Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Elevated Fasting C-Peptide Levels Correlate with Increased 10-Year Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Patients.","authors":"Xiao-Yun Zha, Chang-Shun Wei, Jia-Jia Dong, Jin-Zhi Wu, Liang-Xiao Xie, Ze-Hong Xu, Hua-Qiang Zheng, Duo-Bin Huang, Peng-Bin Lai","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S497309","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S497309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to analyze the impact of serum C-peptide levels in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2DM) on the 10-year risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A total of 1923 patients with newly diagnosed T2DM were selected and categorized into four groups based on the interquartile range of fasting C-peptide (FCP) levels: Q1 group (FCP≤0.568 ng/mL), Q2 group (0.568 < FCP≤0.751 ng/mL), Q3 group (0.751 < FCP≤0.980 ng/mL), and Q4 group (FCP > 0.980 ng/mL). Clinical data were collected, and the China-PAR model was employed to evaluate the risk score of ASCVD within 10 years. Additionally, the correlation between FCP levels and the risk of ASCVD was analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As the quartiles of FCP increased, the 10-year ASCVD risk exhibited a gradual increase. The risk score in the FCP > 0.980 ng/mL group was significantly higher than that in the other groups, with noted differences related to gender and weight. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that, even after adjusting for confounding factors such as gender, age, body mass index (BMI), and glycosylated hemoglobin, FCP levels remained a positive predictor of the 10-year ASCVD risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High FCP levels are identified as a risk factor for ASCVD within 10 years in patients with newly diagnosed T2DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"51-59"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11721329/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142970032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intermittent Use of Flash Glucose Monitoring Improves Glycemic Control in Chinese Older Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.","authors":"Yonghui Hu, Rengna Yan, Yun Shen, Huiqin Li, Jianhua Ma, Xiaofei Su","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S498620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S498620","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the efficacy and safety of intermittent use of flash glucose monitoring (FGM) for improving glycemic control in Chinese elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a prospective observational study involving patients with T2DM aged ≥60 years. The study period spans 12 weeks, with participants wearing FGM at weeks 0, 5, and 10. Participants were divided into two subgroups based on HbA1c at enrollment: < 7.0% and ≥7.0%. The primary outcome of the study was HbA1c level. Secondary outcomes included time in range (3.9-10mmol/L) (TIR), time below range (<3.9mmol/L) (TBR), time above range (>10.0mmol/L) (TAR), and glycemic variability (GV).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 68 patients completed the 12-week FGM follow-up (age 67.9 ± 5.2 years; BMI 25.4 ± 3.3kg/m²). Overall findings revealed that compared to baseline, HbA1c decreased from 7.81 ± 1.25% to 7.44±1.10% after 12 weeks of intermittent wearing of FGM (p <0.001). In the subgroup analysis with HbA1c ≥7.0%, the results showed a significant reduction in HbA1c of 0.51mmol/L after 12 weeks (8.36 ± 0.95% vs 7.75 ± 0.97%, p < 0.001). And there was a significant reduction in TBR in the subgroup with HbA1c < 7% (p = 0.028). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the baseline HbA1c (β = -0.529, P<0.001), duration of T2DM (β = 0.341, P = 0.001), and the frequency of sensor use (β = -0.269, P = 0.043) were associated with the reduction in HbA1c level.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Intermittent use of FGM is associated with an improvement in glycemic outcomes and reduces the risk of hypoglycemia in Chinese elderly patients with T2DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"18 ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11705963/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142946251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morin Ameliorates Myocardial Injury in Diabetic Rats via Modulation of Autophagy, Apoptosis, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress.","authors":"Liping Zhu, Jizhong He","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S476867","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S476867","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Morin is a flavonol with beneficial effects on diabetic-related injuries. However, the effect of morin on diabetic cardiomyopathy and its association with autophagy, apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress remains unclear. The current study aimed to reveal the mechanisms underlying morin-mediated protection against cardiac failure in diabetic rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Diabetic cardiomyopathy in albino Wistar rats was induced by streptozotocin (STZ). After treatment with a dose of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg/day orally for the next 60 days, autophagic (p62, LC3, and BECN1), apoptotic (BCL2, CASP-3, and CASP9), inflammatory (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α), and oxidative stress (CAT, SOD, and MDA) markers in protein and gene levels as well as cardiac function tests were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings revealed that long-term morin treatment improved weight gain, lipid and glycemic profile, hypertension, and cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in diabetic rats compared to controls (p-value<0.001). Moreover, the upregulation of BCL-2, LC3, and BECN1 along with the downregulation of p62, CASP-3, and CASP-9 revealed that morin suppressed apoptosis and promoted autophagy in the cardiac tissue of rats with diabetes (p-value<0.05). Additionally, the reduction in IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and MDA levels and the increment of SOD and CAT activity suggested that morin decreased inflammation and apoptosis in the heart of the rat models of diabetes (p-value<0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results may highlight the potential properties of morin as a therapeutic strategy for diabetic cardiomyopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"17 ","pages":"4867-4882"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11687097/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142914001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"sJAM-C as a Potential Biomarker for Coronary Artery Stenosis: Insights from a Clinical Study in Coronary Heart Disease Patients.","authors":"Di Wang, Lin Mao, Kun Li, Lu Wang, Yan Wang, Longyan Yang","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S478526","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S478526","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Coronary artery stenosis caused by atherogenesis is a major pathological link in coronary heart disease (CHD), which is a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. Junctional adhesion molecule C (JAM-C) presents more and more association with atherosclerosis. However, no studies have shown the relationship between soluble JAM-C (sJAM-C) and the degree of coronary artery stenosis. This study aimed to analyze the effect of sJAM-C on coronary artery stenosis and to verify whether sJAM-C could be a biomarker for coronary artery stenosis.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>The participants registered at the Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University in the cross-sectional study. A total of 121 patients without coronary stenosis and 408 patients with coronary artery stenosis were enrolled after matching age and sex. Demographic information, medication history, and laboratory data were collected. The level of serum sJAM-C was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. We used the logistic regression model to evaluate the association between sJAM-C and coronary artery stenosis. Furthermore, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the diagnostic value of sJAM-C on coronary artery stenosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The serum level of sJAM-C was remarkably higher in patients with coronary artery stenosis than those without stenosis (p < 0.0001). Logistic regression models showed that there were positive association between serum sJAM-C level and coronary artery stenosis after adjustment, with corresponding ORs were 3.088 (95% CI 1.922-4.960, p < 0.0001). And the ROC curve revealed a sensitivity of 65.7% and specificity of 60.3% with AUC of 0.676 (95% CI 0.622-0.730) for the diagnosis of coronary artery stenosis with serum sJAM-C at a cut-off value of 18.1 pg/mL, indicating a certain diagnostic value.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In summary, higher serum sJAM-C level was possibly associated with the more severe coronary artery stenosis. Additionally, sJAM-C demonstrates a certain diagnostic value of coronary artery stenosis. These findings suggest sJAM-C may be a biomarker for coronary artery stenosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"17 ","pages":"4857-4865"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11669540/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Significance of Serum Bile Acid Profiles in Fatty Liver.","authors":"Hao-Yue Sun, Le-Can Wu, Meng-Jie Xu, En-Dian Zheng, Ying-Cong Yu, Yi Ye","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S494810","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S494810","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to investigate the alterations in serum bile acid profiles among individuals with fatty liver (including non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) and alcoholic fatty liver (AFL) and evaluate their clinical significance when combined with liver enzyme levels.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort of 110 individuals with fatty liver (including non-alcoholic fatty liver 58 individuals and alcoholic fatty liver 52 individuals) was selected from the Department of Gastroenterology at Wenzhou People's Hospital between January 2021 and December 2022, while a control group of 66 healthy individuals was recruited from the hospital's health examination center during the same period. Clinical data and blood samples were collected from all participants. Serum bile acid profiles were quantified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Statistical analysis was conducted in conjunction with liver enzyme indicators.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the NAFL group, GCA, TCA, and TCDCA levels were significantly elevated compared to the control group, with GCA (AUC 0.754, sensitivity 0.707, specificity 0.712), TCA (AUC 0.770, sensitivity 0.724, specificity 0.712), and TCDCA (AUC 0.782, sensitivity 0.810, specificity 0.652) showing strong diagnostic value. In the AFL group, TCDCA, TCA, GCA, TUDCA, and GUDCA were significantly elevated, with AUC values ranging from 0.848 to 0.912. Among these, TUDCA had the highest sensitivity (0.885) and specificity (0.773) for AFL diagnosis. TUDCA (sensitivity 0.615, specificity 0.897) was the key bile acid distinguishing AFL from NAFL, with an optimal cut-off of 36.33 nmol/L. These bile acids show significant diagnostic potential for differentiating NAFL and AFL.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The bile acid profiles in both NAFL and AFL patients show changes, which hold potential clinical significance and may serve as serum biomarkers to differentiate NAFL from AFL.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"17 ","pages":"4843-4856"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11668968/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Recommendations for the Management of Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Patients Treated with GLP-1 Receptor Agonist.","authors":"Silvia Gentinetta, Francesca Sottotetti, Matteo Manuelli, Hellas Cena","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S494919","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S494919","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) have been developed to address the global burden of obesity and are renowned for their safety and efficacy. These medications influence hunger and satiety, reducing energy intake and promoting weight loss. Despite their benefits, GLP-1RAmay cause a slowed gastric emptying, leading to gastrointestinal symptoms. This study examines how food properties and meal composition affect these symptoms. Dietary recommendations are provided, particularly for evening meals, focusing on how different foods and nutrients can influence the rate of gastric emptying, to improve patient compliance and prevent interruption in weight loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"17 ","pages":"4817-4824"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11668918/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction and Evaluation of a Predictive Nomogram for Identifying Premature Failure of Arteriovenous Fistulas in Elderly Diabetic Patients.","authors":"Shuangyan Liu, Yaqing Wang, Xiaojie He, Xiaodong Li","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S484041","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S484041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This research aimed to identify risk factors contributing to premature maturation of arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) in elderly diabetic patients and develop a clinical prediction model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective review of 548 geriatric diabetic patients who underwent AVF creation for maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) at Baoding No 1 Central Hospital between January 2011 and December 2023. Patients were divided into mature (386) and immature (162) groups based on AVF maturation status. Univariate logistic regression analysis and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator were used to identify independent risk factors, including D-dimer levels, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, internal radial meridian, radial artery plaque presence, and cephalic vein indwelling needle use history. A predictive nomogram was developed specifically for immature AVF in elderly diabetic patients. Model performance was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC), calibration curve, decision curve analysis (DCA), and clinical impact curve (CIC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among elderly patients with diabetes mellitus, the incidence of immature AVF was 29.56%, affecting 162 of 548 individuals. The five-variable model demonstrated an AUROC value of 0.922, with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.870 to 0.947 in the training dataset, and an AUROC of 0.912, accompanied by a 95% CI of 0.880 to 0.935 in the internal validation dataset. The calibration curve, derived from 1000 bootstrap samples, showed good agreement between predicted and observed outcomes. Additionally, both the DCA and CIC exhibited favorable clinical utility and net benefits.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The nomogram prediction model, based on independent risk factors, serves as a valuable tool for accurate prognosis and has potential to aid in establishing and preserving hemodialysis access in elderly diabetic patients, ultimately optimizing their healthcare outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"17 ","pages":"4825-4841"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11665172/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IL-20RA is Associated with the Risk of Diabetic Microangiopathy: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Analysis and Clinical Validation.","authors":"Jinju Li, Hao Yang, Tingting Wang, Nuobing Ruan, Yixuan Lin, Zhaohui Fang","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S480366","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S480366","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Studies have demonstrated a link between chronic inflammatory responses and diabetic microangiopathy, which include diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, and diabetic neuropathy. However, it remains unclear whether there is a causal association between circulating inflammatory cytokines and the development of diabetic microvascular complications. This study aimed to investigate whether altered genetically predicted concentrations of circulating inflammatory cytokines were associated with the development of diabetic microvascular complications using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis and clinical validation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Pooled data on diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic neuropathy, and 91 circulating inflammatory cytokines were obtained from publicly available databases. The analysis was conducted mainly using the inverse variance weighting (IVW) method and the results were assessed based on the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). In addition, the stability and reliability of the results were verified using the leave-one-out method, heterogeneity tests, and horizontal pleiotropy. Finally, ELISA and RT-qPCR were utilized to assess the expression of relevant inflammatory cytokines associated with diabetic microvascular complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mendelian randomization analysis identified a total of 9 circulating inflammatory cytokines that exhibit causal associations with the diabetic microangiopathy, with IL-20RA being a common risk factor for all three conditions. Clinical studies have found elevated plasma IL-20RA concentrations in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy, and RT-qPCR testing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells revealed significantly higher IL-20RA mRNA expression in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy as compared to normal individuals.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the potential role of specific inflammatory cytokines in the development of diabetic microangiopathy (diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy and diabetic neuropathy). Additionally, IL-20RA emerges as a potential common risk factor for three diabetic microvascular complications. These findings may provide novel insights into early prevention and new therapeutic strategies for diabetic microvascular complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"17 ","pages":"4803-4816"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11663374/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142876285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modern-Day Management of the Dysglycemic Continuum: An Expert Viewpoint from the Arabian Gulf.","authors":"Thamer Alessa, Fatheya Al Awadi, Juma Al Kaabi, Ali Al Mamari, Ebaa Al Ozairi, Dalal Alromaihi, Tarik Elhadd, Abdallah A Gunaid, Mohamed Hassanein, Amin A Jayyousi, Raya Kalimat, Kerstin M G Brand","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S491591","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S491591","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prediabetes is the first stage of a continuum that extends through the diagnosis of clinical type 2 diabetes towards long-standing diabetes with multiple comorbidities. The diagnosis of prediabetes provides an opportunity to interrupt the diabetes continuum at an early stage to ensure long-term optimization of clinical outcomes. All people with prediabetes should receive intervention to improve their lifestyles (quality of diet and level of physical activity), as this has been proven beyond doubt to reduce substantially the risk of conversion to diabetes. Additionally, a large base of clinical evidence supports the use of metformin in preventing or delaying the transition from prediabetes to clinical type 2 diabetes, for some people with prediabetes. For many years, guidelines for the management of type 2 diabetes focused on lowering blood glucose, with metformin prescribed first for those without contraindications. More recently, guidelines have shifted towards prevention of diabetes complications as the primary goal, with increased use of GLP-1 receptor agonists (or multi-agonist incretin peptides) or SGLT-2 inhibitors for patients with existing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, heart failure or chronic kidney disease. Access to these medications often remains challenging. Metformin remains a suitable option for initial pharmacologic intervention to manage glycemia for many people with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes along with other therapy to maintain control of blood glucose or to address specific comorbidities as the patient progresses along the diabetes continuum.</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"17 ","pages":"4791-4802"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11662629/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142876293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: Identification of Immune Gene Signature Associated with T Cells and Natural Killer Cells in Type 1 Diabetes [Corrigendum].","authors":"","doi":"10.2147/DMSO.S506282","DOIUrl":"10.2147/DMSO.S506282","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2147/DMSO.S470738.].</p>","PeriodicalId":11116,"journal":{"name":"Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy","volume":"17 ","pages":"4789-4790"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11661971/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142876284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}