IF 3.2 2区数学

Chaos Pub Date : 2026-03-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0310925

Junlong Zhu, Ziyang Jin, Xueyu Meng, Zhiyong Yin, Ning Wang

{"title":"Dynamics of infectious disease transmission in heterogeneous networks considering population interaction mechanism.","authors":"Junlong Zhu, Ziyang Jin, Xueyu Meng, Zhiyong Yin, Ning Wang","doi":"10.1063/5.0310925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0310925","url":null,"abstract":"In public health emergencies, infectious disease transmission often varies significantly across populations. To investigate population heterogeneity and interaction mechanisms in cross-population transmission dynamics, we develop a community-based SIR (susceptible-infectious-removed) compartmental model applicable to multiple populations. This model is grounded in a heterogeneous network that incorporates both intra-population structural differences and inter-population coupling. Considering the structural characteristics and interactions between the service-providing and the served populations, we introduce multidimensional parameters, including contact preferences, different transmission rates, and recovery rates. The basic reproduction number is obtained analytically through the next-generation matrix method, with the stability of disease-free and endemic equilibria rigorously proved. Agent-based simulations and multi-scenario experiments are conducted to examine how network structure, coupling strength, and population migration mechanisms shape transmission dynamics. Finally, early-stage COVID-19 epidemic data from Hubei Province are used for parameter fitting, and the fitted parameters are employed to validate the Monte Carlo and Mean-field models, demonstrating the high accuracy of the model. This study shows that the coupling of the service population significantly accelerates epidemic transmission. Furthermore, population migration is identified as a transmission accelerator that exhibits a non-monotonic impact on the steady-state infection scale. However, under resource-constrained conditions, prioritizing the improvement of the recovery rate of small-scale service populations can indirectly reduce the final epidemic size in large-scale community populations. This study offers quantitative guidance for designing targeted interventions under multidimensional heterogeneity.","PeriodicalId":9974,"journal":{"name":"Chaos","volume":"36 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147376128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Robust computation of higher-dimensional invariant tori from individual trajectories. 基于单个轨迹的高维不变环面鲁棒计算。

IF 3.2 2区数学

Chaos Pub Date : 2026-03-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0310396

Maximilian Ruth, Jackson Kulik, Joshua Burby

引用次数: 0

Matrix logistic map: Fractal spectral distributions and transfer of chaos. 矩阵逻辑映射：分形谱分布与混沌传递。

IF 3.2 2区数学

Chaos Pub Date : 2026-03-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0298024

Łukasz Pawela, Karol Życzkowski

引用次数: 0

Flow-aware ellipsoidal filtration for persistent homology of recurrent signals. 循环信号持续同源的流感知椭球滤波。

IF 3.2 2区数学

Chaos Pub Date : 2026-03-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0317749

O B Eryilmaz, C Katar, M A Little

{"title":"Flow-aware ellipsoidal filtration for persistent homology of recurrent signals.","authors":"O B Eryilmaz, C Katar, M A Little","doi":"10.1063/5.0317749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0317749","url":null,"abstract":"Recurrent signals give rise to trajectories that repeatedly return close to earlier states in state space. Many analysis methods, therefore, require a principled notion of similarity between states. In practice, a recurrence threshold sets the scale of the neighborhood used to define when two states are considered close. Close returns can also support topology-preserving denoising in state space, aiming to reduce noise while preserving the trajectory's structure, which classical denoising methods may distort. The effectiveness of both denoising and recurrence analysis, therefore, depends critically on how these neighborhoods are modeled and scaled. This work introduces a flow-aware ellipsoidal filtration for persistent homology based on a spatio-temporal covariance construction that estimates local flow geometry from both temporal and spatial neighbors. Unlike isotropic constructions based on balls (e.g. the Vietoris-Rips filtration), the proposed method assigns an ellipsoid to each point, with orientation and axis lengths determined by local flow variances. When a dominant H1 feature reflects the recurrent loop structure, its persistence interval provides a data-driven scale selection. Across the considered experiments, flow-aware ellipsoidal neighborhoods improve topology-preserving denoising and first-recurrence-time estimation relative to the Vietoris-Rips filtration. Overall, the results indicate that persistent homology can be more informative for dynamical systems when domain knowledge is used to incorporate anisotropy.","PeriodicalId":9974,"journal":{"name":"Chaos","volume":"36 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147497688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Minimality and convexity of pullback measure attractors for fractional FitzHugh-Nagumo equations with superlinear noise. 具有超线性噪声的分数阶FitzHugh-Nagumo方程的拉回测量吸引子的极小性和凸性。

IF 3.2 2区数学

Chaos Pub Date : 2026-03-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0301225

Yangrong Li, Xiaowen Tang, Chunhao Qiao

引用次数: 0

Machine learning additive corrections in a gray-box model for air temperature in the Southwest Amazon rainforest: Dry and wet season analysis. 西南亚马逊雨林气温灰盒模型中的机器学习加性修正：干湿季节分析。

IF 3.2 2区数学

Chaos Pub Date : 2026-03-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0303533

Ian Maxime Cordeiro Barros da Silva, Sérgio Roberto de Paulo, Daniela de Oliveira Maionchi, Yannick De Decker

{"title":"Machine learning additive corrections in a gray-box model for air temperature in the Southwest Amazon rainforest: Dry and wet season analysis.","authors":"Ian Maxime Cordeiro Barros da Silva, Sérgio Roberto de Paulo, Daniela de Oliveira Maionchi, Yannick De Decker","doi":"10.1063/5.0303533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0303533","url":null,"abstract":"This study develops an integrative modeling approach combining gray-box modeling and machine learning (ML) to predict micrometeorological dynamics in the Amazon rainforest, specifically at the Jaru Biological Reserve in Rondônia, Brazil. A physics-based \"dry model,\" describing temperature dynamics primarily through radiative forcing and cooling processes, provides a baseline subsequently corrected by ML-derived additive terms. A fully connected neural network with 641 parameters successfully learned nonlinear corrections, significantly reducing prediction errors by over 60% in the dry season and by approximately 55.5% in the wet season. To ensure model reliability, we employed bootstrap ensemble modeling with 100 trained networks to quantify prediction uncertainty, revealing well-calibrated confidence intervals for the dry season (94.2% empirical coverage for nominal 90% intervals) but systematic biases during the wet season (mean bias: 2.08 K), highlighting fundamental limitations when key moisture-related processes are omitted from the physics-based framework. Systematic comparison with Gaussian process regression and polynomial approximations validated our uncertainty quantification approach while demonstrating that the neural network bootstrap ensemble provides superior robustness across diverse seasonal conditions. To enhance interpretability, neural corrections were approximated using symbolic (polynomial) regression, revealing dominant nonlinear temperature-radiation interactions in both dry and wet conditions. Our findings demonstrate marked seasonal contrasts in radiative forcing, atmospheric clarity, and cooling efficiency, underscoring the need for seasonally tailored modeling strategies. This combined physics-informed and data-driven methodology offers reliable and interpretable models essential for managing environmental impacts amid increasing anthropogenic and climatic pressures on the Amazon.","PeriodicalId":9974,"journal":{"name":"Chaos","volume":"36 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147467165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Floquet breathers in a modulated nonlinear lattice. 调制非线性晶格中的Floquet呼吸子。

IF 3.2 2区数学

Chaos Pub Date : 2026-03-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0312340

Masayuki Kimura, Juan F R Archilla, Yusuke Doi, Víctor J Sánchez-Morcillo

{"title":"Floquet breathers in a modulated nonlinear lattice.","authors":"Masayuki Kimura, Juan F R Archilla, Yusuke Doi, Víctor J Sánchez-Morcillo","doi":"10.1063/5.0312340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0312340","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we study a space-time-modulated electro-mechanical system, consisting of an array of coupled cantilevers with their on-site potential provided by electromagnets driven by AC currents. Model equations are derived, and the effect of the modulation on the dispersion bands is examined. The theory of breather existence and stability is extended to include space-time modulation. We perform numerical simulations in a time-modulated system, showing three types of breather response depending on the driving frequency: (i) the modulation frequency is an integer multiple of the breather frequency or, in other words, this phenomenon corresponds to period doubling, tripling, etc.; (ii) the opposite, that is, the breather frequency is an integer multiple of the modulation frequency, corresponding to period-halving, etc.; (iii) the breather and modulation frequencies are commensurate in a different form. We use for all of them the term Floquet breathers in analogy with Floquet solitons in photonic systems. As there is no dissipation, but periodic forcing, the energy is generally conserved but only at discrete times. There exists in this system a huge variety of breathers, site-centered, symmetric and antisymmetric, bond centered, and in-phase or in-quadrature with the modulation, and we analyze the evolution of stability of some of them as a function of the modulation frequency. The construction of a similar system would be of interest to study the properties of dynamic metamaterials.","PeriodicalId":9974,"journal":{"name":"Chaos","volume":"36 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147580709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cusp solitons mediated by a topological nonlinearity. 拓扑非线性介导的尖孤子。

IF 3.2 2区数学

Chaos Pub Date : 2026-03-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0303577

Harvey Cao, Daniel Leykam

引用次数: 0

The impact of dynamic compensation on coupled socio-ecological public goods game. 动态补偿对社会生态耦合公共物品博弈的影响。

IF 3.2 2区数学

Chaos Pub Date : 2026-03-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0322747

Liyan Gao

{"title":"The impact of dynamic compensation on coupled socio-ecological public goods game.","authors":"Liyan Gao","doi":"10.1063/5.0322747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0322747","url":null,"abstract":"Regarding the issue of protecting ecological resources, this paper establishes a coupled socio-ecological public goods game model to study the impact of dynamic compensation on individual behavior choices and resource evolution. When the compensation intensity is constant, it is found that there is an optimal compensation intensity under different enhancement factors, and the optimal value is negatively correlated with the enhancement factor. The results of the dynamic changes in the compensation intensity indicate that the system has two evolutionary processes: convergence to a stable value and periodic oscillation. Within the steady-state parameter range, a relatively small or large initial compensation intensity can lead the system to a highly vulnerable evolutionary path. Conversely, if sufficient compensation is provided to cooperators at the initial stage, the system will rapidly converge to the stable state of full cooperation. When the initial compensation intensity is moderate, cooperators and defectors coexist. Meanwhile, the greater the enhancement-degradation ratio for compensation intensity, the higher the level of cooperation. In addition, it tends to trigger more significant but slower fluctuations when the response speed of the compensation intensity to the group behavior is relatively slow, whereas a faster response speed leads to higher-frequency fluctuations. Within the parameter range where the system exhibits periodic oscillation, increasing the enhancement-degradation ratio for compensation intensity or the response speed of compensation intensity to group behavior will amplify the amplitude of the system, which is not conducive to the stability of the socio-ecological system.","PeriodicalId":9974,"journal":{"name":"Chaos","volume":"36 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147389490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Coevolutionary dynamics of cooperation and zero-trust institutional enforcement in Prisoner's Dilemma games. 囚徒困境博弈中合作与零信任制度执行的共同进化动力学。

IF 3.2 2区数学

Chaos Pub Date : 2026-03-01 DOI: 10.1063/5.0324288

Shengxian Wang, Chengyu Yin, Darong Huang, Xiaojie Chen

{"title":"Coevolutionary dynamics of cooperation and zero-trust institutional enforcement in Prisoner's Dilemma games.","authors":"Shengxian Wang, Chengyu Yin, Darong Huang, Xiaojie Chen","doi":"10.1063/5.0324288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0324288","url":null,"abstract":"Institutional punishment is widely used to promote cooperation, yet most existing studies assume that institutions can perfectly identify individual strategies. Under this idealized assumption, cooperators are typically trusted and exempt from monitoring, while sanctions are imposed exclusively on known defectors, thereby neglecting the informational imperfections inherent in real-world governance. To address these limitations, we adopt the zero-trust principle of \"never trust, always verify\" and develop a zero-trust institutional framework, in which all individuals are subject to uniform monitoring, and sanctions are applied only upon the actual detection of defection. Given that institutional enforcement intensity in practice is rarely static, we further introduce enforcement intensity as an endogenous variable into the Prisoner's Dilemma game and construct a coevolutionary model in which the enforcement intensity and population state are mutually coupled through a closed feedback loop; that is, higher cooperation levels drive the growth of enforcement, while prevalence of defection leads to institutional relaxation. Under fixed and adaptive enforcement intensities, our theoretical and numerical results reveal distinct evolutionary outcomes characterized by different stable equilibria. Finally, by devising the institutional cost functions, we demonstrate that under fixed enforcement, zero-trust punishment outperforms non-zero-trust one in terms of long-run cost-efficiency at intermediate levels of enforcement. Under adaptive zero-trust enforcement, increasing enforcement responsiveness to population state reduces long-run costs when enforcement itself is relatively inexpensive, albeit with diminishing marginal returns, whereas excessive responsiveness increases overall governance costs when enforcement is expensive.","PeriodicalId":9974,"journal":{"name":"Chaos","volume":"36 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147497565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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