Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease最新文献

{"title":"Bacteraemia and proinflammatory response after non-surgical periodontal therapy and adjunctive antibiotics in patients with recent acute coronary syndrome","authors":"Gloria Inés Lafaurie ,&nbsp;Diana Marcela Castillo ,&nbsp;Nathaly Andrea Delgadillo ,&nbsp;Yineth Neuta ,&nbsp;Yormaris Castillo ,&nbsp;Paula Katherine Vargas-Sánchez ,&nbsp;David Díaz-Báez ,&nbsp;Luz Amparo Gómez ,&nbsp;Sandra Moscoso ,&nbsp;Juan Manuel Sarmiento ,&nbsp;Fabian Cortes ,&nbsp;Fernán Mendoza","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116662","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116662","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study compares the incidence of bacteraemia and proinflammatory cytokines in short and long periods after non-surgical periodontal therapy involving premedication with amoxicillin (AMX) followed by AMX and metronidazole (MTZ) in patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This pilot study included twelve individuals with periodontitis and recent ACS. Six patients were treated with subgingival instrumentation (SI), and six with supragingival ultrasonic scaling (US). Amoxicillin 2 g was administered as premedication in the first visit, followed by AMX-MTZ for one week. The incidence of bacteraemia was evaluated using hemoculture, qPCR, and next-generation sequencing (NGS) before the treatment (t0) and 30 min later (t1) (quadrants 1 and 2), and after one-week, pre-post-treatment samples were taken from the re-maining quadrants (t3 and t4). Proinflammatory cytokines were evaluated in serum at baseline (t0), one week (t1), and six months (t5).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Bacteraemia was low in 16.6 %, similar in both treatment groups. <em>Porphyromonas gingivalis</em> and <em>Desulfobulbus oralis</em> (16.6 %), <em>Filifactor alocis, Eubacterium saphenum, Eubacterium brachy</em> (8.3 %) were identified with qPCR. NGS was only detected in a single patient; at time t0, bacteria were more diverse than at t3 and were associated with the phyla <em>Bacteroidetes</em> and <em>Proteobacteria.</em> Interestingly, many clones observed in blood were non-oral. After treatment, all cytokines were reduced significantly in the SI group in the long term (<em>p</em> <em>&lt;</em> 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Periodontal therapy reduced bacteremia: despite the antibiotic regimen, bacteria remained in peripheral blood, which could be associated with antimicrobial resistance. SI produced a more efficient reduction of proinflammatory cytokines after periodontal treatment in individuals with ACS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 3","pages":"Article 116662"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mortality rates and risk factors associated with mortality in patients with stenotrophomonas maltophilia primary Bacteraemia and Pneumonia","authors":"Mürşit Hasbek ,&nbsp;Özlem Aldemir ,&nbsp;Yasemin Çakır Kıymaz ,&nbsp;Cihad Baysal ,&nbsp;Dilara Yıldırım ,&nbsp;Seyit Ali Büyüktuna","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116664","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116664","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to evaluate the risk factors associated with the mortality of <em>S. maltophilia</em> infections. Patients aged 18 years and older with <em>S. maltophilia</em> infection. Patients were divided into two groups primary bacteraemia and pneumonia. Of 176 S. maltophilia infections, 85 (48.2 %) were classified as bacteremia and 91 (51.8 %) as pneumonia. The mortality rate was 56 %, with no significant difference observed between the groups. Invasive mechanical ventilation, history of carbapenem use, and high Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) were significantly higher in the pneumonia group. In univariate analysis, higher Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score, higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, and use of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) were identified as independent risk factors for 28-day mortality. This study demonstrates a mortality rate of 56 % in <em>S. maltophilia</em> infections and provides concrete data on risk factors for mortality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 3","pages":"Article 116664"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative efficacy of HPV 16/18 DNA and E6/E7 mRNA testing in detecting high-grade cervical lesions (CIN2+) in women with cervical biopsies","authors":"Sepideh Benvari ,&nbsp;Masoumeh Aslanimehr ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Samiee-Rad ,&nbsp;Taghi Naserpour-Farivar ,&nbsp;Hamid Sadeghi","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116668","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116668","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study evaluated the efficacy of HPV 16/18 E6/E7 mRNA detection in women with abnormal cervical histology. A total of 99 cervical biopsy samples were analyzed, including 49 benign, 16 with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 1 (CIN1), 9 with CIN2/3, and 25 with cervical cancers. Samples were tested for HPV 16/18 using both DNA and mRNA RT-PCR methods. The findings revealed a sensitivity of 85.3 % (29/34) for the HPV DNA test and 76.5 % (26/34) for the mRNA test in detecting CIN2+ lesions. Notably, the E6/E7 mRNA test demonstrated greater specificity for CIN2+ at 75.4 % (49/65), compared to 52.3 % (34/65) for the DNA test. The prevalence of positive results for both tests increased with the severity of squamous cell abnormalities. However, the HPV 16/18 E6/E7 mRNA test provided superior specificity, making it a more effective method for cervical cancer screening in this region, offering more precise results than DNA testing alone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 3","pages":"Article 116668"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142902735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microsatellites markers fostering the understanding of malaria parasite biology, epidemiology and population genetics.","authors":"Kanika Verma, Sirajunnisa Abdul Razack, Kristan Alexander Schneider, Praveen Kumar Bharti","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116667","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microsatellites, or simple sequence repeats (SSRs), are short tandemly repeated DNA sequences widely dispersed throughout the genome. Their high variability, co-dominant inheritance, and ease of detection make them valuable genetic markers, frequently used to study genetic diversity, population structure, and evolutionary processes. In the context of malaria research, particularly with Plasmodium falciparum (P.falciparum), the deadliest malaria parasite in humans, microsatellites have been extensively utilized to track genetic variation, monitor drug resistance, and understand transmission patterns. This study highlights the significance of microsatellite markers in unraveling the genetic complexity of P. falciparum, providing insights into its biology and epidemiology. We discuss their application in the study of parasite population genetics, the challenges associated with their use, and their potential in guiding malaria control strategies. By focusing on P. falciparum, this work emphasizes the critical role of microsatellite markers in advancing our understanding of malaria transmission, drug resistance, and potential vaccine development.</p>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":" ","pages":"116667"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing hepatitis B elimination: A systematic review of global immunization progress and future directions","authors":"Salma Madihi,&nbsp;Samia Boukaira,&nbsp;Abdelouaheb Benani","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116666","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116666","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The World Health Organization (WHO) has set a target of eliminating viral hepatitis B and C by 2030. Vaccination against hepatitis B (HepB) remains the most effective strategy for controlling and eliminating Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection. The development of HepB vaccines started with plasma-derived vaccines, which have since been largely replaced by safer and more effective recombinant vaccines, now considered the gold standard for preventing HBV infections. More recently, mRNA-based vaccines have emerged as a promising platform. This study aims to review and provide an up-to-date comparative analysis of the characteristics, efficacy, effectiveness, and the impact of variants of concern across 17 HepB vaccines. It also highlights the global progress of HepB vaccination, with 191 implementing HepB vaccination for the entire country, and an estimated HBV prevalence of 0.7 % among children under 5 years in 2022. This achievement is driven by the strong safety profiles, high immunogenicity, and robust efficacy of current vaccines, which have demonstrated minimal side effects. Nevertheless, challenges persist in certain populations that do not respond adequately to vaccination. Here, we report the updated guidelines and propose strategies to improve the effectiveness of HepB vaccination for these specific populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 3","pages":"Article 116666"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rational evaluation of the clinical application of ceftazidime-avibactam for the treatment of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae infections: A real-world retrospective study","authors":"Jinfang Shi ,&nbsp;Jie Gao ,&nbsp;Ying Zhu ,&nbsp;Chenyan Zhao ,&nbsp;Wei Wang ,&nbsp;Shiqi Chen ,&nbsp;Qingqing Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116659","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116659","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To evaluate the rationality of the clinical use of ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) for carbapenem-resistant <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> (CRKP) infections in a real-world setting.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We established the rational evaluation criteria based on drug instructions and relevant guidelines to retrospectively evaluate the use of CAZ-AVI to treat CRKP infections from June 2020 to June 2023 in a tertiary hospital in China. Patients were divided into the rational use group and irrational use group. The differences in clinical efficacy, 14- and 28-day mortality, microbiological response and side effects between these two groups were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Seventy-five adult patients were enrolled. The clinical application of CAZ-AVI was rational in 32 (42.7 %) patients. Irrational dosage and irrational treatment regimens were observed in 19 (25.3 %) and 31 (41.3 %) patients, respectively. The clinical treatment success rate of the rational use group was higher than that of the irrational use group, whereas the 28-day mortality rate was slightly lower. However, the microbial clearance rate was significantly higher in the irrational use group, probably due to the high percentage of microbial replacement. The rational use group had a lower incidence of acute kidney injury and acute drug-induced liver injury. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) negatively impacted rational CAZ-AVI use (OR 0.13, 95 % CI 0.03-0.72, <em>P</em> = 0.019).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>To optimize clinical outcomes and reduce side effects of CAZ-AVI, unnecessary combination therapy should be avoided, and dose adjustments should be made according to the drug instructions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 3","pages":"Article 116659"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142885266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dried blood spot: A diagnostic detection method for HBV, HCV and HIV nucleic acid using a single drop of blood","authors":"Stephen Strunge Nilsson ,&nbsp;Jonas Demant ,&nbsp;Sara Thønnings ,&nbsp;Nina Weis ,&nbsp;Henrik Westh ,&nbsp;Mette Pinholt","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116661","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116661","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global strategy to eradicate Hepatitis B (HBV), Hepatitis C (HCV), and HIV by 2030 is critical due to their impact and challenges to healthcare systems. HCV is curable, but HBV and HIV are only suppressible, with a vaccine available solely for HBV. Innovative diagnostic methods are needed, especially for high-risk populations like people who inject drugs (PWID). This study validates a dried blood spot (DBS) nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) using the Hologic Panther system for detecting HBV, HCV, and HIV. The method was used to screen among PWID in the Capital Region of Denmark. The DBS method demonstrated high sensitivity, with a 95 % limit of detection (LoD) of 2711 IU/mL for HBV, 525 IU/mL for HCV, and 4022 copies/mL for HIV. Screening of 83 PWID in Denmark revealed a 13 % prevalence of active HCV infection, offering significant benefits in settings where traditional venous access is difficult.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 3","pages":"Article 116661"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142871665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of clinical characteristics and mortality risk factors in patients with community-acquired pneumonia caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae","authors":"Xiaofeng Yu ,&nbsp;Lijun Suo ,&nbsp;Xiao Sun ,&nbsp;Tianyu Sun ,&nbsp;Li Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaowei Qi ,&nbsp;Aiming Hou ,&nbsp;Jiahui Luan ,&nbsp;Haiyan Wang ,&nbsp;Yi Zhao ,&nbsp;Bo Liu ,&nbsp;Hongyun Cao","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116660","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116660","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) caused by <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> (KP) results in high mortality. 121 cases were included in this study to explore the characteristics and risk factors of CAP patients caused by hypervirulent or resistant KP strains, which were limited reported in previous studies. We found that neither hypervirulent KP nor ESBL-producing KP infections affect mortality (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05), while increased qSOFA score (odds ratio [OR] 4.50, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.55–12.76, <em>P</em> = 0.005) and APACHE-II score (OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.13–1.48, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) were independent risk factors for mortality. In addition, the areas under the curve (AUCs) of qSOFA in predicting the mortality rate of all patients, ICU patients, and non-ICU patients were 0.82, 0.74, and 0.81, respectively. Elevated qSOFA or APACHE-II scores were considered independent risk factors for 28-day mortality. The qSOFA score was a good predictor of mortality among KP CAP patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 3","pages":"Article 116660"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seventeen cases of Mycobacterium marinum infection in Italy: A multicenter retrospective study","authors":"Bianca Granozzi ,&nbsp;Martina Casarini ,&nbsp;Niccolò Riccardi ,&nbsp;Angelo Roberto Raccagni ,&nbsp;Silvia Nozza ,&nbsp;Filippo Bartalesi ,&nbsp;Agostina Pontarelli ,&nbsp;Jessica Mencarini ,&nbsp;Sara Occhineri ,&nbsp;Laura Rindi ,&nbsp;Marco Falcone ,&nbsp;Marina Tadolini","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116656","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116656","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Mycobacterium marinum</em> infection is rare, misrecognized and underdiagnosed but can cause severe clinical pictures, especially if the diagnosis is late and the patient is immunocompromised. Treatment includes long-term antibiotic therapy combined with surgical therapy when necessary.</div><div>We performed a multicenter retrospective study with data from five Italian hospitals describing the epidemiological, clinical, bacteriological characteristics, and treatment outcome of subjects diagnosed with <em>M. marinum</em> infection.</div><div>During the study period 17 subjects were enrolled. The median time from symptoms onset to diagnosis was 124 days. Thirteen out of 17 were bacteriologically confirmed cases. In all cases, expect one, at least two antibiotics were used with a median of 6 months of treatment, leading to clinical resolution.</div><div>Too often, the diagnosis of <em>M. marinum</em> infection is delayed and it remains largely presumptive. Prospective studies and randomized controlled trials are necessary to better understand the most appropriate therapeutic regimen and duration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 3","pages":"Article 116656"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142876571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Aspergillus PCR on the management of invasive aspergillosis: A tertiary care hospital experience during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Muhammed Cihan Işık ,&nbsp;Gökhan Metan ,&nbsp;Alpaslan Alp ,&nbsp;Dolunay Gülmez ,&nbsp;Sevtap Arikan-Akdagli ,&nbsp;Ömrüm Uzun","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116658","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116658","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To assess the impact of <em>Aspergillus</em> PCR on managing invasive aspergillosis (IA) in routine patient management.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective study included 235 patients who had <em>Aspergillus</em> PCR tests performed on respiratory samples (bronchoalveolar lavage, non-bronchoscopic lavage, and sputum) from November 2020 to April 2022.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 293 tests, 11.9% were PCR positive. Positive PCR results did not alter IA diagnostic categories. The decision on antifungal treatment was based on PCR results in nine of the 54 treated patients. Ten patients with positive PCR were not treated due to clinical improvement while awaiting results.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The utility of <em>Aspergillus</em> PCR was constrained by the use of non-validated samples and delays in reporting, reducing its impact on management decisions during a time when bronchoscopy was limited due to COVID-19. To enhance its clinical effectiveness and cost-efficiency, implementing a diagnostic algorithm for appropriate use is essential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 3","pages":"Article 116658"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142902773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}