Chemical recordPub Date : 2026-08-17Epub Date: 2026-05-24DOI: 10.1002/tcr.70177
Md. Rajibul Akanda
{"title":"Redox Cycling-Based Signal Amplification in Electrochemical Immunosensors: A Personal Account","authors":"Md. Rajibul Akanda","doi":"10.1002/tcr.70177","DOIUrl":"10.1002/tcr.70177","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Electrochemical immunosensors are powerful tools for sensitive biomolecular detection but are often limited by low signal intensity at ultralow analyte concentrations. This personal account presents our systematic development of redox cycling-based amplification strategies to overcome this challenge. Starting with enzyme-amplified electrochemical–chemical cycling, we progressed to chemical–chemical and EC–chemical systems, enabling repeated utilization of enzymatically generated electroactive species. Mechanistic insights into electron-transfer pathways (i.e. inner sphere-philic and outer sphere- philic nature) guided the rational selection of enzyme substrates, redox mediators, and oxidant–reductant pairs. Integrating alkaline phosphatase–catalyzed reactions with multistep redox cycling substantially enhanced signal-to-background ratios and detection limits without complex electrode modification. Hydroquinone diphosphate-based systems offered superior performance due to favorable redox properties and stability. Besides, with enzyme mediated electrochemical-enzymatic cycling, we progressed to EC–enzymtic systems, enzyme itself is redox active. These approaches enabled ultrasensitive detection of protein biomarkers at femtogram-per-milliliter levels and reliable quantification of pathogenic bacteria. The account also addresses challenges in background suppression, reagent stability, and assay reproducibility, providing general design principles for robust, scalable, and sustainable electrochemical biosensors.</p>","PeriodicalId":10046,"journal":{"name":"Chemical record","volume":"26 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148013842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chemical recordPub Date : 2026-08-17Epub Date: 2026-05-28DOI: 10.1002/tcr.70182
Lin Wu, Lixiang Li, Han Zhang, Hongwei Zhao, Qingdong Li, Xueyuan Zhang, Chengguo Sun, Baigang An
{"title":"Multilevel Strategies for Oxygen Electrocatalysis From Interfacial Environment to Spin Modulation","authors":"Lin Wu, Lixiang Li, Han Zhang, Hongwei Zhao, Qingdong Li, Xueyuan Zhang, Chengguo Sun, Baigang An","doi":"10.1002/tcr.70182","DOIUrl":"10.1002/tcr.70182","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The efficiency of oxygen reduction and evolution reactions is fundamentally constrained by macroscopic mass transport bottlenecks at the triple-phase interface and the quantum-mechanical restriction of spin-forbidden transitions. This review presents a multilevel framework to overcome these barriers. At the macroscopic solid–liquid–gas boundary, bio-inspired and asymmetric wettability architectures enable the decoupling of gas and ion transport channels, thereby alleviating diffusion-limited current scaling. At the atomic level, defect engineering, size control, heteroatom doping and synergistic heterointerface construction regulate local electronic structure and oxygen intermediate adsorption. Beyond intrinsic material design, external physical fields act as dynamic levers, ranging from magnetohydrodynamic enhancement of bubble detachment to magnetic exchange interactions for spin alignment. We further highlight chiral spintronics, where the chiral-induced spin selectivity effect provides an intrinsic field-free route for spin filtering. By promoting parallel spin alignment of radical intermediates, intrinsic chirality facilitates triplet oxygen formation. Finally, we integrate these multilevel strategies to outline a path toward next-generation oxygen electrocatalysts, while identifying critical challenges in stability, spin-sensitive operando characterization, standardized evaluation, and practical scalability.</p>","PeriodicalId":10046,"journal":{"name":"Chemical record","volume":"26 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148052947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chemical recordPub Date : 2026-08-17Epub Date: 2026-04-20DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202500343
Subrata Goswami, Gauri Hazarika, Pravin G. Ingole
{"title":"Interfacial Dynamics in MXene Structures: Functional Pathways Toward Next-Generation Mixed Matrix Membranes for CO2 Separation","authors":"Subrata Goswami, Gauri Hazarika, Pravin G. Ingole","doi":"10.1002/tcr.202500343","DOIUrl":"10.1002/tcr.202500343","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Developing effective CO<sub>2</sub> separation technology is essential to ensure environmental remediation. In this endeavor, mixed matrix membranes (MMMs), which synergistically integrate polymer matrices with functional nanofillers (e.g., metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), graphene oxide (GO), clay, etc.), have emerged as a frontier in CO<sub>2</sub> separation. Among the diverse spectrum of nanofillers, MXenes, a class of 2D transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides, stand out for their tunable layered structure and rich surface functional groups. These features enable molecular sieving pathways, improve polymer–filler interfacial compatibility, reduce agglomeration, and optimize membrane morphology. In this review, the progress of MXene-based MMMs for CO<sub>2</sub> separation is critically examined, with an emphasis on structural characteristics, synthesis techniques, CO<sub>2</sub> transport mechanism, and underpinning interfacial dynamics. The review also covers limitations such as defects, aging, stability, and scalability as drivers of innovation, and highlights prospects for sustainable, high-performance, and industrially applicable CO<sub>2</sub> separation membranes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10046,"journal":{"name":"Chemical record","volume":"26 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147721658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chemical recordPub Date : 2026-08-17Epub Date: 2026-07-03DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202500107
Jeffrey I. Seeman,
{"title":"Creating a Masterpiece. The Road to (and Beyond) Woodward and Hoffmann's 1969 Angewandte Chemie Treatise","authors":"Jeffrey I. Seeman, ","doi":"10.1002/tcr.202500107","DOIUrl":"10.1002/tcr.202500107","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This publication presents the history and key scientific content of Woodward and Hoffmann's publications from 1966 to 1973. It was during the writing of the <i>Angewandte Chemie</i> treatise, published in December 1969, that the Woodward-Hoffmann collaboration became intimate and reached its apex. Highlights in the development of this publication include letters and notes exchanged between Woodward and Hoffmann, excerpts from the drafts of the publications, and early stage, hand drawn chemical graphics. Several figures contain a series of excerpts from Woodward and Hoffmann's drafts that illustrate the evolution of their ideas, text, and chemical pictography.</p>","PeriodicalId":10046,"journal":{"name":"Chemical record","volume":"26 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/tcr.202500107","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148374749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chemical recordPub Date : 2026-08-17Epub Date: 2026-05-28DOI: 10.1002/tcr.70162
Cyril Papamicaël, Vincent Gembus, Fabienne Gourand, Vincent Levacher
{"title":"Redox Heterocyclic Platforms Engineered for Brain Drug Delivery and Beyond","authors":"Cyril Papamicaël, Vincent Gembus, Fabienne Gourand, Vincent Levacher","doi":"10.1002/tcr.70162","DOIUrl":"10.1002/tcr.70162","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Overcoming the blood–brain barrier remains one of the most formidable challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of central nervous system disorders. In this account, we showcase our contributions to the field of redox-responsive heterocycles, most notably 1,4-dihydroquinolines and 1,4-dihydropyridines, designed as powerful platforms for targeted brain delivery. Our work builds on the chemical delivery system and bioprecursor prodrug strategies pioneered by Bodor et al. We have focused on the development of redox-activated drug carriers and “bio-oxidizable” prodrugs, which enable efficient transport of neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, and radiotracers for advanced brain imaging, as well as cholinesterase and kinase inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Last but not least, these versatile heterocyclic systems offer unprecedented perspectives in synthetic methodology, driving breakthrough advances in peptide synthesis and atroposelective amide bond construction.</p>","PeriodicalId":10046,"journal":{"name":"Chemical record","volume":"26 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148052980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chemical recordPub Date : 2026-08-17Epub Date: 2026-06-01DOI: 10.1002/tcr.70178
Bency Jose, Sib Sankar Mal
{"title":"A Review on Recent Progress in Metal–Organic Frameworks for Capacitive Deionization","authors":"Bency Jose, Sib Sankar Mal","doi":"10.1002/tcr.70178","DOIUrl":"10.1002/tcr.70178","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The escalating challenge of supplying freshwater stems from an alarming rise in water consumption driven by population growth and increased economic activity. With worsening freshwater scarcity, water pollution, and 80% of wastewater worldwide containing high TDS, heavy metals, and inorganic and organic contaminants, the need to obtain freshwater from nonfreshwater sources is essential. Capacitive deionization (CDI) is an emerging, promising electrochemical technique that offers robustness, cost-effectiveness, and high efficiency. CDI is a cost- and energy-efficient alternative for applications such as desalination and the elimination of heavy or radioactive metals. This review discusses the general concepts of CDI, including different cell designs, adsorption and desorption cycles, and evaluation parameters, to provide a foundation. Later, we describe the potential of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) as electrode materials for CDI, the recently reported modifications and developments in MOF-based electrode materials, their CDI performance, and the underlying mechanisms for desalination and ion capture. This review concludes with future perspectives for further developments in the field of capacitive deionization.</p>","PeriodicalId":10046,"journal":{"name":"Chemical record","volume":"26 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148136724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chemical recordPub Date : 2026-08-17Epub Date: 2026-06-01DOI: 10.1002/tcr.70183
Xiaoxin Dan, Zanbin Li, Mingying Chen, Xianghua Hou, Yang Luo, Longchao Zhuo, Wenxian Liu, Ligang Feng, Xijun Liu
{"title":"Heterojunction Engineering of Electrodes and Membranes in Redox Flow Batteries","authors":"Xiaoxin Dan, Zanbin Li, Mingying Chen, Xianghua Hou, Yang Luo, Longchao Zhuo, Wenxian Liu, Ligang Feng, Xijun Liu","doi":"10.1002/tcr.70183","DOIUrl":"10.1002/tcr.70183","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Redox flow batteries (RFBs) have demonstrated considerable potential for application prospects in the domain of large-scale energy storage. This potential can be attributed to their notable advantages, which include the decoupling of power and capacity, a prolonged cycle life, and a high level of safety. However, the enhancement of their energy efficiency and power density remains significantly constrained by critical issues, including sluggish reaction kinetics, the shuttle effect of active species, and inadequate interfacial stability. In recent years, heterojunctions have emerged as an efficient interfacial engineering strategy, providing novel solutions for enhancing the key performance of RFBs. This enhancement is achieved through the reconstruction of the interfacial electronic structure and modulation of the built-in electric field. This study provides a comprehensive review of the research progress related to heterojunctions in RFBs. The study focuses on summarizing the construction strategies and action mechanisms of heterojunction electrodes and heterojunction ion exchange membranes. It also discusses the regulatory effects of these materials on redox reaction kinetics, ion transport behavior, and cycling stability of RFBs. Additionally, the development trend of machine learning-assisted rational design of heterojunctions is discussed in detail. The objective of this work is to establish a theoretical framework and to elucidate the research insights pertinent to the precision design and engineering application of heterojunction materials in high-performance RFBs.</p>","PeriodicalId":10046,"journal":{"name":"Chemical record","volume":"26 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148136729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sulfur Cathode Design for Practical Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.","authors":"Jiajin Li, Ruoxi Niu, Haoyu Qi, Jinze Song, Kaihua Li, Guoxing Li, Yunling Wu, Lijun Fu, Yuping Wu","doi":"10.1002/tcr.70227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/tcr.70227","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are promising candidates for energy storage owing to their high theoretical energy density and low cost. However, challenges remain due to inherent issues such as sluggish redox kinetics and the severe polysulfide shuttle effect of the sulfur cathode. It is essential to address these issues without compromising high gravimetric and volumetric energy densities for the commercialization of Li-S batteries. Furthermore, although Li-S batteries perform well at ambient temperatures, achieving reliable operation across wider temperature ranges remains challenging, which is crucial for future mission-specific applications. This review delves into advanced design strategies for sulfur cathodes of Li-S batteries, evaluating their influence on gravimetric energy density (Wh kg<sup>-1</sup>), volumetric energy density (Wh L<sup>-1</sup>), and wide-temperature performance. The key parameters of the sulfur cathode significantly relevant to practical application are discussed, including sulfur fraction, sulfur loading, electrolyte-to-sulfur ratio (E/S ratio), and the density of host materials. The aim is to bridge the gap between fundamental research and the practical realization of high-performance Li-S batteries. Finally, the prospects and future research directions toward achieving commercially viable Li-S cells with high-energy density and wide operational temperature capability are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":10046,"journal":{"name":"Chemical record","volume":" ","pages":"e70227"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148757564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chemical recordPub Date : 2026-07-21Epub Date: 2026-05-08DOI: 10.1002/tcr.70160
Samira Saddique, Inaam Ullah, Salamat Ali, Anand Parkash, Syed Zuhair Abbas Shah, Muhammad Irfan, Guiying Xu
{"title":"Atomic Interface Engineering in Two-Dimensional Materials: A Pathway to High-Performance Flexible Thermoelectrics","authors":"Samira Saddique, Inaam Ullah, Salamat Ali, Anand Parkash, Syed Zuhair Abbas Shah, Muhammad Irfan, Guiying Xu","doi":"10.1002/tcr.70160","DOIUrl":"10.1002/tcr.70160","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Thermoelectric (TE) energy conversion, which directly transforms waste heat into usable electricity, presents a crucial technology for sustainable power generation and energy efficiency enhancement. The emergence of two-dimensional (2D) materials has profoundly impacted this field by providing an atomically thin platform for unprecedented control over electronic and thermal transport properties. This comprehensive review critically analyzes the latest progress, persistent challenges, and future opportunities of 2D materials for advanced TE applications. We begin by systematically evaluating the synthesis and processing toolkit, correlating techniques from top-down exfoliation to bottom-up chemical vapor deposition with their specific impacts on microstructure and final device performance. Subsequently, we provide a critical assessment of the fundamental TE performance of key 2D families, including graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), MXenes, black phosphorus (BP), and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN). The discussion details how advanced engineering strategies, such as strain modulation, layer number control, chemical doping, and heterostructure (HS) design, can dramatically enhance the power factor (PF) while simultaneously suppressing lattice thermal conductivity (<i>κ</i><sub>L</sub>). Finally, we showcase the successful translation of these materials into practical applications, encompassing flexible and wearable TE generators (WTEGs), self-powered sensors, and integrated energy harvesting systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":10046,"journal":{"name":"Chemical record","volume":"26 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147834375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chemical recordPub Date : 2026-07-21Epub Date: 2026-05-12DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202500315
Ab Rahman Marlinda, Gregory Soon How Thien, Mohd Arif Mohd Sarjidan, Abu Hashem, Mohammad Al Mamun, Khairul Anwar Ishak, Elmuez Dawi, Atef AbdElKader, Abd Al Karim Haj Ismail, Rafat M. Ibrahim, Kah-Yoong Chan
{"title":"New Perspective on Functionalized Metal Nanoparticles and Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials-Based Composites for Electrochemical Biomarker Sensing and Energy Storage Devices","authors":"Ab Rahman Marlinda, Gregory Soon How Thien, Mohd Arif Mohd Sarjidan, Abu Hashem, Mohammad Al Mamun, Khairul Anwar Ishak, Elmuez Dawi, Atef AbdElKader, Abd Al Karim Haj Ismail, Rafat M. Ibrahim, Kah-Yoong Chan","doi":"10.1002/tcr.202500315","DOIUrl":"10.1002/tcr.202500315","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Due to escalating demand for high-performance electrochemical sensing and energy storage technologies, this review explores the strategic transition towards functionalized metal nanoparticles (MNPs) and 2D nanomaterial-based composites. These hybrid architectures are engineered to overcome the limitations of individual components, offering enhanced charge transfer kinetics and superior structural robustness. We highlight key breakthroughs, such as graphene-decorated gold nanoparticles achieving a limit of detection for cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44 antigens) as low as 2.0 fg/mL for the range from 5 fg/mL to 50 μg/mL. In the realm of energy storage, the silicon–graphene aerogel has demonstrated significant lithium storage capacity, achieving 800 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> after cycling stabilization, and retaining high performance over a long period of time. The discussion extends to diverse functionalization methods that optimize the interface between MNPs and 2D nanomaterial supports to enhance their performance, stability, and versatility in biosensing applications. Furthermore, it highlights their contribution to the improvement of energy storage devices including supercapacitors and batteries made of lithium-ion. Finally, the review concludes by discussing the challenges associated with scaling production and improving the stability and longevity of these composites, also their advantages and limitations in the context of electrochemical biomarker sensing and energy storage applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":10046,"journal":{"name":"Chemical record","volume":"26 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147927078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}