Communications Earth & Environment最新文献_第4页

Year-round movement of emperor penguin colonies observed from space. 从太空观察到的帝企鹅群体全年的运动。

IF 9.3 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-02 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-026-03906-0

Grant J Macdonald, Stewart S R Jamieson, Chris R Stokes, Peter T Fretwell, Michelle LaRue, Rose T N Foster-Dyer, Stéphanie Jenouvrier

{"title":"Year-round movement of emperor penguin colonies observed from space.","authors":"Grant J Macdonald, Stewart S R Jamieson, Chris R Stokes, Peter T Fretwell, Michelle LaRue, Rose T N Foster-Dyer, Stéphanie Jenouvrier","doi":"10.1038/s43247-026-03906-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43247-026-03906-0","url":null,"abstract":"Emperor penguins are threatened by climate change and their population is predicted to decline rapidly this century due to changes in Antarctic sea ice. Remote sensing is a key tool for monitoring emperor penguins but analysis has been restricted to spring/summer due to a lack of optical imagery during the polar night. Here we show Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) can be used to observe the movement of penguin colonies throughout winter. We combine winter SAR imagery with medium-resolution summer optical imagery to track the year-round movement of colonies at Atka Bay, Coulman Island, and Cape Washington, 2017-2024. Although emperor penguins are less mobile than during summer, all three colonies exhibit movement in winter, but which varies between years and colonies. At times, different groups within the colonies synchronously move away from the fast ice edge despite its apparent stability. We demonstrate that SAR is an important tool for understanding emperor penguin behaviour throughout their breeding cycle, and particularly their response to environmental forcing and change during winter.","PeriodicalId":10530,"journal":{"name":"Communications Earth & Environment","volume":"7 1","pages":"703"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13538044/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148886596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Amazonian trees under long-term drought exposure are more resilient to El Niño extreme. 长期遭受干旱的亚马逊树木对极端厄尔尼诺Niño的抵抗力更强。

IF 9.3 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-14 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-026-03887-0

Lion R Martius, Pablo Sanchez-Martinez, Vanessa Negrão-Rodrigues, Paulo Bittencourt, Wout Cherlet, Wouter van den Broeck, Zane Cooper, Louise Terryn, Caterina Buranelli, Calil Torres-Amaral, Ross Deans, Oliver Binks, Mateus C Silva, Anthony Barbosa da Silva, Renan Domingues Pacheco, Grazielle Sales Teodoro, João Athaydes Silva Junior, Kim Calders, Mathias Disney, Sassan Saatchi, Edward T A Mitchard, Rafael S Oliveira, Lucy Rowland, Antonio Carlos Lola da Costa, Maurizio Mencuccini, Patrick Meir

{"title":"Amazonian trees under long-term drought exposure are more resilient to El Niño extreme.","authors":"Lion R Martius, Pablo Sanchez-Martinez, Vanessa Negrão-Rodrigues, Paulo Bittencourt, Wout Cherlet, Wouter van den Broeck, Zane Cooper, Louise Terryn, Caterina Buranelli, Calil Torres-Amaral, Ross Deans, Oliver Binks, Mateus C Silva, Anthony Barbosa da Silva, Renan Domingues Pacheco, Grazielle Sales Teodoro, João Athaydes Silva Junior, Kim Calders, Mathias Disney, Sassan Saatchi, Edward T A Mitchard, Rafael S Oliveira, Lucy Rowland, Antonio Carlos Lola da Costa, Maurizio Mencuccini, Patrick Meir","doi":"10.1038/s43247-026-03887-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43247-026-03887-0","url":null,"abstract":"The rising frequency and intensity of extreme droughts across the Amazon raises uncertainty about the capacity of tropical forests to adjust to future climate. Here, we combined the severe 2023 El Niño drought with a multi-decadal throughfall-exclusion experiment to compare eco-physiological resilience between pre-exposed drought-primed trees (PT) and untreated controls (CT). During El Niño, PTs reduced transpiration by 25%, while CTs declined by up to 54% relative to pre-drought levels. Post-drought, PTs fully recovered transpiration, whereas CTs recovered only to 77.5%, showing legacy effects and pronounced leaf area loss. These differences were reinforced by long-term structural changes (i.e., mortality) in the TFE, which reduced water competition during extreme drought. Tree structural data revealed a significantly smaller crown-to-stem size ratio in PTs, reducing sensitivity to evaporative demand and underpinning their enhanced drought resistance and resilience. These findings reveal that physiological resilience to extreme events can emerge from long-term drought exposure through structural adjustments at both ecosystem and individual tree scale.","PeriodicalId":10530,"journal":{"name":"Communications Earth & Environment","volume":"7 1","pages":"738"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13574715/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148976000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ice-marginal proglacial lakes enhance outlet glacier velocities across Greenland. 冰缘原冰湖增强了整个格陵兰岛的冰川出口速度。

IF 9.3 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-026-03363-9

Connie M Harpur, Mark W Smith, Jonathan L Carrivick, Duncan J Quincey, Liam Taylor

引用次数: 0

Advected carbon younger than the sediment fuels microbial metabolism in a pumped deep aquifer. 比沉积物更年轻的平流碳在抽水深层含水层中为微生物代谢提供燃料。

IF 9.3 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-08 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-026-03590-0

Brian J Mailloux, Kazi Matin Ahmed, Afsana Akter, Sarah Blau, Benjamin Bostick, Bruce A Buchholz, Imtiaz Choudhury, Tyler Ellis, Charles Harvey, Mahfuzur Khan, Madeleine Killough, Maggie C Y Lau Vetter, Holly Michael, Rajib Mozumder, Katharine Scanlan, Greg Slater, Elizabeth Trembath-Reichert, Alexander van Geen

{"title":"Advected carbon younger than the sediment fuels microbial metabolism in a pumped deep aquifer.","authors":"Brian J Mailloux, Kazi Matin Ahmed, Afsana Akter, Sarah Blau, Benjamin Bostick, Bruce A Buchholz, Imtiaz Choudhury, Tyler Ellis, Charles Harvey, Mahfuzur Khan, Madeleine Killough, Maggie C Y Lau Vetter, Holly Michael, Rajib Mozumder, Katharine Scanlan, Greg Slater, Elizabeth Trembath-Reichert, Alexander van Geen","doi":"10.1038/s43247-026-03590-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43247-026-03590-0","url":null,"abstract":"Ever deeper wells are drilled worldwide to pump potable groundwater. Recent studies argue that overpumping compresses clays and releases reactive dissolved organic carbon (DOC), which in turn drives a series of microbial reactions that affect groundwater potability including arsenic concentrations. Here, we use a novel method to measure the radiocarbon ages of microbial RNA to determine the source of reactive or metabolizable DOC and argue against the compression of clays as the sole source of carbon. We show that microbial RNA (5,230; 5,550; 6,250 yr; n = 3 wells), DOC (280-10,800 yr; n = 13), and methane (modern to 6,240 yr; n = 3), from an overpumped deep aquifer in Bangladesh are much younger than the overlying clay layers deposited during the Pleistocene over 12,000 years ago. Mass-balance indicates that at least half of the carbon incorporated into RNA has to come from reactive DOC or methane that is advected downward via vertical recharge. This metabolism of advected organic carbon could have implications for the quality of water pumped from deep aquifers.","PeriodicalId":10530,"journal":{"name":"Communications Earth & Environment","volume":"7 1","pages":"594"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13368579/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148454812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Carbon dioxide removals by tropical moist forests offset most land-use emissions across 18 Afrotropical countries. 热带潮湿森林的二氧化碳清除抵消了18个非洲热带国家的大部分土地利用排放。

IF 9.3 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-24 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-026-03710-w

William W M Verbiest, Marijn Bauters, Simon L Lewis, Félicien Meunier, Luke T Smallman, Philippe Ciais, Jean-François Bastin, Pierre Regnier, Adeline Fayolle, Anaïs Gorel, Jean-Remy Makana, Corneille E N Ewango, Auke van der Woude, Liang Feng, Fei Jiang, Paul I Palmer, Ingrid T Luijkx, Bhely Angoboy Ilondea, Alfred Ngomanda, Benjamin Toirambe, Yu Feng, Wannes Hubau

{"title":"Carbon dioxide removals by tropical moist forests offset most land-use emissions across 18 Afrotropical countries.","authors":"William W M Verbiest, Marijn Bauters, Simon L Lewis, Félicien Meunier, Luke T Smallman, Philippe Ciais, Jean-François Bastin, Pierre Regnier, Adeline Fayolle, Anaïs Gorel, Jean-Remy Makana, Corneille E N Ewango, Auke van der Woude, Liang Feng, Fei Jiang, Paul I Palmer, Ingrid T Luijkx, Bhely Angoboy Ilondea, Alfred Ngomanda, Benjamin Toirambe, Yu Feng, Wannes Hubau","doi":"10.1038/s43247-026-03710-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43247-026-03710-w","url":null,"abstract":"African tropical moist forests are critical regulators of global carbon cycling, yet their contributions to national carbon budgets remain poorly constrained, impairing effective policy design. Here, we unravel carbon removals and emissions for 18 African tropical countries using multiple approaches over a data-rich period (2015-2019). Across countries, carbon removals (-286 ± 68.4 TgC yr-1) nearly offset land-use change emissions (343.4 ± 100.3 TgC yr-1), with broadly comparable net fluxes between bottom-up and top-down approaches (57.4 ± 121.4 TgC yr-1 versus 121.9 ± 164.4 TgC yr-1). Results vary between countries, with highest removals in intact forests in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (-81.7 ± 64.2 TgC yr-1), lowest land-use change emissions in Gabon (2.6 ± 7.1 TgC yr-1), and highest fossil fuel emissions in Nigeria (31.2 ± 1.6 TgC yr-1). African tropical countries show high carbon removal rates and land-use change emissions but low fossil fuel emissions, contrasting with industrialized countries. (Inter)nationally endorsed conservation policies can reverse national carbon budgets from net sources to sinks.","PeriodicalId":10530,"journal":{"name":"Communications Earth & Environment","volume":"7 1","pages":"827"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13672087/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149215072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Environmental variability shapes biodiversity and protected area priorities in Canada. 环境变化决定了加拿大的生物多样性和保护区的优先事项。

IF 9.3 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-025-03166-4

Rekha Marcus, Stefano Mezzini, Dwija Desai, Michael J Noonan

{"title":"Environmental variability shapes biodiversity and protected area priorities in Canada.","authors":"Rekha Marcus, Stefano Mezzini, Dwija Desai, Michael J Noonan","doi":"10.1038/s43247-025-03166-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43247-025-03166-4","url":null,"abstract":"Priority areas are typically identified based on mean conditions, while ignoring variance around the mean (i.e., \"stochasticity'). This is problematic as high environmental stochasticity can increase extinction risk and reduce the effectiveness of protected areas. Here we use daily Normalized Difference Vegetation Index data from 1981 to 2025 to generate spatially-explicit estimates of both the mean and variance in environmental productivity across Canada. From these models, we found that environmental stochasticity shows strong spatial structure and has been steadily increasing over the past four decades. Additionally, stochasticity had a negative effect on species richness. We found no clear relationship between stochasticity and protection status, suggesting that Canada's network of protected areas are not well-buffered against a climate-change induced increase in stochasticity. Promisingly, we identified 2,709,580 km2 of currently unprotected land that may minimise the impact(s) of growing stochasticity. This work provides a framework for incorporating environmental stochasticity into conservation planning.","PeriodicalId":10530,"journal":{"name":"Communications Earth & Environment","volume":"7 1","pages":"146"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12915523/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146224744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What defines a flood. 洪水的定义是什么？

IF 9.3 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-16 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-026-03491-2

Mason Majszak, Abdallah Zaki, Omar Wani

{"title":"What defines a flood.","authors":"Mason Majszak, Abdallah Zaki, Omar Wani","doi":"10.1038/s43247-026-03491-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43247-026-03491-2","url":null,"abstract":"While the term 'flood' may elicit clear images of rushing water or overflowing river banks, genuine concerns around formally demarcating this phenomenon remain. In this paper, we investigate the phenomenon's conceptual space, discussing its physical and social components. We highlight key features of the term, as it is commonly used, while illustrating existing conceptual challenges, including the lack of direct reference to the assumptions about how things ought to be, what the philosophical literature calls normativity, involved in setting relevance parameters and the rarity threshold. We propose defining the flood phenomenon by referencing both its physical and normative properties. Within this demarcation framework, physical floods constitute pools or fluxes of water beyond a normatively-specified rarity threshold. A second demarcation occurs when a notion of desirability is used to identify if the presence of water is bad or good. Anthropocentric floods are then physical floods deemed undesirable or desirable. Recognizing the uncertainty present in identifying and adopting notions of desirability can then help explain instances of lack of consensus in communities, what we call interventional ambiguity, on whether to seek engineered solutions to specific flood-related problems. Our demarcation framework can facilitate cross-disciplinary communication and motivate further refinement of flood-related concepts.","PeriodicalId":10530,"journal":{"name":"Communications Earth & Environment","volume":"7 1","pages":"342"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13086580/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147721943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-resolution imagery and neural networks link post-tsunami land cover changes to population health and well-being. 高分辨率图像和神经网络将海啸后土地覆盖变化与人口健康和福祉联系起来。

IF 9.3 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-18 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-026-03396-0

Eric Peshkin, Elizabeth Frankenberg, Peter Katz, Cecep Sumantri, Duncan Thomas

引用次数: 0

Global air quality and human health impacts of growing aircraft emissions. 飞机排放增加对全球空气质量和人类健康的影响。

IF 9.3 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-16 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-026-03732-4

Flávio D A Quadros, Rick Nelen, Mirjam Snellen, Irene C Dedoussi

引用次数: 0

Mercury mobilization and export from the Greenland Ice Sheet using an ice-to-ocean approach. 利用冰到海洋的方法从格陵兰冰盖调动和输出汞。

IF 9.3 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-16 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-026-03818-z

Amina N Youssef, Sarah E Janssen, Carl Lamborg, Michael T Tate, Marissa Despins, Eva L Doting, Brett A Poulin, David McCabe, Leah M Hopf, Emma K Ferrer, Abe Doroshow, Guillaume Lamarche-Gagnon, Ian Delaney, Marjolein Gevers, Jade Hatton, Iris Kubler-Dudgeon, Jack G Murphy, Amina T Schartup, Marek Stibal, Johannes West, Jon R Hawkings

{"title":"Mercury mobilization and export from the Greenland Ice Sheet using an ice-to-ocean approach.","authors":"Amina N Youssef, Sarah E Janssen, Carl Lamborg, Michael T Tate, Marissa Despins, Eva L Doting, Brett A Poulin, David McCabe, Leah M Hopf, Emma K Ferrer, Abe Doroshow, Guillaume Lamarche-Gagnon, Ian Delaney, Marjolein Gevers, Jade Hatton, Iris Kubler-Dudgeon, Jack G Murphy, Amina T Schartup, Marek Stibal, Johannes West, Jon R Hawkings","doi":"10.1038/s43247-026-03818-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-026-03818-z","url":null,"abstract":"The Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) is a poorly constrained source of mercury (Hg) to Arctic ecosystems. We measured Hg concentrations and stable isotopes along an ice-to-ocean continuum to identify controls on GrIS Hg export. Early-season permafrost melt and rainfall produced high filtered total mercury (fTHg, ~17 pM) and monomethylmercury (MMHg, ~2 pM). As subglacial drainage evolved, particulate Hg doubled (from ~8 to 17 pM) and MMHg production remained elevated, indicating Hg mobilization from subglacial environments. Shifts in Hg stable isotope ratios and <math><mi>Δ</mi></math> 199Hg mass balance show supraglacial sources contribute 20-48% of exported Hg, suggesting subglacial inputs dominate the seasonal Hg flux. Fjord waters were enriched in fTHg ( ~ 10 pM) and MMHg ( ~ 2 pM) relative to rivers, consistent with particulate Hg transformations and terrestrial Hg inputs. The estimated GrIS Hg yield ( ~ 23 mmol km-2 yr-1) is similar to that of Arctic rivers and will likely increase with climate-driven mass loss.","PeriodicalId":10530,"journal":{"name":"Communications Earth & Environment","volume":"7 1","pages":"800"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13626945/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149105222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0