Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of humoral and cellular responses after vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 in patients with immune-mediated diseases","authors":"Thomas Escoda ,&nbsp;Sylvie Jordana ,&nbsp;Laurent Chiche ,&nbsp;Guillaume Penaranda ,&nbsp;Stanislas Rebaudet ,&nbsp;Philippe Halfon","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116825","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116825","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Patients with autoimmune disease (AID) or immunodepression (ID), particularly those treated with anti-CD20, have an increased risk of COVID-19 infection.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To characterise the humoral and cellular immune responses against specific antigens of SARS-CoV-2 in immunocompromised patients, as well as their correlation and determinants.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study was conducted in outpatients with AID and/or ID for which an assessment of their humoral and cellular response was carried out and analysed in relation to demographic data, comorbidities, treatments, type of vaccine and number of doses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fifty patients were included. The overall serological response rate was 76%. The cellular response was positive in 54% of patients. The main factors influencing the humoral and cellular responses were age, comorbidities and treatment with anti-CD20.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In ID patients, vaccination against COVID-19 can generate an adequate T-cell response, the character of which is an emerging issue in the context of COVID-19 infection. The main limitations of this study and those in the literature are the heterogeneity of the patients included and the absence of a control population. These results highlight the importance of evaluating the antiviral T-cell response and the impact of immunosuppressive treatments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"112 3","pages":"Article 116825"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143816260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hand, foot and mouth disease with encephalomyelitis in adult: A case report","authors":"Kieu Nguyet Oanh Pham ,&nbsp;Minh Cuong Duong ,&nbsp;Dinh Nam Vo ,&nbsp;Dang Trung Nghia Ho","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116832","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116832","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) complications rarely develop in adults. We present a case of a 21-year-old woman with an acute onset of impaired consciousness, ptosis, and limb weakness. She had a history of close contact with an HFMD patient, fever, vesicles on her hands and nasopharynx, and decreased limb muscle power. The results of the head and spinal cord MRI and RT-PCR of cerebrospinal fluid and throat, skin lesion, and anal swabs confirmed enterovirus 71-induced encephalomyelitis. She received a single dose of IVIG therapy and fully recovered. Our report further confirms the possibilities of HFMD with severe neurological complications in adults. A history of contact with HFMD patients and lesions on the skin and mucosa, even unobvious, help diagnose the disease. Confirming central nervous system involvement requires cerebrospinal fluid analysis and brain and spinal cord MRI. Prompt IVIG treatment could help reduce fever, skin lesions, and recovery time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"112 3","pages":"Article 116832"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143807614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CLIA immunoassay as an alternative and accurate method to detect Sars-Cov-2 antigen compared to ELISA","authors":"Keilla Gomes Machado,&nbsp;Vitória Bertelli,&nbsp;Rafaele Frassini,&nbsp;André Felipe Streck,&nbsp;Mariana Roesch Ely","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116828","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116828","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>COVID-19 has caused moderately severe infections in humans over the past few years, leading to &gt;759 million confirmed cases. This situation highlights an urgent need to develop accurate diagnostic tests to monitor infectious disease and to adopt alternative methods such as CLIA to achieve low detection levels of proteins on diagnostic platforms.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Develop in-house immunoassay for ELISA and CLIA to diagnose COVID-19.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>200 nasopharyngeal samples were collected using swabs, placed in tubes with 3 mL of PBS. 1 mL from each sample was used to perform qRT-PCR and was considered positive in samples with CT &lt; 38. The remaining volume was used for in-house sandwich immunoassay ELISA and CLIA.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results showed that CLIA was able to detect active disease in samples containing N protein concentrations greater than 16 ng/mL, with a sensitivity of 90 % and specificity of 94.5 %, and an area under the ROC curve (AUROC) of 0.943 (95 % CI: 0.909–0.977). ELISA showed an AUROC = 0.709 (95 % CI: 0.639–0.778), with a sensitivity of 54.4 % and specificity of 87.2 %.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The CLIA results in this study outperformed the traditional ELISA and proved to be a suitable platform for monitoring the progression of disease stages, including the diagnosis of active COVID-19 infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"112 4","pages":"Article 116828"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143817064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of an anti-HCV chemiluminescence assay: Enhancing diagnostic accuracy and reducing false positives in hepatitis C screening","authors":"Qingyuan Zheng ,&nbsp;Yong He ,&nbsp;Quanjing Zhu ,&nbsp;Chi Wang ,&nbsp;Xin Nie","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116829","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116829","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Detection of antibodies is recommended for the diagnosis and effective treatment of hepatitis C. This study evaluated the performance of a new chemiluminescence assay for detecting hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies and compared it with previous assays using a comprehensive set of routine and borderline samples.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 2,216 serum samples were included in this study, comprising of 2,121 routine clinical samples and 95 borderline cases (COI range: 0.9-5.0). We compared the Anti-HCV-2 assay's (Mindray Diagnostics, Shenzhen, China) performance with the Anti-HCV-1 assay, assessing key parameters including sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV). Precision was tested using replicate samples, and accuracy was validated through confirmatory RIBA (Mikrogen GmbH, Neuried, Germany) and Elecsys Anti-HCV assays (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany). Interference testing was conducted to assess the assay's robustness against common substances found in clinical samples.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The Anti-HCV-2 assay demonstrated high sensitivity (98.2 %), specificity (99.1 %), and accuracy (98.7 %) in routine clinical samples. For borderline cases, the accuracy of Anti-HCV-2 was significantly higher (96.84 %) compared to Anti-HCV-1 (3.16 %). Precision testing showed a coefficient of variation (CV) of &lt;2 %, indicating excellent reproducibility. Anti-interference testing confirmed that the Anti-HCV-2 assay performed consistently across samples with common interferences, such as hemolysis and lipemia.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The Anti-HCV-2 assay outperforms the Anti-HCV-1 assay in terms of accuracy, reproducibility, and reliability, especially in the range of borderline, making it a valuable tool for routine HCV screening.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"112 3","pages":"Article 116829"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utility of sexually transmitted infection screening in diagnosing clinical gynaecological conditions using endometrial specimens","authors":"Alfredo Maldonado-Barrueco ,&nbsp;Esther Almazán-Garate ,&nbsp;Onica Armijo-Suárez ,&nbsp;Silvia Iniesta-Pérez ,&nbsp;Claudia Sanz-González ,&nbsp;Iker Falces-Romero ,&nbsp;Covadonga Álvarez-López ,&nbsp;Juana Cacho-Calvo ,&nbsp;Inmaculada Quiles-Melero","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116830","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116830","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sexually transmitted infections are associated with gynaecological conditions, yet screening algorithms are lacking. The aim was determining the utility of endometrial specimens for chronic gynaecological diagnosis. In a retrospective cohort study of 91 patients (42.8 % CD138-positive), only 5.5 % tested were positive for <em>Ureaplasma parvum</em>. Endometrial STI screening was not useful in a population of low STI prevalence (&lt;10 %), suggesting its value depends on STI prevalence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"112 4","pages":"Article 116830"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143823516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the factors impacting dengue rapid diagnosis in Bangladesh","authors":"Selim Reza Tony ,&nbsp;Mst Noorjahan Begum ,&nbsp;Nusrat Sultana ,&nbsp;Yeasir Karim ,&nbsp;Shaheen Alam ,&nbsp;Afsana Rashed ,&nbsp;Kamrun Nahar ,&nbsp;Ashish Kumar Ghosh ,&nbsp;Amirul Huda Bhuiyan ,&nbsp;Sultana Shahana Banu ,&nbsp;Mustafizur Rahman","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116827","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116827","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Dengue affects over 70 % of the populations in tropical and subtropical regions, including Bangladesh, posing a significant health burden. The sensitivity of widely used rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) varies due to factors like viral load, serotypes, secondary infections, and disease severity.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>This study evaluated the diagnostic performance of RDTs compared to RT-PCR, identifying key factors affecting sensitivity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study at Dhaka Medical College (DMC) involved 683 suspected dengue cases. Blood samples and metadata were collected, and RDTs (NS1, IgG, IgM) were performed on-site. Samples were analyzed at icddr,b using RT-PCR for viral RNA detection and serotyping. Diagnostic performance was assessed using MedCalc, while metadata and sensitivity differences were analyzed with SPSS.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We found that vomiting was the most common symptom, followed by, diarrhea, restlessness, and abdominal tenderness. RDT sensitivity was highest in cases with high viral loads, reaching 94 % within 1–3 days of symptom onset and 82 % beyond three days. Moderate viral loads showed sensitivities of 70 % for NS1+IgM and 84 % for NS1+IgM+IgG within three days, decreasing thereafter. Sensitivity was low in low viral load cases but improved after three days with IgG incorporation. DENV-3 and secondary infections showed higher false-negative rates.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study emphasizes the importance of early testing in suspected dengue cases with symptoms like fever, vomiting, diarrhea, or abdominal tenderness, offering critical insights to enhance diagnostics, patient care, and disease control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"112 3","pages":"Article 116827"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis and psoas abscess caused by Haemophilus influenzae: Diagnostic value of 16S ribosomal RNA gene analysis in a culture-negative case","authors":"Haruka Ishiki ,&nbsp;Yusuke Oshiro ,&nbsp;Takashi Shinzato ,&nbsp;Kenya Toma ,&nbsp;Kiyofumi Ohkusu","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116824","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116824","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Haemophilus influenzae</em> is a rare cause of pyogenic osteomyelitis, with only eleven reported adult cases. We present a case of <em>H. influenzae</em> vertebral osteomyelitis and psoas abscess in a 48-year-old woman who had received prior antibiotic therapy before the event. She subsequently developed worsening lower back pain, and magnetic resonance imaging revealed L4/L5 osteomyelitis with psoas abscess. Despite empiric cefazolin therapy, her condition deteriorated. All microbiological cultures remained negative, including blood and aspirated pus from the lesion. Broad-range 16S ribosomal RNA gene polymerase chain reaction and sequencing analysis identified β-lactamase-negative ampicillin-susceptible <em>H. influenzae</em> as the causative pathogen. After switching to cefotaxime, the patient improved and completed treatment with oral levofloxacin without recurrence. This case demonstrates the value of molecular techniques in diagnosing culture-negative infections, particularly in antibiotic-pretreated patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"112 3","pages":"Article 116824"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143748093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated urine culture system with reduced turnaround time: A prospective real-world evaluation","authors":"Lorena Porte ,&nbsp;María Jesús Alfaro ,&nbsp;Carmen Varela ,&nbsp;Jorge Reyes ,&nbsp;Thomas Weitzel","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116826","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116826","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Urinary tract infections are among the most common bacterial illnesses in clinical practice. Urine culture is the diagnostic reference standard for these infections, representing a major proportion of the workload of microbiological laboratories. Conventional urine cultures require 18-24 h of incubation and are negative in about 80.0 %. Uroquattro-HB&amp;L® [Alifax] is an automated urine culture system providing results in 5 h.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To evaluate the diagnostic performance of this rapid system compared to conventional culture and test its applicability for rapid identification and susceptibility testing in a real-world setting.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 1,062 routine urine samples were included and tested in parallel by Uroquattro-HB&amp;L rapid culture and by conventional culture. Uroquattro-HB&amp;L performance was analyzed in comparison to conventional culture and a composite reference standard. Microorganisms from rapid culture were identified by MALDI-TOF technique. In a subset of 58 Uroquattro-HB&amp;L-positive samples, a rapid susceptibility testing protocol was applied using the VITEK 2 XL system.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared to conventional culture, Uroquattro-HB&amp;L showed a sensitivity of 87.3 %, specificity of 91.1 %, accuracy of 90.5 %, and positive and negative predictive values of 64.9 % and 97.4 %, respectively. Using the composite reference standard, the sensitivity and specificity were 91.3 % and 100 %, respectively. Agreement between the identification results was 92.3 %. Rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed &gt;90.0 % concordance with conventional AST.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Uroquattro-HB&amp;L accurately identified culture-negative urine samples and permitted the identification of positive samples within 4-5 h. The system was also used to obtain rapid susceptibility testing results; however, this application requires further evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"112 3","pages":"Article 116826"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143777104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cover 2 - Aims/Scopes, Ed Board","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0732-8893(25)00135-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0732-8893(25)00135-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"112 2","pages":"Article 116812"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and cost implications of Biofire FilmArray® meningitis / encephalitis panel testing: a systematic review","authors":"Nastaran Rafiei ,&nbsp;Shradha Subedi ,&nbsp;Patrick NA Harris ,&nbsp;David L Paterson","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116823","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116823","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Meningitis and encephalitis are diseases with high case fatality rates and serious long-term sequalae. A significant percentage do not receive an aetiological diagnosis, in part due to limitations of conventional testing methods. The Biofire FilmArray® Meningitis / Encephalitis Panel (MEP) is the first commercially approved multiplex PCR panel for diagnosis of infectious meningoencephalitis. It provides rapid results and has the potential to reduce empiric antimicrobial use and length of hospitalisation when compared to conventional testing.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a systematic review to evaluate the impact of MEP implementation by searching the Medline and Embase databases. The outcomes of interest were duration of acyclovir treatment, duration of antimicrobials, length of stay and healthcare cost.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 23 studies satisfied the inclusion criteria, the majority of which were retrospective studies comparing cohorts before and after MEP implementation. The included studies were very heterogenous, with variation in MEP implementation strategies, standard of care diagnostics and study populations. MEP testing resulted in reduction in acyclovir use in 75 % of studies with an average reduction of 39 h (range 11-144 h). Antimicrobial use and length of stay was reduced in 44 % and 40 % of studies respectively. Five studies looked at healthcare costs, variably described between studies as hospitalisation, antimicrobial and microbiology costs. Total hospitalisation cost was reduced in 1 study and unchanged in 2 studies.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Whilst MEP implementation reduces acyclovir usage in patients evaluated for ME, the benefits in terms of antibiotic use, and length of stay are variable and likely depend on the study population, implementation strategy and standard of care testing available in each institution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"112 3","pages":"Article 116823"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143724937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}