Communications Earth & Environment最新文献_第3页

Make African grasslands climate-change resilient.

IF 8.1 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-14 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-025-02109-3

Tersur T Akpensuen, Andrew D Cartmill, Simón Pérez-Márquez, Helen Sheridan, Michael R F Lee, M Jordana Rivero

引用次数: 0

The 2023 M_w 7.8-7.7 Kahramanmaraş earthquakes were loosely slip-predictable.

IF 8.1 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-024-01969-5

Ellis Vavra, Yuri Fialko, Fatih Bulut, Aslı Garagon, Sefa Yalvaç, Cenk Yaltırak

{"title":"The 2023 Mw 7.8-7.7 Kahramanmaraş earthquakes were loosely slip-predictable.","authors":"Ellis Vavra, Yuri Fialko, Fatih Bulut, Aslı Garagon, Sefa Yalvaç, Cenk Yaltırak","doi":"10.1038/s43247-024-01969-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43247-024-01969-5","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the behavior of large earthquakes over multiple seismic cycles is limited by short time spans of observations compared to recurrence intervals. Most of large instrumentally-recorded earthquakes have occurred on faults lacking well-documented histories of past events. The 2023 Mw 7.8-7.7 Kahramanmaraş earthquake doublet is exceptional as it ruptured multiple segments of the East Anatolian Fault (EAF) system, where historical records of devastating earthquakes span over two millennia. Here, we use historical earthquake records, measurements of interseismic deformation, and published slip models of the 2023 events to evaluate the recurrence patterns of large earthquakes. We compare slip deficit that accrued on each fault segment since the respective penultimate events to the average coseismic slip of the 2023 doublet. We find that the coseismic slip equaled to or exceeded the accumulated slip deficit, suggesting that the slip-predictable recurrence model applies as a lower bound on strain release during the Kahramanmaraş earthquakes.","PeriodicalId":10530,"journal":{"name":"Communications Earth & Environment","volume":"6 1","pages":"80"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11798867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143381748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Injecting solid particles into the stratosphere could mitigate global warming but currently entails great uncertainties.

IF 8.1 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-025-02038-1

Sandro Vattioni, Thomas Peter, Rahel Weber, John A Dykema, Beiping Luo, Andrea Stenke, Aryeh Feinberg, Timofei Sukhodolov, Frank N Keutsch, Markus Ammann, Christof Vockenhuber, Max Döbeli, Georgios A Kelesidis, Gabriel Chiodo

{"title":"Injecting solid particles into the stratosphere could mitigate global warming but currently entails great uncertainties.","authors":"Sandro Vattioni, Thomas Peter, Rahel Weber, John A Dykema, Beiping Luo, Andrea Stenke, Aryeh Feinberg, Timofei Sukhodolov, Frank N Keutsch, Markus Ammann, Christof Vockenhuber, Max Döbeli, Georgios A Kelesidis, Gabriel Chiodo","doi":"10.1038/s43247-025-02038-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43247-025-02038-1","url":null,"abstract":"Stratospheric aerosol injection could mitigate harmful effects of global warming, but could have undesirable side effects, such as warming the stratosphere and depleting the ozone layer. We explore the potential benefits of solid alumina and calcite particles as alternatives to sulfate aerosols by using an experimentally informed aerosol-chemistry-climate model. Compared to sulfur dioxide, injection of solids reduces stratospheric warming by up to 70% and diffuse radiation by up to 40%, highlighting their potential benefits. Achieving -1 W m-2 of radiative forcing would likely result in very small ozone changes, but sizable uncertainties remain. These arise from poorly understood heterogeneous chemical and microphysical processes, which, under less likely assumptions, could lead to larger global ozone column changes between -14% and +4%. Our work provides recommendations for improving the understanding of stratospheric aerosol injection using materials other than sulfur dioxide, and underscores the need for kinetic laboratory studies.","PeriodicalId":10530,"journal":{"name":"Communications Earth & Environment","volume":"6 1","pages":"132"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11845316/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143482408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Seasonal velocity patterns provide insights for the soft-bed subglacial hydrology continuum.

IF 8.1 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-21 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-025-02198-0

Jane K Hart, Nathaniel R Baurley, Amy Bonnie, Benjamin A Robson, Graeme Bragg, Kirk Martinez

引用次数: 0

Carbon dioxide emissions from industrial processes and product use are a non-ignorable factor in China’ s mitigation 工业生产和产品使用过程中的二氧化碳排放是中国减缓气候变化的一个不可忽视的因素。

IF 8.1 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2024-12-31 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-024-01951-1

Liting Hu, Xiaoyi Hu, Bowei Li, Liya Guo, Di Chen, Yang Yang, Mengyue Ma, Xinhe Li, Rui Feng, Xuekun Fang

{"title":"Carbon dioxide emissions from industrial processes and product use are a non-ignorable factor in China’ s mitigation","authors":"Liting Hu, Xiaoyi Hu, Bowei Li, Liya Guo, Di Chen, Yang Yang, Mengyue Ma, Xinhe Li, Rui Feng, Xuekun Fang","doi":"10.1038/s43247-024-01951-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43247-024-01951-1","url":null,"abstract":"China, the largest carbon dioxide (CO2) emitter in the world, is committed to achieving carbon neutrality by 2060. However, the characteristics and driving factors of the CO2 emissions from industrial processes and product use (IPPU) in China have been unclear. Here, using the most comprehensive statistics of 18 industrial productions and 2 product uses during 2000–2020, we find China’s IPPU CO2 emissions reached 1628 million metric tons (Mt) in 2020, which were 3.0%–6.5% higher than estimates from other studies. Compared to previous studies identifying main driving factors of combined CO2 emissions from fossil-fuel and IPPU, we show that the main indicators of China’s IPPU emissions growth was the per capita construction area during 2000–2020 (94%). We construct a comprehensive provincial IPPU emission inventory based on the up-to-date provincial-level statistics, identifying the key mitigation regions in China. This study reveals China’s IPPU emissions are the non-ignorable factor in China’s carbon mitigation. China’s carbon dioxide emissions from industrial processes and product use were 1628 million metric tons in 2020, and the main driver of the emission growth over the past two decades is per capita construction area, according to an analysis that uses industrial production and process data.","PeriodicalId":10530,"journal":{"name":"Communications Earth & Environment","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43247-024-01951-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142906126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

eDNA offers opportunities for improved biodiversity monitoring within forest carbon markets eDNA为改善森林碳市场内的生物多样性监测提供了机会

IF 8.1 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2024-12-31 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-024-01970-y

Michael C. Allen, Julie L. Lockwood, Rosa Ibanez, Josh D. Butler, Jordan C. Angle, Benjamin D. Jaffe

{"title":"eDNA offers opportunities for improved biodiversity monitoring within forest carbon markets","authors":"Michael C. Allen, Julie L. Lockwood, Rosa Ibanez, Josh D. Butler, Jordan C. Angle, Benjamin D. Jaffe","doi":"10.1038/s43247-024-01970-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43247-024-01970-y","url":null,"abstract":"Forest-based carbon sequestration projects incentivize reforestation and restoration activities while offering opportunities to realize co-benefits such as biodiversity conservation. While conservation aspects are increasingly emphasized in these projects, the rigor of biodiversity co-benefit verification has been highly variable. Recent advances in biodiversity monitoring based on shed DNA in the environment (eDNA) offer promise for improving effectiveness, standardization, and transparency. Here we analyze 129 forest carbon projects and 396 peer-reviewed studies to identify how biodiversity co-benefits are currently verified within forest carbon markets, and to evaluate the potential of eDNA for tracking biodiversity change. Our analysis revealed that eDNA studies focused more on smaller organisms (microbes and invertebrates) and on temperate ecosystems compared with biodiversity-focused forest carbon projects. Efforts to align these two worlds via investments into broadening the geographic and taxonomic scope could allow greater adoption and increased accountability in biodiversity monitoring within forest carbon markets (i.e. standardized, auditable biodiversity data trails). Adapting advancements in eDNA technology to the biodiversity monitoring needs of nature-based initiatives will aid countries and organizations striving to meet global conservation commitments. Environmental DNA studies focus more on microbes, invertebrates, and temperate ecosystems, compared to biodiversity-focused forest carbon projects, and both areas need to align to facilitate improved biodiversity monitoring in the forest carbon market, according to the three-phase systematic analysis.","PeriodicalId":10530,"journal":{"name":"Communications Earth & Environment","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43247-024-01970-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142906132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rocket launches threaten global biodiversity conservation 火箭发射威胁全球生物多样性保护

IF 8.1 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2024-12-31 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-024-01963-x

Lee Ping Ang, Fanhao Kong, Enrique Hernández-Rodríguez, Qiuyu Liu, Carlos Cerrejόn, Mariano J. Feldman, Lei Shu, Li-Xin Ye, Lei Gao, Lee Ling Ang, Xiangbo Yin

{"title":"Rocket launches threaten global biodiversity conservation","authors":"Lee Ping Ang, Fanhao Kong, Enrique Hernández-Rodríguez, Qiuyu Liu, Carlos Cerrejόn, Mariano J. Feldman, Lei Shu, Li-Xin Ye, Lei Gao, Lee Ling Ang, Xiangbo Yin","doi":"10.1038/s43247-024-01963-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43247-024-01963-x","url":null,"abstract":"Satellite technologies are essential for global conservation actions through providing continuous, real-time Earth monitoring. However, development of these technologies necessitates an increase in rocket launches, which introduces new threats to biodiversity. Here, we mapped rocket launch sites and assessed their threats on protected areas and terrestrial biodiversity. Our analysis revealed that over 90% launch sites are within areas where unprotected habitats excesses 50% and over 62% of operating sites are located within or near protected areas. The threats from rocket launches are potentially associated with biomes, coordinates, and proximity to oceans. In particular, threatened terrestrial species in Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests are more vulnerable to these risks compared to species in other biomes. Without strategic planning, the continued growth of rocket launches could create conflicts between technological development and conservation efforts, undermining the achievement of UN Biodiversity Goals. Over 62% of rocket launch sites are located within or near to protected areas worldwide, which could threaten conservation goals, according to mapping of global rocket launch sites along with biome and threatened terrestrial species datasets.","PeriodicalId":10530,"journal":{"name":"Communications Earth & Environment","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43247-024-01963-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142906161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Weakening of subsurface ocean temperature seasonality over the past four decades 过去40年海底温度季节性的减弱

IF 8.1 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2024-12-31 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-024-01986-4

Fukai Liu, Yiyong Luo, Fengfei Song, Wen-Xiao Yu, Jian Lu, Lijing Cheng

{"title":"Weakening of subsurface ocean temperature seasonality over the past four decades","authors":"Fukai Liu, Yiyong Luo, Fengfei Song, Wen-Xiao Yu, Jian Lu, Lijing Cheng","doi":"10.1038/s43247-024-01986-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43247-024-01986-4","url":null,"abstract":"The seasonal cycle, responsible for much of the temperature variability in the upper ocean, exerts profound climatic and ecological influence. While surface intensification of temperature seasonality has been widely examined, changes beneath the ocean surface remain unknown. Here we analyze multiple ocean temperature datasets, revealing a robust, substantial weakening of subsurface seasonality by 5.7 ± 1.8% below the mixed layer in extratropical oceans since the 1980s. Using a hierarchy of climate models and an idealized diffusive model, we attribute this weakening to increased ocean heat uptake driven by rising greenhouse gases. This process strengthens upper ocean stratification, suppresses vertical mixing, and limits heat penetration into deeper ocean layers, resulting in a more quiescent subsurface ocean with reduced seasonal variability. Our findings highlight a new fingerprint of anthropogenic influence on subsurface ocean seasonality, with important implications for ocean biogeochemical processes and marine ecosystems. Since the 1980s, subsurface temperature seasonality in extratropical oceans has decreased by 5.7 ± 1.8% below the mixed layer due to increased heat uptake from greenhouse gases, strengthening upper ocean stratification, and limiting heat penetration into deeper layers, according to analysis of a hierarchy of climate models and an idealized diffusive model.","PeriodicalId":10530,"journal":{"name":"Communications Earth & Environment","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43247-024-01986-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142906142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Author Correction: An intensification of surface Earth’s energy imbalance since the late 20th century 作者更正：自20世纪后期以来地球表面能量不平衡的加剧

IF 8.1 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2024-12-31 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-024-01979-3

Xuqian Li, Qingxiang Li, Martin Wild, Phil Jones

引用次数: 0

Mediterranean marine heatwaves intensify in the presence of concurrent atmospheric heatwaves 在大气热浪同时存在的情况下，地中海海洋热浪会加剧

IF 8.1 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2024-12-31 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-024-01982-8

Francisco Pastor, Laura Paredes-Fortuny, Samira Khodayar

{"title":"Mediterranean marine heatwaves intensify in the presence of concurrent atmospheric heatwaves","authors":"Francisco Pastor, Laura Paredes-Fortuny, Samira Khodayar","doi":"10.1038/s43247-024-01982-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43247-024-01982-8","url":null,"abstract":"Under climate change, temperature extremes have become more frequent and intense in recent decades, both in the atmosphere and in the ocean with devastating impacts on ecosystems and succeeding socioeconomic consequences. This is particularly true in climate change hotspots such as the Mediterranean region, where spatiotemporal compounding of extreme phenomena is becoming the norm. In the framework of a new spatiotemporal approach to heatwave detection, which tracks the evolution of the phenomena throughout their life cycle, the concurrence of marine and atmospheric heatwaves is investigated in this study. Concurrency of both phenomena in time and space shows a relevant impact on the intensity of the marine heatwaves, while no relevant changes are observed in atmospheric heat waves. Therefore, we demonstrate that intensification in extreme temperature events is accompanied by the added local intensification effect of marine heatwaves when concurring with atmospheric heatwaves, especially in recent years. Climate change has increased the frequency and intensity of temperature extremes, especially in the Mediterranean, where the concurrence of marine and atmospheric heatwaves amplifies marine heatwave intensity, while atmospheric heatwaves show no significant changes, according to a spatiotemporal approach to heatwave detection.","PeriodicalId":10530,"journal":{"name":"Communications Earth & Environment","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s43247-024-01982-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142906158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0