Biotechnology Notes最新文献_第2页

Antibiotic susceptibility and virulence factors of bacterial species among cancer patients 癌症患者对细菌种类的抗生素敏感性和毒力因素

Biotechnology Notes Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotno.2024.02.002

Gamal M. El-Sherbiny , Eman E. Farghal , Mohamed K. Lila , Yousseria M. Shetaia , S.S. Mohamed , Marwa MF. Elswify

{"title":"Antibiotic susceptibility and virulence factors of bacterial species among cancer patients","authors":"Gamal M. El-Sherbiny , Eman E. Farghal , Mohamed K. Lila , Yousseria M. Shetaia , S.S. Mohamed , Marwa MF. Elswify","doi":"10.1016/j.biotno.2024.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biotno.2024.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Antibiotic resistance is one of the most significant challenges of the 20-s century, and the misuse of antibiotics is a driver of antimicrobial resistance. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of multidrug resistance, and detection of its produce virulence factors, including extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESβLs), biofilm, and siderophores produced by bacterial species isolated from cancer patients. One hundred and seventy-five Gram-negative bacterial isolates were isolated from different samples collected from cancer patients admitted to the National Cancer Institute (NCI), Cairo, Egypt, and processed by standard microbiological methods. One hundred and forty-three bacterial isolates were recovered from adult patients, and 32 were recovered from children. <em>Escherichia coli</em> showed the highest frequency (36%), followed by <em>Klebsiella pneumonia</em> (30.85%), <em>Acinetobacter baummannii</em> (14.28%), and <em>Pseudomonas</em> sp. (9.14%). Antibiotic profiles revealed that bacterial isolates are highly resistant to the most commonly available antibiotics. Amikacin and gentamicin were the most effective antibiotics against isolated Gram-negative bacteria. Moreover, the vast majority of bacterial stains produce virulence factors, including EsβLs, biofilm, and siderophores. <em>E. coli</em> isolates produced ESβLs with rates of 25.28%, <em>Klebsiella pneumonia</em> (11.0%), and <em>Pseudomonas</em> sp. (25.0%). Among these collected bacterial isolates, 132 (75.4%) have the ability to form a biofilm to different degrees. Also, the majority of the bacteria isolates generated siderophores, with 133 (75.94%). This study revealed that a significant distribution of multidrug-resistant pathogenic bacteria may increase the burden on healthcare to prevent infections in cancer patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100186,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Notes","volume":"5 ","pages":"Pages 27-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665906924000059/pdfft?md5=a4cbb8c1c8e233851aa0e7c0fcc49313&pid=1-s2.0-S2665906924000059-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139967021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A comparative exploration of mRNA capping enzymes mRNA 封口酶的比较研究

Biotechnology Notes Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotno.2024.11.005

Yiming Wang , Xiaoxue Wang , Wenchao Li , Xinjie Chen , Yuan Lu

{"title":"A comparative exploration of mRNA capping enzymes","authors":"Yiming Wang , Xiaoxue Wang , Wenchao Li , Xinjie Chen , Yuan Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.biotno.2024.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biotno.2024.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the wide application of messenger RNA (mRNA) technology in medicine and vaccine fields, higher requirements are put forward for mRNA expression efficiency <em>in vivo</em>. Since the 5′ cap structure can spatially protect mRNA from exonuclease degradation and enhance the initiation of translation reactions, <em>in vitro</em> mRNA caps are a promising option to improve the efficiency of mRNA expression <em>in vivo</em>. In order to obtain more efficient mRNA capping enzymes, seven mRNA capping enzymes from different viral sources were explored in this study. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells were used for the heterologous expression of the cap enzymes, and <em>Escherichia coli</em> was identified as the most suitable host cell for heterologous expression. In addition, in order to improve the solubility of the capping enzyme, four kinds of soluble labels were screened, among which maltose-binding protein had the best effect and the widest applicability. The mRNA was then transfected into the human cells, and the highest transfection efficiency was achieved using the bluetongue virus capping enzyme. Its effect was 38 % higher than that of the previously widely used vaccinia virus capping enzyme. This work will promote the development of mRNA technology and expand its application space.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100186,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Notes","volume":"5 ","pages":"Pages 165-172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142704172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Screening, characterization, and production of Bacillus cereus (S55) bioflocculant isolated from soil for application in wastewater treatment 筛选、鉴定和生产从土壤中分离出来的蜡样芽孢杆菌（S55）生物絮凝剂，用于废水处理

Biotechnology Notes Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotno.2024.11.003

Karthikeyan Harinisri , Ragothaman Prathiviraj , Balasubramanian Thamarai Selvi

引用次数: 0

Organ-on-chip technology: Opportunities and challenges 片上器官技术：机遇与挑战

Biotechnology Notes Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotno.2024.01.001

Santosh Kumar Srivastava , Guo Wei Foo , Nikhil Aggarwal , Matthew Wook Chang

引用次数: 0

Biotechnology Notes: A Year of Milestones

Biotechnology Notes Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotno.2024.11.004

Matthew Wook Chang

引用次数: 0

Understanding virus retention mechanisms on protein a chromatography based on using different wash buffers – Evaluating the possibility for a generic wash buffer toolbox to improve virus clearance capacity 通过使用不同的清洗缓冲液，了解病毒在蛋白 a 层析上的滞留机制 - 评估通用清洗缓冲液工具箱的可能性，以提高病毒清除能力

Biotechnology Notes Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotno.2024.03.001

Sandra Krause , Florian Capito , Verena Oeinck , Hendrik Flato , Holger Hoffmann , Ozan Ötes , Annette Berg

{"title":"Understanding virus retention mechanisms on protein a chromatography based on using different wash buffers – Evaluating the possibility for a generic wash buffer toolbox to improve virus clearance capacity","authors":"Sandra Krause , Florian Capito , Verena Oeinck , Hendrik Flato , Holger Hoffmann , Ozan Ötes , Annette Berg","doi":"10.1016/j.biotno.2024.03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotno.2024.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>During manufacturing of mammalian-cell derived monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) virus clearance capacity of the downstream process has to be demonstrated. The protein A chromatography step typically achieves less than 4 log<sub>10</sub> and is not considered as a major contributing step. Having been successfully applied to host cell protein removal before, we used different wash buffers for three mAbs with two model viruses (Minute virus of mice and Murine leukemia virus) in series as well as separately to further understand major contributing interactions for virus retention and potentially design a generic toolbox of stringent wash buffers to be applied to various mAbs. Results indicate a major relevance of hydrophobic interaction for Murine leukemia virus (xMuLV) and mAb A, based on improved clearance for buffers additionally containing increased levels of hydrophobic compounds. This effect was less pronounced for Minute virus of mice (MVM), whereby hydrogen-bonds were expected to play a stronger role for this model virus. Additionally, electrostatic interactions presumably are more relevant for MVM retention compared to xMuLV under the conditions evaluated. A generic mAb and virus-independent stringent wash buffer toolbox could not be identified. However, based on our results a customized mAb and virus wash buffer design with improved virus clearance is possible, with here demonstrated log reduction increase by 1.3 log<sub>10</sub> for MVM and 2.2 log<sub>10</sub> for xMuLV for the protein A step compared to equilibration buffer alone.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100186,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Notes","volume":"5 ","pages":"Pages 50-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665906924000060/pdfft?md5=d90d78b9590b013af6078b5615adb6ad&pid=1-s2.0-S2665906924000060-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140348246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Incorporating omics-based tools into endophytic fungal research 将基于omics的工具纳入内生真菌研究

Biotechnology Notes Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotno.2023.12.006

Vinita Verma , Alok Srivastava , Sanjay Kumar Garg , Vijay Pal Singh , Pankaj Kumar Arora

{"title":"Incorporating omics-based tools into endophytic fungal research","authors":"Vinita Verma , Alok Srivastava , Sanjay Kumar Garg , Vijay Pal Singh , Pankaj Kumar Arora","doi":"10.1016/j.biotno.2023.12.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biotno.2023.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fungal endophytes are valuable sources of bioactive compounds with diverse applications. The exploration of these compounds not only contributes to our understanding of ecological interactions but also holds promise for the development of novel products with agricultural, medicinal, and industrial significance. Continued exploration of fungal endophyte diversity and understanding the ecological roles of bioactive compounds present opportunities for new discoveries and applications. Omics techniques, which include genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, contribute to the discovery of novel bioactive compounds produced by fungal endophytes with their potential applications. The omics techniques play a critical role in unraveling the complex interactions between fungal endophytes and their host plants, providing valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms and potential applications of these relationships. This review provides an overview of how omics techniques contribute to the study of fungal endophytes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100186,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Notes","volume":"5 ","pages":"Pages 1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665906923000259/pdfft?md5=222a86c032e0d932ffc20dd4a771b7fe&pid=1-s2.0-S2665906923000259-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139108011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its recombinant pro-isoforms in depressive disorder: Open questions 脑源性神经营养因子及其重组原异构体在抑郁障碍中的作用：悬而未决的问题

Biotechnology Notes Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotno.2024.09.001

Éllen F. Rodrigues , Ana L. Fachin , Mozart Marins , Felipe Britto Letieri , Rodrigo G. Stabeli , Renê O. Beleboni

引用次数: 0

The future of cell-free synthetic biology

Biotechnology Notes Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotno.2024.11.001

Yuan Lu

引用次数: 0

Unlocking the potential of biosurfactants: Innovations in metabolic and genetic engineering for sustainable industrial and environmental solutions 释放生物表面活性剂的潜力：新陈代谢和基因工程创新：可持续的工业和环境解决方案

Biotechnology Notes Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotno.2024.07.001

Sameer Chabhadiya , D.K. Acharya , Amitsinh Mangrola , Rupal Shah , Edwin A. Pithawala

{"title":"Unlocking the potential of biosurfactants: Innovations in metabolic and genetic engineering for sustainable industrial and environmental solutions","authors":"Sameer Chabhadiya , D.K. Acharya , Amitsinh Mangrola , Rupal Shah , Edwin A. Pithawala","doi":"10.1016/j.biotno.2024.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biotno.2024.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biosurfactants, synthesized by microorganisms, hold potential for various industrial and environmental applications due to their surface-active properties and biodegradability. Metabolic and genetic engineering strategies enhance biosurfactant production by modifying microbial pathways and genetics. Strategies include optimizing biosurfactant biosynthesis pathways, expanding substrate utilization, and improving stress responses. Genetic engineering allows customization of biosurfactant characteristics to meet industrial needs. Notable examples include engineering <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> for enhanced rhamnolipid production and creating synthetic biosurfactant pathways in non-native hosts like <em>Escherichia coli</em>. CRISPR-Cas9 technology offers precise tools for genetic manipulation, enabling targeted gene disruption and promoter optimization to enhance biosurfactant production efficiency. Synthetic promoters enable precise control over biosurfactant gene expression, contributing to pathway optimization across diverse microbial hosts. The future of biosurfactant research includes sustainable bio-processing, customized biosurfactant engineering, and integration of artificial intelligence and systems biology. Advances in genetic and metabolic engineering will enable tailor-made biosurfactants for diverse applications, with potential for industrial-scale production and commercialization. Exploration of untapped microbial diversity may lead to novel biosurfactants with unique properties, expanding the versatility and sustainability of biosurfactant-based solutions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100186,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Notes","volume":"5 ","pages":"Pages 111-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2665906924000114/pdfft?md5=4bf3ad577ced0d7cd38282ad249883ae&pid=1-s2.0-S2665906924000114-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141853412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0