Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease最新文献

{"title":"Co-infection of lophomonas blattarum and mycobacterium tuberculosis: Insights from a study in northeastern Iran","authors":"Bibi Razieh Hosseini Farash ,&nbsp;Fariba Berenji ,&nbsp;Ghodratollah Salehi Sangani ,&nbsp;Saman Soleimanpour ,&nbsp;Pouria Talebi","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117072","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117072","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) continues to pose a significant global health challenge, especially in low- and middle-income countries. The immune suppression caused by TB increases susceptibility to secondary infections such as <em>Lophomonas blattarum</em>, a rare protozoan that infects the respiratory tract. Co-infection with <em>Lophomonas</em> can complicate TB treatment due to overlapping symptoms, leading to misdiagnosis or delayed care. This study aims to assess the prevalence and clinical impact of <em>L. blattarum</em> co-infection in TB patients and evaluate the need for routine screening in regions with high TB prevalence.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Mashhad, Iran. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples were obtained from 214 patients with respiratory symptoms. TB diagnosis was based on Ziehl-Neelsen staining, culture as the gold standard, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the IS6110 and 16S rRNA genes. <em>L. blatta</em>rum detection was initially performed through direct light microscopy, and PCR was subsequently attempted using species-specific primers targeting the 18S rRNA gene. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22, with p-values &lt; 0.05 considered statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the TB-positive patients, 55.7 % were co-infected with <em>Lophomonas</em>, compared to 29.9 % in the TB-negative group, demonstrating a significant association between TB and <em>Lophomonas</em> infection (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). The highest prevalence of <em>Lophomonas</em> infection was observed in patients over 60 years old. Despite molecular attempts to identify <em>Lophomonas</em> using PCR, the results were inconclusive, and microscopy served as the primary diagnostic tool.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The high rate of <em>Lophomonas</em> co-infection in TB patients underscores the need for routine screening, particularly in regions with high TB prevalence. Early detection of co-infections can improve patient outcomes and prevent complications from misdiagnosis or delayed treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"113 4","pages":"Article 117072"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144879345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cover 2 - Aims/Scopes, Ed Board","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0732-8893(25)00363-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0732-8893(25)00363-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"113 3","pages":"Article 117040"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144860525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Fujifilm Wako β-Glucan assay in cerebrospinal fluid for the diagnosis of non-cryptococcal fungal infections of the central nervous system","authors":"Arghadip Samaddar ,&nbsp;Supriya M ,&nbsp;Nagarathna S ,&nbsp;Vinutha S","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117071","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117071","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>(1→3)-β-D-glucan (BDG), a component of the fungal cell wall, has emerged as a potential cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker for fungal infections of the central nervous system (FI-CNS). While the Fungitell® assay has been well studied in this context, the diagnostic performance of the Fujifilm Wako β-glucan assay in CSF remains unknown. The present study aimed to evaluate the Fujifilm Wako assay for diagnosing non-cryptococcal FI-CNS, establish an optimal CSF-specific BDG cut-off value, and assess its concordance with the Fungitell® assay.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We prospectively analysed CSF samples from patients with suspected non-cryptococcal FI-CNS using the Fujifilm Wako assay. Cases were classified as proven or probable FI-CNS based on revised EORTC/MSGERC criteria, and non-fungal neurological cases served as controls. BDG levels were compared across groups, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to identify an optimal diagnostic threshold, and agreement with the Fungitell assay was assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Sixty-nine patients with suspected non-cryptococcal FI-CNS (4 proven, 65 probable) and 35 control patients were included. BDG was positive in 95.6% of the suspected cases, including all proven cases. An optimal cut-off of 10 pg/mL yielded 91.2% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100% PPV, and 85.4% NPV, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.976. Agreement with the Fungitell assay was strong (Cohen’s κ = 0.877 at this threshold).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The Fujifilm Wako β-glucan assay demonstrates high diagnostic accuracy for non-cryptococcal FI-CNS when used on CSF, particularly at a 10 pg/mL cut-off. Larger multicentre studies with standardized protocols are needed to confirm these findings and support broader clinical adoption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"113 4","pages":"Article 117071"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144879346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of bacterial vaginosis-associated bacteria and outcomes during clinical gynaecological conditions using qPCR: A retrospective cohort study","authors":"Alfredo Maldonado-Barrueco ,&nbsp;Esther Almazán-Garate ,&nbsp;Onica Armijo-Suárez ,&nbsp;Silvia Iniesta-Pérez ,&nbsp;Claudia Sanz-González ,&nbsp;Covadonga Álvarez-López ,&nbsp;Juana Cacho-Calvo ,&nbsp;Inmaculada Quiles-Melero","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117065","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117065","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Endometriosis, chronic endometritis (CE), unexplained infertility (UI), and recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) are gynecological conditions frequently associated with inflammation and alterations in the endometrial microbiome. The presence of bacterial vaginosis-associated bacteria (BVAB) and the expression of CD138 may influence clinical outcomes. We evaluate the relationship between endometrial BVAB detection via qPCR, CD138 marker expression, prior antibiotic treatment, and the number of miscarriages. A retrospective single-center cohort study was conducted on 86 women with endometriosis, CE, UI, and/or RPL. Endometrial samples were collected and analysed using the Allplex™ Bacterial Vaginosis Plus qPCR assay (Seegene^Ⓡ). Demographic data, CD138 expression, antibiotic usage, and miscarriage history were recorded and statistically analysed. CD138 expression was positive in 44.2% of cases. BVAB were detected in 31.4% of patients, with <em>Lactobacillus</em> spp. (median Log₁₀ copies/reaction 1.56) and <em>G. vaginalis</em> (median Log₁₀ copies/reaction 0.81) being the most common. A significant inverse association was found between CD138 positivity and BVAB detection (<em>p &lt;</em> 0.05, OR = 0.31), suggesting reduced BVAB presence in inflamed endometria. No significant association was found between BVAB detection and prior antibiotic therapy or number of miscarriages. A significant correlation was found between negative BVAB qPCR results and positive CD138 expression, indicating a potential link between endometrial inflammation and microbiome alterations. However, antibiotic treatment did not significantly impact BVAB presence, and no association was found with miscarriage frequency. Further studies using vaginal swabs, healthy controls, and microbiome next-generation sequencing are needed to clarify these associations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"113 4","pages":"Article 117065"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144864443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis of Leishmania donovani infection via bronchoalveolar lavage fluid next-generation sequencing:A case report","authors":"Xiaoran Jia ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Zheng ,&nbsp;Dan Li,&nbsp;Jiangping Cai,&nbsp;Jiahuai Yang,&nbsp;Qianbiao Rao,&nbsp;Xiulin Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117067","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Visceral leishmaniasis usually presents with fever, weight loss, enlargement of the spleen and liver, and anemia. Its diagnosis relies on etiological examination, typically by detecting Leishmania parasites in smears of bone marrow, splenic, or lymph node aspirates. We report a case of Leishmania infection presenting predominantly as interstitial pneumonia. The patient showed no significant improvement in pulmonary lesions after empirical antibiotic therapy. Targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) detected Leishmania donovani species complex. The pulmonary lesions gradually resolved following standard treatment with amphotericin B colloidal dispersion. Through a comprehensive review of previous studies, we examined the pulmonary manifestations of visceral leishmaniasis, encompassing both interstitial pneumonia and secondary parasitic lung infections. Based on our findings, we emphasize the need for enhanced clinical recognition of visceral leishmaniasis-related pulmonary complications among healthcare professionals. Furthermore, we addressed the limitations of this case report.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"113 4","pages":"Article 117067"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144864444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular detection of intestinal protozoa and microsporidia in HIV/AIDS patients","authors":"Sehriban Yurekturk ,&nbsp;Tuba Damar Cakırca ,&nbsp;Esra Gurbuz ,&nbsp;Selahattin Aydemir ,&nbsp;Abdurrahman Ekici","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117068","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117068","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study investigate opportunistic pathogens <em>Cryptosporidium</em> spp, <em>Giardia intestinalis, Blastocystis</em>, and microsporidia species in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection using molecular methods, and to identify associated risk factors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study included 100 randomly selected HIV-seropositive patients, along with 50 healthy individuals as the control group. Participants who reported receiving antiparasitic treatment during the study period were excluded. Conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect <em>Blastocystis</em> and microsporidia, while nested PCR was employed to identify <em>Cryptosporidium</em> spp. and <em>G. intestinalis</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><em>Blastocystis</em> was found in 22% of the of HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients, as was microsporidia in 17%, <em>Cryptosporidium</em> spp. in 12%, and <em>G. intestinalis</em> in 11%. In the control group, <em>Blastocystis</em> was detected in 8%, microsporidia in 6% and <em>Cryptosporidium</em> spp. in 2%, while <em>G. intestinalis</em> was not detected. The differences in the prevalence of <em>G. intestinalis</em> (p = 0.001), <em>Cryptosporidium</em> spp. (p = 0.009), microsporidia (p = 0.013), and <em>Blastocystis</em> (p = 0.029) between the patient and control groups were statistically significant. Multiple parasitic infections were identified in 12% of HIV/AIDS patients, whereas no cases of multiple parasitism were observed in the control group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>HIV/AIDS patients were found to be at increased risk for <em>G. intestinalis, Cryptosporidium</em> spp., microsporidia, and <em>Blastocystis</em>. Given the presence of multiple parasitism, stool samples from HIV/AIDS patients should be routinely screened using comprehensive diagnostic methods targeting all major intestinal parasites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"114 1","pages":"Article 117068"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144890593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infection in glaucoma drainage implant caused by macrolide-resistant Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. abscessus","authors":"Shiori Kitaya ,&nbsp;Ryotaro Wajima ,&nbsp;Yoshitaka Zaimoku ,&nbsp;Hatsumi Otani ,&nbsp;Tomomi Higashide ,&nbsp;Hajime Kanamori","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report a rare case of <em>Mycobacterium abscessus</em> infection following Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation in a 74-year-old immunocompetent man with exfoliative glaucoma. He developed conjunctival dehiscence and aqueous leakage, requiring AGV removal and re-implantation in a different quadrant. On postoperative day 27, purulent discharge appeared, prompting emergency explantation. <em>M. abscessus</em> subsp. <em>abscessus</em> was identified by culture and multiplex polymerase chain reaction, which detected the inducible macrolide resistance gene <em>erm</em>(41). Initial intravenous and oral multidrug therapy was discontinued due to patient preference. Infection recurred, requiring surgical debridement and prolonged therapy with amikacin, clofazimine, and sitafloxacin based on susceptibility results. This case underscores the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of AGV-associated <em>M. abscessus</em> infection, which may occur in immunocompetent hosts. The organism’s ability to form biofilms and resist multiple antimicrobials—especially through inducible macrolide resistance—complicates treatment. Early removal of infected devices and susceptibility-guided antimicrobial selection are essential for infection control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"113 4","pages":"Article 117060"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144864442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clonal outbreak of Myroides odoratimimus in ICU patients: A descriptive analysis of pan-drug resistance and associated mortality","authors":"Şinasi Karvar ,&nbsp;Elif Okumuş ,&nbsp;Kübra Nur Tutan ,&nbsp;Aysun Özel Yeşilyurt","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117066","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117066","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Myroides odoratimimus</em>, a non-fermentative Gram-negative bacillus, has increasingly been recognized as a cause of opportunistic healthcare-associated infections, particularly in intensive care units (ICUs). Its intrinsic resistance to multiple antibiotic classes, including carbapenems, aminoglycosides, and polymyxins, presents serious therapeutic challenges. Here, we report a clonal outbreak of urinary M. odoratimimus involving 27 patients over a 7-month period in a tertiary care hospital in Turkey. All patients were hospitalized in ICUs and had indwelling urinary catheters. The isolates were identified using automated systems and confirmed through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Clonal relatedness was determined by (GTG)₅-PCR, demonstrating genetic identity among all isolates despite their detection in different ICU wards. All strains exhibited a pan-drug-resistant phenotype, showing resistance to every tested antimicrobial, including colistin. The mean duration of hospital stay was 61 days, and the mortality rate was 70.3 %, notably exceeding predicted mortality based on APACHE II scores and the background ICU mortality rate. Environmental cultures were all negative, possibly due to delayed sampling or limitations of conventional detection techniques. This study highlights the ability of <em>M. odoratimimus</em> to cause persistent clonal outbreaks in critical care settings, underscores its clinical significance as a multidrug-resistant pathogen, and emphasizes the need for early microbiological identification, molecular surveillance, and robust infection control strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"113 4","pages":"Article 117066"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144864441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct detection and rapid speciation and subspeciation of Mycobacterium avium complex using five-target multiplex PCR and clinical correlations in HIV-positive patients in Tehran, Iran","authors":"Saghi Rashidifar ,&nbsp;Naser Harzandi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Javad Gharavi ,&nbsp;Zohreh Momeni ,&nbsp;Malihe Hasan Nezhad","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117064","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117064","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Disseminated <em>Mycobacterium avium</em> complex (DMAC) infection is a major AIDS-defining condition with diagnostic challenges due to nonspecific symptoms. This study, for the first time in Iran, aimed to discriminate MAC organisms in 100 HIV-positive patients directly from clinical specimens and assess their clinical significance, epidemiological characteristics, and associated risk factors through a detailed review of medical and demographic records. Clinical specimens (blood, sputum, and stool) were collected, and routine clinical evaluations were performed. Acid-fast bacilli were detected using Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining, and multiplex conventional PCR assay was used for typing. Analytical sensitivity and specificity of the multiplex PCR were assessed. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software version 19 and analysis of variance (ANOVA test). A total of 28 MAC strains, consisting of 9 isolates of <em>M. avium</em> subsp. <em>paratuberculosis</em>, 6 isolates of <em>M. avium</em> subsp. <em>avium</em>, 11 isolates of <em>M. intracellulare</em>, and 2 isolates of <em>M. genavense</em> were detected in 100 HIV-positive patients. All 28 cases were identified as disseminated infections, including 14 with pulmonary involvement, 9 with gastrointestinal manifestations, and 3 presenting with skin abscesses. <em>M. avium</em> subsp. <em>avium</em> and <em>M. intracellulare</em> were identified in patients with disseminated infections who experienced treatment failure. The multiplex PCR demonstrated high analytical sensitivity and specificity. A significant relationship was found between alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels, age, CD4 count, education level, treatment adherence, and opportunistic infection incidence (P&lt;0.01). In conclusion, multiplex PCR demonstrated a rapid and reliable assay for direct detection of MAC species and subspecies, outperforming traditional diagnostic approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"113 4","pages":"Article 117064"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144879327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BKPyV causing meningoencephalitis in HIV/AIDS patients in Argentina","authors":"Viviana Raskovsky ,&nbsp;Sebastián Blanco ,&nbsp;Federico Perrote ,&nbsp;Esteban Lavaque ,&nbsp;Adrián Edelcopp ,&nbsp;María C. Frutos ,&nbsp;Sandra Gallego","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117063","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.117063","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Opportunistic infections in the central nervous system (CNS) by JCPyV/BKPyV in HIV/AIDS patients increase morbidity/mortality, especially in low-income countries. In Argentina, data regarding CNS-infection by polyomavirus in HIV/AIDS are scarce. We retrospectively evaluated BKPyV/JCPyV infections in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of HIV/AIDS patients with meningoencephalitis or Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy (PML) from Salta, Argentina, a province with high rates of mortality from AIDS.</div><div>Cryopreserved CSF samples from all HIV/AIDS patients with BKPyV/JCPyV admitted to a regional referral hospital for one year underwent amplification of 173 pb T-antigen sequence by PCR, searching for polyomavirus DNA. Subsequently, polyomavirus genotyping by direct sequencing was performed.</div><div>Six percent (3/50) of the patients with CNS disorders had polyomavirus; one patient with meningoencephalitis had BKPyV, and 2 patients with PML had JCPyV. One genotype 2A was identified.</div><div>To our knowledge, this is the first description of BKPyV-associated meningoencephalitis in HIV/AIDS patients in Argentina, together with the first report of JCPyV genotype 2 responsible for neurological disease in a patient with HIV/AIDS in the country. These data support the systematic incorporation of molecular diagnosis for BKPyV /JCPyV into routine screening of CSF in patients with HIV/AIDS and neurological diseases in Argentina. Etiological diagnosis of CNS diseases in these patients is overriding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"113 4","pages":"Article 117063"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144851796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}