Cryo letters最新文献

{"title":"Sperm biological characteristics improves when sperm preparation is done before cryopreservation in varicocele patients.","authors":"M Vasiee, A Agharahimi, M A Khalili, A Rahavian, N Aboutaleb","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sperm cryopreservation is a process that involves preserving sperm cells for future use. Prior to freezing, sperm preparation methods like density gradient centrifugation (DGC) are typically performed to improve sperm quality.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare two sperm freezing methods, with and without seminal fluid, in normal and varicocele patients, focusing on reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and sperm DNA fragmentation.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Forty samples from individuals with normal (n=20) and varicocele (n=20) were collected through ejaculation. Each sample was divided into two groups for analysis. One group DGC was performed pre-freezing and another group DGC was done post-freezing. Evaluations were conducted on sperm parameters, DNA fragmentation index, and ROS generation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the normal group, progressive motility in Fresh Freeze DGC (19.55 ± 12.90) was lower than Fresh DGC Freeze (32.45 ± 12.86), although viability, morphology, DNA fragmentation and ROS production remained unchanged. Fresh Freeze DGC (44.25 ± 11.38) and Fresh DGC Freeze (53.58 ± 11.41) differed substantially in the varicocele group for viability assessment, whereas other parameters did not change in this group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is recommended to prepare sperm before freezing to avoid potential issues with sperm not tolerating the centrifugation process. Removing seminal fluid before freezing can lead to better sperm parameters in both normal and varicocele groups. Doi.org/10.54680/fr25310110712.</p>","PeriodicalId":10937,"journal":{"name":"Cryo letters","volume":"46 3","pages":"176-185"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective effects of hydrogen (H₂) on boar sperm upon freeze-thaw process.","authors":"S Zhang, S Ren, C Wu, J Dai, Y Zhang, D Zhang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antioxidant is important to prevent ROS attack in boar sperm during the freezing-thawing process.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study whether hydrogen (H₂) could improve the survival of boar sperm upon the freeze-thaw process.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The effects of hydrogen in pre-diluent, freezing extender and thawing solution were investigated. Sperm viability, progressive motility, acrosomal integrity, mitochondrial activity, as well as the levels of malonaldehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hydrogen in pre-diluent, freezing extender and thawing solution significantly improved sperm quality parameters (including sperm viability, progressive motility, acrosomal integrity and mitochondrial activity), increased total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) of post-thawed boar sperm. The use of hydrogen in all three solutions improved the quality of post-thawed boar sperm.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hydrogen protects boar sperm against ROS-induced damages during cooling and the freezing-thawing process. Doi.org/10.54680/fr25310110512.</p>","PeriodicalId":10937,"journal":{"name":"Cryo letters","volume":"46 3","pages":"172-175"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"H₂S signal enhances storage globulin hydrolysis, embryo supercooling and freezing tolerance of hydrated brassica (Brassica oleracea) seeds.","authors":"Y Han, J Wang, L Bo, D Song, W Li, B Liu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Seed storage globulins have two subunits linked by disulfide bonds. Earlier studies suggested that globulin hydrolysis may enhance the freezing tolerance of hydrated seeds. As a donor for H₂S, NaHS can act as a nucleophile to break the disulfide bond of proteins and convert sulfhydryl group (-SH) of cysteine to the persulfide group (-SSH), which will promote formation of S-persulfidation and de-polymerization of seed globulins.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine the role of the H₂S signal pathway in the freezing tolerance of hydrated brassica seeds.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Hydrated brassica (Brassica oleracea) seeds were treated with 5 mM NaHS to reduce the disulfide bonds of seed globulins and its effect on seed freezing tolerance was investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NaHS treatment increased embryo supercooling as determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and seed survival upon slow cooling (control vs NaHS, 30.0% vs 45.3%). NaHS treatment resulted in a significant increase of sulfhydryl groups of storage globulin, indicating the reduction of disulfide bonds. The 2D electrophoresis showed the depolymerization of storage globulins and the accumulation of small polypeptides. In addition, NaHS treatment increased the contents of ascorbate and glutathione for anti-oxidation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The H₂S signal pathway is likely involved in the freezing tolerance of hydrated brassica seeds via the de-polymerization and hydrolysis of seed storage globulins, as well as the regulation of supercooling. Doi.org/10.54680/fr25310110312.</p>","PeriodicalId":10937,"journal":{"name":"Cryo letters","volume":"46 3","pages":"164-171"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges and recent progress on the use of cryobiotechnology for conserving Brazilian native plants.","authors":"G Pacheco, M G Vianna-Almeida, R Oliveira Garcia, E Mansur","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brazil is a megadiverse country with continental dimensions. It is long acknowledged as the richest country in plant diversity, encompassing approximately 20% of the world's flora, with more than 50,000 species of plants, algae and fungi distributed in six major biomes, including two biodiversity hotspots. However, significant environmental challenges, primarily driven by climate changes and intensive, non-sustainable land use practices, have led to widespread deforestation, habitat reduction and, consequently, shifts in species distribution, genetic erosion and increased vulnerability. Considering the high rates of endemism and the global economic value of numerous Brazilian native species as crops and wild relatives, ornamentals and medicinal plants, cryopreservation emerges as a fundamental ex situ complementary strategy to safeguard its plant genetic resources. This article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of cryopreservation of native plants in Brazil during the past decade, which shows that more than 85 species from 23 families have been cryopreserved. Methods for assessing cryoinjury at the morphophysiological, biochemical, molecular and metabolic levels are reviewed. The main challenges, as well as future perspectives for the cryopreservation of Brazilian floristic diversity, are also discussed. Doi.org/10.54680/fr25310110112.</p>","PeriodicalId":10937,"journal":{"name":"Cryo letters","volume":"46 3","pages":"143-163"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient procedure for human adipose tissue cryopreservation without specialized freezing equipment.","authors":"B Heidari, H Jafary, H Golshahi, H Soltanghoraei, S Shams, A Soltani, S M Tabaie","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adipose tissue grafting is one of the reconstruction methods for damaged tissue repair.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop a convenient procedure for human adipose tissue cryopreservation without any special equipment.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Adipose tissues were frozen using different combinations of permeating and non-permeating cryoprotectants at a cooling rate of -1 degree C per min and stored at -20 degree C for 1, 3, 6 and 9 months. Histo-morphological characteristics, mitochondrial activity, oil ratio (OR) index, survival and differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells of thawed adipose tissue were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most damage or degeneration and OR indices of adipose tissues were detected in phosphate-buffered saline without any cryoprotectant at 1, 3, 6, and 9 months after cryopreservation (P≤0.05). The best protection of adipose tissue against freezing damage was observed when using a solution of 0.5 M DMSO + 9% FBS + 0.2 M trehalose (P < 0.05). Similarly, mitochondrial activities of thawed adipose tissues were the highest in the 0.5 M DMSO + 9% FBS + 0.2 M trehalose, but lowest in the phosphate-buffered saline. There was no difference in the stemness and differentiation potential of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells among different cryopreservation treatments.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combination of 0.5 M DMSO, 9% FBS and 0.2 M trehalose has the best protection for human adipose tissue during cryopreservation. Doi.org/10.54680/fr25310110412.</p>","PeriodicalId":10937,"journal":{"name":"Cryo letters","volume":"46 3","pages":"197-206"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective effect of Angelica sinensis polysaccharide (asp) on cryopreservation-induced damage to semen of chongming white goats.","authors":"K Zhang, L Zhang, J Chai, L Zhang, L Cha, K Wang, L Zhang, L Sun, H Pan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cryopreservation of goat sperm is important for goat breeding and population expansion. However, goat spermatozoa are generally less resistant to freezing and the fertilization rate of spermatozoa is lower than that of fresh semen.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the effect of different concentrations of Angelica sinensis Polysaccharide (ASP; 0, 150, 300, 600, and 1200 ug/mL) on post-thaw quality, motility characteristics, and oxidative markers of Chongming white goat sperm.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Fresh semen from Chongming white goat (n=8; mean age, 3-5 years of age) was collected, evaluated, and divided into five treatment groups corresponding to different ASP concentrations. Post-thaw sperm motility kinematics, plasma and acrosomal membrane integrity, and mitochondrial activity were evaluated. Additionally, this study evaluated markers of antioxidant defense, including malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), nitric oxide (NO) content, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), as well as 5-methylcytosine (5-MC) level.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The addition of 600 ug/mL ASP enhanced sperm viability and sperm kinematic parameters, improved integrities of acrosome and plasma membrane, and increased mitochondrial activity as compared with the control. Regarding oxidative markers, ASP-added groups had reduced ROS, MDA, and NO levels in semen compared to controls. The ASP 600 µg/mL group had the lowest levels of oxidative markers, and adding 600 ug/mL ASP significantly increased SOD, catalase (CAT), and GSH-Px activities in semen. There were significant increases in T-AOC levels in all ASP-added groups versus the control group. Additionally, the 300 and 600 g/mL ASP-groups showed significantly lower levels of DNA methylation 5-MC than the control groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adding 600 ug/mL ASP to the Chongming white goat low-temperature diluent improves the motility characteristics and antioxidant markers of Chongming white goat semen. Doi.org/10.54680/fr25310110212.</p>","PeriodicalId":10937,"journal":{"name":"Cryo letters","volume":"46 3","pages":"186-196"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iodixanol fortification in freezing extender protects sperm DNA damage and improves antioxidant capacity.","authors":"R Ranjan, M Kumar, D K Swain, S P Singh, S D Kharche, M K Singh, M S Chauhan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>One of the most essential ingredients of artificial insemination (AI) programs is semen processing which needs extender with additives to protect spermatozoa against cold stress during cryopreservation. The selection of cryoprotectant and composition of extenders are of great importance for sperm survival during and after cryopreservation. The addition of small quantities of iodixanol in the freezing extender can protect spermatozoa by altering the glass transition temperature of the mixture and changing the structure of the growing ice crystals.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To reveal the effect of iodixanol fortification in semen extender on post thawed sperm qualities, DNA intactness and antioxidant status.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The ejaculates were collected from Barbari goats using artificial vagina method and samples with > 80% initial progressive sperm motility were extended with tris-citric acid-fructose diluent. Iodixanol was added to the sperm preparation medium at different concentration (Control, 0 uM; 100 uM; 200 uM; 300 uM and 400 uM). Sperm concentrations were adjusted 400 million per mL and diluted semen was kept for equilibration at 5 degree C for 4 h before being cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen. Semen samples were evaluated for sperm quality at the pre-freeze and post-thaw stages.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Semen samples fortified with 400 uM iodixanol had improved cryopreservation, with significantly higher motiliy, live sperm count, acrosome integrity and hypo osmotic swelling (HOS) positive spermatozoa compared to the control. In addition, fortified semen had significantly lower sperm MDA and protein carbonyl contents after cryopreservation and greater sperm DNA integrity (fewer TUNEL+ve sperm) and lower mitochondrial membrane potential. Finally, semen fortification resulted in a small improvement in post-cryopreservation kidding rate.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Iodixanol at 400 uM significantly improves post-thaw sperm qualities and fertility in Barbari goat and its value as a freezing extender seems to relate to an enhanced antioxidant capacity. Doi.org/10.54680/fr25310110612.</p>","PeriodicalId":10937,"journal":{"name":"Cryo letters","volume":"46 3","pages":"207-212"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharides on the cryopreservation of bull semen.","authors":"M I Sergushkina, T V Polezhaeva, O N Solomina, A N Khudyakov, O O Zaitseva, Y I Nazarova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The field of sperm cryopreservation requires the search for and development of new effective cryopreservatives with low toxicity.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of bull spermatozoa subjected to freezing and storage at -80 degree C for 28 days in a diluent with the addition of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharides.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The sperm was frozen under the protection of a complex cryoprotectant and stored in an electric freezer at -80 degree C for 28 days. Before cooling and after defrosting, the biological parameters of the sperm were analyzed using the Argus-CASA system.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was established that two fractions isolated from H. erinaceus (PF1, PF2) are heteropolysaccharide peptides with a high content of glucose, xylose, mannose, galactose and arabinose. It was shown that before cooling, when a fraction obtained from dry fruiting bodies of H. erinaceus (PF2) was added to the sperm, the number of progressively motile sperm with intact DNA decreased, but their kinematic parameters did not change. After thawing, after 28 days of storage at -80 degree C, an increase in the number of progressively motile sperm with intact DNA and their kinematic parameters was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Thus, fungal polysaccharides are obviously underestimated macromolecular substances with enormous cryostabilization potential, and polysaccharide fractions from dried fruiting bodies of H. erinaceus may in the future find wide application in the composition of new cryopreservation media. https://doi.org/10.54680/fr25210110912.</p>","PeriodicalId":10937,"journal":{"name":"Cryo letters","volume":"46 2","pages":"98-107"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges in bird cryopreservation.","authors":"J Perez-Rivero","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cryopreservation is a fundamental technique for preserving the structural and functional integrity of biological material, particularly for the conservation of genetic resources in avian species. Since its development in the 1940s, this technology has advanced significantly, although challenges persist, primarily due to the unique morphology of avian sperm, which complicates cryoprotectant penetration and increases the risk of structural damage. Overcoming these challenges is crucial for improving semen preservation, supporting the sustainability of avian species, and contributing to conservation efforts. In domestic production birds, cryopreservation is essential for maintaining genetic diversity. However, these species often exhibit low tolerance to the freezing process, primarily due to the high concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids in their sperm membranes, making them susceptible to oxidative damage. This has driven research aimed at developing more effective cryoprotectants and techniques to enhance semen quality post-thaw. Wild birds, particularly endangered species, face additional challenges in cryopreservation. These species are often managed in captivity to prevent extinction, with artificial insemination serving as a valuable tool. However, artificial insemination is constrained by low post-thaw motility rates, even when advanced cryoprotectants are employed. Research indicates that certain cryopreservation media can improve sperm motility and fertility rates, although further optimization of these methods is required. The future of avian semen cryopreservation will concentrate on customizing extenders and cryoprotectants, optimizing freezing techniques, and improving post-thaw semen quality. These advancements are essential for enhancing commercial poultry production and for the conservation of endangered species. Research in this area is expected to evolve over the next decade, developing effective solutions to address both commercial and conservation needs. https://doi.org/10.54680/fr25210110312.</p>","PeriodicalId":10937,"journal":{"name":"Cryo letters","volume":"46 2","pages":"74-81"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A ten-year retrospective on the efficacy of droplet vitrification for cryobanking of Allium ramosum L. germplasm.","authors":"S Chander, R Gowthami, R Pandey, D A Deepak, A Agrawal","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Allium ramosum is an important member of the genus Allium, which is commonly known as Chinese chive or fragrant-flowered garlic. Conserving the genetic diversity of different species of Allium is crucial, and cryopreservation has emerged as an important strategy for long-term conservation of alliums.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop a reliable protocol for the cryoconservation of A. ramosum shoot bases.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Different parameters, viz. (a) cold-hardening (5 degree C for 16/8 h photoperiod), (b) PVS2 dehydration (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55 and 60 min), (c) pregrowth medium (MM3: MS + 0.1 mg/L NAA + 0.5 mg/L 2iP + 10 mg/L spermidine + 3% sucrose; MM10: MS + 0.1 mg/L NAA + 0.5 mg/l 2iP + 10 mg/L spermidine + 10% sucrose) and (d) preculture duration (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 days) were tested using a vitrification technique.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Shoot bases excised from 4-wk old in vitro cultures that had been cold-hardened at 5 degree C (16/8 h photoperiod) and precultured on MM10 with 10% sucrose at 5 degree C for 3 days resulted in highest post-thaw regrowth of 43% after conventional vitrification. However, when droplet-vitrification was used, post-thaw regrowth was increased to 77%. Retesting of shoot bases after 10 years of cryobanking, revealed no significant difference in the post-thaw regrowth of A. ramosum.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first report of the long-term cryopreservation of A. ramosum shoot bases using vitrification and droplet-vitrification techniques. https://doi.org/10.54680/fr25210110512.</p>","PeriodicalId":10937,"journal":{"name":"Cryo letters","volume":"46 2","pages":"82-91"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}