Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Associations of Circadian and Metabolic Syndromes with Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes in Qatar: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Shahd Hamran, Omar Altrmanini, Mhd Osama Rahhal, Raneem Alsheikh, Iman Amro, Giridhara Rathnaiah Babu, Muhammad Naseem Khan, Habib Hasan Farooqui, Tawanda Chivese, Salma M Khaled","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S503143","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S503143","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). A combination of MetS with Circadian rhythm disorder (CRD) may be a stronger risk factor for CVDs than MetS alone. We conducted a nationally representative cross-sectional study to compare the associations of CRD and MetS with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and CVDs in Qatar.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sociodemographic and health information were collected. MetS status was determined based on standard international criteria. CRD was defined based on either i) short sleep duration (≤ 6 hours per night) and MetS or (ii) short sleep duration, self-reported depression (or PHQ-2 score ≥ 3) and two components of MetS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2523 respondents completed the interview, with a mean age of 37.1 years (SD = 11.2), women (n=637, 27.3%), and Qataris (n=754, 32.3%). The overall prevalence of MetS and CRD was 6.8% (95% CI: 5.4-8.5) and 2.4% (95% CI: 1.7-3.4), respectively; MetS was more prevalent in men (7.0%) compared to women (5.8%); the opposite was true for CRD (women 4.4% vs men 2.4%). Older age was a predictor of both MetS and CRD. Compared to Qataris, blue-collar expatriates had lower odds of MetS (OR = 0.32, 95% CI 0.23-0.58) and CRD (OR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.20-1.05). Current married status was positively associated with MetS, but not CRD. Both MetS (OR=19.08, 95% CI: 10.87-33.50) and CRD (OR=10.32, 95% CI: 4.60-23.17) were strongly associated with T2DM. Similarly, MetS (OR = 5.51, 95% CI: 2.33-13.03) and CRD (OR = 2.01, 95% CI: 0.92-4.42) were associated with CVDs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MetS showed potentially stronger associations than CRD with T2DM and CVDs in Qatar. Further research is needed into the predictive utility of CRD compared with MetS for these outcomes in different populations including the Middle East.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"3259-3269"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12417713/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145039479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Value of Serum miR-17-5p in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Predictive Value for Chronic Complications.","authors":"Ping Gu, Dan Yu, Yu Zhang, Xiaoying Chai","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S542183","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S542183","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to explore the clinical significance of miR-17-5p in T2DM and its chronic complications.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A total of 100 patients with T2DM and 90 healthy controls were included. The expression of miR-17-5p was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. A receiver operating characteristic curve was plotted to evaluate the diagnostic value of miR-17-5p for T2DM. Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between miR-17-5p and blood glucose indicators in T2DM patients. The Kaplan-Meier curve and multivariate Cox regression analysis were employed to analyze the factors influencing chronic complications. Liposome-mediated transfection technology was used to transfect miR-17-5p mimics and inhibitors into endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) respectively, to achieve overexpression and knockdown of miR-17-5p in cells. On this basis, we further investigate the potential molecular mechanism by which miR-17-5p is involved in the occurrence and development of chronic complications inT2DM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Serum miR-17-5p was significantly downregulated in T2DM patients (vs healthy controls, P<0.001). The AUC for distinguishing T2DM patients from healthy individuals was 0.932. The expression of this miRNA was significantly negatively correlated with FBG (r=-0.718) and HbA1c (r=-0.695) (P<0.001). Follow-up showed that low expression of miR-17-5p was closely associated with T2DM chronic complications (complication group vs non-complication group, P<0.001), with an AUC of 0.866 for distinguishing the presence from the absence of complications. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that individuals with low miR-17-5p expression had a higher risk of complications (Log-rank P=0.009). Mechanistically, miR-17-5p targets FBXO48 and affects the functions of EPCs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The expression of miR-17-5p is reduced in T2DM. It influences the functions of EPCs by targeting <i>FBXO48</i>, and may be involved in the occurrence and development of chronic complications of T2DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"3237-3247"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12417209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145039515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Varying Psychological Stress Among Rwandan Patients with Chronic Diseases.","authors":"Abdullateef Isiaka Alagbonsi, Clothilde Manishimwe, Muhirwa Serge, Divine Aimee Agahozo, Shema Tito","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S539308","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S539308","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While psychological stress cannot be dissociated from chronic diseases, the extent to which it impacts the management of chronic diseases is poorly understood. This cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence and impact of psychological stress among Rwandan patients with chronic diseases, particularly hypertension, heart failure, malignancies, diabetes, and kidney failure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted among internal medicine patients receiving treatment for chronic diseases at the University Teaching Hospital of Kigali (n = 81) and the University Teaching Hospital of Butare (CHUB) (n = 78) between May 1 and June 30, 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a very high prevalence of psychological stress (91.8%) among Rwandan patients with various forms of chronic diseases. Despite the regular monitoring of their disease progression by their healthcare providers (92.4%) and compliance with their medication (89.9%) and dietary (89.3%) regimens, many of them still experienced frequent complications (96.8%) and worsening outcomes (95.5%), though there was an improvement in symptoms (94.3%). Furthermore, there was a weak relationship <i>(r = 0.210, ρ = 0.000)</i> between the severity of psychological stress experienced by patients with chronic diseases and their treatment outcomes. Finally, patients with heart failure (<i>p</i><0.001), hypertension (<i>p</i><0.001), diabetes (<i>p</i><0.001), and malignancies (<i>p</i><0.001) experienced higher levels of psychological stress.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hypertension, heart failure, malignancies, and diabetes, but not kidney failure, predict psychological stress among Rwandan patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"3249-3258"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12416381/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145029346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Outcomes and Complications of Basal, Bolus, and Combination Insulin Regimens in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Evidence from Published Case Reports.","authors":"Ramdhani M Natsir, Eli Halimah, Ajeng Diantini, Jutti Levita","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S545571","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S545571","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Insulin therapy remains a cornerstone in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), especially in patients experiencing progressive loss of pancreatic beta-cell function or those with inadequate glycemic control despite oral antidiabetic therapy. This review synthesized clinical outcomes from 44 peer-reviewed case reports published between 2019 and 2024, identified through systematic searches in PubMed and Scopus. The included cases involved 15 males and 29 females, with patient ages ranging from 11 to 91 years (mean 53 ± 20.85 years). Subcutaneous insulin was the most frequently used route of administration, while intravenous insulin was reserved for managing acute complications. The most commonly reported complication was diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), especially in patients with delayed insulin initiation or in those receiving sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, a class of oral glucose-lowering agents, one of whose side effects is known to elevate the risk of euglycemic DKA. Other triggers included COVID-19 infection and severe insulin resistance. Most patients received basal insulin regimens, whereas basal-bolus combinations were preferred in more complex or unstable cases. Insulin was frequently combined with oral agents, such as metformin, dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, or sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, reflecting a trend toward individualized treatment strategies. Biomarkers such as glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were routinely used to monitor glycemic control and systemic inflammation. These findings underscore the clinical importance of early insulin initiation, continuous monitoring, and personalized regimens to improve outcomes in advanced or complicated T2DM. Emerging therapies, such as once-weekly basal insulin formulations, show promise for enhancing adherence and glucose stability, although further research is needed to evaluate their long-term effectiveness and cost-efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"3215-3236"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415096/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145029316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic Impact of Glycaemic Control and Coronary Stenosis Severity on Long-Term Prognosis in Diabetes with Chronic Coronary Syndrome: A Ten-Year Retrospective Study.","authors":"Weiguo Chen, Pan Chang, Qiuhe Wang, Xiaona Niu, Yan Li","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S528159","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S528159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This 10-year study aimed to evaluate how glycaemic control, diabetes duration and coronary stenosis severity affect mortality in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to perform multifactorial risk analysis to find key modifiable factors for better risk stratification and secondary prevention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study involved 150 patients with T2DM with chronic coronary syndrome who had coronary angiography at a single centre between 2011 and 2012. Demographic and biochemical data were collected. Patients were divided into intensified and relaxed control groups based on glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels (≤7.5% and >7.5%). The Gensini score was used to assess coronary angiography results. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to find risk factors. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare glycaemic control incidence in subgroups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median diabetes duration was 2.0 years. Adjusted hazard ratios (95% CI) for all-cause mortality were 1.10 (1.06-1.15) for age, 1.29 (1.12-1.48) for HbA1c, 1.06 (1.02-1.10) for diabetic duration and 1.02 (1.01-1.02) for Gensini score. For cardiovascular mortality, the ratios were 1.10 (1.05-1.15) for age, 1.36 (1.16-1.58) for HbA1c, 1.06 (1.00-1.10) for diabetic duration, 1.12 (1.04-1.23) for direct bilirubin, 0.89 (0.83-0.95) for serum total protein and 1.02 (1.01-1.03) for Gensini score. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed higher cardiovascular mortality in patients with HbA1c >7.5% and diabetic duration >10 years (<i>p</i> = 0.0004).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>When deciding on glycaemic control, individual frailty, life expectancy, diabetes duration and coronary stenosis should be considered. This study combines diabetes duration, Gensini-scored coronary stenosis severity and glycaemic control into a prognostic model, providing a new framework for personalised risk stratification in patients with T2DM with stable CAD.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"3191-3201"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12414464/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145023061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Proteasome 26S Subunit, Non-ATPase 3 Methylation and Insulin β Cell Apoptosis in Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus.","authors":"Guiping Huang, Guodong He, Shaoxian Chen, Liping Mai","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S545426","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S545426","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The methylation of <i>PSMD3</i> and its influence on protein stability and degradation could play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), although the underlying molecular mechanisms are not yet fully understood. This study investigates the molecular and bioinformatic features of <i>PSMD3</i> methylation in T2DM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Bioinformatics analyses were conducted on the T2DM database chip. A model of T2DM was established in rat RIN-m5F cells induced by high glucose (HG) concentration. The function of the <i>PSMD3</i> gene in T2DM was examined through its overexpression. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of <i>PSMD3</i> and USP14 proteins. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell apoptosis and proliferation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Methylation of <i>PSMD3</i> was upregulated in the T2DM tissue microarray data and associated with USP14. <i>PSMD3</i> overexpression reduced apoptosis and enhanced proliferation in HG-treated RIN-m5F cells. In HG-treated RIN-m5F cells, <i>PSMD3</i> was linked to USP14 inactivation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>PSMD3</i> methylation might potentially influences cell apoptosis and proliferation in T2DM development which might be associated with activating USP14. This study offers an in-depth examination of <i>PSMD3</i> methylation's molecular and bioinformatic traits in T2DM, advancing our comprehension of the molecular mechanisms leading to T2DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"3203-3214"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415107/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145029367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research Progress of Mitochondrial Dynamics and Autophagy in Diabetic Complications: New Treatment Strategies.","authors":"XiaoPei Wu, Ji Yang, JunDong He","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S541768","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S541768","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetes has emerged as a critical global health issue, with its associated complications posing a severe threat to patients' quality of life. Current research demonstrates that imbalance in mitochondrial dynamics and autophagic dysregulation play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications, particularly in diabetic cardiomyopathy, nephropathy, peripheral neuropathy and retinopathy. Strategic modulation of mitochondrial function and autophagic activity represents a promising therapeutic approach for managing diabetic complications. Furthermore, integrating mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy, we have outlined the application prospects of strategies related to diabetic complications, including mitochondrial fission inhibitors, autophagy inducers, and certain compounds extracted from traditional Chinese medicines, and incorporated new breakthroughs in mitochondrial imaging, omics, and artificial intelligence-based therapeutic prediction. This review systematically examines the intricate relationship between diabetic complications and dysregulations in mitochondrial dynamics and autophagic dysfunction, while elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms, and highlights the significance of mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy in diabetic complications. Imbalances in mitochondrial dynamics-whether abnormal fission or fusion-and autophagic dysregulation do not exist in isolation. A comprehensive understanding of the interplay between diabetic pathophysiology and the mitochondrial-autophagy axis may provide novel research perspectives for therapeutic development. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the literature to clarify the above content, using a narrative review approach. Future investigations should prioritize translational exploration to harness the clinical potential of these mechanistic insights, thereby advancing precision medicine strategies for the management of diabetic complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"3167-3180"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12413846/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145014078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic Syndrome Is Associated with the Prognosis in Elderly Critically Ill Patients with Acute Kidney Injury.","authors":"Xuelei Yu, Chenqiao Tang, Yuejun Hu","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S530090","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S530090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is linked to adverse outcomes in chronic diseases, but its impact on acute kidney injury (AKI) in elderly critically ill patients remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the association between MetS and 90-day mortality in this population.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis included 774 elderly patients (≥65 years) with AKI admitted to the ICU from January 2022 to December 2023. MetS was defined as the presence of at least three of the following: central obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and hyperglycemia. Propensity score matching (PSM) balanced baseline characteristics between MetS and non-MetS groups. The primary outcome was 90-day all-cause mortality, and the secondary outcome was renal recovery at discharge. Multivariate Cox regression assessed the independent association of MetS with 90-day mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After PSM, 294 patients (147 MetS and 147 non-MetS) were included. The MetS group had a significantly higher 90-day mortality rate compared to the non-MetS group (44.9% vs 31.3%, <i>p</i>=0.016). Multivariate analysis showed that MetS was independently associated with an increased risk of mortality (HR=1.606, 95% CI: 1.080-2.386; <i>p</i>=0.019). A dose-response relationship was observed, with increasing number of MetS components associated with higher mortality risk (HR=1.382, 95% CI: 1.121-1.831; <i>p</i>=0.001). Additionally, patients with MetS had lower rates of full renal recovery compared to those without (74.8% vs 86.4%, <i>p</i>=0.040).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MetS is independently associated with increased 90-day mortality and impaired renal recovery in elderly critically ill patients with AKI.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"3181-3190"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12415387/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145029379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on: \"Relative Effectiveness and Safety of the GLP-1 Receptor Agonists, Semaglutide and Liraglutide in the Treatment of Obese Type 2 Diabetics\" [Letter].","authors":"Huina Zhu, Haoyue Jin, Binru Wang","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S560523","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S560523","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"3149-3150"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12413826/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145014103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Brown Rice, Meal Replacements, and Anti-Obesity Drugs on Mitochondria in Obese Rats.","authors":"Dian Handayani, Anisa Handayani, Achmad Rudijanto, Puspita Nuraissa, Widya Rahmawati, Xu-Feng Huang","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S535983","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S535983","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Obesity remains a critical global health challenge, intricately linked to poor dietary quality, gut microbiota dysbiosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the comparative effects of brown rice, meal replacements, and thiazolidinediones on mitochondrial abundance and gut microbiota composition in a rat model of diet-induced obesity.</p><p><strong>Methods and materials: </strong>A total of twenty male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to five groups: control, high-fat high-fructose diet, and three intervention groups receiving the same obesogenic diet supplemented with brown rice, meal replacement, or thiazolidinediones for twelve weeks. Mitochondrial activity in white adipose tissue was quantified using fluorescent staining techniques, while gut microbiota composition was assessed by analyzing the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratio through quantitative PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences were observed in fiber intake and gut microbiota composition across groups (p < 0.001). The brown rice (BR) group exhibited the highest fiber intake (6.36 ± 1.01 g/day) and a favorable Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio (1.36 ± 0.09). Mitochondrial count was significantly higher in the meal replacement (MR) group (60 ± 4.08) compared to the HFHF group (30 ± 2.89; p < 0.001). These findings suggest that high-fiber dietary interventions may enhance mitochondrial biogenesis and improve gut microbial balance, providing metabolic benefits in diet-induced obese models.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings demonstrate that dietary fiber-rich interventions can modulate host metabolism through concurrent improvement of gut microbiota and mitochondrial function. Brown rice and meal replacements offer promising, non-pharmacological strategies for obesity management, while pharmacological agents such as thiazolidinediones may provide additive benefits through targeted mitochondrial enhancement. This study supports an integrated approach to metabolic health and underscores the significance of diet quality in the prevention and treatment of obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"3151-3165"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12413824/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145014137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}