Communications Earth & Environment最新文献

The biogeochemical transport by the Gulf Stream. 墨西哥湾流的生物地球化学运输。

IF 8.9 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-12 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-025-03118-y

Richard G Williams, Peter J Brown, Yohei Takano, Gaël Forget, Dani Jones, Anna Katavouta, Elaine McDonagh, Vassil M Roussenov

{"title":"The biogeochemical transport by the Gulf Stream.","authors":"Richard G Williams, Peter J Brown, Yohei Takano, Gaël Forget, Dani Jones, Anna Katavouta, Elaine McDonagh, Vassil M Roussenov","doi":"10.1038/s43247-025-03118-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43247-025-03118-y","url":null,"abstract":"The Gulf Stream is important for the climate system through its transport and air-sea exchange of heat. What is less well accepted is the role of the Gulf Stream in the carbon cycle. Here we examine how the Gulf Stream provides a \"biogeochemical stream\", a sub-surface horizontal flux carrying waters with high concentrations of nutrients and low concentrations of anthropogenic carbon. Model experiments reveal particles released in dense layers at the start of the Gulf Stream follow trajectories extending into the subpolar gyre, while particles released at the surface are confined to the subtropics. Following a pathway to the subpolar gyre, the biogeochemical stream carries older, nutrient-rich and anthropogenically carbon-depleted waters along density layers and, when those dense layers outcrop into the mixed layer, enhances the subpolar drawdown of atmospheric carbon. This connectivity is supported by model sensitivity experiments revealing the subpolar upper ocean carbon content and upstream dense waters in the Gulf Stream connecting on timescales of 4 to 8 years. The likely effect of climate change on the biogeochemical stream is a decrease in the delivery of these older waters, both high in concentrations of nutrients and depleted in anthropogenic carbon, to the subpolar mixed layer, so weakening future North Atlantic carbon uptake from the atmosphere.","PeriodicalId":10530,"journal":{"name":"Communications Earth & Environment","volume":"7 1","pages":"149"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12900640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146200096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Extraordinarily long duration of Eocene geomagnetic polarity reversals. 始新世地磁极性反转持续时间异常长。

IF 8.9 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-026-03205-8

Yuhji Yamamoto, Slah Boulila, Futoshi Takahashi, Peter C Lippert

引用次数: 0

Physical controls on heterogeneous mesopelagic biogeochemistry. 非均质中远洋生物地球化学的物理控制。

IF 8.9 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-026-03200-z

Mara A Freilich, Lilian A Dove, Katarina Merk

引用次数: 0

Perceived deservingness shapes attitudes toward environmental migrants in rural Bangladesh. 对应得感的感知塑造了对孟加拉国农村环境移民的态度。

IF 8.9 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-26 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-026-03320-6

Lukas Rudolph, Linus Hormuth, Jan Freihardt, Vally Koubi

{"title":"Perceived deservingness shapes attitudes toward environmental migrants in rural Bangladesh.","authors":"Lukas Rudolph, Linus Hormuth, Jan Freihardt, Vally Koubi","doi":"10.1038/s43247-026-03320-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-026-03320-6","url":null,"abstract":"As climate change intensifies, internal migration due to extreme climate events is becoming increasingly common in the Global South. Yet, little is known about how rural host communities respond to incoming environmental migrants. Here, we study attitudes toward environmentally displaced people in northern Bangladesh, focusing on perceived deservingness, empathy through shared experience, and exploratory proxy indicators of prior migrant exposure/contact. Using a pre-registered face-to-face survey of 265 rural residents, including a forced-choice conjoint experiment, we assess how migrant characteristics (reason for migration, occupation, religion, distance to origin) affect host community attitudes. We find that migrants displaced by riverbank erosion are more likely to be accepted than economic migrants (by 21%-points, p < 0.01) and face less discrimination based on other characteristics, indicating that deservingness strongly shapes attitudes. Regarding shared experience of erosion, which we propose as a proxy for empathy, models estimated a positive coefficient (13%-points, p = 0.122), hence not supporting, but indicative of a positive association between experiential proximity and greater acceptance of environmental migrants. We find no credible evidence for heterogeneity in migrant acceptance using coarse proxy measures of prior migrant exposure/contact. These results suggest that, even in resource-constrained regions, moral judgments play a central role, and that experiential proximity may be associated with more inclusive attitudes, informing policies for societal resilience under environmental stress.","PeriodicalId":10530,"journal":{"name":"Communications Earth & Environment","volume":"7 1","pages":"247"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12995714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147485045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stochastic poromechanical analysis forecasts a notable exceedance probability for the 2017 Pohang, South Korea, M _w 5.5 earthquake. 随机孔隙力学分析预测了2017年韩国浦项5.5级地震的显著超越概率。

IF 8.9 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-026-03268-7

Haiqing Wu, Victor Vilarrasa, Francesco Parisio, Andrés Alcolea, Peter Meier, Jesus Carrera, Maarten Saaltink

{"title":"Stochastic poromechanical analysis forecasts a notable exceedance probability for the 2017 Pohang, South Korea, M w 5.5 earthquake.","authors":"Haiqing Wu, Victor Vilarrasa, Francesco Parisio, Andrés Alcolea, Peter Meier, Jesus Carrera, Maarten Saaltink","doi":"10.1038/s43247-026-03268-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-026-03268-7","url":null,"abstract":"The 2017 Pohang M w 5.5 earthquake is currently the largest seismic event induced by Enhanced Geothermal Systems. The high uncertainty on geological and mechanical conditions of the rupture fault of this earthquake has originated a debate on its triggering mechanisms. Here, we propose a stochastic poromechanical analysis approach that combines Monte Carlo sampling and poromechanical models to address the uncertainty problem. By conducting a large number of coupled poromechanical simulations varying the uncertain geomechanical parameters, we yield an exceedance probability of 7%-15% for the Pohang mainshock. Remarkably, this physics-based stochastic prior forecast is quite comparable to the posterior likelihood inferred from the magnitude-frequency relationship of recorded seismicity. Our results reveal a scaling relationship between the earthquake magnitude and the initial fault stability, which indicates a threshold of the initial Coulomb Failure Stress to differentiate if faults are initially, critically stressed, and thus, the earthquake magnitude. This Pohang threshold is -0.2 to -0.1 MPa, about one order of magnitude larger than that proposed for natural earthquakes. This study highlights that the reactivation of critically stressed faults may trigger damaging earthquakes even for small poromechanical perturbations and opens a promising avenue for assessing the likelihood of induced earthquakes based on physical understanding.","PeriodicalId":10530,"journal":{"name":"Communications Earth & Environment","volume":"7 1","pages":"236"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12992117/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147480042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revisiting the greatness of Earth's great oxidation. 重温地球大氧化的伟大。

IF 8.9 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-17 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-026-03518-8

Peter W Crockford, Ichiko Sugiyama, Michael A Kipp, Jihua Hao, Lyle L Nelson, Jordon D Hemingway, Sabine Wimmer, Mojtaba Fakhraee

{"title":"Revisiting the greatness of Earth's great oxidation.","authors":"Peter W Crockford, Ichiko Sugiyama, Michael A Kipp, Jihua Hao, Lyle L Nelson, Jordon D Hemingway, Sabine Wimmer, Mojtaba Fakhraee","doi":"10.1038/s43247-026-03518-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-026-03518-8","url":null,"abstract":"The accumulation of free oxygen in the atmosphere ≈2.45 billion years ago was one of the most transformative events in Earth's past. Since its identification, this interval termed the 'Great Oxidation Event' (GOE), has garnered a large amount of attention from a wide array of perspectives, with some suggesting it should define its own geologic era or period. Despite many new tools to interrogate the GOE, today the defendable range of possible atmospheric O2 levels span orders of magnitude, begging the question, how great was Earth's Great Oxidation? The consequences of such disparate views on oxygenation levels are uncertainties regarding biospheric evolution, interpretations of the sedimentary record, and a limited ability to translate Earth's atmospheric history into insights for exoplanet research. In this review, we revisit the conditions immediately before, during, and after Earth's GOE to explore the key assumptions that underlie differing views on this critical interval of time. We then highlight new discoveries and outline extremely divergent but defendable interpretations of atmospheric oxygen trajectories across the GOE. Reducing such divergent scenarios should be a major target of research progress in the coming years.","PeriodicalId":10530,"journal":{"name":"Communications Earth & Environment","volume":"7 1","pages":"348"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13090121/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147721810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hard rocks and deep wetlands beneath Thwaites Glacier in Antarctica. 南极洲斯韦茨冰川下的坚硬岩石和深层湿地。

IF 8.9 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-24 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-026-03502-2

Ole Zeising, Olaf Eisen, Coen Hofstede, Ronan Agnew, Alex Brisbourne, Andrew O Hoffman, Sridhar Anandakrishnan

{"title":"Hard rocks and deep wetlands beneath Thwaites Glacier in Antarctica.","authors":"Ole Zeising, Olaf Eisen, Coen Hofstede, Ronan Agnew, Alex Brisbourne, Andrew O Hoffman, Sridhar Anandakrishnan","doi":"10.1038/s43247-026-03502-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-026-03502-2","url":null,"abstract":"Thwaites Glacier in West Antarctica is losing ice rapidly and is considered especially vulnerable to retreat, but predictions of its future remain limited by uncertainties about its subglacial properties. Here we show results from 344 km of vibroseismic surveys collected along and across the glacier. The data reveal a heterogeneous bed of elevated ridges with steep upstream-facing slopes that form crag-and-tail landforms resisting fast flow. Between these ridges lie basins filled with consolidated sediments. Subglacial water is widespread, occurring in bed depressions and on topographic highs, including an active lake composed of tens of metres of highly porous, water-saturated sediments. Across the glacier, the bed beneath the eastern margin is mostly hard but contains isolated pockets of softer material. These findings demonstrate current models do not capture the full complexity of the bed beneath Thwaites Glacier, where water-bearing sediments and steep basal slopes strongly affect ice flow and retreat.","PeriodicalId":10530,"journal":{"name":"Communications Earth & Environment","volume":"7 1","pages":"366"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13109048/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147764779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reduced carbon outflow from a Floridian mangrove estuary up to two years after a hurricane. 飓风过后两年，佛罗里达红树林河口的碳排放减少。

IF 8.9 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-17 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-026-03249-w

Annemiek I Stegehuis, David T Ho, Laurent Bopp, Bertrand Guenet

引用次数: 0

Hydrothermal weakening and slope instability at Vulcano (Italy) analyzed using drones and in-situ strength measurements. 利用无人机和现场强度测量分析了意大利Vulcano火山热液减弱和边坡失稳。

IF 8.9 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-025-03014-5

Benjamin F De Jarnatt, Thomas R Walter, Michael J Heap, Daniel Müller, Antonino Fabio Pisciotta

{"title":"Hydrothermal weakening and slope instability at Vulcano (Italy) analyzed using drones and in-situ strength measurements.","authors":"Benjamin F De Jarnatt, Thomas R Walter, Michael J Heap, Daniel Müller, Antonino Fabio Pisciotta","doi":"10.1038/s43247-025-03014-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43247-025-03014-5","url":null,"abstract":"Instability at volcanic edifices poses significant hazards, yet the processes driving rock weakening, particularly on steep, eroding flanks, remain poorly understood due to limited accessibility. Hydrothermal alteration is a key factor in weakening volcanic rocks, contributing to edifice destabilization and flank instability. La Fossa cone (Vulcano, Italy) provides an ideal setting for this study, with accessible hydrothermal alteration at the crater rim and similar alteration along inaccessible flanks that have a recent history of mass wasting. Here, we developed an integrated methodology combining drone photogrammetry with in situ Schmidt hammer testing to derive an empirical alteration-to-strength relationship for the crater rim and applied this knowledge to alteration sites on inaccessible flanks. An alteration map was generated using a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to aid our classifications. This map was used to transpose over 1000 Schmidt hammer measurements (R-values ranging from 10.5 to 82), creating a thematic strength-alteration map. Results indicate a ~50% reduction in relative rock strength correlating with areas of degassing and hydrothermal activity, which coincides with past mass-wasting events. This integrated approach offers a transferable workflow for assessing volcanic slope instability, with direct applications to hazard monitoring and early warning systems.","PeriodicalId":10530,"journal":{"name":"Communications Earth & Environment","volume":"7 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12764430/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145905733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Combined models of violent conflict and natural hazards improve predictions of household mobility in Bangladesh. 暴力冲突和自然灾害的综合模型改进了对孟加拉国家庭流动性的预测。

IF 8.9 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-19 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-025-03086-3

Maxine Leis, Kristina Petrova

引用次数: 0