Adam Omary, Mark Curtis, Theresa W. Cheng, Patrick Mair, Elizabeth A. Shirtcliff, Deanna M. Barch, Leah H. Somerville
{"title":"Multimodal Measurement of Pubertal Development: Stage, Timing, Tempo, and Hormones","authors":"Adam Omary, Mark Curtis, Theresa W. Cheng, Patrick Mair, Elizabeth A. Shirtcliff, Deanna M. Barch, Leah H. Somerville","doi":"10.1111/cdev.14220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.14220","url":null,"abstract":"Using data from the Human Connectome Project in Development (<i>N</i> = 1304; ages 5–21 years; 50% male; 59% White, 17% Hispanic, 13% Black, 9% Asian), multiple measures (self-report, salivary hormones) and research designs (longitudinal, cross-sectional) were used to characterize age-related changes and sex differences in pubertal development. Both sexes exhibit a sigmoid trajectory of pubertal development; females show earlier pubertal timing and increased tempo ~9–13 years, while males show greater tempo ~14–18 years. All hormones increased with age, with sex differences in testosterone and DHEA levels and in testosterone rates of change. Higher testosterone and DHEA corresponded with earlier pubertal timing in both sexes. These findings characterize typical pubertal and hormonal development and inform best practices for handling puberty data.","PeriodicalId":10109,"journal":{"name":"Child development","volume":"203 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142936455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A long-term prospective cross-lagged study of gender-typed play and mental transformation in children","authors":"Wang Ivy Wong, Sylvia Yun Shi, Gu Li, Pak Ho Ng","doi":"10.1111/cdev.14211","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cdev.14211","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Gender-typed play may contribute to gender disparities in spatial skills, but evidence of this link is limited. Gender-typed play and mental transformation, an important spatial skill, were studied using age-appropriate and comprehensive measures. Chinese children were tested at 5–6 years and at 11–14 years (<i>N</i> = 210), creating a long-term data set considering bidirectional associations. Play and mental transformation showed moderate to large gender differences. Importantly, boy-typical play positively predicted mental transformation, while girl-typical play negatively predicted it. Results were largely consistent across gender and socioeconomic status and when play was coded by spatialness. They suggest that play is an important socialization experience and illuminates the developmental origins of gender disparities in spatial skills.</p>","PeriodicalId":10109,"journal":{"name":"Child development","volume":"96 2","pages":"812-829"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cdev.14211","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142871631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Maladaptive but malleable: Gender-science stereotypes emerge early but are modifiable by language","authors":"Michelle M. Wang, Amanda Cardarelli, Jonah Brenner, Sarah-Jane Leslie, Marjorie Rhodes","doi":"10.1111/cdev.14213","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cdev.14213","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Gender-science stereotypes emerge early in childhood, but little is known about the developmental processes by which they arise. The present study tested the hypothesis that language implying scientists are a special and distinct kind of person contributes to the development of gender-science stereotypes, even when it does not communicate stereotypic content. One cross-sectional and two longitudinal studies with racially and geographically diverse children (primarily from the United States; ages 4–5; <i>N</i> = 872, tested 2020–2022) revealed that gender stereotypes about science versus art (a) emerge before elementary school, (b) arise from commonplace identity-emphasizing language, especially among girls, and (c) can be durably disrupted by subtle changes to language. This study identifies a promising way to counteract stereotypes at their roots.</p>","PeriodicalId":10109,"journal":{"name":"Child development","volume":"96 2","pages":"865-880"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142820733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kara W. Chung, Kyle Lorenzo, David H. Chae, Mona El-Sheikh, Tiffany Yip
{"title":"Impact of daily neighborhood crime on nightly sleep among adolescents","authors":"Kara W. Chung, Kyle Lorenzo, David H. Chae, Mona El-Sheikh, Tiffany Yip","doi":"10.1111/cdev.14202","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cdev.14202","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Crime impacts both the immediate victims and has indirect effects on the community. This study examined associations between daily neighborhood crime and actigraphy-assessed sleep outcomes using multilevel modeling. Data were from a longitudinal (14-day) study of 288 adolescents (<i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 15.27; 70.8% girls, 29.2% boys; 38.9% Asian, 36.8% Hispanic or Latinx, 20.5% Black or African American) in the New York City area in 2014. Residential addresses were geocoded to examine police-recorded crime. Daily neighborhood violent crime was associated with nightly sleep efficiency, but not duration, bedtime, or wake time. Non-violent crime was not associated with any sleep outcomes. This suggests that neighborhood violent crimes are detrimental to the quality, but not quantity or timing, of sleep that adolescents receive that evening.</p>","PeriodicalId":10109,"journal":{"name":"Child development","volume":"96 2","pages":"891-900"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cdev.14202","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142816259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Positive well-being and dampened emotional reactivity to daily family conflict and family cohesion","authors":"Danny Rahal, Gregory M. Fosco","doi":"10.1111/cdev.14206","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cdev.14206","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Conflict and a lack of cohesive daily family relationships can negatively affect adolescent adjustment, although adolescents differ in how they respond (i.e., their emotional reactivity) to these daily experiences. The present study assessed whether adolescents' well-being (i.e., life satisfaction, purpose) was associated with dampened emotional reactivity to daily variability in family conflict and cohesion. Adolescents (<i>N</i> = 150; <i>M</i><sub>Age</sub> = 14.60, SD = 0.83; 61.3% female; 83.4% white) completed a questionnaire regarding well-being and reported family conflict, cohesion, and negative emotion for 21 days between August 2015 and November 2016. Greater life satisfaction was related to dampened negative emotional reactivity to daily conflict, whereas greater purpose was related to dampened negative emotional reactivity to changes in daily family cohesion. Well-being may foster resilience in adolescents' day-to-day emotional processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10109,"journal":{"name":"Child development","volume":"96 2","pages":"797-811"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cdev.14206","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142810159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eva Yi Hung Lau, Xiao-yuan Wu, Carrey Tik Sze Siu, Kate E. Williams, Alfredo Bautista
{"title":"Examining the effectiveness of a video-based parent–child program on executive functions for children 5 to 6 years old: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Eva Yi Hung Lau, Xiao-yuan Wu, Carrey Tik Sze Siu, Kate E. Williams, Alfredo Bautista","doi":"10.1111/cdev.14208","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cdev.14208","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study evaluates the effectiveness of the <i>Parent–child Brain Camp,</i> a 4-week video-based executive functions (EFs) training program for children ages 5–6, through a randomized controlled trial with a pre- and post-test design with 173 Hong Kong children (intervention <i>ni</i> = 79, 48.7% girls, <i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 69.16 months; control <i>n</i> = 94, 56.4% girls, <i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 68.58 months) in 2022. Results from the two-way mixed ANOVA revealed that while the main effect of the Group was not significant, the main effect of Time (<i>η</i><sub>p</sub><sup>2</sup> = 0.232) and the Time × Group interaction effect (<i>η</i><sub>p</sub><sup>2</sup> = 0.038) were significant, with the intervention group demonstrating greater improvements in EFs compared to the control group.</p>","PeriodicalId":10109,"journal":{"name":"Child development","volume":"96 2","pages":"781-796"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cdev.14208","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Loes Pouwels, Ine Beyens, Loes Keijsers, Patti M. Valkenburg
{"title":"Changing or stable? The effects of adolescents' social media use on psychosocial functioning","authors":"J. Loes Pouwels, Ine Beyens, Loes Keijsers, Patti M. Valkenburg","doi":"10.1111/cdev.14207","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cdev.14207","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To better understand the effects of social media use on adolescents' psychosocial functioning, this study examined the temporal stability of social media effects across two separate 3-week experience sampling methodology (ESM) studies conducted 6 months apart in 2019 and 2020. Participants were 297 adolescents (<i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 14.1 years, SD = 0.7, 58.9% girls; 41.1% boys; 0.1% other; 97% Dutch) who completed 126 momentary questionnaires on social media use, affective well-being, self-esteem, and friendship closeness in each of the two ESM studies. The effects of social media on psychosocial functioning had low rank-order stability (<i>r</i> = .05–.25). Findings indicated that the effects of social media use varied not only between individuals but also changed substantially within individuals over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":10109,"journal":{"name":"Child development","volume":"96 2","pages":"752-770"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cdev.14207","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142804613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Children's expectations of nationality-based behaviors differ for immigrants and nonimmigrants","authors":"Shreya Sodhi, Zoe Liberman","doi":"10.1111/cdev.14210","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cdev.14210","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Children in the United States (<i>N</i> = 488, 4–11 years, 239 females, 248 males, one other, 53% White; data collected 2021–2022) participated in three studies investigating their expectations about immigrants. Participants recognized that immigration impacts characters' national identity and behaviors. Although previous research reported that children may essentialize nationality, participants instead reasoned flexibly about immigrant characters. Children expected immigrant characters to share behaviors and preferences with people from both their heritage and host countries, suggesting they may think immigrants hold dual national identities. Even the youngest children tested (ages 4–6) reasoned flexibly about behaviors based on immigration status. Thus, children appear to view national identity as constructed through social and cultural experiences, rather than something innate.</p>","PeriodicalId":10109,"journal":{"name":"Child development","volume":"96 2","pages":"830-846"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142804567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Paul Poteat, Jerel P. Calzo, Hirokazu Yoshikawa, Daniel Kellogg, Robert A. Marx, Abigail Richburg, Arthur Lipkin
{"title":"Youth experiences in gender–sexuality alliances predict academic engagement but not disaffection through social–emotional wellbeing","authors":"V. Paul Poteat, Jerel P. Calzo, Hirokazu Yoshikawa, Daniel Kellogg, Robert A. Marx, Abigail Richburg, Arthur Lipkin","doi":"10.1111/cdev.14209","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cdev.14209","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Experiences in gender–sexuality alliances (GSAs) could predict youth's academic engagement through improved social–emotional wellbeing (indicated by school belonging, hope, and positive and negative affect). This study utilized three waves of data, each spaced 2–3 months apart, among 627 youth (87% LGBQ+, 45% trans/nonbinary, 48% youth of color) ages 11–22 (<i>M</i><sub>age</sub> = 15.13) in 51 GSAs in the United States in 2021–2022. Greater peer responsiveness in the GSA predicted increased academic engagement through increased wellbeing overall and specifically through hope and decreased negative affect. Advisor responsiveness and GSA leadership correlated with wellbeing and academic engagement in bivariate analyses but were not predictive in the comprehensive model. GSA experiences were uncorrelated with academic disaffection. Findings suggest how GSAs promote youth's wellbeing and academic engagement.</p>","PeriodicalId":10109,"journal":{"name":"Child development","volume":"96 2","pages":"847-864"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/cdev.14209","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142805212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lily Dicken, Thomas Suddendorf, Adam Bulley, Muireann Irish, Jonathan Redshaw
{"title":"Children's emerging ability to balance internal and external cognitive resources","authors":"Lily Dicken, Thomas Suddendorf, Adam Bulley, Muireann Irish, Jonathan Redshaw","doi":"10.1111/cdev.14205","DOIUrl":"10.1111/cdev.14205","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Australian children aged 6–9 years (<i>N</i> = 120, 71 females; data collected in 2021-2022) were tasked with remembering the locations of 1, 3, 5, and 7 targets hidden under 25 cups on different trials. In the critical test phase, children were provided with a limited number of tokens to allocate across trials, which they could use to mark target locations and assist future memory performance. Following the search period, children were invited to adjust their previous token allocation. Although 8- to 9-year-olds prospectively allocated proportionately more tokens to more difficult trials, 6- to 7-year-olds did so only in retrospect. During middle childhood, humans become increasingly adept at weighing up when to rely on their unaided capacities and when to offload cognitive demand.</p>","PeriodicalId":10109,"journal":{"name":"Child development","volume":"96 2","pages":"771-780"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142738582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}