Current Eye Research最新文献

{"title":"A Comparison of the 360° Versus 180° of Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty (SLT) in the Treatment of Open Angle Glaucoma (OAG) and Ocular Hypertension (OHT): A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Dillan Cunha Amaral, Jaime Guedes, Pedro Henrique Santana Moreira, Sacha Pereira, Lucas Neves de Oliveira, Ana Luiza Machado Ribeiro Pimentel, Karina de Oliveira Caneca, Mário Luiz Ribeiro Monteiro, Ricardo Noguera Louzada","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2025.2485223","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02713683.2025.2485223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>There are several divergences in the literature regarding the safety and effectiveness of selective laser trabeculoplasty application at 360° vs. 180°. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of selective laser trabeculoplasty at 180° and 360° in open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review and meta-analysis, registered with International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42024501311), conducted searches in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library from inception to January 2024. The protocol is registered in International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews under the same registration number. Primary outcomes included mean intraocular pressure change at 1, 6, 12, and 24 months, success ratio, and adverse events. Statistical analysis utilized R version 4.3.2 (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The meta-analysis included nine studies, involving 1065 eyes. Compared to 180° selective laser trabeculoplasty, 360° selective laser trabeculoplasty demonstrated superior success ratios (odds ratio 1.63; <i>p</i> = .002) and intraocular pressure reduction at 1 (mean difference -0.99; <i>p</i> < .01), 6 (mean difference -1.37; <i>p</i> < .01), and 12 (mean difference -1.41; <i>p</i> < .01) months. Although the intraocular pressure difference at 24 months was not statistically significant, a subgroup analysis showed that one study influenced heterogeneity and effect size. Adverse event rates did not significantly differ between the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>360° selective laser trabeculoplasty is preferred for initial laser therapy in open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. It achieves maximal intraocular pressure reduction while maintaining an excellent safety profile.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":" ","pages":"828-838"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143970111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Haptic Design, Passing Direction, and Inter-Flange Distance on the Position of the Intraocular Lens during 4-Flanged Intrascleral Fixation.","authors":"Jong Hwa Jun, Seung Pil Bang, Kyu Young Shim, Alexander C Lieu, Natalie A Afshari","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2025.2495218","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02713683.2025.2495218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We aimed to investigate the effect of haptic design, direction of suture passage, and distance between flanges on the haptic-iris distance after four-flanged scleral fixation of a single-piece intraocular lens with four eyelets.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>After marking the 3 and 9 o'clock positions on the limbus, each 26-G needle was positioned 2.0 mm posterior to the limbus and passed 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 mm away from the markings at 3 o'clock and 9 o'clock, respectively. We passed each end of a 5-0 polypropylene suture anteroposteriorly or posteroanteriorly through two unilateral eyelets. The haptic-iris distance was evaluated using anterior-segment optical coherence tomography.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Passing the suture through the eyelets in the posteroanterior direction yielded a wider haptic-iris distance than that achieved by passing the suture in the anteroposterior direction (<i>p</i> < 0.001, respectively). A wider distance between the polypropylene flanges correlated with reduced distortion of haptic structures. Fixation of the Akreos AO with a 4.0-mm suture spacing induced a wider haptic-iris distance (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Passing sutures through the eyelet in the posteroanterior direction during intrascleral fixation proved to be more effective in securing a sufficient haptic-iris distance. A wider distance between flanges was beneficial in preventing structural distortion of the haptic and ensuring a proper distance between the haptic and iris.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":" ","pages":"820-827"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Capsular Tension Ring Implantation on Postoperative Rotational Stability and Visual Performance of a Multifocal Toric Intraocular Lens.","authors":"Jiao Qi, Xiaoxin Hu, Wenwen He, Keke Zhang, Jiaqi Meng, Yi Lu, Xiangjia Zhu","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2025.2495219","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02713683.2025.2495219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the effect of capsular tension ring (CTR) implantation on postoperative rotational stability and visual performance of a plate-haptic multifocal toric intraocular lens in highly and non-highly myopic eyes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Consecutive cataract patients intended for phacoemulsification and plate-haptic multifocal toric IOL (AT LISA 909 M) implantation were enrolled and randomized to receive either co-implantation of a CTR or not. Axial length (AL) ≥ 26 mm was defined as highly myopic (HM) eyes. At 3 months postoperatively, IOL rotation degree, residual astigmatism, visual acuity, higher-order aberrations, modulation transfer function, dysfunctional lens index (DLI), and quality of vision index (QVI) were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This prospective cohort study included 44 eyes with CTR implanted and 43 without. In HM eyes, the CTR group showed significantly smaller degree of IOL rotation and less residual astigmatism compared to the non-CTR group, however, no such differences were found in non-HM eyes (both <i>p</i> > 0.05). Furthermore, in HM eyes, despite no difference in visual acuity, the CTR group exhibited significantly lower spherical aberrations and higher DLI and QVI compared to the non-CTR group (all <i>p</i> < 0.05), although no such differences were observed in non-HM eyes (all <i>p</i> > 0.05). Multivariate analysis identified longer AL, larger white-to-white, and non-use of CTR as independent risk factors for greater IOL rotation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The co-implantation of CTR improves the rotational stability of a multifocal toric IOL in HM eyes, hence subsequently enhancing visual quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":" ","pages":"812-819"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143984193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observation of Soft Contact Lens-Related Meibomian Gland Abnormalities Before Corneal Refractive Surgery.","authors":"Le Tian, Dewei Li, Feifei Zhang, Yi Song, Luqin Wan, Mingming Zhou, Min Chen","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2025.2537291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02713683.2025.2537291","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>By observing the dry eye index, meibomian glands (MGs), corneal dendritic cells (DCs) and nerve fiber density (CNFD) in patients who have been wearing soft contact lenses continuously and those who have stopped wearing them before corneal refractive surgery, analyze the characteristics of soft contact lens-related MGs abnormalities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Collected patient datas and divided into a control group, a wearing group and a stop wearing group. All patients underwent oculus keratography examination, the wearing and the stop wearing group underwent confocal microscopy examination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The MGs defect rate and the number of obstructive MGs in the wearing group were significantly higher than those in the stopping group (<i>p</i> < 0.01). The MG scores of the wearing group were significantly higher than those of the control group (<i>p</i> < 0.01). The wearing group had an increase in DCs and a decrease in central CNDF compared to the stopping group (<i>p</i> < 0.01). The duration of continual use of contact lenses correlated with the MGs defect rate and the number of obstructive MGs(<i>p</i> < 0.05). The length of time since discontinuation correlated with the number of obstructive MGs, central DCs density, and central CNFD(<i>p</i> < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Long term continuous wearing of soft contact lenses leads to MGs abnormalities, and DCs increased in all directions of the cornea, CNFD decreased in the central area of the cornea. There were immune and neurological factors involved in soft contact lens-related MGs abnormalities in middle-aged and young people, and the severity varies among individuals. When stopped wearing soft contact lenses exceed one week, the morphological changes of MGs occured earlier.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144759400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Optic Nerve, Macula, and Choroidal Parameters in Newly Diagnosed Migraine Patients and Healthy Controls.","authors":"Yusa Bulent Kisaboy, Pinar Orenc, Hulya Gungel, Cagla Sisman","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2025.2536583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02713683.2025.2536583","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Retinal vascular occlusion, ischemic optic neuropathy, and normotensive glaucoma have been found to be associated with migraine in several studies. By examining the optic nerve, macula, and choroid of newly diagnosed migraine (NDM) patients, this study aims to investigate possible early changes in these structures, thus guiding both the diagnosis and treatment of migraine.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-one (82 eyes) NDM patients and 41 (82 eyes) healthy controls (HC) were enrolled in this prospective cohort study. Participants were divided into two groups, the NDM group and the HC group, and optic nerve, macula, and choroid structures were prospectively examined and compared with both intra-group and inter-group comparison methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the inter-group comparison performed by using Generalized Estimating Equations analysis, all Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness (RNFL) parameters were statistically significantly lower in the NDM group compared to the HC group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Regarding the ganglion cell complex (GCC) and choroidal parameters, statistically significant differences were found between the two groups in all parameters except for choroidal thickness (CT). In the NDM intra-group comparison, temporal RNFL, temporal-upper RNFL, and temporal-lower RNFL values of the right eye (RE) were significantly lower than the left eye (LE); nasal RNFL, nasal upper RNFL, and nasal lower RNFL values of the LE were significantly lower than the RE (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Statistically significant values in RNFL, GCC, and choroid in the NDM group indicate the possible early changes in optic nerve, macula, and choroid in NDM patients. In intra-NDM group comparison, lower values of the temporal RNFL sectors in the RE and nasal RNFL sectors in the LE may suggest the involvement of the lateral geniculate nucleus in migraine.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Age-Related Changes in Human Lens Stiffness Through a Novel Non-Invasive Method Using Shear Wave Ultrasound Elastography.","authors":"Alaa Hussein Qader, Norafida Binti Bahari, Ezamin Bin Abdul Rahim, Rafidah Binti Md Saleh, Muhsonat Binti Mohamad Zain, Amanj Kurdi","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2025.2535738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02713683.2025.2535738","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Presbyopia is an age-related condition characterized by diminished near-vision, primarily due to changes in the lens' adaptive capacity. Shear Wave Ultrasound Elastography (SWE) offers a novel/noninvasive method to measure lens stiffness and could potentially enhance our understanding of presbyopia's development. We aimed to use SWE to assess the elasticity of the human lens and explore the correlation between lens flexibility, age, presbyopia, and accommodation capacity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional analysis was conducted with 84 participants (mean age = 39.61 ± 9.60) from a government hospital in Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia. Eligibility was confirmed through refractive error and visual acuity tests. Selected participants underwent SWE scanning, and measurements of accommodation and presbyopia were taken. Statistical analysis included descriptive summaries and Pearson correlation coefficients to examine relationships between lens elasticity age, presbyopia, and amplitude of accommodation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis demonstrated a weak correlation between lens elasticity and age in nonpresbyopic group (<i>r</i> = 0.289) while positive strong correlation in presbyopic group (<i>r</i> = 0.674). A strong positive correlation was observed between lens elasticity and presbyopia in presbyopic group (<i>r</i> = 0.612). Moreover, there was a negative correlation with accommodation in both groups, (r = -0.358) for nonpresbyopic and (r = -0.493) presbyopic group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While lens elasticity diminishes with age, changes in ocular biomechanical properties impact lens function, particularly affecting near vision. Importantly, SWE is found to be an effective tool for assessing age-related changes in lens elasticity and presbyopia across various age groups, highlighting its potential for broader clinical application in diagnosing and understanding presbyopia.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144728506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative Assessment of Choriocapillaris Blood Flow in Diabetic Retinopathy Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.","authors":"Binzhe Fu, Jiajia Liu, Sheng Wang, Shuxian Feng, Yining Dai, Rong Liu, Wenliang Chen, Chen Xi Li","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2025.2537284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02713683.2025.2537284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To develop an automated method for segmenting and quantifying the choriocapillaris (CC) layer using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA), aimed at evaluating CC perfusion changes in diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients and facilitating clinical research.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We proposed a traditional image processing algorithm combining shadow compensation and intensity gradients to segment the CC layer in eyes at various stages of DR. The algorithm was refined for artifact removal in CC blood flow analysis. It was tested on 25 manually segmented cases including normal eyes, non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). CC blood flow quantification was performed on 69 subjects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The segmentation algorithm showed high accuracy, with a maximum mean positional error of 4.086 ± 4.304 μm for Bruch's membrane (BM) and a minimum average DICE coefficient of 0.831 for CC segmentation. The CC flow deficit percentage (FD%) for normal eyes, NPDR eyes, and PDR eyes were 9.79 ± 2.29%, 12.25 ± 3.89%, and 15.35 ± 4.00%, respectively, with significant differences between groups (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The automated CC segmentation and quantification algorithm developed in this study provides an accurate and reliable method for assessing CC in DR patients. This method has potential for widespread clinical application in evaluating CC perfusion changes across various stages of DR.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144706611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Effect of Nephropathy and Neuropathy on Response to Short-Term Intravitreal Anti-Vegf Treatment in Diabetic Macular Edema: An Optical Coherence Tomography-Angiography Study.","authors":"Buse Oz Onar, Sevcan Balci, Yilmaz Cetinkaya, Melike Betul Ogutmen, Nursal Melda Yenerel","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2025.2533345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02713683.2025.2533345","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the effects of nephropathy and neuropathy on short-term anatomical and functional responses to intravitreal anti-VEGF treatment in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME), using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This prospective study included 34 eyes from 34 DME patients who received three monthly intravitreal anti-VEGF injections. Patients were stratified based on renal function (eGFR ≥90 vs. <90 mL/min/1.73 m²; UACR <30 vs. ≥30 mg/g) and the presence of diabetic neuropathy confirmed by EMG. Functional (BCVA) and anatomical (central macular thickness, vessel densities in the superficial and deep capillary plexus, and FAZ area) changes were compared across subgroups using OCTA at baseline and 3 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of all patients, BCVA improved significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and central macular thickness (CMT) decreased significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.01) after treatment. However, eyes with nephropathy (eGFR <90) showed smaller reductions in CMT compared to those without nephropathy, though the difference was not statistically significant (<i>p</i> = 0.68). Patients with neuropathy showed less improvement in BCVA and reduced changes in superficial and deep vessel densities. OCTA parameters showed modest, variable responses across all subgroups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nephropathy and neuropathy do not seem to affect the functional recovery response to short-term intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy for DME. Nephropathy affects peripapillary vascular density.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144697837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exosomes in Ocular Health and Disease.","authors":"Elie Beit-Yannai","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2025.2515996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02713683.2025.2515996","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Exosomes, small extracellular vesicles ranging from 30 to 150 nm in diameter, have emerged as crucial mediators of intercellular communication in ocular tissues. This review explores the roles of exosomes in ocular health and disease, focusing on their biogenesis, functions in different eye structures, and potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic agents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This comprehensive review synthesizes current research on ocular exosomes, drawing from global studies to present an integrated view of exosome biology in the eye.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exosomes play vital roles in maintaining retinal homeostasis, corneal function, and lens transparency. They are implicated in the pathogenesis of major eye diseases, including glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy. Recent advances have revealed the potential of exosomes as biomarkers for early disease detection and as vehicles for targeted drug delivery. Emerging technologies, such as microfluidics and nanotechnology, enhance exosome isolation and analysis capabilities.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Exosome research in ophthalmology is rapidly advancing, offering promising avenues for novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. However, challenges remain in standardization, scalability, and clinical translation. Addressing these issues and ethical considerations will be crucial for realizing the full potential of exosomes in improving ocular health outcomes globally.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144689162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Proteomic Study of Different Types of Diabetic Macular Edema.","authors":"Shuang Wu, Xin Zhou, Libo Wang, Dongyi Yu, Zhiyue Wang, Xuguo Xu","doi":"10.1080/02713683.2025.2516806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02713683.2025.2516806","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study investigates distinct protein markers associated with different morphologic features of diabetic macular edema, focusing on diffuse retinal thickening, cystoid macular edema, and cystoid macular degeneration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 48 eyes of 33 patients with diabetic macular edema were included in the study and categorized into the aforementioned groups. Preoperative aqueous humor samples were collected from nine diabetic macular edema patients and subjected to tandem mass spectrometry labeling using tandem mass tags quantitative proteomics analysis to compare protein profiles in the aqueous humor among the different morphologic features of diabetic macular edema.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis revealed that the efficacy of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment was significantly better in the diffuse retinal thickening and cystoid macular edema groups compared to the cystoid macular degeneration group (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Differential expression analysis identified 31 upregulated and 43 downregulated proteins in the diffuse retinal thickening group compared to the cystoid macular degeneration group, with upregulated proteins associated with vasoconstriction, apoptotic processes, complement system, and peptidase inhibitors, and downregulated proteins associated with protein kinase and positive regulation of cell cycle regulation. Similarly, the cystoid macular edema group showed 31 upregulated and 32 downregulated proteins compared to the cystoid macular degeneration group, with upregulated proteins associated with the Wnt signaling pathway and extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction, and downregulated proteins associated with high-density lipoprotein (HDL), cholesterol positive regulation. The screening criteria for differentially expressed proteins were fold change >1.2 or <0.83 and <i>P</i> < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Associations were found between cystoid macular degeneration formation and factors like the complement system, apoptotic pathway, and lipid metabolizing factors, providing insights for further understanding diabetic macular edema pathogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":10782,"journal":{"name":"Current Eye Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144689161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}