Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy最新文献

{"title":"TRIB3 Is a Hub Gene in Steatohepatitis and Aggravates Lipid Deposition and Inflammation in Hepatocytes.","authors":"Wen Xia, Li Xiao, Huan Cheng, Yuwei Feng","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S486377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S486377","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), also known as Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MASLD), has become one of the most common chronic liver diseases worldwide, approximately 30% of adults and 70%~80% of patients with obesity and diabetes suffer from NAFLD.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We attempted to find a potential hub gene in NAFLD hepatocyte cell model induced by palmitic acid and oil acid (PAOA), and investigated the function of the hub-gene.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched and downloaded the GSE122660 dataset from GEO-DataSets, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed using R software. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed to identify the significantly activated signaling pathways in steatohepatitis. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed to identify hub genes among the DEGs. qRT-PCR, Western blotting, and Oil Red O staining were used to explore the function of hub genes in PAOA-induced hepatocytes in vitro.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 255 DEGs were identified in the GSE122660 dataset and were primarily associated with inflammation-and lipid metabolism-related pathways. The tribbles pseudokinase 3 (TRIB3) was highlighted as a hub gene. We found that TRIB3 was upregulated in CDHFDinduced NAFLD mouse liver tissue and hepatocyte cell models. Furthermore, TRIB3 aggravated PAOA-induced lipid accumulation and inflammation in hepatocytes in vitro.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study identified TRIB3 as a hub gene for steatohepatitis and aggravated lipid accumulation and inflammation in vitro. Therefore, targeting TRIB3 could be a potential pharmacological strategy for NAFLD treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"1111-1124"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12009121/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144062696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progressive Weight Loss-Induced Remission of Insulin Resistance/Hyperinsulinemia and Improvements in Cardiovascular Risk Factors.","authors":"Mingxin Leng, Xiaoxuan Guo, Chongyang Wei, Yanju Zhang, Zhouhuiling Li, Xinying Gao, Dangmin Hou, Chunjun Li","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S501876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S501876","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hyperinsulinemia (HI) is a common endocrine metabolic disorder in obesity and is closely associated with cardiovascular disease.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aims to investigate the effects of progressive weight reduction on HI and cardiovascular risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled 68 patients with overweight or obesity. Body composition assessments, clinical indicator sampling and a 75g-oral glucose tolerance test were conducted at baseline and after 12-month weight loss to assess HI and insulin sensitivity. And the people were divided into four groups based on the percent of weight loss (<10%, ~20%, ~30%, >30%) to study the remission of HI and changes in body composition and cardiovascular risk factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 66 participants were studied at the end. Progressive weight loss significantly reduced plasma glucose and insulin (<i>P</i><0.001, <i>P _{for trend}</i> <0.001) and did not progressively reduce cardiovascular risk factors (<i>P _{for trend}</i> <0.001). The greater the percentage of weight loss, the greater the remission rate of insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia (<i>P _{for trend}</i> <0.001), which reaches 100% when weight loss exceeds 30%. After adjusting for factors such as age, gender, and medication usage, remission of HI was still associated with progressive weight loss.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>With progressive weight loss, people with overweight or obesity experienced further improvements in glycemic outcomes, body compositions, HI and insulin resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"1099-1110"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12009124/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143995072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Mitochondrial Metabolism Gene ECH1 Was Identified as a Novel Biomarker for Diabetic Nephropathy: Using Bioinformatics Analysis and Experimental Confirmation.","authors":"Yan Miao, Lei Yan, Huixia Cao, Xiaojing Jiao, Fengmin Shao","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S494644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S494644","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major cause of kidney failure, and its incidence is increasing worldwide. Existing studies have shown that mitochondrial dysfunction is potentially related to the pathogenesis of DN. This study aims to explore novel biomarkers related to mitochondrial metabolism that may affect the diagnosis and treatment of DN.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and MitoCarta3.0 database were used to download the DN datasets and mitochondrial metabolism-related genes (MRGs), respectively. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using the \"limma\" R package, and their functional analysis was performed through Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Important gene modules were identified by weighted gene Coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) clustering. Next, we obtained key genes by intersecting DEGs, important gene modules and MRGs. The ROC curve was employed to assess the sensitivity and specificity of the diagnostic indicators for DN. Finally, the expression of key genes was assessed in the in vitro DN model and the mechanisms of key gene were investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 343 DEGs were identified, with functional analysis revealing a primary focus on metabolic biological processes. A sum of 752 important module genes was ascertained. PDK4, ECH1, and ETFB were selected as key genes. Then, the expression level and specificity of key genes were verified by the GSE104954 dataset, which confirmed the high diagnostic value of PDK4 and ECH1 (AUC>0.9). Finally, the q-PCR, flow cytometry, and Western blot results indicated that key genes were significantly decreased in high glucose induced HK-2 cells. ECH1 could promote fatty acid oxidation and inhibit cell apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identified biomarkers related to mitochondrial metabolism in DN, providing new insights and directions for the diagnosis and treatment of DN.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"1087-1098"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11995922/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143984966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetic Kidney Disease: Disease Progression Driven by Positive Feedback Loops and Therapeutic Strategies Targeting Pathogenic Pathways.","authors":"Gaozhi P Mo, Yao Zhu, Yue You, Hui Chen, Jiahao Zhang, Bunhav Ku, Haichuan Yu, Zhiyong Peng","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S513080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S513080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a major complication of diabetes mellitus, with its pathogenesis intricately regulated by dynamic feedback mechanisms. This comprehensive review systematically analyzes the hierarchical feedback networks driving DKD progression, spanning from systemic interactions to molecular cross-talks. We reveal that self-amplifying positive feedback loops dominate the disease process, manifested through three key dimensions: (1) The systemic triad of hyperglycemia-hypertension-proteinuria establishes a vicious cycle accelerating renal dysfunction; (2) Cellular homeostasis collapse through cross-amplified cell death modalities (apoptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis) and cell cycle dysregulation; (3) Molecular cascades centered on AGE/RAGE signaling that fuel chronic inflammation and fibrotic transformation. Collectively, these form a major positive feedback loop where PKC activation, oxidative stress propagation, and TGF-β-mediated fibrosis induced by hyperglycemia lead to progressive renal deterioration and fibrosis. Therapeutically, we propose a dual intervention strategy targeting both the acute phase through AGE/RAGE axis inhibition, coupled with chronic phase via precision modulation of fibrotic pathways. These findings redefine DKD progression as a self-reinforcing network disorder, providing a roadmap for developing multi-target therapies that disrupt pathological feedback loops while preserving renal repair mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"1073-1085"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11994106/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143961687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations Between the Atherogenic Index of Plasma and Triglyceride-Glucose Index With Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction in Hypertensive Patients.","authors":"Xiaodong Cui, Mingyang Li, Anran Jing, Yan Zhang, Liuying Zheng, Ting Li, Tianxu Hao, Jiachun Lang, Zhihao Guo, Hongliang Cong, Yingyi Zhang","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S510851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S510851","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a reliable marker of insulin resistance, and the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) reflects atherosclerosis. However, the relationship between these biomarkers-particularly AIP-and coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) in hypertensive patients has not been systematically studied. This study investigates the association between TyG, AIP, and CMD in hypertensive individuals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 155 hypertensive patients with coronary anatomy confirmed by coronary angiography (CAG) or computed tomography angiography (CTA) within six months of SPECT imaging. CMD was diagnosed with a summed stress score (SSS) ≥4 and a summed difference score (SDS) ≥2. Patients were stratified into tertiles by TyG index and AIP. Logistic regression, adjusted for traditional cardiovascular risk factors, was used to explore the relationship with CMD. The predictive value of TyG and AIP was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA) evaluated their clinical benefit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Logistic regression revealed that both TyG and AIP were independently associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) (P<0.05 for both). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for TyG, AIP, and their combined predictive capacity for CMD was 0.744, 0.707, and 0.748, respectively (P<0.001 for all). The optimal cutoff values for TyG and AIP were 7.012 and 0.5175, respectively. Combining both biomarkers enhanced clinical decision-making and patient benefit.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher levels of TyG and AIP are significantly associated with an increased risk of CMD in hypertensive patients. Both biomarkers exhibit strong predictive value, with AIP showing greater specificity and TyG higher sensitivity. Their combined use can improve clinical decision-making and patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"1061-1072"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11992995/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143973392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuropad Assessment of Sudomotor Function Across Glycemic Levels in Adults.","authors":"Qianzhu Wang, Zheng Yang, Subei Zhao, Chunyan Tian, Ping Zhang, Rong Li","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S507586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S507586","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the impact of metabolic indicators on plantar sudomotor function and to explore the relationships between metabolic and non-metabolic indicators and sudomotor function in a physical examination cohort using Neuropad.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, 481 participants were randomly enrolled. Sudomotor function was evaluated using Neuropad and a handheld color analyzer for both qualitative (visual Neuropad) and quantitative (quantitative Neuropad) analyses. The slope (Slope[1-10]) was used as a quantitative measure of sudomotor function.</p><p><p>Additional data included age, BMI (body mass index), FPG (fasting plasma glucose), HbA1c (hemoglobin A1c), blood pressure, lipid levels, and liver and kidney function. Participants were categorized into four blood glucose groups: normoglycemia (FPG <6.1 mmol/L and HbA1c <6%), prediabetes (FPG 6.1-6.9 mmol/L or HbA1c 6.0-6.4%), newly diagnosed diabetes (FPG ≥7.0 mmol/L or HbA1c ≥6.5% with no prior diagnosis, diabetes was diagnosed on the day of the physical examination), and previously diagnosed diabetes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>(1) The previously diagnosed diabetes group presented a lower slope than the normoglycemia group (6.96 vs 8.73) and a greater rate of incomplete color change (71.11% vs 49.01%). With increasing FPG and HbA1c levels, the 10-minute slope decreased progressively (<i>P</i> =0.003, <i>P</i>=0.006). (2) A multivariable linear mixed-effects model adjusted for confounders indicated that previously diagnosed diabetes was an independent predictor of reduced sudomotor function. (3) Adjusting for the same confounders, previously diagnosed diabetes was associated with a 3.480-fold greater risk of incomplete color change than was normoglycemia (OR = 3.480, 95% CI = 1.506-8.042). (4) Age, BMI, ALB, eGFR, and alcohol consumption history were closely associated with sudomotor function.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a progressive decline in sudomotor function with increasing blood glucose levels in a physical examination cohort, and previously diagnosed diabetes emerges as an independent risk factor for sudomotor dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"1047-1060"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11992999/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-Linear Relationship Between Fasting C-Peptide and Retinopathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus - A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Jicai Ma, Cong Han, Yuanyuan Lv, Hanqing Cai","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S501361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S501361","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous research has demonstrated that fasting C-peptide (FCP) serves as a protective element against diabetic retinopathy. But the protective effect of elevated FCP levels against diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains uncertain when these levels exceed specific thresholds. This research aimed to investigate the intrinsic link between FCP concentration and DR in individuals with T2DM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 1661 individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes participated in this observational analysis, where DR was assessed as the primary outcome and categorized according to FCP levels. Curve fitting analysis and two-part linear regression models were applied to assess the relationship between DR and FCP, and exploratory analysis was conducted to identify the threshold.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study found a non-linear relationship between the two, as well as a threshold effect at an FCP of 4.11 ng/mL. Below the critical value, each 1 ng/mL increase in FCP levels was associated with a 24% lower risk of DR (OR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.64-0.86). Above the cutoff, the relationship did not reach statistical significance (OR: 1.52, 95% CI: 0.87-2.66).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was a nonlinear relationship between FCP level and DR risk, which was negatively correlated at first but stabilized at a lower level when FCP>4.11 ng/mL.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"1035-1045"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11988194/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143969318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Conventional and Unconventional Lipid Profiles with Visceral Fat Area in Overweight/Obese Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.","authors":"Xuan Ma, Xinghe Jiang, Guanqi Gao, Bo Ban, Jie Sheng, Shuwei Shi, Hongyan Zhao, Baolan Ji","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S506490","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S506490","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several lipid metabolism-related profiles have been explored for their association with obesity, but no consensus has been reached. Therefore, this study aimed to comprehensively analyze the correlation between conventional and unconventional lipid profiles and visceral fat area (VFA) in overweight/obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Emphasizing the overall relationship between lipid metabolism and visceral fat accumulation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 1288 overweight/obese T2DM patients, with VFA measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis and visceral fat obesity (VFO) was defined as VFA ≥ 100 cm². Both conventional lipid profiles include total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and lipoprotein(a), and unconventional lipid profiles include lipid composite index (LCI), platelet/ HDL-c ratio (PHR), remnant cholesterol (RC), TG/HDL-c, Castelli Risk Index I (CRI-I), Castelli Risk Index II (CRI-II), Non-HDL-c, atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) and atherogenic coefficient (AC) were analyzed. The study population was divided into non-VFO and VFO groups, The relationship between conventional and unconventional lipid profiles and VFO was evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to the non-VFO group, the VFO group exhibited significantly higher levels of TG, lipoprotein(a), LCI, RC, TG/HDL-c, CRI-I, CRI-II, AIP, and AC (all P < 0.05). Univariate analysis revealed that RC, TG, LCI, TG/HDL-c, CRI-I, CRI-II, AIP, and AC were positively correlated with VFA and VFO, while HDL-c and lipoprotein(a) were negatively correlated (all P < 0.05). Logistic regression identified RC as an independent risk factor for VFO (OR: 1.667, 95% CI: 1.216-2.285, P = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among lipid profiles, RC is independently and significantly associated with VFO, underscoring its role in lipid metabolism and abdominal obesity management, especially in overweight/obese T2DM patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"1025-1034"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11977559/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143810754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diet and Physical Activity Intervention in Normal Weight Obesity Population Base on Smartphone App: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Guoqiang Liu, Kun Yang, Chen Wang, Jin Yang","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S505820","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S505820","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Normal weight obesity (NWO) is defined as normal body mass index (BMI) but increased body fat percentage (BF%). NWO population tend to develop metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. BF% is the key parameter applied in the evaluation of NWO. The exact prevalence of NWO and the cutoff point for the diagnosis of NWO are not well established. Diet and physical activity interventions are the main approach for NWO management. Smartphone apps are widely used for their effectiveness and individualization, making them ideal tool for simplifying the follow-up process in behavioral interventions for both investigators and participants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A single center, prospective, randomized trial will be conducted in Beijing, China. The aim of this 12-week trial is to assess the efficacy of different lifestyle interventions, including diet control only, aerobic training only, resistance training only, and a combination of aerobic and resistance training based on a smartphone app on BF% and metabolic parameters in the NWO population. The primary outcome is the change of BF% between the baseline and 12 weeks post-intervention. The secondary outcomes include changes in measures of anthropometry, blood glucose, insulin, lipids and uric acid between the baseline and 12 weeks of intervention. A sample size of 200 subjects with normal BMI and glucose abnormality confirmed by oral glucose tolerance test will be recruited. Two follow-ups face-to-face and five follow-ups via smartphone app will be included in this trial. Statistical analyses will focus on the differences among different lifestyle interventions and the cutoff point of BF% for diagnosis of NWO.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This trial will provide evidence of the efficacy of lifestyle interventions based on smartphone app. The differences in effect among different lifestyle intervention groups will be elucidated. It will be helpful to propose the cutoff point of BF% for diagnosis of NWO.</p><p><strong>Trial registration number: </strong>This study was registered with chictr.org.cn: ChiCTR2200063583.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"1005-1013"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11974552/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143802716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Diacylglycerol Oil on Overweight or Obese Patients with Diabetes or Prediabetes: a Single-Arm Trial.","authors":"Biying Zhong, Yining Ding, Bingxin Wu, Guiyu Li, Jinhai Lin, Luoqi Lin, Miaoyang Lin, Zhiwei Huang, Yonghua Wang, Danping Xu","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S491740","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S491740","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The annual incidence of overweight or obesity and abnormally elevated blood glucose levels in China is increasing. According to research, diacylglycerol oil offers effective lipid-lowering and weight-loss properties. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of diacylglycerol oil on overweight and obese patients with unusually high blood glucose levels.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a single-arm trial. A total of 75 overweight or obese subjects with abnormally elevated blood glucose levels were included in this study. Subjects were requested to use diacylglycerol oil to cook food daily for two months and to maintain their daily eating habits and drug treatment regimen. Study-related parameters were assessed, respectively, during the screening period, one month, and two months following DAG oil consumed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fasting blood glucose (FBG), body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and hip circumference decreased compared with baseline after consuming diacylglycerol oil for two months. FBG and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc) levels decreased in prediabetic subjects (FBG decreased at visit 2 months: -0.31 mmol/l; at visit 1 month: -0.28 mmol/l; HbAlc decreased at visit 2: -0.10%; <i>P</i> < 0.05), but there were no significant difference changes in diabetic subjects. In diabetic participants, triglyceride (TAG) levels reduced by 0.17 mmol/l, whereas in prediabetic subjects, total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels decreased by 0.27 mmol/l and 0.28 mmol/l, respectively (<i>P</i> < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the changes in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and uric acid (UA) between two groups. Compared to baseline, diabetic participants' body weight, BMI, and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) dropped by 0.54 kg, 0.20, and 0.01 kg, respectively (P < 0.05). And prediabetic participants' BMI, waist circumference, and hip circumference dropped by 0.43, 1.43, and 1.53 cm, respectively (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Diacylglycerol oil may help to prevent diabetes and delays its progression in overweight or obese patients.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registry: </strong>ChiCTR2000028888 at www.chictr.org.cn.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"1015-1024"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11974550/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143802717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}