Communications Earth & Environment最新文献

The biogeochemical transport by the Gulf Stream. 墨西哥湾流的生物地球化学运输。

IF 8.9 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-12 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-025-03118-y

Richard G Williams, Peter J Brown, Yohei Takano, Gaël Forget, Dani Jones, Anna Katavouta, Elaine McDonagh, Vassil M Roussenov

{"title":"The biogeochemical transport by the Gulf Stream.","authors":"Richard G Williams, Peter J Brown, Yohei Takano, Gaël Forget, Dani Jones, Anna Katavouta, Elaine McDonagh, Vassil M Roussenov","doi":"10.1038/s43247-025-03118-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43247-025-03118-y","url":null,"abstract":"The Gulf Stream is important for the climate system through its transport and air-sea exchange of heat. What is less well accepted is the role of the Gulf Stream in the carbon cycle. Here we examine how the Gulf Stream provides a \"biogeochemical stream\", a sub-surface horizontal flux carrying waters with high concentrations of nutrients and low concentrations of anthropogenic carbon. Model experiments reveal particles released in dense layers at the start of the Gulf Stream follow trajectories extending into the subpolar gyre, while particles released at the surface are confined to the subtropics. Following a pathway to the subpolar gyre, the biogeochemical stream carries older, nutrient-rich and anthropogenically carbon-depleted waters along density layers and, when those dense layers outcrop into the mixed layer, enhances the subpolar drawdown of atmospheric carbon. This connectivity is supported by model sensitivity experiments revealing the subpolar upper ocean carbon content and upstream dense waters in the Gulf Stream connecting on timescales of 4 to 8 years. The likely effect of climate change on the biogeochemical stream is a decrease in the delivery of these older waters, both high in concentrations of nutrients and depleted in anthropogenic carbon, to the subpolar mixed layer, so weakening future North Atlantic carbon uptake from the atmosphere.","PeriodicalId":10530,"journal":{"name":"Communications Earth & Environment","volume":"7 1","pages":"149"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12900640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146200096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Physical controls on heterogeneous mesopelagic biogeochemistry. 非均质中远洋生物地球化学的物理控制。

IF 8.9 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-026-03200-z

Mara A Freilich, Lilian A Dove, Katarina Merk

引用次数: 0

Perceived deservingness shapes attitudes toward environmental migrants in rural Bangladesh. 对应得感的感知塑造了对孟加拉国农村环境移民的态度。

IF 9.3 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-26 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-026-03320-6

Lukas Rudolph, Linus Hormuth, Jan Freihardt, Vally Koubi

{"title":"Perceived deservingness shapes attitudes toward environmental migrants in rural Bangladesh.","authors":"Lukas Rudolph, Linus Hormuth, Jan Freihardt, Vally Koubi","doi":"10.1038/s43247-026-03320-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43247-026-03320-6","url":null,"abstract":"As climate change intensifies, internal migration due to extreme climate events is becoming increasingly common in the Global South. Yet, little is known about how rural host communities respond to incoming environmental migrants. Here, we study attitudes toward environmentally displaced people in northern Bangladesh, focusing on perceived deservingness, empathy through shared experience, and exploratory proxy indicators of prior migrant exposure/contact. Using a pre-registered face-to-face survey of 265 rural residents, including a forced-choice conjoint experiment, we assess how migrant characteristics (reason for migration, occupation, religion, distance to origin) affect host community attitudes. We find that migrants displaced by riverbank erosion are more likely to be accepted than economic migrants (by 21%-points, p < 0.01) and face less discrimination based on other characteristics, indicating that deservingness strongly shapes attitudes. Regarding shared experience of erosion, which we propose as a proxy for empathy, models estimated a positive coefficient (13%-points, p = 0.122), hence not supporting, but indicative of a positive association between experiential proximity and greater acceptance of environmental migrants. We find no credible evidence for heterogeneity in migrant acceptance using coarse proxy measures of prior migrant exposure/contact. These results suggest that, even in resource-constrained regions, moral judgments play a central role, and that experiential proximity may be associated with more inclusive attitudes, informing policies for societal resilience under environmental stress.","PeriodicalId":10530,"journal":{"name":"Communications Earth & Environment","volume":"7 1","pages":"247"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12995714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147485045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Extraordinarily long duration of Eocene geomagnetic polarity reversals. 始新世地磁极性反转持续时间异常长。

IF 9.3 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-026-03205-8

Yuhji Yamamoto, Slah Boulila, Futoshi Takahashi, Peter C Lippert

引用次数: 0

Reduced carbon outflow from a Floridian mangrove estuary up to two years after a hurricane. 飓风过后两年，佛罗里达红树林河口的碳排放减少。

IF 9.3 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-17 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-026-03249-w

Annemiek I Stegehuis, David T Ho, Laurent Bopp, Bertrand Guenet

引用次数: 0

Stochastic poromechanical analysis forecasts a notable exceedance probability for the 2017 Pohang, South Korea, M _w 5.5 earthquake. 随机孔隙力学分析预测了2017年韩国浦项5.5级地震的显著超越概率。

IF 9.3 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-026-03268-7

Haiqing Wu, Victor Vilarrasa, Francesco Parisio, Andrés Alcolea, Peter Meier, Jesus Carrera, Maarten Saaltink

{"title":"Stochastic poromechanical analysis forecasts a notable exceedance probability for the 2017 Pohang, South Korea, M w 5.5 earthquake.","authors":"Haiqing Wu, Victor Vilarrasa, Francesco Parisio, Andrés Alcolea, Peter Meier, Jesus Carrera, Maarten Saaltink","doi":"10.1038/s43247-026-03268-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43247-026-03268-7","url":null,"abstract":"The 2017 Pohang M w 5.5 earthquake is currently the largest seismic event induced by Enhanced Geothermal Systems. The high uncertainty on geological and mechanical conditions of the rupture fault of this earthquake has originated a debate on its triggering mechanisms. Here, we propose a stochastic poromechanical analysis approach that combines Monte Carlo sampling and poromechanical models to address the uncertainty problem. By conducting a large number of coupled poromechanical simulations varying the uncertain geomechanical parameters, we yield an exceedance probability of 7%-15% for the Pohang mainshock. Remarkably, this physics-based stochastic prior forecast is quite comparable to the posterior likelihood inferred from the magnitude-frequency relationship of recorded seismicity. Our results reveal a scaling relationship between the earthquake magnitude and the initial fault stability, which indicates a threshold of the initial Coulomb Failure Stress to differentiate if faults are initially, critically stressed, and thus, the earthquake magnitude. This Pohang threshold is -0.2 to -0.1 MPa, about one order of magnitude larger than that proposed for natural earthquakes. This study highlights that the reactivation of critically stressed faults may trigger damaging earthquakes even for small poromechanical perturbations and opens a promising avenue for assessing the likelihood of induced earthquakes based on physical understanding.","PeriodicalId":10530,"journal":{"name":"Communications Earth & Environment","volume":"7 1","pages":"236"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12992117/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147480042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hard rocks and deep wetlands beneath Thwaites Glacier in Antarctica. 南极洲斯韦茨冰川下的坚硬岩石和深层湿地。

IF 9.3 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-04-24 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-026-03502-2

Ole Zeising, Olaf Eisen, Coen Hofstede, Ronan Agnew, Alex Brisbourne, Andrew O Hoffman, Sridhar Anandakrishnan

{"title":"Hard rocks and deep wetlands beneath Thwaites Glacier in Antarctica.","authors":"Ole Zeising, Olaf Eisen, Coen Hofstede, Ronan Agnew, Alex Brisbourne, Andrew O Hoffman, Sridhar Anandakrishnan","doi":"10.1038/s43247-026-03502-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43247-026-03502-2","url":null,"abstract":"Thwaites Glacier in West Antarctica is losing ice rapidly and is considered especially vulnerable to retreat, but predictions of its future remain limited by uncertainties about its subglacial properties. Here we show results from 344 km of vibroseismic surveys collected along and across the glacier. The data reveal a heterogeneous bed of elevated ridges with steep upstream-facing slopes that form crag-and-tail landforms resisting fast flow. Between these ridges lie basins filled with consolidated sediments. Subglacial water is widespread, occurring in bed depressions and on topographic highs, including an active lake composed of tens of metres of highly porous, water-saturated sediments. Across the glacier, the bed beneath the eastern margin is mostly hard but contains isolated pockets of softer material. These findings demonstrate current models do not capture the full complexity of the bed beneath Thwaites Glacier, where water-bearing sediments and steep basal slopes strongly affect ice flow and retreat.","PeriodicalId":10530,"journal":{"name":"Communications Earth & Environment","volume":"7 1","pages":"366"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13109048/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147764779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hotspots of Arctic and sub-Arctic marine sediment organic carbon are dominated by the Baltic, Barents and Chukchi Seas. 北极和亚北极海洋沉积物有机碳热点以波罗的海、巴伦支海和楚科奇海为主。

IF 9.3 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-19 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-026-03720-8

B Langley, H L Burdett, K Cameron, T Juul-Pedersen, A Rouillard, C Slaymark, N A Kamenos

{"title":"Hotspots of Arctic and sub-Arctic marine sediment organic carbon are dominated by the Baltic, Barents and Chukchi Seas.","authors":"B Langley, H L Burdett, K Cameron, T Juul-Pedersen, A Rouillard, C Slaymark, N A Kamenos","doi":"10.1038/s43247-026-03720-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43247-026-03720-8","url":null,"abstract":"The Arctic and sub-Arctic are warming at least three times faster than the global average, altering terrestrial carbon delivery to the oceans and marine carbon cycling. The sequestration of such carbon into marine sediments is a key contributor to climate regulation. Despite this, the location of organic carbon hotspots at high latitudes are poorly understood, hindering our ability to identify their sensitivity to environmental change. Using quantile regression forests with >13,000 sediment samples, we identify the Baltic, Barents and Chukchi Seas as the dominant high-latitude marine organic carbon hotspots, playing a disproportionately large role in the area-normalised global sedimentary carbon stock. Organic carbon accumulation rates are elevated across shallow shelf environments and coastlines, particularly in proximity to Arctic rivers. Development of organic carbon hotspots reflects both local and external processes, including salinity, mixed layer depth, primary production and sedimentation, demonstrating the importance of coupled land-ocean processes. Uncertainty in future changes to organic carbon cycling and transit pathways, including river transport, is therefore an emerging risk factor for the stability of marine sediment carbon stores. Compounding this, only 10.19% of the surface sediment organic carbon stock is currently within marine protected areas, placing >17 Pg at higher risk of anthropogenic disturbance.","PeriodicalId":10530,"journal":{"name":"Communications Earth & Environment","volume":"7 1","pages":"529"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13278947/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148293712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sulfur isotope heterogeneity in Martian shergottites reveals early atmosphere - mantle exchange. 火星陨辉石中硫同位素非均质性揭示了早期大气-地幔交换。

IF 9.3 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-26 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-026-03420-3

Kiran Patil, James W Dottin, Hairuo Fu, Brian Monteleone, Nilanjan Chatterjee, Noah Hooper, Gareth Izon, J Cameron Adams, Anthony Irving, Charles K Shearer, Heather B Franz, Shuhei Ono

{"title":"Sulfur isotope heterogeneity in Martian shergottites reveals early atmosphere - mantle exchange.","authors":"Kiran Patil, James W Dottin, Hairuo Fu, Brian Monteleone, Nilanjan Chatterjee, Noah Hooper, Gareth Izon, J Cameron Adams, Anthony Irving, Charles K Shearer, Heather B Franz, Shuhei Ono","doi":"10.1038/s43247-026-03420-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43247-026-03420-3","url":null,"abstract":"The study of sulfur isotopes on Mars provides crucial insights into the planet's formation, differentiation, and volatile evolution. Primordial sulfur isotope compositions help distinguish Martian sulfur sources, including core-mantle interactions, magmatic outgassing, and atmospheric cycling. While bulk analyses have shown limited mass-independent fractionation (MIF-S), the mechanisms introducing MIF-S into Martian magmas remain poorly understood. Using in situ secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), we analysed sulfides in four shergottites: Yamato 980459, Tissint, Gadamis 001, and NWA 11300, and found extreme heterogeneity in Δ³³S (-1.3 ± 0.48‰ to +1.42 ± 0.64‰) and δ³⁴S (-3.5 ± 0.11‰ to +0.73 ± 0.15‰). Large Δ³³S anomalies are observed in both depleted and enriched samples, indicating that MIF-S sulfur was incorporated into Martian magmatic systems through prolonged mantle-atmosphere exchange. This exchange likely began during magma ocean crystallisation and continued into later magmatic stages through ingassing, crustal assimilation, and/or recycling of crustal sulfur.","PeriodicalId":10530,"journal":{"name":"Communications Earth & Environment","volume":"7 1","pages":"619"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13407168/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148599807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Topographic stress controls fissure segmentation and eruptive cone formation during the Laki and Eldgjá eruptions. 在Laki和eldgj<e:1>喷发期间，地形应力控制着裂缝的分割和喷发锥的形成。

IF 9.3 1区地球科学

Communications Earth & Environment Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-09-02 DOI: 10.1038/s43247-026-03980-4

Maria Hurley, Francesco Maccaferri, Thomas R Walter

{"title":"Topographic stress controls fissure segmentation and eruptive cone formation during the Laki and Eldgjá eruptions.","authors":"Maria Hurley, Francesco Maccaferri, Thomas R Walter","doi":"10.1038/s43247-026-03980-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s43247-026-03980-4","url":null,"abstract":"Elongated dykes in tectonic rifts feed extensive basaltic fissure eruptions, yet surface eruption sites are highly discontinuous and unpredictable. Here we show that along-strike topographic variations, and the associated stress gradients, correlate with this localisation. We investigate eruptive cones at the two most productive historical basaltic eruptions in Iceland, Laki (1783-1784) and Eldgjá (~939-940). Morphological analyses of > 300 cones reveal volume variations (100-107 m3) and segmentation along ~ 100 km of fissures. Comparing cone distribution and volumes along the rift zone with pre-eruptive stress models, we demonstrate that high topographic stress gradients inhibit cone growth. We identify a critical stress gradient threshold predicting where larger cones are inhibited, while horizontal stress gradient peaks predict the location of fissure gaps. Our findings establish an empirical and physical link between topographic stress and volcanic morphologies, complementing previous models with a quantitative framework that aims at improving the forecasting of along-rift vent locations and development.","PeriodicalId":10530,"journal":{"name":"Communications Earth & Environment","volume":"7 1","pages":"719"},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13538144/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148886680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0