Cryo letters最新文献

{"title":"Improvement of sperm quality of the depik fish, rasbora tawarensis, after cryopreservation using antioxidant.","authors":"Z. Muchlisin, D. Afriani, K. Eriani, I. Hasri, F. Nur, S. Maulida, L. Handayani, F. Kocabaş, M. S. Siti-Azizah","doi":"10.54680/fr23110110312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54680/fr23110110312","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000The cryopreservation of the sperm of the depik fish, Rasbora tawarensis, has previously been developed. However, the quality of the sperm post cryopreservation was not satisfactory and might be improved through the application of antioxidants.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000To determine the most suitable antioxidant for the cryopreservation of the depik fish spermatozoa.\u0000\u0000\u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS\u0000A completely randomized design with a non-factorial experiment was used and the tested antioxidants were glutathione, beta-carotene, ascorbic acid, and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) at 6 % concentrations. All treatments had three replications. The sperms were collected from 10 male fishes and diluted with Ringer solution in a ratio of 1: 20 (v/v, sperm: Ringer solution). Then 5% DMSO and 5 % egg yolk were added to the diluted sperms. Furthermore, 6 % of the tested antioxidants were added to the diluents, and then, cryopreservation was carried out in liquid nitrogen for 14 days.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The ANOVA test showed that the application of antioxidants significantly affected the sperm motility, fertility, and hatching rates of the eggs (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the antioxidants also protected the sperm cells during cryopreservation, with glutathione being the best antioxidant.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000The application of antioxidants during the cryopreservation of depik fish sperm had a significant effect on motility, fertility and hatchability of eggs post-cryo. Furthermore, glutathione was the most suitable antioxidant. doi.org/10.54680/fr23110110312.","PeriodicalId":10937,"journal":{"name":"Cryo letters","volume":"14 3","pages":"13-19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72446928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cryoprotective effects of longan honey on preantral follicle integrity of rat ovary post vitrification.","authors":"N. Anita, EmptyYN Y Abinawanto, A. Jusuf, A. Bowolaksono, H. A. Saoemi, A. Safrina","doi":"10.54680/fr23110110712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54680/fr23110110712","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Longan honey (LH) has the potential as a natural extracellular cryoprotectant to maintain the integrity of intact preantral follicles against the cryoinjury during ovarian vitrification.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000This research determined the cryoprotective effects of logan honey on preantral follicles integrity of rat ovary post-vitrification.\u0000\u0000\u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS\u0000After vitrification, the follicle index was determined by observing the ovarian histological sections made using the paraffin method with hematoxylin-eosin staining and analyzed using Optilab 3.0 and Image Raster software.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The results showed that the combination of ethylene glycol (EG) with LH and a dose variation of 7.5 %-15 % (KP1-KP4) increased the density of follicles, the number of intact follicles in G2 and G3, with a decrease in the atretic follicles in G1 better compared to the use of EG only (KKP1-KKP2). The differences in the histological structur e of preantral follicles affected the doses of LH needed by each type of follicle to maintain the integrity of the follicular structure from cryoinjury effects. The comparison of the G2 total follicle index values were KKP1 (90.7 ± 18.3), KKP2 (115.6 ± 9.9) < KP1 (193.6 ± 10.7), KP2 (189.3 ± 10.5), KP3 (182.2 ± 27.1) and KP4 (169.4±8.8). Among the variations in the dose of LH 7.5 % - 15%, the highest increase in the G3 index value was found in primary (51.7 ± 9.8), tertiary (43.1 ± 8.8), secondary (33.9 ± 4.7), and primordial (28.7 ± 2.5) follicles of KP3 (7.5 % of LH).\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000The primary and tertiary follicular stages maintain the best integrity and can be used after the vitrification of rat ovaries. doi.org/10.54680/fr23110110712.","PeriodicalId":10937,"journal":{"name":"Cryo letters","volume":"87 2 1","pages":"26-36"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86443414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of supplementation of cryoprotectant solution with hydroxypropyl cellulose for vitrification of bovine oocytes.","authors":"M J Park,&nbsp;S E Lee,&nbsp;W Yoon,&nbsp;H J Park,&nbsp;S H Kim,&nbsp;S H Oh,&nbsp;D G Lee,&nbsp;D B Pyeon,&nbsp;E Y Kim,&nbsp;S P Park","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Successful cryopreservation of bovine oocytes is very important for research and commercial applications. However, the survival and development rate of vitrified-thawed (VT) oocytes are lower than those of non-vitrified-thawed (non-VT) oocytes.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the effect of adding hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) to the vitrification solution for bovine oocytes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>For vitrification, bovine metaphase II oocytes were pretreated with a solution containing 10% ethylene glycol supplemented with 0, 10, 50, or 100 ug/mL HPC for 5 min, exposed to a solution containing 30% ethylene glycol supplemented with 0, 10, 50, or 100 ug/mL HPC for 30 s, and then directly plunged into liquid nitrogen.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The survival rate of oocytes was significantly higher in the 50 HPC group than in the 0, 10, and 100 HPC groups. The reactive oxygen species level was lower in the non-VT and 50 HPC groups than in the other groups. The mRNA levels of proapoptotic genes (Bax) were lower in the non-VT, 0, and 50 HPC groups than in the other groups. The mRNA levels of antiapoptotic genes (BCl2) were higher in the non-VT than in the other groups. The development rates of embryos (day 8) obtained via parthenogenetic activation (PA) were determined in the non-VT, 0 HPC, and 50 HPC groups. The cleavage rate was significantly higher in the non-VT group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Supplementation of vitrification solution with HPC improves the survival of VT bovine oocytes and the development capacity of embryos derived from these oocytes via PA. doi.org/10.54680/fr23110110212.</p>","PeriodicalId":10937,"journal":{"name":"Cryo letters","volume":"44 1","pages":"37-46"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9455416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative assessment of oil palm pollen after 23 years of cryobanking.","authors":"S. Sorokhaibam, R. Tandon, A. Agrawal, K. Shivanna","doi":"10.54680/fr23110110512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54680/fr23110110512","url":null,"abstract":"Cryopreservation of pollen grains is an effective means of conserving desired germplasm of crop plants. Cryoconserved pollen are expected to be long-lived and thus can be suitably retrieved to overcome hybridization constraints imposed by a variety of reasons. We ascertained the performance of oil palm pollen grains (Tenera hybrids) that were cryobanked 23 years ago using liquid nitrogen (-196 degree C). Cryostored pollen were assessed for viability, in-vitro germinability and vigour. Our analysis showed a marginal decline in viability, assessed through fluorochromatic reaction test, of cryopreserved pollen as compared to fresh ones (pre-storage assessment); however, the viability did not decline in the cryostate since it was last tested 15 years back. On the other hand, germinability and vigour of cryopreserved pollen were maintained to the levels of fresh pollen. Our study, for the first time, demonstrates the amenability of pollen grains for cryopreservation of any plant species beyond a period of two decades in general, and that for oil palm in particular. doi.org/10.54680/fr23110110512.","PeriodicalId":10937,"journal":{"name":"Cryo letters","volume":"334 1","pages":"20-25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78038099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of vitrification techniques on the formation of skin cryobank of the ocelot (Leopardus pardalis).","authors":"J. V. da Silva Viana, L. F. de Medeiros Paiva Moura, É. A. Praxedes, L. V. Costa de Aquino, M. B. do Nascimento, F. R. Prazeres Junior, M. F. de Oliveira, A. F. Pereira","doi":"10.54680/fr23110110412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54680/fr23110110412","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Skin cryobanks represent important tools for the conservation of the maximum genetic representation of a population, especially those with a certain degree of threat to extinction, such as the ocelot. A relevant step towards the proper establishment of these banks is the definition of adequate cryopreservation techniques for the conservation of the skin.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000We evaluated the effects of two different techniques [direct vitrification in cryovials (DVC) and solid-surface vitrification (SSV)] for the preservation of ear skin derived from ocelot.\u0000\u0000\u0000MATERIALS & METHODS\u0000For both techniques, we vitrified the ear skin using Dulbeccos modified Eagles medium with 3.0 M dimethyl sulfoxide, 0.25 M sucrose, and 10% fetal bovine serum. Non-cryopreserved tissues were used as control (control group). All tissues were analyzed for their morphometric characteristics by conventional histology and morphological / functional analysis by cell ability during the culture.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000While tissues cryopreserved by DVC showed similar values for dermis thickness and number of perinuclear halos to the control, tissues cryopreserved by SSV showed similarities to the control regarding the number of melanocytes, percentage of collagen fibers, and numbers of viable cells by apoptosis analysis. Additionally, none of the vitrification techniques affected stratum corneum thickness, number of keratinocytes, tissue proliferative activity, cell viability, or metabolism.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000Both vitrification techniques (DVC and SSV) can be used for the conservation of ocelot skin; however, SSV guarantees a higher cellular quality after in vitro tissue culture in most of the parameters evaluated, such as viability, metabolism, and apoptosis analysis. doi.org/10.54680/fr23110110412.","PeriodicalId":10937,"journal":{"name":"Cryo letters","volume":"176 1","pages":"47-56"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82989251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Butylated hydroxytoluene (bht) improves the post-thaw semen quality in low-dose sperm cryopreservation in murrah buffalo bull.","authors":"D. Nain, T. Mohanty, R. Dewry, M. Bhakat, S. Nath, V. Gupta, M. A. Parray","doi":"10.54680/fr23110110612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54680/fr23110110612","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000Cryopreservation is an important technique for the long-term storage of semen for artificial insemination (AI). Buffalo spermatozoa are sensitive to cryopreservation procedures because of the presence of a high amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the plasma membrane.\u0000\u0000\u0000OBJECTIVE\u0000To study the effect of different concentrations of BHT on the quality of Murrah buffalo bull semen for low-dose cryopreservation.\u0000\u0000\u0000MATERIAL AND METHODS\u0000Semen was collected from four high fertile Murrah buffalo bulls (6 ejaculates each) using an artificial vagina. A total of 24 ejaculates were collected from each bull twice a week using an artificial vagina. Every sample was split into four parts: Control without additives; and three treatments with BHT at 0.5 mM, 1 mM or 2 mM. Semen was cryopreserved at low-dose sperm cryopreservation of 20, 15, 10 and 5 million sperm per aliquot after supplementation of BHT. Semen samples were evaluated for fresh, pre-freeze and post-thaw stages.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000There was a significant increase (p<0.05) in sperm quality parameters, such as progressive motility (%), viability (%), HOST response (%), acrosome integrity (%) and post-thaw motility, with the addition of 0.5-1 mM BHT.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000The addition of BHT in Murrah buffalo semen improves the low dose cryopreservation quality in a dose-dependent manner. doi.org/10.54680/fr23110110612.","PeriodicalId":10937,"journal":{"name":"Cryo letters","volume":"37 1","pages":"57-65"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74645119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative assessment of oil palm pollen after 23 years of cryobanking.","authors":"S Sorokhaibam,&nbsp;R Tandon,&nbsp;A Agrawal,&nbsp;K R Shivanna","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cryopreservation of pollen grains is an effective means of conserving desired germplasm of crop plants. Cryoconserved pollen are expected to be long-lived and thus can be suitably retrieved to overcome hybridization constraints imposed by a variety of reasons. We ascertained the performance of oil palm pollen grains (Tenera hybrids) that were cryobanked 23 years ago using liquid nitrogen (-196 degree C). Cryostored pollen were assessed for viability, in-vitro germinability and vigour. Our analysis showed a marginal decline in viability, assessed through fluorochromatic reaction test, of cryopreserved pollen as compared to fresh ones (pre-storage assessment); however, the viability did not decline in the cryostate since it was last tested 15 years back. On the other hand, germinability and vigour of cryopreserved pollen were maintained to the levels of fresh pollen. Our study, for the first time, demonstrates the amenability of pollen grains for cryopreservation of any plant species beyond a period of two decades in general, and that for oil palm in particular. doi.org/10.54680/fr23110110512.</p>","PeriodicalId":10937,"journal":{"name":"Cryo letters","volume":"44 1","pages":"20-25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9455419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cryoprotective effects of longan honey on preantral follicle integrity of rat ovary post vitrification.","authors":"N Anita,&nbsp;EmptyYN Y Abinawanto,&nbsp;A A Jusuf,&nbsp;A Bowolaksono,&nbsp;H A Saoemi,&nbsp;A Safrina","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Longan honey (LH) has the potential as a natural extracellular cryoprotectant to maintain the integrity of intact preantral follicles against the cryoinjury during ovarian vitrification.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This research determined the cryoprotective effects of logan honey on preantral follicles integrity of rat ovary post-vitrification.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>After vitrification, the follicle index was determined by observing the ovarian histological sections made using the paraffin method with hematoxylin-eosin staining and analyzed using Optilab 3.0 and Image Raster software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that the combination of ethylene glycol (EG) with LH and a dose variation of 7.5 %-15 % (KP1-KP4) increased the density of follicles, the number of intact follicles in G2 and G3, with a decrease in the atretic follicles in G1 better compared to the use of EG only (KKP1-KKP2). The differences in the histological structur e of preantral follicles affected the doses of LH needed by each type of follicle to maintain the integrity of the follicular structure from cryoinjury effects. The comparison of the G2 total follicle index values were KKP1 (90.7 ± 18.3), KKP2 (115.6 ± 9.9) < KP1 (193.6 ± 10.7), KP2 (189.3 ± 10.5), KP3 (182.2 ± 27.1) and KP4 (169.4±8.8). Among the variations in the dose of LH 7.5 % - 15%, the highest increase in the G3 index value was found in primary (51.7 ± 9.8), tertiary (43.1 ± 8.8), secondary (33.9 ± 4.7), and primordial (28.7 ± 2.5) follicles of KP3 (7.5 % of LH).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The primary and tertiary follicular stages maintain the best integrity and can be used after the vitrification of rat ovaries. doi.org/10.54680/fr23110110712.</p>","PeriodicalId":10937,"journal":{"name":"Cryo letters","volume":"44 1","pages":"26-36"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9469315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Supplementation of Cryoprotectant Solution With Hydroxypropyl Cellulose for Vitrification of Bovine Oocytes","authors":"M J Park, S E Lee, W Yoon, H J Park, S H Kim, S H Oh, D G Lee, D B Pyeon, E Y Kim, S P Park","doi":"10.54680/fr23110110212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54680/fr23110110212","url":null,"abstract":"Successful cryopreservation of bovine oocytes is very important for research and commercial applications. However, the survival and development rate of vitrified-thawed (VT) oocytes are lower than those of non-vitrified-thawed (non-VT) oocytes.To investigate the effect of adding hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) to the vitrification solution for bovine oocytes.For vitrification, bovine metaphase II oocytes were pretreated with a solution containing 10% ethylene glycol supplemented with 0, 10, 50, or 100 ug/mL HPC for 5 min, exposed to a solution containing 30% ethylene glycol supplemented with 0, 10, 50, or 100 ug/mL HPC for 30 s, and then directly plunged into liquid nitrogen.The survival rate of oocytes was significantly higher in the 50 HPC group than in the 0, 10, and 100 HPC groups. The reactive oxygen species level was lower in the non-VT and 50 HPC groups than in the other groups. The mRNA levels of proapoptotic genes (Bax) were lower in the non-VT, 0, and 50 HPC groups than in the other groups. The mRNA levels of antiapoptotic genes (BCl2) were higher in the non-VT than in the other groups. The development rates of embryos (day 8) obtained via parthenogenetic activation (PA) were determined in the non-VT, 0 HPC, and 50 HPC groups. The cleavage rate was significantly higher in the non-VT group.Supplementation of vitrification solution with HPC improves the survival of VT bovine oocytes and the development capacity of embryos derived from these oocytes via PA. doi.org/10.54680/fr23110110212.","PeriodicalId":10937,"journal":{"name":"Cryo letters","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134996608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiogram of microorganisms isolated from fresh and frozen semen of crossbred frieswal bulls.","authors":"N Chand,&nbsp;M Pande,&nbsp;S Tyagi,&nbsp;A S Sirohi,&nbsp;S Mahajan,&nbsp;S Kumar,&nbsp;EmptyYN Y Sarika,&nbsp;A Sharma","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The bacterial contaminants in the semen are a major concern for most of the semen production laboratories because they adversely affect the semen quality. During sperm cryopreservation, the inclusion of antimicrobials in extenders may help to minimize bacterial growth. However, due to bacterial resistance to commonly used antimicrobials, they cannot fully assure microbiological safety to the frozen semen.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To estimate the microbial load and antibiogram of microorganisms isolated from the fresh and frozen bull semen.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The bacterial load was estimated in fresh and frozen semen samples of crossbred Frieswal bulls by the pour plate method. Microorganisms were identified as Gram positive and Gram negative by Gram staining. The representative bacterial colonies were streaked onto different specific media which were further confirmed by biochemical tests. Bacterial isolates were subjected to in vitro antibiotic sensitivity test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average microbial load of fresh and frozen semen samples was found to be 8397.4 ± 524.3 cfu per mL and 680.9 ± 105.4 cfuper mL, respectively. Microorganisms belonging to Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Proteus, Klebsiella, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Actinomyces, E. coli, Rhodococcus, Neisseria and Micrococcus were identified in the semen samples. The antibiotic sensitivity testing of the bacterial isolates revealed that benzyl penicillin was found to be the least effective against the isolated organisms while gentamicin and spectinomycin were found to be most effective among the antibiotics used. Lincomycin, tylosin and streptomycin showed moderate efficacy against the bacterial isolates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Gentamicin, tylosin, lincomycin, and spectinomycin (GTLS) antibiotic combination is more effective against bacterial isolates and may be added to semen extender to better control bacterial load and semen quality. doi.org/10.54680/fr22610110512.</p>","PeriodicalId":10937,"journal":{"name":"Cryo letters","volume":"43 6","pages":"322-327"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10529022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}