Kun Miao, Meng Meng, Liangjing Liu, Meiyu Li, Yuanyuan Bai, Ying Guo, Guohui Zhang, Jiming Kong, Jiao Mu
{"title":"Metabolic Symbiosis and Vulnerability in the CNS Axon-Myelin Unit.","authors":"Kun Miao, Meng Meng, Liangjing Liu, Meiyu Li, Yuanyuan Bai, Ying Guo, Guohui Zhang, Jiming Kong, Jiao Mu","doi":"10.1007/s10571-026-01729-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10571-026-01729-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Axonal degeneration and demyelination are common pathological phenotypes in central nervous system (CNS) injury and degenerative diseases. Axonal and myelin diseases have generally been considered distinct phenomena, although our knowledge of why the axon-myelin unit (AMU), as a highly interconnected structure, serves as a common point of vulnerability to damage remains inadequate. In this review, we first reaffirm that the tight biological interconnections between axons and myelin should be recognized as a \"symbiotic\" unit across development, metabolism, and disease progression. Second, we systematically delineate the fundamental structural architecture and metabolic coupling of AMU. Third, we analyze how the impairment of one component of AMU influences the survival and functional integrity of others. In conclusion, we present a unique conceptual framework indicating that therapeutic methods targeting bioenergetic support in the CNS should concentrate on the energy coupling pathways and damage-crossover mechanisms of the AMU.</p>","PeriodicalId":9742,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147662277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdullah Hamadi, Rashid Mir, Osama M Al-Amer, Mohammed Alasseiri, Mamdoh S Moawadh, Jameel Barnawi, Mohammad A Alanazi, Atif Abdulwahab A Oyouni, Abeer Al-Tuwaijri, Fawzyah Obeedallah Albaldi, Hassan A Madkhali
{"title":"Exploring the Association of Genetic Determinants of SIRT1, MTHFR, and MIR146A Gene Polymorphism with the Ischemic Stroke Predisposition: A Case Control Study.","authors":"Abdullah Hamadi, Rashid Mir, Osama M Al-Amer, Mohammed Alasseiri, Mamdoh S Moawadh, Jameel Barnawi, Mohammad A Alanazi, Atif Abdulwahab A Oyouni, Abeer Al-Tuwaijri, Fawzyah Obeedallah Albaldi, Hassan A Madkhali","doi":"10.1007/s10571-026-01688-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10571-026-01688-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9742,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147644236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhi-Hong Zhao, Xue-Ling Yang, Zi-Wei Lu, Tao Li, Li-Li Zhao, Ye Li, Mei-Juan Dang, Gui-Lian Zhang, Kun Chen, Hong Fan
{"title":"Correction: Mitochondrial Transplantation Therapy for Ischemic Stroke: Progress and Challenges.","authors":"Zhi-Hong Zhao, Xue-Ling Yang, Zi-Wei Lu, Tao Li, Li-Li Zhao, Ye Li, Mei-Juan Dang, Gui-Lian Zhang, Kun Chen, Hong Fan","doi":"10.1007/s10571-026-01721-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10571-026-01721-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9742,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13053707/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147621920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Omnya A Sharallah, Vishnu Malakar, Ahmed E Salama, Salma M Elmaaz, Salma A Daba, Nitesh Kumar Poddar
{"title":"Narrative Review \"Dual Frontiers in Neurodegeneration: Pharmacological Synergies and Divergences in Parkinson's Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus\".","authors":"Omnya A Sharallah, Vishnu Malakar, Ahmed E Salama, Salma M Elmaaz, Salma A Daba, Nitesh Kumar Poddar","doi":"10.1007/s10571-026-01702-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10571-026-01702-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9742,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147608178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Susmita Sil, Xiaoqing Du, Samia Akter, Mohit Kumar, Davina B Oludipe, Arnab Saha, Guoku Hu, Katie R Ostlund, Gleb R Haynatzki, Pamela Santamaria, R Lee Mosley, Howard E Gendelman
{"title":"A Hypothesis-Generating Pharmacologic Profile for Sargramostim Treatment of Parkinson's Disease.","authors":"Susmita Sil, Xiaoqing Du, Samia Akter, Mohit Kumar, Davina B Oludipe, Arnab Saha, Guoku Hu, Katie R Ostlund, Gleb R Haynatzki, Pamela Santamaria, R Lee Mosley, Howard E Gendelman","doi":"10.1007/s10571-026-01717-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10571-026-01717-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9742,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147590252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Epigenetic Mechanisms Regulating Ferroptosis in Ischemic Stroke: From Pathogenesis to Therapeutic Targets.","authors":"Jiale Gan, Xinyi Yang, Jianan Wu, Ziyan Cai, Xianglong Zhai, Yang Wu, Wenlei Li, Minghua Wu","doi":"10.1007/s10571-026-01718-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10571-026-01718-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ischemic stroke (IS) remains a leading cause of death and disability worldwide; however, effective neuroprotective therapies are lacking. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death driven by lipid peroxidation, has emerged as a key contributor to neuronal injury following cerebral ischemia. Epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and microRNA (miRNA) regulation, critically modulate ferroptosis-related gene expression. This review systematically examines how epigenetic modifications regulate ferroptosis in IS by influencing iron homeostasis, antioxidant defense systems, and lipid metabolism. We highlighted key regulatory axes, such as DNMT-mediated GPX4 and PINK1 methylation, HDAC-regulated iron uptake and antioxidant defense, ubiquitination-dependent SLC7A11 and ACSL4 regulation, and miRNA/ferroptosis-related targets. Furthermore, we discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting these epigenetic-ferroptosis interactions for IS treatment. Understanding these mechanistic links may facilitate the development of novel epigenetic-based strategies to inhibit ferroptosis and improve the outcomes of patients with IS.</p>","PeriodicalId":9742,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13062076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147509720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zixiang Deng, Huijie Zhang, Xiaoyu Li, Yongbin Feng, Yang Liu, Hanfei Shang, Ming Li, Xiaoyi Zhou, Xianzhao Wei
{"title":"Research Progress on Spinal Cord Repair Based on Regulation of the Neuroregenerative Microenvironment.","authors":"Zixiang Deng, Huijie Zhang, Xiaoyu Li, Yongbin Feng, Yang Liu, Hanfei Shang, Ming Li, Xiaoyi Zhou, Xianzhao Wei","doi":"10.1007/s10571-026-01711-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10571-026-01711-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9742,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13087011/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147509965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recent Advances in the Non-viral Delivery of Genes to Central Nervous System Disorders.","authors":"Hany E Marei","doi":"10.1007/s10571-026-01703-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10571-026-01703-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Disorders of the central nervous system (CNS), neurological disorders, neurodegenerative disorders, genetic disorders) constitute a significant burden on global health, and current treatment options remain challenging. As treatment for CNS disorders is primarily palliative, the underlying causes of disease progression are not addressed through conventional pharmacologic therapies. Gene therapy has the potential to address these root causes of disease progression; however, many of the vectors used in gene therapy (e.g., adeno-associated viruses (AAVs)) have limitations such as immunogenicity, low cargo capacity, and crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB). These limitations have led to significant progress in the development of non-viral gene delivery systems. Compared with viral vectors, non-viral platforms offer improved safety profiles, greater design flexibility, lower production costs, and superior suitability for repeated administration. This review reports recent advancements in the development of non-viral platforms for CNS gene delivery and focuses on lipid-based nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, exosome-based techniques, and new hybrid technologies. Particular emphasis is placed on nanoparticle modification approaches to enhance BBB penetration and enable delivery of genome-editing technologies (CRISPR/Cas systems). The review provides explanations of clinical trials, regulatory considerations, and manufacturing issues that result from the recent developments noted above. It also explores the emerging role of artificial intelligence in supporting carrier design and enhancing delivery efficiency. Both artificial intelligence and non-viral platforms have the potential to facilitate the advancement of safe, effective, and repeatably administered gene therapies for patients with CNS disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":9742,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13049138/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147493340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniela A Ayala, Grace M Hall, Debanjana Das, Eliana Tijerina, Luisa Lopez Villagran, Zaid Khan, Devanshi Paliwal, Anu Anand, Mendell Rimer, Rahul Srinivasan
{"title":"Mitochondrial DNA Damage in Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta Astrocytes Exacerbates Dopaminergic Neuron Loss in a 6-Hydroxydopamine Mouse Model of Parkinsonism.","authors":"Daniela A Ayala, Grace M Hall, Debanjana Das, Eliana Tijerina, Luisa Lopez Villagran, Zaid Khan, Devanshi Paliwal, Anu Anand, Mendell Rimer, Rahul Srinivasan","doi":"10.1007/s10571-026-01713-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10571-026-01713-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9742,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13043981/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147484817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yaxin Shang, Binglin Kuang, Jia Zheng, Yunpeng Du, Tong Shang, Baochun Luo, Yue Sun, Lei Zheng, Baiwen Zhang, Li Liu, Wei Zou
{"title":"The Interaction of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and Complement in Intracerebral Hemorrhage.","authors":"Yaxin Shang, Binglin Kuang, Jia Zheng, Yunpeng Du, Tong Shang, Baochun Luo, Yue Sun, Lei Zheng, Baiwen Zhang, Li Liu, Wei Zou","doi":"10.1007/s10571-026-01675-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10571-026-01675-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a prevalent cerebrovascular disease, which is an important cause of death and disability. Accumulating evidence indicates that the neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) and complement cascade play an important role in the injury after ICH. Neutrophils, the first leukocyte subset recruited to the cerebral parenchyma following ICH, exacerbate cerebral tissue damage via the release of NETs. As a core component of the innate immune system, the complement system aggravates cerebral edema and pathological injury after ICH through a variety of complex pathological processes. Some complement molecules, such as C5a, C3a, and C1q, are associated with increased neutrophil recruitment and NETs release. Therefore, this review summarized the formation of NETs and activation of complement, the role of NETs and complement in ICH, the interaction between NETs and complement, and related treatment methods, providing new therapeutic strategies for clinical treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9742,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13038820/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147484807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}