Current Eye Research最新文献

{"title":"Risk Factors for Development of Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency After Acute Ocular Burns.","authors":"Anahita Kate, Raksheeth N Rajagopal, Supriya Sharma, Sayan Basu, Swapna S Shanbhag","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2025.2482059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02713683.2025.2482059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To identify the risk factors predictive of limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) in eyes with acute ocular burns (AOB).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective, comparative case series which included 112 eyes of 96 patients with AOB of severity > Dua grade II who had follow-up until complete epithelization. Data on injury details, clinical features, and treatment were collected. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for (i) LSCD following AOB, (ii) LSCD >6 clock hours, and (iii) LSCD requiring surgical intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 112 eyes, 61 eyes (54%) of 56 patients developed LSCD. The final median best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was poorer in eyes with LSCD [logMAR 0.9 (IQR: 0.5-1.5)] when compared to the non-LSCD group [logMAR 0.1 (IQR: 0-0.3); <i>p</i> < .00001]. Regression analysis revealed lime injury (OR: 7.5, <i>p</i> = .002), conjunctival defect of >50% area (OR = 7.6, <i>p</i> = .0001), limbal epithelial defect of >6 clock hours (OR = 3.5, <i>p</i> = .02), and undergoing repeat AMT (OR: 15.3, <i>p</i> = .01) to be risk factors for the development of LSCD. For \"LSCD of >6 clock hours\", both conjunctival defect of >50% area [OR: 4.5 (CI: 1.2-16.9), <i>p</i> = .03] and limbal epithelial defect of >6 clock hours [OR: 9.6 (CI: 1.9-48.6), <i>p</i> = .006] were significant risk factors; while for the outcome \"LSCD necessitating a surgical intervention\", conjunctival defect of >50% area [OR: 4.1 (CI: 1.2-13.6), <i>p</i> = .03] was a risk factor.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with lime injury, limbal epithelial defects, and conjunctival epithelial defects involving a larger area are at a higher risk of development of LSCD post AOB. Larger conjunctival defects indicate the development of more severe LSCD and a greater need for surgical intervention. Eyes with LSCD have poorer visual outcomes. Thus, preventing this entity by addressing the risk factors can alleviate the socioeconomic burden on the affected individuals and the healthcare system.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of circFAM53B in Regulating Choroidal Vascular Function in Pathological Myopia.","authors":"Meng Guan, Boyong Zhang, Wenjing Wu, Yu Li, Fengju Zhang","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2025.2477550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02713683.2025.2477550","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Myopia has reached epidemic levels worldwide, in which pathological myopia can lead to irreversible visual loss from associated ocular complications. This study aimed to investigate the role of circular RNA circFAM53B in choroidal dysfunction in pathological myopia progression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We established <i>In vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> models to simulate hypoxic and oxidative injuries to rhesus macaque choroid-retina endothelial cells, which may contribute to the choroidal vascular dysfunction in pathological myopia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>RNA sequencing and comprehensive bioinformatics analyses revealed widespread differential expression of circular RNAs in injured choroidal cells, with circFAM53B being notably and consistently upregulated under both hypoxic and oxidative conditions. Functional assays demonstrated that small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of circFAM53B significantly enhanced viability, migration and tubulogenesis of choroidal endothelial cells while suppressing apoptosis. Mechanistic studies found that circFAM53B can act as a sponge for miR-1248, consequently relieving the inhibition of miR-1248 on its target <i>THBS1</i> and leading to <i>THBS1</i> upregulation. Form-deprivation myopia in guinea pigs also showed substantially elevated circFAM53B expression in myopic eye tissues over time.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results shed light on the involvement of the circFAM53B/miR-1248/THBS1 pathway in the decline of choroidal function observed in pathological myopia, expanding current understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving myopia development and offering potential therapeutic targets for choroid-related myopia.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143699891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Femtosecond Laser Liquid Optics Interface as Low Vision Optical Resource.","authors":"Norton Sakassegawa Yanagimori, Bernardo Kaplan Moscovici, Gicele Rodrigues Chaves Rinaldo, Priscila Ciocler Froiman, Ivan Corso Teixeira","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2025.2478239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02713683.2025.2478239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the efficacy of a low-cost optical magnifier created from the repurposed femtosecond laser interface used in cataract surgery to reduce healthcare waste and financial burden for low-vision patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective study included 16 Brazilian patients from the Low Vision Department of the Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo. Participants had visual acuity between +0.5 and +1.3 logMAR and visual field constrictions under 20°. The Catalys^® femtosecond laser interface lens, usually discarded after surgery, was sterilized and attached to a recyclable support to create a magnifying device. Patients were trained to use it for 30 days. Visual function was assessed with the NEI VFQ-25, and reading performance was measured using the MNREAD-P test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirteen patients (81.25%) completed the study. The use of the optical device led to significant improvements in all MNREAD-P parameters. Reading acuity improved from 0.74 ± 0.19 logMAR (20/110 Snellen) to 0.41 ± 0.22 logMAR (20/50 Snellen) (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Critical print size decreased from 0.85 ± 0.19 logMAR (20/140 Snellen) to 0.56 ± 0.24 logMAR (20/70 Snellen) (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Maximum reading speed increased from 41.4 ± 18.0 words per minute (wpm) to 56.2 ± 25.2 wpm (<i>p</i> < 0.001). NEI VFQ-25 scores improved from 32.7 ± 13.8 to 46.9 ± 15.0 (<i>p</i> < 0.001), with increases observed in all subcategories, particularly in \"Reactions to Vision Problems.\"</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Repurposing the femtosecond laser interface lens as a low-cost magnifier showed promising improvements in reading and visual function for low-vision patients while addressing healthcare waste. Further studies with larger samples are recommended to validate and expand this sustainable approach in visual rehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Desmosome and Hemidesmosome Release via Exosomes from Retinal Pigmented Epithelium - A Precursor to Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Early AMD?","authors":"Mikael Klingeborn, Vanshika Arora, Christina Chung, Pavel Donchenko, Robert N Wright, Emily D Reese, Teresa M Gunn","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2025.2469235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02713683.2025.2469235","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This minireview discusses desmosome and hemidesmosome disassembly and/or internalization and subsequent release <i>via</i> exosomes in retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) under oxidative stress conditions, and whether it may be a precursor to epithelial-mesenchymal transition in early Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Literature review and discussion of novel findings relevant to the focus of the review.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The RPE forms the outer blood-retinal barrier, and like other epithelia it has several different types of cell-cell junctions, such as desmosomes. The RPE provides key metabolic and nutrient support to photoreceptors and the function of normal vision. The RPE is a principal location of disease-associated changes in AMD, due to its essential role in visual homeostasis. Exosomes are lipid bilayer membrane vesicles of nanometer sizes that are released <i>via</i> a dedicated machinery by all cells and carry out a multitude of functions related to cellular signaling and waste management. In the RPE they are released from both the apical and basal sides, and the cargo composition reflects this polarization. We have recently showed that exosomes released from the basolateral side of RPE cells under chronic oxidative stress conditions, contain desmosome and hemidesmosome proteins. Here we discuss the composition of desmosomes and hemidesmosomes in the RPE, the role of exosomes and ubiquitination pathways in their disassembly, and whether this dismantling is a precursor to epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Further considerations include how the exosome-mediated shedding of desmosome and hemidesmosome components is related to lysosomal and/or proteasomal overload, and how these pathways can be modulated to intervene in early stages of AMD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This review provides an overview of the current knowledge about desmosome and hemidesmosome disassembly in RPE, its intersection with the exosome pathway, and potential role in epithelial-mesenchymal transition. We discuss several potential targets for therapeutic intervention in pre-symptomatic or early-stage AMD in these pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Approach for Suprachoroidal Space Injection: An Experimental Evaluation.","authors":"Jinyi Long, Xue Wu, Ping Hu, Ning Cui, Ling Xu, Yuhong Ye, Hao Chen, Qinghua Peng, Xinmin Lu, Da Long","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2025.2469829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02713683.2025.2469829","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to describe an innovative suprachoroidal space injection technique using a combination of 30 G and 22 G needles attached to a 1 ml injector. The efficacy and applicability of this technique in suprachoroidal injections are evaluated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we conducted both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> injection experiments using isolated porcine eyes and live SD rats, respectively. The injector needle was inserted into the sclera with the bevelled tip facing the sclera and parallel to the corneal limbus, and the methylene blue solution was injected into the suprachoroidal space. The accuracy of the injection was confirmed by OCT imaging and frozen section microscopy, demonstrating that the dye was successfully delivered to the suprachoroidal space.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The suprachoroidal injector successfully injected the solution into the suprachoroidal space of isolated porcine eyes and live rats without entering the vitreous cavity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The 22 G needle demonstrated sufficient rigidity and stability to ensure proper scleral compression, supporting the consistency of the injection depth. The 30 G needle exhibited exceptional sharpness and precision, allowing for more accurate control of the drug dosage. The appropriate force applied to the sclera facilitated the precise depth of injection. The angle of the needle, parallel to the corneal limbus, helped avoid penetration into the vitreous or subretinal space, reducing the risk of complications. This device offers new tools and methods for ophthalmic research and clinical practice, with significant clinical application prospects.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Conjunctival Cell HLA-DR Expression with the Severity of Signs and Symptoms of Dry Eye Disease at Baseline in the NORTHERN LIGHTS Phase 2 Trial.","authors":"Eric J Kuklinski, Neeta S Roy, Morten Præstegaard, Yi Wei, Penny A Asbell","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2025.2469254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02713683.2025.2469254","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the association of HLA-DR on ocular surface conjunctival cells with the severity of signs and symptoms of dry eye disease (DED) in patients enrolled in the NORTHERN LIGHTS phase 2 trial.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with moderate to severe DED were recruited from 10 different countries in Europe. Symptoms of DED were assessed using the visual analog scale (VAS) global discomfort score, and signs <i>via</i> corneal fluorescein staining (CFS), lissamine green staining, Schirmer's test, and tear osmolarity. HLA-DR expression was evaluated <i>via</i> flow cytometry from impression cytology of conjunctival cells using the EyePrim™ device sampled from 205 DED patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HLA-DR expression was detected in a mean of 3.4% of cells at baseline. HLA-DR expression was significantly associated with corneal staining severity at baseline (<i>p</i> < 0.01). HLA-DR expression was not significantly associated with DED symptoms (VAS global discomfort score), nor lissamine green staining, Schirmer's test, tear osmolarity, or Sjogren's syndrome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HLA-DR was present in a wide range of percentages among DED patients indicating the heterogeneous nature of DED. HLA-DR was significantly associated with corneal fluorescein staining suggesting a correlation of the biomarker with ocular surface damage.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143572352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adjusting Laser Parameters for Myopic Laser Blended Vision According to Laser Treatment Zone: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Anke Messerschmidt-Roth, Walter Sekundo, Karsten Pfeiffer, Alexandra Stein, Felix Mathias Wagner","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2025.2473565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02713683.2025.2473565","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The nomograms for the laser procedure \"Laser Blended Vision\" (Presbyond^®) for myopia were developed based on a 6 mm zone. The aim of these studies is to demonstrate that customized nomograms are necessary when changing the optical zone. The three-month results after the Presbyond^® correction using a 6.4 mm to 6.5 mm optical zone were analyzed in myopic patients. All patients were treated at the University Hospital Gießen and Marburg and for analyses purposes they were divided into two groups. Group 1 was treated from 2017-2019 without a nomogram for this larger optical zone, and group 2 from 2019-2022 with a customized nomogram.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the retrospective monocentric study, 86 eyes from 43 patients in group 1 and 120 eyes from 60 patients in group 2 were analyzed. All eyes were treated with the 500 kHz VisuMax^® Laser and the Mel90^® Excimer Laser using a 6.4 mm to 6.5 mm optical zone. The results are collected using Datagraph^® software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The three-month results show overcorrection in both groups concerning the targeted refractive goal. In group 2, the analysis of distance and near vision shows that eyes treated for near vision deviate more than predicted. This is also confirmed in the refractive outcome. However, patient satisfaction is comparable in both groups, and retreatment rate is lower than published, although higher in group 1 than in group 2.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Since PRESBYOND^® targets both, good distance vision does not fully reflect the goal of this procedure. The importance of personalized nomograms for distance and near vision is supported by our results, also the retreatment rate improved, and patient satisfaction influences the decision for retreatment. A separate nomogram for the distance and reading eye to further improve correction predictability is necessary, as predictability in both eyes is differing.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143572350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tear Global Metabolomic Differences in Pre-Operative Cataract Patients With and Without Dry Eye Disease.","authors":"Morten Gundersen, Christian Nilsen, Per Jensen, Mazyar Yazdani, Øygunn Utheim, Elise Sandås Sand, Helge Rootwelt, Kjell Gunnar Gundersen, Katja Benedikte Prestø Elgstøen","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2025.2472369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02713683.2025.2472369","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The primary aim of this article was to investigate differences in the metabolomic profile of tear fluid obtained from pre-operative cataract patients, with or without dry eye disease. The objective was to look for metabolomic signatures that might discriminate between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 222 patients were enrolled in the study. Eighty-one were randomly selected for metabolomic analysis from both dry eye positive and dry eye negative groups, categorized prior to cataract surgery. Tear film was collected using Schirmer-1 strips and analyzed using an optimized method developed for low-volume Schirmer samples and allowing for repeated analyses, including other -omics approaches at a later stage. Metabolomic data were collected using a global liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method. Samples were compared using principal component analysis and volcano plots to look for overall global differences as well as group-specific metabolic signatures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All samples were analyzed with a high number of features identified. No group-specific clustering was observed in principal component analysis for the dry eye positive or dry eye negative groups. However, volcano plots revealed that a majority of the metabolomic features had lower concentration in the dry eye positive group compared to the dry eye negative group. Four of these features had a Log₂-fold change ≤ -1 and <i>p</i> value ≤.05. These warrant further study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although no overall global difference was observed on the principal component analysis plots, a general trend of lower metabolite concentrations in the dry eye disease group was shown. Moreover, several metabolites of interest were discovered with significantly different signal intensities between the groups. These metabolites may aid future diagnostics and serve as possible biomarkers and therapeutic targets for dry eye disease in pre-operative cataract patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143566305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the Effects of Timolol, Brinzolamide, Brimonidine and Netarsudil in a Rabbit Model of Water Loading-Induced Ocular Hypertension.","authors":"Junya Maruoka, Yasuhiro Takeji, Daisuke Yamashita, Keisuke Hino, Shinsaku Itoh, Yusuke Kakumoto, Kazushi Sakurai, Hiroki Urashima","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2025.2472365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02713683.2025.2472365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to compare the intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering effects of timolol (a β-blocker), brinzolamide (a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor), brimonidine (an α2-agonist) and netarsudil (a rho kinase inhibitor) in rabbits.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The experiments were performed on 52 female New Zealand white rabbits. The IOP was measured in normotensive rabbits and in water loading-induced ocular hypertension model rabbits. Thirty microliters of timolol, brinzolamide, brimonidine, netarsudil or saline was administered topically to the randomly chosen eye. Ocular hypertension was induced by the oral administration of 60 mL/kg of tap water.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In normotensive rabbits, the maximum IOP-lowering effects of timolol, brinzolamide, brimonidine, and netarsudil were 2.9 mmHg (2 h), 5.2 mmHg (1 h), 5.7 mmHg (2 h), and 3.3 mmHg (4 h), respectively. In water loading-induced ocular hypertension model rabbits, the maximum IOP-lowering effects of timolol, brinzolamide, brimonidine, and netarsudil were 3.6, 5.0, 12.2, and 5.0 mmHg, respectively. The IOP-lowering effects of brimonidine and netarsudil were sustained until 90 min after water loading.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed that timolol, brinzolamide, brimonidine and netarsudil have IOP-lowering effects in normotensive rabbits and in water loading-induced ocular hypertension model rabbits. In an ocular hypertension rabbit model, brimonidine and netarsudil, which promote aqueous humor outflow, exhibited stronger IOP-lowering effects than timolol and brinzolamide, which suppress aqueous humor production. These results could provide data for characterizing each medication. These data may aid in the development of new glaucoma medications through the combination of existing medications.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143566295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative Famciclovir Eye Drop Formulations for Herpes Zoster Infections.","authors":"Iris M Domenech-Monsell, Adrián M Alambiaga-Caravaca, Lucía Bernat-Just, Virginia Merino, Vicent Rodilla, Cristina Balaguer-Fernández, Alicia López-Castellano","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2025.2472363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02713683.2025.2472363","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Herpes zoster ophthalmicus, a manifestation of the varicella-zoster virus in the eye, presents significant clinical challenges. As there is no direct ocular treatment for this infection, new therapeutic options should be studied. Famciclovir, a widely used antiviral drug for herpes zoster, offers higher bioavailability than acyclovir (a common herpes zoster treatment). However, this drug is currently limited to oral dosage forms, which are associated with inherent limitations such as variable absorption or gastrointestinal side effects. This study aimed to formulate new famciclovir eye drops for controlled drug release and targeted delivery to the cornea and sclera.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Eye drop formulations containing various polymers (polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and chitosan) were developed and evaluated for physicochemical properties, irritation index and stability. The best performing formulation was used in <i>ex-vivo</i> diffusion and retention studies with rabbit cornea and sclera. The results were analyzed with a new HPLC validation method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The formulation with polyvinyl alcohol exhibited superior properties regarding transparency, turbidity and absence of bubbles. It maintained a physiological pH over time and had an appropriate viscosity of 19.97 ± 0.25 mPa<b>^.</b>s. Non-irritancy was confirmed by the HET-CAM test, and the formulation was stable at room temperature (25 °C), fridge (4 °C) and freezer (-80 °C). <i>Ex- vivo</i> diffusion studies revealed higher diffusion through the sclera compared to the cornea, with greater drug accumulation in sclera.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that famciclovir eye drops may offer a viable treatment for ocular herpes zoster infections. Famciclovir also diffuses and retains in targeted membranes, possibly enhancing its therapeutic effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}