Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease最新文献

{"title":"Clinical application of time-of-flight mass spectrometry nucleic acid detection technology in diagnosis of drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis","authors":"Hong-mei Shi ,&nbsp;Zi-kang Wang ,&nbsp;Han Wu ,&nbsp;Jian-kang Li ,&nbsp;Yan-yan Mo ,&nbsp;Xin Liu ,&nbsp;Chang Zhao ,&nbsp;Jiang Du ,&nbsp;Rui-xia Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116686","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116686","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aims to evaluate the clinical diagnostic value of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) for tuberculosis and drug-resistant tuberculosis.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>Totally 201 pulmonary tuberculosis patients were recruited retrospectively. All patients underwent smear microscopy, Mycobacterium growth indicator tube (MGIT) 960 culture, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) molecular testing, Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert), and MassARRAY assay which is a MALDI-TOF MS based method.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the enrolled patients, 28.36 %, 43.78 %, 47.26 %, 64.68 %, and 85.57 % tested positive by smear, culture, LAMP, Xpert, and MALDI-TOF MS, respectively. MALDI-TOF MS had significantly higher detection rates than the other methods (All <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). In the 88 culture-positive patients, the positive detection rates for smear, LAMP, Xpert, and MALDI-TOF MS were 43.2 %, 68.2 %, 85.2 %, and 94.3 %, respectively; In 113 culture-negative cases, the positive rates for the above tests were 16.8 %, 31.0 %, 48.7 %, and 78.8 %, respectively. Among the 130 Xpert-positive cases, the positive rates for smear, culture, LAMP, and MALDI-TOF MS were 40.77 %, 57.7 %, 70.77 %, and 98.46 %, respectively; In the 71 Xpert-negative cases, the positive rates for above tests were 5.6 %, 18.3 %, 4.2 %, and 62.0 %, respectively. In the 61 rifampicin-resistant cases, the successful detection rate of MALDI-TOF MS (96.72 %) was significantly higher than that of Xpert (81.97 %) (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The concordance between MALDI-TOF MS and pDST for detecting resistance to 11 anti-tuberculosis drugs ranged from 83.0 % to 98.9 %.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Nucleic acid detection technology using time-of-flight mass spectrometry provides a powerful tool for the rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis and drug-resistant tuberculosis, with advantages of high sensitivity and reliability, warranting further promotion and application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 3","pages":"Article 116686"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143001929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptive approach to diagnosis of amebic liver abscess in non-endemic areas","authors":"Jeffrey Spiro ,&nbsp;Paul C. F Graf ,&nbsp;Derek Larson","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116681","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116681","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Entamoeba histolytica</em> infections range from asymptomatic intestinal amebiasis to more severe syndromes like invasive colitis or hepatic abscess. While diagnostic tests available for assessing these infections have evolved, the optimal use of newer diagnostics like enteric multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) panels has not been fully established. Here we describe the case of a 34-year-old male with an amebic liver abscess (ALA) that was diagnosed via multiplex Gastrointestinal (GI) PCR panel on formed stool and subsequently confirmed by testing liver abscess fluid (off-label) on the same multiplex GI PCR panel leading to rapid diagnosis and targeted treatment modification with excellent outcome. In <em>E. histolytica</em> non-endemic regions the likelihood of incidental luminal amebiasis is low, so identification of the parasite by stool PCR on a multiplex GI PCR panel in the setting of an undifferentiated hepatic abscess should be highly predictive of ALA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 3","pages":"Article 116681"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143028355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vibrio cholerae bacteraemia: A case report on an unusual presentation","authors":"Vinitha Alex ,&nbsp;Mahavishnu Moodley","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116685","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116685","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Infections by non-O1/non-O139 serogroups of <em>Vibrio cholerae</em> (NOVC) are increasing worldwide. Infected patients usually display self-limiting diarrhoea or external ear and wound infections. We present a rare case of bacteraemia secondary to NOVC infection. A 39-year-old male presented with acute onset of dyspnoea, chest pain, vomiting, diarrhoea and chronic bipedal oedema. He was hypoxic, acidotic, tachypnoeic, displayed tachycardia and an altered level of consciousness. The patient was assessed to be in congestive cardiac failure with acute gastroenteritis and hypoglycaemia, and was started on empiric co–amoxiclav. The blood culture flagged positive with <em>Vibrio cholerae</em> which was toxin negative and typed as NOVC. Unfortunately, the patient deteriorated in the emergency department and demised despite resuscitation efforts. This case demonstrates the possible severity of NOVC bacteraemia and its associated mortality, highlights the need for identification of potential risk factors and emphasizes the importance of sending appropriately collected samples for laboratory testing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 3","pages":"Article 116685"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143001937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensitive and specific LAMP and multiplex qRT-PCR assays for detection of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae","authors":"Yinsheng Cai ,&nbsp;Weiqi Wang ,&nbsp;Huanlin Liang ,&nbsp;Qundi Huang ,&nbsp;Jianhuan Qin ,&nbsp;Zhusheng Guo ,&nbsp;Fei Lv","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116684","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116684","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hypervirulent <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> (hvKP) pose significant challenges to clinical anti-infective treatment and has emerged as a major threat to global public health. In this study, we employed the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays with OTG (orange to green) visual dye and multiplex quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assay to rapidly detect hvKP. We determined the detection limits of the LAMP methods for K<em>. pneumoniae, iroB</em>, and <em>iucA</em> genes and the qRT-PCR assay for <em>iroB, iucA, rmpA</em> and <em>rmpA2</em>. Additionally, we assessed the sensitivity and specificity (both over 95 %) of the LAMP and qRT-PCR methods. The LAMP and qRT-PCR methods established in this study have been proven to be simpler and more reliable than traditional PCR methods, making them an improved choice for laboratory diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 3","pages":"Article 116684"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143001935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrent relapsing remitting Serratia marcescens infective endocarditis in a former drug-using patient","authors":"Monique Boukobza ,&nbsp;Richard Raffoul ,&nbsp;Jean-Pierre Laissy","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116682","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116682","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Unusual course of <em>Serratia marcescens</em> (SM) infectious endocarditis (IE) and literature review (2016-2024; 26 cases).</div><div>A 44-year-old man, with chronic venous ulcers, presented 21/2 years after a MSSA tricuspid valve IE, a tricuspid and aortic valves SM IE . After 6 weeks of antibiotherapy (meropenem i.v., 2 g/6 h), he presented a relapse (same sensitivity pattern), complicated by tibio-peroneal trunk aneurysm. He underwent a biological tricuspid valve replacement.</div><div>Fifteen months later, he presented a recurrent SM IE, (same sensitivity pattern), complicated by a popliteal artery aneurysm. An aortic-tricuspid bioprosthetic valve replacement was performed. At one-year, there was no sign infection<em>.</em></div><div>The occurrence of both relapsing and recurrence, and of infectious aneurysms in SM IE are highlighted. However, these findings must be interpreted with caution, due to the lack of molecular typing.</div><div>Literature shows that a regimen combining a beta-lactam and either fluoroquinolone or an aminoglycoside seems to warrant a less mortality rate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 3","pages":"Article 116682"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143001933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of antibacterial and antifungal activities of a commercially available herbal mouthwash in accordance with the PN-EN 1040 and EN 1650 standards","authors":"Ram Sabarish ,&nbsp;Raja Lakshmi. A ,&nbsp;Reshma Achu Joseph ,&nbsp;Kennedy Kumar Palraj ,&nbsp;Prema Malini Thayanidhi ,&nbsp;Muthukumar Santhanakrishnan","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116680","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116680","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Periodontitis is complex microbial plaque induced condition. In this study, HiOra herbal mouthwash widely marketed in India, achieved a 5-log reduction in standard fungi and bacterial strains within 60 min. Thereby demonstrating antibacterial and antifungal activity similar to chlorhexidine and accordance with the PN EN 1040 and EN 1650 standards.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 3","pages":"Article 116680"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142977904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluconazole-induced changes in azole resistance and biofilm production in Candida glabrata in vitro","authors":"Cuiping Xia ,&nbsp;Ruonan Liu ,&nbsp;Shujing Zhang ,&nbsp;Jilu Shen ,&nbsp;Zhongxin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116683","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116683","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Currently, the molecular mechanisms of azole resistance in <em>C. glabrata</em> are unresolved. This study aims to detect azole resistance of <em>C. glabrata</em> after exposure to fluconazole (Diflucan) <em>in vitro</em>. After 50 days of induction, the five susceptible isolates of <em>C. glabrata</em> demonstrated cross-resistance to azoles (fluconazole (Diflucan), voriconazole and itraconazole). Mutations in <em>PDR1</em> or <em>ERG11</em> genes are key nodes in azole resistance of <em>C. glabrata</em>. DNA-Sequencing revealed three(3/5) fluconazole (Diflucan)-resistant isolates had undergone missense mutations (R376Q, R772K, E1083K in <em>PDR1</em> and F135L in <em>ERG11</em>), all of which were newly discovered and previously unreported. mRNA expression of resistant genes in five resistant isolated was elevated, with <em>CDR1</em> being the most prominent. Analysis using flow cytometry revealed that resistant strains showed decreased R6G uptake and increased efflux efficiency, but no obvious significance difference in biofilm production. <em>C. glabrata</em> acquires azole cross-resistance upon continuous exposed to fluconazole (Diflucan) and could remain resistant without antifungal agents. The development of azole resistance in <em>C. glabrata</em> has been linked to genes associated with efflux pump transporters and the ergosterol synthesis pathway. However, the relationship between resistance and newly discovered missense mutation sites requires further investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 3","pages":"Article 116683"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143064434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous detection of dengue virus serotypes in a dual-serotype-detection nucleic acid based lateral flow assay","authors":"Biswadeep Das ,&nbsp;Sagnika Samal ,&nbsp;Hamida Hamdi ,&nbsp;Manoj Kumar Dash ,&nbsp;Gyanraj Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116679","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116679","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dengue virus (DENV) is an important arthropod-borne viral disease, with four antigenically and genetically diverse serotypes (DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4). Timely and accurate diagnosis of dengue virus serotypes is crucial for the management of outbreaks. This study focussed on the development of a RT-PCR based lateral flow strip assay to detect DENV serotypes in a dual detection manner without using gel electrophoresis. The assay uses anti-biotin/streptavidin colloidal gold conjugates with fluorescent/enzymatic tagged DENV serotype specific antibodies for the direct detection of DENV infected serum samples on a nitrocellulose membrane using biotin-BSA as control line. The detection limit of the assay was up to 10 copies of cDNA for DENV-1 and 100 copies for DENV-2, DENV-3, and DENV-4. In house evaluation of DENV LFIA demonstrated 100 % sensitivity in all the serotypes compared to conventional RT-PCR, 100 % specificity for DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, and 95 % specificity for DENV-4 detection. DENV serotyping was assessed in a dual detection manner (DENV-1/DENV-3 and DENV-2/DENV-4 at two test lines) on the strip. The limitation of the assay is the requirement of PCR for initial amplification and confirmation of individual serotype in case of DENV-1/DENV-3 and DENV-2/DENV-4 detection, besides the field evaluation of the assay detected DENV-2 and DENV-3 serotypes, and no other serotype was detected in line with RT-PCR findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 3","pages":"Article 116679"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142970012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nomogram and randomized survival forest model for predicting sepsis risk in patients with cerebral infarction in the intensive care unit","authors":"Haofuzi Zhang ,&nbsp;Kangyi Yue ,&nbsp;Yutong Wang ,&nbsp;Lu Hao ,&nbsp;Xiaofan Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116678","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2025.116678","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>To construct a nomogram and a Randomized Survival Forest (RSF) model for predicting the occurrence of sepsis in patients with cerebral infarction in intensive care units (ICUs).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 1,963 patients were included from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database version 2.0 (MIMIC-IV v2.0). Screening features based on Cox regression and Lasso regression for nomogram and RSF modeling.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Patients were randomly split into a training set (1,374 cases) and a validation set (589 cases) at a ratio of 7:3. Risk factors in the nomogram model included atenolol, bicarbonate, calcium, clopidogrel, dipyridamole, heart failure, lymphocyte percent, midazolam, propofol, rhabdomyolysis, vancomycin, white blood cells, and antibiotics. In the training and validation sets, the nomogram predicted sepsis on the 3rd day of admission with an AUC of 0.798 and 0.765 and predicted sepsis on the 7th day with an AUC of 0.808 and 0.736, respectively. In the training and validation sets, the RSF model predicted sepsis on the 3rd day of admission with an AUC of 0.899 and 0.775 and predicted sepsis on the 7th day with an AUC of 0.913 and 0.768, respectively</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The two models can reliably predict the probability of sepsis in patients with cerebral infarction in the intensive care unit, which can help clinicians to assess the condition and provide timely medical interventions for patients. The RSF model has better performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 3","pages":"Article 116678"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142946506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The IR Biotyper as a tool for typing organisms of significance for hospital epidemiology- A subject review","authors":"Esraa Al-Fraihat ,&nbsp;Kevin R. Barker ,&nbsp;Manal Tadros","doi":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116676","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116676","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The IR Biotyper is a novel real-time typing tool, based on a Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy system. It has emerged as a promising method for the strain typing of various microorganisms and for the detection of their clonal spread within hospitals. In this review, we aim to present the applications and accuracy of the IR Biotyper in hospital epidemiology. Twenty-nine studies that evaluated the use of IR Biotyper for organism strain typeability and outbreak investigations within hospitals, were included in our review. Twenty studies assessed gram negative bacteria, seven studies assessed gram positive cocci, three studies assessed <em>Candida</em> spp., and one study assessed <em>Mycobacterium abscessus</em> complex (MABSC). A total of 3140 isolates were typed in the studies included in this review. The overall average accuracy of the IR Biotyper for typing of all organisms assessed was 84 % (SD: 22, 95 % CI: 83-85). Higher accuracy was achieved among glucose non-fermenting gram negative bacilli (93 %, SD: 12, 95 % CI: 93-94), followed by gram positive cocci (84 %, SD: 10, 95 % CI: 83-84), Enterobacterales (78 %, SD: 20, 95 % CI: 76-80), and <em>Candida</em> spp (56 %, SD: 26, 95 % CI: 52-60). Summary: The IR Biotyper may be a promising strain typing tool with useful utility within hospital settings. The tool provided microbial strain discrimination at an effective turnaround time, with comparable accuracy as genome-based methods for most organisms assessed in this review. Further research is necessary for the confirmation of these findings and for the evaluation of its use for other organisms of significance to hospital epidemiology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11329,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease","volume":"111 3","pages":"Article 116676"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142930930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}