Advanced Membranes最新文献

{"title":"Rejuvenation of reverse osmosis polyamide membranes degraded by chlorine in the presence of ferric chloride","authors":"Muhammad Inam Bari,&nbsp;Bende Merve Kayhan,&nbsp;Bengü Bozkaya,&nbsp;Aykut Argönül","doi":"10.1016/j.advmem.2025.100141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advmem.2025.100141","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reverse osmosis (RO) polyamide membranes are widely used for water treatment applications. However, certain processes such as wastewater reuse require regular membrane cleaning and disinfection with oxidants, which can lead to early membrane degradation. Furthermore, some metal ions present in the water can act as a catalyst for further accelerating the degradation. This early degradation of RO membranes poses significant challenges, resulting in operational inefficiencies, early disposal of membranes, and elevated operational costs. Fortunately, there is the possibility of recovering some part of this performance loss by means of chemical treatment through rejuvenating agents. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of a commercially available rejuvenating agent containing tannic acid for restoring salt rejection and permeability parameters on degraded thin-film polyamide membranes. The membranes were first degraded using 250 ​ppm sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 0.05 ​ppm ferric chloride (FeCl₃) at various pH levels (pH ​= ​4, 7 and 9). After applying the rejuvenation treatment to the degraded membranes, the efficiency of the rejuvenating agent was determined based on the improvement achieved for performance testing with respect to salt rejection and permeability. Analytical characterization of the membranes was carried out with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy-Attenuated Total Reflection (FTIR-ATR). It was found that the chlorine degradation of membranes was accelerated in the presence of FeCl₃ at all studied pH levels but more prominently in the acidic region. This acceleration effect was attributed to the formation of (<span><math><mrow><mo>·</mo><mtext>OH</mtext></mrow></math></span>, <span><math><mrow><mo>·</mo><mtext>OCl</mtext></mrow></math></span>) radicals. Under the conditions studied in this work, rejuvenating agent treatment effectively enhanced the salt rejection capability of the degraded membranes but was unable to restore the permeate flux.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100033,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Membranes","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143678398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Membranes with hollow bowl-shaped window for CO2 removal from natural gas","authors":"Weiwang Lim ,&nbsp;Wen He ,&nbsp;Ji Ma ,&nbsp;Shabi Ul Hassan ,&nbsp;Jingcheng Du ,&nbsp;Qian Sun ,&nbsp;Dong Cao ,&nbsp;Jian Guan ,&nbsp;Hongjun Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiangtao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.advmem.2025.100129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advmem.2025.100129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) are crucial for CO₂ separation and offer a potential solution to overcome conventional gas separation. Nevertheless, MMMs face challenges due to interfacial defects in membranes, which results in poor gas separation performance. In this study, γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) based MMMs were synthesized via a simple solution casting method. γ-CD could be molecularly dispersed in Matrimid matrix up to 3 ​wt% loading without defects at the interfaces in membranes. ATR-FTIR results showed that γ-CD based MMMs have significant peak with loading increases. Leveraging the high CO₂ solubility and high porosity of γ-CD, Matrimid/γ-CD based membranes exhibit improved CO₂/CH₄ selectivity. Especially, the CO₂ permeability of Matrimid-3%-CD membrane increased by 40 % (from 13.35 to 18.71 Barrer) and CO₂/CH₄ increased by 99 ​% (from 36.08 to 71.96), respectively compared to pristine Matrimid membrane. This demonstrates that the incorporation of γ-CD in Matrimid membrane significantly improves both permeability and selectivity. The Matrimid-γ-CD membrane also demonstrated superior long-term operation stability after aging 593 days. Thus, this study lays the foundation for the development of γ-CD-based membranes with high CO₂/CH₄ selectivity, providing potential pathways for CO₂ separation processes in CO₂/CH₄ separation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100033,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Membranes","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143099935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accurate separation and recovery of humic substances from landfill leachate concentrate by triethanolamine-based loose nanofiltration membranes","authors":"Shihang Wei ,&nbsp;Anqi Fu ,&nbsp;Huaying Li ,&nbsp;Wenyi Dong ,&nbsp;Feiyun Sun ,&nbsp;Hongjie Wang ,&nbsp;Ding Yu Xing ,&nbsp;Yuexing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.advmem.2025.100137","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advmem.2025.100137","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The treatment of landfill leachate concentrate poses significant environmental challenges, particularly in the separation and recovery of valuable humic substances from high salt concentrations. In this study, a novel loose nanofiltration (LNF) membrane was fabricated using 0.5 wt% triethanolamine (TEOA) and 0.1 wt% trimesoyl chloride (TMC) via interfacial polymerization for the accurate separation of humic substances from inorganic salts in landfill leachate concentrate. The optimized TEOA membrane exhibited high permeate flux about 67.6 ​L ​m⁻² ​h⁻¹·bar⁻¹ and over 90 ​% transmission for ions, while achieving the rejection of humic substances above 92 ​%. The effects of operating conditions were investigated. Results showed that increasing inorganic salt concentration led to a notable decrease in inorganic salt rejection due to intensified concentration polarization and weakened electrostatic interactions. Rising humic substance concentration further intensified membrane fouling and concentration polarization, resulting in reduced flux and increased humic substance and inorganic salt rejections. Higher temperatures and alkaline pH increased flux and maintained stable rejections. In addition, a two-stage membrane filtration process was subsequently applied to actual landfill leachate concentrate samples. The humic substance concentration was enriched from 1.5 to 37.4 ​g ​L⁻¹, achieving a recovery rate over 60 ​% at a concentration factor of 12.5. The recovered humic substances complied with the standards of water-soluble fertilizers containing humic-acids (NY1106-2010), highlighting the LNF membrane's potential in sustainable landfill leachate concentrate management and resource recovery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100033,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Membranes","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eliminating lattice defects in UiO-66-NH2 membrane towards high-precision desalination","authors":"Wenwen Dong ,&nbsp;Jiahui Yan ,&nbsp;Taotao Ji ,&nbsp;Mingming Wu ,&nbsp;Kunpeng Yu ,&nbsp;Yi Liu ,&nbsp;Wenjing Hu ,&nbsp;Yi Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.advmem.2025.100142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advmem.2025.100142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Zirconium-based MOF membranes exhibit significant potential in energy-efficient desalination. Nevertheless, framework defect elimination, which represents an effective protocol to enhance their molecular sieving capacity and operation stability, remains highly challenging to date. In this study, we proposed a framework defect patching strategy to prepare robust UiO-66-NH₂ membrane with Zr₆O₄(OH)₄(OAc)₁₂ cluster source towards high-efficiency desalination. Ion sieving results indicated that increasing reaction temperature and ratio of ligand to Zr₆O₄(OH)₄(OAc)₁₂ cluster contributed to framework defect elimination. UiO-66-NH₂ membranes prepared under optimized conditions exhibited superior metal ion rejection rate (Al³⁺: 97.7 ​%) and operation stability over 20 days. Particularly, their water/NaCl separation performance well exceeded majority of reported polycrystalline 3D membranes, offering promising prospects for modulating molecular diffusion kinetics in MOF pores.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100033,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Membranes","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constructing heterogeneously wettable nanofiber membrane for highly efficient oil refining","authors":"Mi Zhou ,&nbsp;Jiayu Tong ,&nbsp;Fangru Zhou ,&nbsp;Linlin Yan ,&nbsp;Pengju Gao ,&nbsp;Kai Wang ,&nbsp;Xiquan Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.advmem.2025.100135","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advmem.2025.100135","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Superhydrophobic membranes are highly energy-efficient for refining the oil from water-in-oil emulsions. Nevertheless, the poor solvent resistance and the ineffectiveness in separating nano-sized water droplets (below 100 nm) of the superhydrophobic membrane undermine their application in the water/oil separation process, especially for the separation of water-in-dichloromethane (CH₂Cl₂) and water-in-chloroform (CHCl₃) emulsions. Herein, inspired by the desert beetle, we provided a facile approach to enhance the separation efficiency of cross-linked asymmetric nanofiber membrane (CNMs) towards water-in-oil emulsions by well-dispersed superabsorbent sodium polyacrylates (SAPs) particles between nanofibers through coaxial electrospinning technology. Interestingly, the hydrophilic SAPs surrounding by hydrophobic nanofibers form a heterogeneously wettable structure which is like to the structure of desert beetle backs. The unique structure could adjust the surface tension components of the membrane, leading to faster permeance of oil droplets. Moreover, as a superabsorbent resin, SAPs could absorb the nano-sized water droplets in the water-in-oil emulsion, thereby increasing the separation efficiency of the membrane. For water in CH₂Cl₂ emulsions, the finely tailored nanofiber membrane completely removed water droplets larger than 63 nm, demonstrated permeance above 3.5 ×10⁴ L∙m⁻²∙h⁻¹∙bar⁻¹ with significant separation efficiency above 98.8%, and showed fantastic stability in organic solvent, exhibiting strong promise in oil refining.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100033,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Membranes","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143488711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of high-performance pervaporation membranes for ethanol dehydration using a layer-by-layer self-assembly method","authors":"Zhenhan Sun ,&nbsp;Guoke Zhao ,&nbsp;Gongqing Tang ,&nbsp;Zhihu Zhao ,&nbsp;Pei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.advmem.2025.100132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advmem.2025.100132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To achieve fuel-grade purity (≥99.5 ​wt%), raw bioethanol needs to be purified. Adopting pervaporation membrane for bioethanol enrichment can greatly reduce the energy consumption compared with distillation. However, this requires the membrane having a high flux and high water to ethanol selectivity as well as good stability. In this study, a layer-by-layer self-assembled composite pervaporation membrane was prepared by alternately dip-coating polyallylamine hydrochloride (PAH) and sodium alginate (SA) solutions on the surface of a polyacrylonitrile (PAN) microfiltration membrane. The membrane flux and separation performance under different feed conditions are measured independently, and the results are mutually independent. These tests are conducted as short-term experiments to evaluate the membrane's separation performance under specific feed conditions. By optimizing the concentrations of PAH and SA, best separation performance of the composite membranes was obtained with a flux of 2.02 ​kg ​m⁻² ​h⁻¹ and a water to ethanol separation factor of 10993 using a 90 ​% ethanol water solution as feed at 70 ​°C. The composite membrane showed good stability in water. When keeping all other conditions unchanged, the feed ethanol concentration is adjusted to 50 ​wt%, the membrane flux increase to 12.61 ​kg ​m⁻² ​h⁻¹, and the water concentration in the permeate reach 99.7743 ​wt%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100033,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Membranes","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143402573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vapor permeation (VP) of water (H2O)/ acetic acid (AcOH) mixtures via bis(triethoxysily)ethane (BTESE) membranes","authors":"Suhaina Mohd Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Kennedy Mawunya Hayibor ,&nbsp;Xin Yu ,&nbsp;Shigeru Miyata ,&nbsp;Kengo Mishina ,&nbsp;Feridoun Salak ,&nbsp;Toshinori Tsuru ,&nbsp;Ken-ichi Sawamura","doi":"10.1016/j.advmem.2025.100140","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advmem.2025.100140","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bis(triethoxysilyl)ethane (BTESE)-derived organosilica membranes prepared using sol-gel processing, were used in vapor permeation (VP) to dehydrate aqueous acetic acid (AcOH) solutions. It was discovered that BTESE-derived membranes had outstanding stability and great permselectivity. BTESE-derived organosilica membranes showed a H₂O/AcOH separation factor of 3000–5800 and a H₂O/AcOH permeance ratio of 3000–5800 with the permeate flux of 12–28 ​kg ​m⁻² ​h⁻¹ for H₂O/AcOH mixtures (AcOH: 50 ​wt%) under 120 ​°C and 100 kPaA. The superior durability of organosilica membranes was confirmed by long-term stability tests conducted in aqueous AcOH mixtures, which indicates that BTESE membranes maintained almost the stable flux and separation factors. A comparison with gas permeation properties indicates that the molecular sieving effect dominates the separation mechanism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100033,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Membranes","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of oxidation processes and ceramic membrane filtration for advanced water treatment: A review of foulant-membrane interactions","authors":"Bin Lin ,&nbsp;Xinyue Deng ,&nbsp;Jiahao Chen ,&nbsp;Ze-Xian Low ,&nbsp;Zhaoxiang Zhong ,&nbsp;Weihong Xing","doi":"10.1016/j.advmem.2025.100138","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advmem.2025.100138","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Membrane filtration technology emerges as a robust and efficient solution in the global effort to alleviate water scarcity, offering a reliable means to deliver clean and safe drinking water. However, its effectiveness is compromised by severe membrane fouling, particularly under conditions of high organic load and prolonged operation. Integrating oxidation processes with ceramic membrane filtration offers promising solutions to these challenges, leveraging the excellent resistance of ceramic membranes to aggressive oxidation environments. Despite this, the complex interactions between ceramic membranes and organic foulants under various oxidation processes remain inadequately understood, yet they are pivotal in fouling dynamics. This review examines the integration of oxidation processes with ceramic membrane filtration systems. We focus on the fundamental mechanisms of molecular-scale interactions between ceramic membranes and organic foulants, which are crucial for developing effective strategies to mitigate fouling. Practical applications of the integrated processes in advanced water treatment are also discussed. We first examine the mechanisms underlying the unique surface chemistry of ceramic membranes and their interactions with organic foulants. We then explore the influence of oxidation processes on these interactions and fouling behaviour. Finally, we discuss the challenges and future prospects for expanding this integrated technology to broader applications in water decontamination and reuse.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100033,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Membranes","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143610951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Size effect of porous filler in mixed matrix membranes for faster hydrogen permeation from methane-containing mixtures","authors":"Yuebing Shen ,&nbsp;Fanfan Jiang ,&nbsp;Qian Liu ,&nbsp;Zhiquan Chen ,&nbsp;Kai Ge ,&nbsp;Junfeng Bai ,&nbsp;Jingui Duan","doi":"10.1016/j.advmem.2025.100136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advmem.2025.100136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One potential solution for the transport of hydrogen (H₂) is the injection of hydrogen into natural gas pipelines. Therefore, it is imperative to develop an efficient purification technology. Membrane separation has great potential to meet this challenge due to its effective energy consumption and cost. Here, a series of mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) containing ZIF-71 fillers of different sizes are reported for faster H₂ permeation. The uniform distribution of nanosized ZIF-71 (0.1 ​μm) in 6FDA-DAM provides an attractive diffusion channel, allowing the membrane to show rapid H₂ permeation of 1050 Barrer and good H₂/CH₄ separation factor of 43. This performance is markedly superior to that of the larger-sized ZIF-71 (1.0 ​μm and 3.5 ​μm) in 6FDA-DAM and the same-sized ZIF-71 (0.1 ​μm) in 6FDA-Durene and PEI, and also exceeds the upper bound. Moreover, the long-term stable H₂/CH₄ separation suggests a high potential for practical applications. The findings here demonstrate the importance of the filler size, which has a strong influence on the formation of mass transfer channels, and also provide straightforward method for the development of high-performance MMMs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100033,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Membranes","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143488712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robust positively charged polyurea nanofiltration membranes with acid resistance for efficient lithium extraction and recovery","authors":"Qin Shen ,&nbsp;Mengmeng Fang ,&nbsp;Wenshuo Cui ,&nbsp;Chuanjie Fang ,&nbsp;Zhikan Yao ,&nbsp;Liping Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.advmem.2025.100134","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advmem.2025.100134","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Given the growing demand for lithium in energy storage and electric vehicle industries, the development of acid-resistant membranes for efficient lithium extraction from brine and recycling of spent lithium-ion batteries is crucial for advancing sustainable and scalable resource recovery technologies. Herein, a strong acid-tolerant and positively charged polyurea (PU) nanofiltration (NF) membrane was fabricated via the interfacial polymerization of toluene-2, 4-diisocyanate (TDI) monomers with poly(allylamine) (PAA) monomers with a polyethersulfone ultrafiltration membrane as the substrate. The newly-developed typical PU NF membrane performed high cation-cation separation selectivity (mixed-salt separation factor: 16.6 for Li⁺/Mg²⁺, 19.3 for Li⁺/Ni²⁺, 11.3 for Li⁺/Co²⁺, and 15.7 for Li⁺/Mn²⁺) even if exposed to 10 ​wt% H₂SO₄ solution for 96 ​h. The high cation separation accuracy is attributed to the narrow positively-charged ion sieving channels constructed with TDI and PAA as building blocks. The urea units containing abundant bidentate hydrogen bonds and electron-rich dinitrogen atoms is responsible for the excellent acid tolerance of the PU membranes. This work has the potential to contribute to more sustainable and cost-effective lithium recovery from both brine and discarded cathode materials, making it a crucial step toward scaling up these technologies for industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100033,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Membranes","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143422083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}