Current Eye Research最新文献

{"title":"Expression of PAX6 and Keratocyte-Characteristic Markers in Human Limbal Stromal Cells of Congenital Aniridia and Healthy Subjects, <i>In Vitro</i>.","authors":"Zhen Li, Tanja Stachon, Julia Zimmermann, Simon Trusen, Fabian N Fries, Maximilian Berger, Shweta Suiwal, Ning Chai, Berthold Seitz, Lei Shi, Maryam Amini, Nóra Szentmáry","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2025.2449915","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02713683.2025.2449915","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Our aim was to examine the expression of PAX6 and keratocyte-specific markers in human limbal stromal cells (LSCs) in congenital aniridia (AN) and in healthy corneas, <i>in vitro</i>.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Primary human LSCs were extracted from individuals with aniridia (AN-LSCs) (<i>n</i> = 8) and from healthy corneas (LSCs) (<i>n</i> = 8). The cells were cultured in either normal-glucose serum-containing cell culture medium (NGSC-medium) or low-glucose serum-free cell culture medium (LGSF-medium). Analysis of PAX6 and keratocyte-specific markers was conducted using qPCR and Western blotting. The keratocyte-specific markers included Collagen I (COL1A1), Collagen III (COL3A1), Collagen V (COL5A1), α-smooth muscle actin (ACTA2), Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 3 Family, Member A1 (ALDH3A1), Keratocan (KER), Lumican (LUM), and CD34.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>PAX6</i> mRNA expression exhibited a significant decrease in AN-LSCs compared to LSCs in both NGSC- and LGSF-medium (<i>p</i> = 0.04; <i>p</i> = 0.014). There was a marked reduction in <i>COL5A1</i> mRNA expression (<i>p</i> = 0.011), accompanied by notably higher <i>ALDH3A1</i> and <i>KER</i> mRNA levels (<i>p</i> = 0.007; <i>p</i> = 0.013) in AN-LSCs compared to LSCs when using NGSC-medium. In LGSF-medium, AN-LSCs showed a significant increase in <i>COL1A1</i> and <i>COL5A1</i> mRNA expression compared to LSCs (<i>p</i> = 0.048; <i>p</i> = 0.002). Moreover, COL1A1 and α-SMA protein expression were significantly elevated in AN-LSCs compared to LSCs in LGSF-medium (<i>p</i> = 0.048, <i>p</i> = 0.008).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our investigation affirms the altered expression of PAX6 and keratocyte-specific markers in AN-LSCs relative to healthy controls. Both NGSC- and LGSF-medium exerted distinct effects on both LSCs and AN-LSCs. The observed variations in PAX6 and keratocyte-specific marker expression in AN-LSCs may play a pivotal role in the development and progression of aniridia-associated keratopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":" ","pages":"362-372"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142946274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2025.2472506","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02713683.2025.2472506","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":" ","pages":"460"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting CCL5 Attenuates Fibrosis via Activation of PI3k/Akt Signaling Axis After Glaucoma Filtration Surgery.","authors":"Baixue Zhu, Ran Wei, Xinying Li, Qingyun Bi","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2024.2432399","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02713683.2024.2432399","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Glaucoma filtration surgery (GFS) stands as a paramount clinical intervention for glaucoma. Nonetheless, the prevalent cause of GFS failure is filtration bleb scarring, and the role of inflammation and immune response in contributing to fibrosis remains elusive.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study employed 30 female Sprague-Dawley rats (8 weeks old, 200-250 g) to assess the anti-scarring impact of the Chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 5 (CCR5)-Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5) antibody after GFS. Additionally, anti-fibrotic effects on HConFs were examined, creating an intra-operative inflammatory response using damaged-HConFs supernatant medium (DHSM). <i>In vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> validation aimed to elucidate the potential anti-fibrotic molecular mechanism of the CCR5-CCL5 antibody.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CCR5-CCL5 antibody effectively prolonged filtration bleb duration and enhanced the functionality of the filtered bleb. Improved postoperative intraocular pressure values (IOP) and morphological images were observed in the CCR5-CCL5 antibody-treated group. Histochemical staining and cellular experiments confirmed the antifibrotic function of the CCR5-CCL5 antibody. Notably, M2-type macrophage polarization was reduced in the CCR5-CCL5 antibody-treated model. CCL5-induced fibrosis in HConFs was mediated through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Consistently, inhibition of PI3K/Akt significantly attenuated the profibrotic effects of CCR5-CCL5. Mechanistically, the CCL5 antibody exerts its antifibrotic effect by targeting CCR5 on HConFs, leading to the inhibition of the PI3K/Akt mechanism.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study unveils that CCR5-CCL5 promotes fibrosis in GFS through inflammatory stimulation of HConFs and enhanced activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. The findings suggest that intraoperative CCR5-CCL5 antibody treatment could serve as a cost-effective therapeutic agent or a useful adjuvant in preventing ocular bleb scar formation.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":" ","pages":"394-404"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142767022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computed Tomography - Dacryocystography Guided Management of Traumatic Secondary Acquired Lacrimal Duct Obstruction: SALDO Update Study (SUP) - Paper V.","authors":"Ayushi Agarwal, Mohammad Javed Ali, Nandini Bothra","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2025.2452914","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02713683.2025.2452914","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the role of computed tomography-dacryocystography (CT-DCG) in the management of traumatic secondary acquired lacrimal duct obstruction (SALDO) and study its correlation with the intra-operative findings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective interventional case series. Eighty-five lacrimal drainage systems (LDS) of 79 patients diagnosed with traumatic SALDO, who underwent pre-operative CT-DCG, between January 2019 and June 2023, were analyzed. The lacrimal intervention included endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (En-DCR), external DCR(Ex-DCR), or dacryocystectomy (DCT) based on the clinical presentation, CT-DCG findings, local and systemic factors. Anatomical and functional outcomes were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-five LDS of 79 patients with a mean age of 32 years and male predominance (<i>n</i> = 70, 89%) were studied. The median time of trauma to clinical presentation was 12 months and the duration of epiphora was 8 months. Naso-orbito-ethmoid fractures were seen in 56 (66%) cases and cribriform plate fracture in 5 (6%) patients. CT-DCG revealed a dilated sac in 60 (71%) LDS, shrunken in 13 (15%), while the sac could not be visualized in 3 (4%) LDS. Relative lacrimal sac displacement was seen in 51 (64%) LDS of which 21 (41%) were displaced posteriorly, 18 (35%) superiorly, 5 (10%) inferiorly, and 8 (16%) into the anterior orbit. Sac - duct junction was the most common location of obstruction (<i>n</i> = 78, 92%). At a mean follow up period of 3.5 months, 62 of the 63 LDS surgeries performed (98%) demonstrated anatomical and functional success. Of the 63 operated LDS, CT-DCG findings corroborated with intra-operative findings in 60 (95%) LDS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CT-DCG helps decide the surgical approach, possible complications, intra-operative course and hence has the potential to influence the outcomes. A thorough understanding of CT-DCG, therefore, should be a part of a Dacryologist's armamentarium for managing complex SALDO.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":" ","pages":"454-459"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143001514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Retinal and Choroidal Microvascularity in Patients with Benign Essential Blepharospasm.","authors":"Husna Topcu, Fatma Poslu Karademir, Mehmet Goksel Ulas, Burcu Kemer Atik, Ayse Cetin Efe, Kubra Serefoglu Cabuk","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2025.2451612","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02713683.2025.2451612","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the retinal and choroidal microvascular changes in patients with benign essential blepharospasm (BEB) and to investigate the factors that may be effective on microvascularity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included patients with BEB and healthy controls. All participants underwent a comprehensive examination followed by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Macular vascular perfusion density (VPD), foveal avascular zone (FAZ), and subfoveal choroidal thickness (CT) were measured. The clinical findings of the BEB group and the administration of botulinum toxin A (BTx-A) prior to OCTA imaging were recorded retrospectively from the medical records.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 16 patients with BEB and 20 healthy controls were included in this study. VPD values in all quadrants of the superficial and deep macular capillary plexus were significantly different in the BEB group compared to the control group (each <i>p</i>-value <0.05). In the choriocapillaris layer, VPD was significantly higher in the superior, nasal, and temporal quadrants compared to the control group (each <i>p</i>-value <0.05). The BEB group exhibited significantly smaller superficial and deep FAZ values compared to the control group, consistent with the observed increase in vascular density (each <i>p</i>-value <0.05). CT was thinner in the BEB group, although not statistically significant (<i>p</i> = 0.138). No correlation was found between the total dose of BTx-A administered to the BEB group and OCTA parameters (each <i>p</i>-value >0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Benign essential blepharospasm may be associated with increased retinal vascular density in the superficial and deep capillary plexus and decreased FAZ area.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":" ","pages":"431-436"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143001515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OCTA and Microperimetry Changes Preceding the Appearance of Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes.","authors":"Daniela Rego-Lorca, Manel Mateu-Salat, Ana Chico, Alberto Molina-Montero, Jesús Díaz-Cascajosa, José Ignacio Vela-Segarra","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2024.2435357","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02713683.2024.2435357","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>to evaluate changes in retinal microvasculature and sensitivity (RS) preceding the appearance of diabetic retinopathy (DR) among patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>in this observational cross-sectional cohort study, vascular parameters measured by OCTA and RS evaluated by microperimetry were assessed in patients with T1D without DR (no-DR), T1D with mild DR (m-DR), and healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-two eyes of 31 patients with T1D and 40 eyes of 20 healthy patients were included. OCTA examinations did not yield any significant differences in terms of perfusion density (PD), vascular density (VD), foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, FAZ perimeter or FAZ circularity between patients with diabetes (no-DR <i>vs.</i> m-DR). However, comparisons between healthy controls and patients with diabetes (both no-DR and m-DR groups) revealed statistically significant differences in PD, VD, and FAZ area. Similarly, no significant differences were observed between no-DR and m-DR groups regarding RS, gaze fixation stability (GFS), or macular integrity (MI). Nevertheless, mean RS and MI were significantly impaired in patients with T1D, both in no-DR and m-DR groups, compared to healthy controls. A statistically significant positive correlation was observed between RS and PD and between FAZ area and RS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>although no differences were found between patients with diabetes without DR and those with mild DR, these patients already demonstrated some degree of retinal impairment, both structural and functional, when compared to healthy controls. Our data support the hypothesis that neurodegeneration occurs together with microvascular damage at early stages of diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":" ","pages":"405-409"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142784548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scleral Remodeling in Early Recovery from Induced Experimental Myopia.","authors":"Denise Hileeto, Jonathan M Wong, Elizabeth L Irving","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2024.2443221","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02713683.2024.2443221","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To explore the contribution and impact of fibrous scleral remodeling in the early recovery from lens induced myopia of chicks.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Refractive error, axial length and histopathological studies were performed on chicks subject to myopic influence with -10 D goggles unilaterally on the day of hatching for a period of 14 days, after which the eyes were enucleated and immediately fixed for histopathological assessment. Three groups, myopia (measurements taken directly after 14 days), early recovery from induced myopia (chicks allowed a three-hour recovery period by removing goggles before analysis) and control (no goggles) were evaluated. The histological slides were assessed with bright field microscopy using Leica image analysis software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Early recovery from induced myopia resulted in a significant increase in the thickness of fibrous sclera to levels twice as high as the ones observed in the control or myopia groups. Histochemical staining revealed three times increase in fibroblast cell count of the early recovery from induced myopia group along with a statistically significant increase in levels of elastin contents relative to the control. However, fibroblast morphometry revealed no difference in maximum cell diameter, perimeter, and area between all experimental groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Recovery from induced experimental myopia results in fibrous scleral remodeling. Significant increase in the scleral thickness is related to heightened cell proliferation and elastic fiber contents. These results indicate that the fibrous sclera is not a passive component in the emmetropization process, but rather plays a significant and active role in the adaptation changes of the eye during early recovery from induced myopia.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":" ","pages":"448-453"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142876597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brolucizumab and Platelet Activation and Reactivity.","authors":"B Sobolewska, S Poeschel, H Kalbacher, K Bieber, A M Paczulla Stanger, Konstantinos Stellos, F Ziemssen","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2024.2441245","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02713683.2024.2441245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study explores the potential interaction of brolucizumab with platelets and its effects on platelet activation and reactivity, crucial in retinal vasculitis and retinal vascular occlusion. Safety concerns remain of interest, although brolucizumab showed superior retinal efficacy and reduced injection frequency compared to other licensed anti-VEGF agents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Resting and activated platelets of healthy volunteers were pretreated with brolucizumab at the following concentrations 0.6 µg/mL, 3 µg/mL, 6 µg/mL, 300 µg/mL, and 3000 µ/mL or its solvent or PBS. The surface expression of platelet activation markers GPIIb/IIIa and P-selectin was determined by multispectral imaging flow cytometry, which combines flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. Two different methods were used to examine the interaction of brolucizumab with platelets: 1) A cross-pretreatment experiment was performed with FITC-labeled brolucizumab and bevacizumab; 2) Resting and activated platelets were pretreated with brolucizumab or its solvent or PBS, followed by anti-brolucizumab antibody generated by rabbit immunization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Brolucizumab did not significantly affect platelet activation compared to solvent or PBS, across a range of concentrations. No significant upregulation of CD62P and no activation of the fibrinogen receptor (GPIIb/IIa) were observed in resting and TRAP-activated platelets. After pretreatment with PBS, the level of brolucizumab-FITC was significantly lower in comparison to bevacizumab-FITC (normalized MFI = 3.32, CI = 3.16-3.48 vs. normalized MFI = 7.19, CI = 7.04-7.35; <i>p</i> < 0.001). Both brolucizumab- and bevacizumab-FITC were downregulated after pretreatment with brolucizumab or bevacizumab compared to pretreatment with PBS. Antibodies against brolucizumab did not show any significant difference between pretreatment with brolucizumab and its solvent in resting and TRAP-activated platelets.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Brolucizumab does not appear to directly affect platelet activation or reactivity to thrombin receptor agonists. No platelet interaction was observed after increasing brolucizumab concentrations or anti-brolucizumab antibodies in resting and activated platelets. However, brolucizumab might be taken up in platelets.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":" ","pages":"410-419"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142930765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complications of Silicone Oil as Vitreous Tamponade in Pars Plana Vitrectomy: A Mini Review.","authors":"Ramon Antunes De Oliveira, Octaviano Magalhaes Junior, Juan Pablo Dos Santos Rossi, Luca Bongiovanni de Miranda Gonçalves, Gabriel Nunes de Figueiredo Cavalcanti, André Maia, Rodrigo Antonio Brant Fernandes, Michel Eid Farah, Mauricio Maia","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2024.2409883","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02713683.2024.2409883","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Silicone oil (SO) has been used as a vitreous tamponade for decades. Surgical complications such as glaucoma, cataract, or emulsification are well known. Despite that, increasing case reports of unexplained visual loss after SO removal is concerning because there is no treatment available. This article describes practical complications related to SO use and advantages/disadvantages for consideration regarding the choice of a vitreous substitute in practice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature review was conducted for publications related to silicone oil, heavy silicone oil, and vitreous substitutes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This article summarizes the SO chemical and physical properties including both SO and heavy SO and postoperative complications such as corneal decompensation, glaucoma, hypotony, cataract, optic neuropathy. Surgical complications such as over/underfilling, SO migration/emulsification, sticky SO and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) simulating epiretinal membranes formation, recurrent retinal detachments, SO unexplained visual loss, and permanent SO, are described. A brief overview on potential vitreous substitutes is presented.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The decision to use SO as vitreous substitute in daily practice is based on the severity of retinal diseases and surgeon experience. SO potential complications must not be underestimated. The pursuit of novel safer vitreous substitutes is imperative.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":" ","pages":"353-361"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142388736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Normalized Reflectivity of Middle Limiting Membrane on SD-OCT: A Measure of Acute Ischemia in CRVO.","authors":"Sebastian Bemme, Sheila Büchel, Hans Hoerauf, Nicolas Feltgen, Christian van Oterendorp","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2025.2452941","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02713683.2025.2452941","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To validate the quantification of the prominent middle limiting membrane (PMLM) sign, a marker of mild-to-moderate acute ischemic damage on optical coherence tomography (OCT), by measuring middle limiting membrane (MLM) reflectivity in patients with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) and to investigate the prognostic impact of this measure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Spectral Domain (SD)-OCT B-scans of 30 patients with CRVO, either sole CRVO or combined central retinal artery and vein occlusion (CCRAVO), were analyzed retrospectively and graded as PMLM present or absent. Normalized MLM reflectivity was calculated as a ratio of the maximum reflectivity within a MLM target layer and the average reflectivity of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Discrimination between OCT B-scans graded as PMLM present or absent based on ROC analysis was far superior with normalized MLM reflectivity (AUC >0.90) than using MLM reflectivity without normalization (AUC = 0.70). Normalized MLM reflectivity was significantly higher in study eyes than healthy fellow eyes as well as in patients with CCRAVO versus sole CRVO. Although normalized MLM reflectivity correlated significantly with baseline and outcome BCVA, we found no significant difference comparing patients with ischemic CRVO versus non-ischemic CRVO.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Quantifying MLM reflectivity requires normalization due to shadowing, which is usually caused by retinal haemorrhages in CRVO. RPE reflectivity proved to be a suitable reference layer. Greater normalized MLM reflectivity as a measure of mild-to-moderate acute ischemic damage indicated a worse prognosis regarding visual function in CRVO, however, it allows no risk assessment regarding the development of capillary non-perfusion or anterior segment neovascularization.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":" ","pages":"437-447"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143022502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}