Biotechnology Notes最新文献

{"title":"Green-mediated gold nanoparticles from Allium cepa: Synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial properties","authors":"Aanuoluwapo Eunice Adegbola ,&nbsp;Tesleem Olatunde Abolarinwa ,&nbsp;Omolola Esther Fayemi","doi":"10.1016/j.biotno.2026.01.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biotno.2026.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles has gained significant interest in biomedicine due to its cost‐effectiveness and environmental compatibility. In this study, aqueous extracts of <em>Allium cepa</em> bulb and peel were employed as biogenic reducing, capping, and stabilizing agents for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The synthesized nanoparticles were tested against pathogenic bacteria. UV–Vis spectroscopy confirmed nanoparticle formation with distinct surface plasmon resonance peaks at 551 nm for bulb-derived AuNPs (OBNPs) and 539 nm for peel-derived AuNPs (OPNPs). FT-IR analysis indicated potential involvement of flavonoids, phenolic constituents, and sulphur-containing compounds in the reduction and stabilization processes, while X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed characteristic face-centered cubic crystalline structures. SEM and TEM micrographs further showed extract-dependent morphological variations: OBNPs appeared irregular, polydisperse, and agglomerated, whereas OPNPs exhibited well-defined anisotropic features such as nanoplates and truncated plate-like structures. The broad particle size distribution (5–200 nm) reflects the influence of phytochemical composition on nucleation and growth. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) confirmed the elemental presence of gold (&gt;94%) in the nanoparticles. Both OBNPs and OPNPs exhibited strong antibacterial effects, with MIC and MBC values ranged from 0.625 to 1.25 and 5–10 mg/mL, respectively. Completed bacteria elimination was archived within 12–24 h. Overall, this work establishes <em>Allium cepa</em>, particularly onion peel waste, as a valuable, low-cost, and sustainable resource for stable AuNPs synthesis with potential for biomedical and antimicrobial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100186,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Notes","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 44-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147278169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probiotics, postbiotics, and synbiotics in immune system modulation: A narrative review","authors":"Mina Owrang","doi":"10.1016/j.biotno.2026.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biotno.2026.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interactions between the intestinal microbiota and the immune system play a crucial role in human health and the pathogenesis of various diseases. Since many beneficial effects of probiotics are mediated through their bioactive metabolites, increasing attention has been directed toward postbiotics and synbiotics as potential alternatives or complementary microbiota-based interventions. This review summarizes current evidence regarding the interactions and immunomodulatory effects of probiotics, postbiotics, and synbiotics on the human immune system. Although the immunomodulatory effects of probiotics have been extensively investigated, evidence regarding synbiotics and postbiotics remains comparatively limited and continues to evolve. A deeper understanding of the interactions between microbiota-derived bioactives and the immune system may contribute to the development of novel therapeutic strategies. This study was conducted as a narrative review based on a qualitative synthesis of the currently available literature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100186,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Notes","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 114-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13320421/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148371629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In silico and In vitro studies of EGFR kinase and Anilide derivatives as inhibitors against Breast Cancer","authors":"Mala M. Parab,&nbsp;Pramodkumar P. Gupta,&nbsp;Shraddha Shetty,&nbsp;Santosh S. Chhajed,&nbsp;Geetanjali Shukla,&nbsp;Kshitij Bapat,&nbsp;Debjani Dasgupta,&nbsp;Prerona Boruah","doi":"10.1016/j.biotno.2026.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biotno.2026.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The benzanilide scaffold is well known for its biological activities, such as antifungal, antibacterial, herbicide, and anti-tumor activity. Benzanilides with halogen substitution were computationally designed and screened against EGFR kinase, with erlotinib as a reference compound, using molecular docking. Two compounds were synthesized by the Schotten-Baumann reaction and confirmed based on FT-IR spectrophotometry, TLC, and sharp, narrow-range melting point analyses. The synthesized compounds were tested for antiproliferative activity and acute toxicity using the MTT assay with the (MCF-7) human breast cancer cell line. The effect of the compounds on non-cancerous cells in the human body was tested using blood lymphocytes. The mechanism of action evaluated by an in vitro cytotoxicity study revealed IC₅₀ values of compound A = 75.54 ± 4.7 μM and compound B = 178.5 ± 9.0 μM (mean ± SEM, n = 3), showing promising growth-inhibitory cytotoxic actions with increasing concentrations against EGFR in breast cancer. Docking studies revealed that synthesized compounds interacted with a similar enzyme and ATP binding site of EGFR-TK in the reference drug erlotinib, along with additional strong interactions indicating efficacy and potency. To predict better tolerability and late failure, toxicity predictions were made for the synthesized compounds. Therefore, this research aimed to demonstrate the activity of several promising benzanilide molecules.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100186,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Notes","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 156-167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148735530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities of marine fungal epiphytes associated with red and green algae of the Kenyan coast","authors":"Aragaw Zemene Sendekie,&nbsp;Kimang'a Andrew Nyerere,&nbsp;Purity Kinya Kaaria","doi":"10.1016/j.biotno.2026.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biotno.2026.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Marine-derived fungal epiphytes represent an important yet largely unexplored source of bioactive compounds. This study investigates the antibacterial and anti-biofilm properties of cultivable fungal epiphytes associated with red and green algae collected from a single coastal site in Kenya. A total of 330 fungal isolates were initially identified based on their morphological characteristics. Following agar-plug screening, nine active isolates have been identified through ITS-rDNA sequencing. Ethyl acetate and methanolic fungal extracts were evaluated against six multidrug-resistant microorganisms using disc diffusion, MIC, MBC, and microtiter biofilm disruption assays. The five best-performing extracts were subjected to SEM imaging, with two (Cer sp-2 and Ulr-1) further analyzed via GC-MS. Extracts from both solvents showed remarkable antibacterial effects, producing zones of inhibition that spanned between 10.00 ± 0.00 and 29.00 ± 0.00 mm. Furthermore, MIC and MBC assays revealed strong activity, with the lowest recorded values being 0.039 mg/mL and 0.156 mg/mL, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis displayed structural changes in bacterial cells, supporting a membrane-targeting mechanism of action. They also exhibited significant anti-biofilm properties (P &lt; 0.05-0.0001) compared to the PBS-treated control. Although most biofilm reduction percentages were relatively low, the extracts displayed measurable activity in disrupting pre-formed biofilms. GC-MS identified a diverse profile of bioactive metabolites in the two representative extracts. Overall, Kenyan coastal algae harbor bioactive fungal epiphytes with promising potential to combat multidrug-resistant and biofilm-forming pathogens. Comprehensive studies are needed to discover novel therapeutic candidates in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100186,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Notes","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 120-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13320426/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148371642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biogenic synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using Pichia cactophila-derived β-glucan as a novel capping agent: Characterization, antioxidant, antibacterial, and cytotoxicity evaluation","authors":"Koushik Bandlu Raghuram,&nbsp;Seema J. Patel,&nbsp;Jayalakshmi Kabbur Rajashekar,&nbsp;Ganesh Gopal Tilve","doi":"10.1016/j.biotno.2026.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biotno.2026.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study reports the isolation and molecular identification of <em>Pichia cactophila</em> JP strain from Jogimatti Forest soil, Karnataka, India, and the first-ever use of its extracted β-glucan as a biogenic capping agent for ZnO nanoparticle synthesis. β-glucan was isolated via acid-alkali extraction (yield: 4.6% w/w dry cell weight) and employed in a co-precipitation method to synthesize YGZnNP-1. Physicochemical characterization confirmed a crystalline hexagonal wurtzite ZnO structure (JCPDS No. 36-1451), an average crystallite size of ∼28.5 nm, and a UV absorption peak at 372 nm. FTIR spectroscopy verified effective β-glucan surface functionalization. YGZnNP-1 exhibited potent dose-dependent antioxidant activity (DPPH IC₅₀: 79.73 μg/mL), significant antibacterial activity against <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, and favourable biocompatibility against NIH 3T3 fibroblast cells (IC₅₀: 98.20 μg/mL). These findings establish YGZnNP-1 as a promising multifunctional nanomaterial for biomedical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100186,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Notes","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 142-155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148523847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface plasmon resonance biosensors: Advancements, applications, and future directions in molecular detection","authors":"Nidal El Biyari","doi":"10.1016/j.biotno.2026.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biotno.2026.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) biosensors have emerged as one of the most potent and adaptable methods for detecting molecular interactions in real-time and without labeling. SPR enables the accurate monitoring of biomolecular interactions in various contexts by detecting changes in refractive index near the sensor's surface. Over the last few decades, SPR technology has advanced dramatically, with improvements in sensor sensitivity, resolution, and throughput.</div><div>This study provides a comprehensive overview of SPR biosensors, highlighting recent advances in sensor technology, materials, and detection methodologies. We cover the fundamentals of SPR sensing and the factors that influence sensor performance, including metal selection, surface functionalization, and immobilization techniques. The report also looks at the wide range of applications for SPR biosensors, including drug development and illness diagnostics, as well as environmental monitoring and food safety.</div><div>The promise of SPR technology is further investigated by studying new advancements such as the incorporation of nanomaterials, microfluidics, and multi-analyte detection systems. We also explore the SPR biosensor's future directions, including existing limits and potential applications in customized medicine, point-of-care diagnostics, and quick environmental monitoring.</div><div>This review seeks to give a comprehensive overview of SPR biosensors, highlighting their potential to revolutionize molecular detection in a variety of disciplines, as well as outlining the obstacles and possibilities that lie ahead for their future development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100186,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Notes","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 22-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147278161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Between FAMEs-Qualitative and Biomass-Quantitative: A review study on oleaginous fungi","authors":"Kadhim Fadhil Kadhim ,&nbsp;Inaam Mahmood Najem Alrubayae ,&nbsp;Mohammed Hussein Minati","doi":"10.1016/j.biotno.2026.01.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biotno.2026.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Energy scarcity remains a major global challenge, particularly in the transition toward sustainable and secure energy systems. Fossil energy plays a pivotal role in exacerbating environmental pollution. Consequently, modern bio-refineries and bioenergy have been crucial in utilizing biomass to produce a range of high-value bio-chemicals and biofuels, all in the effort to achieve a climate-neutral future. Fungal microbial lipids could represent essential alternative raw materials for biodiesel production, which may perhaps contribute to partially addressing the problem of declining global oil production. Oleaginous fungi accumulate lipids exceeding 20% of their dry biomass, predominantly as triacylglycerols comprising saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, which closely resemble fatty acids found in vegetable oils that are currently utilized in biodiesel production. Despite the significant advantages of these fungi, large-scale industrial production of fungal lipids has not yet been commercialized. One of the most important challenges that oleaginous fungi must overcome is their ability to produce very large quantities of biomass by using very cheap raw materials, in addition to the fact that these masses contain large quantities of oils of high quality to achieve economic feasibility. This review highlights the investment possibility of oleaginous fungi in biomass-based biodiesel production, their characterization as well as <em>in vitro</em> screening advantages, and indicates the need for further research to improve their industrial applications and increase their efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100186,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Notes","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 58-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147313958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and production of a Bacillus mycoides Bioflocculant for sustainable effluent treatment","authors":"Karthikeyan Harinisri,&nbsp;Balasubramanian Thamarai Selvi","doi":"10.1016/j.biotno.2026.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biotno.2026.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Industrial effluent treatment relies on chemical coagulants, which incur higher costs and generate toxic sludge. This study isolated and identified bioflocculant-producing <em>Bacillus mycoides</em> (S39) strain and enhanced yield using one-factor-at-a-time optimization. Characterization studies of purified bioflocculant reveal a crystalline polysaccharide bearing amine, hydroxyl, and carboxylate groups that drive adsorption and polymer bridging. The bioflocculant exhibited flocculation activities of 95.56 % for textile effluent and 92.84 % for steel wastewater with Ca²⁺ activation. Bioflocculant remained stable across pH and temperature. Kinetics followed a pseudo-first-order model, yielding rate constants, an optimized dosage, and assistance with sizing. Hemolysis (&lt;5 %) and viability (&gt;80 %) assays indicated non-cytotoxicity. The bioflocculant maintained performance ranged from 0.01 to 10 L, supporting S39 as a sustainable alternative to chemical coagulants. This study investigated the potential of <em>B</em>. <em>mycoides</em> bioflocculant, which showed promise as a sustainable and high-efficiency alternative to conventional coagulants and, to the best of our knowledge, the first kinetic and scale-relevant evaluation of this strain for wastewater treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100186,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Notes","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146135774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and phenotypic characterization of a lytic bacteriophage with quantitative host range and antibiofilm activity against clinical MRSA isolates","authors":"Vishnu Priya Panneerselvam,&nbsp;Leela Kagithakara Vajravelu,&nbsp;Shobana Sugumar,&nbsp;Dakshina M. Nair,&nbsp;Rahul Harikumar Lathakumari,&nbsp;Poornima Baskar Vimala,&nbsp;Jayaprakash Thulukanam","doi":"10.1016/j.biotno.2026.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biotno.2026.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MRSA) remains a major public health concern due to multidrug resistance and robust biofilm formation, limiting the effectiveness of conventional antibiotics. Bacteriophages have re-emerged as alternative biological tools for targeted antibacterial and antibiofilm strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to isolate and phenotypically characterize a bacteriophage active against clinical MRSA isolates and evaluate its replication kinetics, environmental stability, host range, and antibiofilm activity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Bacteriophages were isolated from hospital sewage by enrichment against all 51 confirmed MRSA isolates obtained from 207 clinical specimens, and a single isolate was selected based on highest plaque-forming titer, clear plaque morphology, and broadest lysis spectrum. Phage morphology was examined using transmission electron microscopy. Replication kinetics were assessed by one-step growth analysis, and stability was evaluated under varying pH and temperature conditions. Host range was determined using efficiency of plating (EOP) across four MRSA isolates representing the spectrum of qualitative susceptibility responses. Antibiofilm activity was assessed using crystal violet biomass assay and CFU-based viability analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 51 confirmed MRSA isolates, 98% (50/51) carried the <em>mecA</em> gene. The phage produced clear plaques with a titer of 1.38 × 10¹⁰ PFU/mL. EOP analysis showed strain-dependent infectivity, indicating a moderate-to-broad host range. The phage exhibited optimal stability at pH 7.0 and 37 °C, with reduced activity at extreme conditions. A latent period of ∼30 min and a burst size of 16 phages per cell were observed. Biofilm assays demonstrated up to 96.9% biomass reduction and &gt;4 log₁₀ reduction in viable cells.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The study provides comprehensive phenotypic characterization of an MRSA-targeting bacteriophage. Although whole-genome sequencing was not performed, the findings establish a functional baseline supporting future genomic and translational investigations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100186,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Notes","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 168-176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148735538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization and characterization of zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized with the assistance of Bacillus tequilensis supernatant","authors":"Elayappan Sindhu,&nbsp;Arumugam Karthikeyan","doi":"10.1016/j.biotno.2026.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biotno.2026.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biogenic synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles offers a novel and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional synthesis methods. The current study utilized the cell-free supernatant of <em>Bacillus tequilensis</em> to assist the biosynthesis of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles by employing zinc sulphate monohydrate as precursor. The conditions of the synthesis procedure, such as precursor concentration, pH, and temperature of the reaction mixture, were optimized to improve the nanoparticle yield, stability, and reproducibility. The formation of ZnO nanoparticles was assessed using UV-Vis spectroscopy. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis demonstrated the presence of functional groups responsible for the reduction and stabilization of the nanoparticles. The crystalline wurtzite structure of ZnO was established using X-ray Diffraction (XRD). Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy established the shape of the particles and elemental composition corresponding to Zn and O. Zeta potential analysis indicated the moderate colloidal stability of the synthesized nanoparticles. The findings of the present study demonstrate the feasibility of using <em>Bacillus tequilensis</em> as a novel biological system for the controlled synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using the cell-free supernatant method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100186,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Notes","volume":"7 ","pages":"Pages 92-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147656893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}