Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology最新文献

{"title":"Metformin Mitigates Trimethyltin-Induced Cognition Impairment and Hippocampal Neurodegeneration.","authors":"Mahdieh Taheri, Mehrdad Roghani, Reza Sedaghat","doi":"10.1007/s10571-024-01502-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10571-024-01502-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The neurotoxicant trimethyltin (TMT) triggers cognitive impairment and hippocampal neurodegeneration. TMT is a useful research tool for the study of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis and treatment. Although the antidiabetic agent metformin has shown promising neuroprotective effects, however, its precise modes of action in neurodegenerative disorders need to be further elucidated. In this study, we investigated whether metformin can mitigate TMT cognition impairment and hippocampal neurodegeneration. To induce an AD-like phenotype, TMT was injected i.p. (8 mg/kg) and metformin was administered daily p.o. for 3 weeks at 200 mg/kg. Our results showed that metformin administration to the TMT group mitigated learning and memory impairment in Barnes maze, novel object recognition (NOR) task, and Y maze, attenuated hippocampal oxidative, inflammatory, and cell death/pyroptotic factors, and also reversed neurodegeneration-related proteins such as presenilin 1 and p-Tau. Hippocampal level of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) as a key regulator of energy homeostasis was also improved following metformin treatment. Additionally, metformin reduced hippocampal acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-positive reactivity, and prevented the loss of CA1 pyramidal neurons. This study showed that metformin mitigated TMT-induced neurodegeneration and this may pave the way to develop new therapeutics to combat against cognitive deficits under neurotoxic conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9742,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology","volume":"44 1","pages":"70"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11499442/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142495904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can Environmental Enrichment Modulate Epigenetic Processes in the Central Nervous System Under Adverse Environmental Conditions? A Systematic Review.","authors":"Matheus Santos de Sousa Fernandes, Moara Rodrigues Costa, Georgian Badicu, Fatma Hilal Yagin, Gabriela Carvalho Jurema Santos, Jonathan Manoel da Costa, Raphael Fabrício de Souza, Claudia Jacques Lagranha, Luca Paolo Ardigò, Fabrício Oliveira Souto","doi":"10.1007/s10571-024-01506-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10571-024-01506-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this paper is to summarize the available evidence in the literature regarding the effects generated by exposure to an enriched environment (EE) on the modulation of epigenetic processes in the central nervous system under adverse environmental conditions. Searches were conducted in three databases: PubMed/Medline (1053 articles), Scopus (121 articles), and Embase (52 articles), which were subjected to eligibility criteria. Of the 1226 articles found, 173 duplicates were removed. After evaluating titles/abstracts, 904 studies were excluded, resulting in 49 articles, of which 14 were included in this systematic review. EE was performed using different inanimate objects. Adverse environmental conditions included CUMS, sepsis, nicotine exposure, PCP exposure, early stress, WAS, high fructose intake, TBI, and sevoflurane exposure. Regarding microRNA expression, after exposure to EE, an increase in the expression of miR-221 and miR-483 was observed in the prefrontal cortex, and a reduction in the expression of miR-92a-3p and miR-134 in the hippocampus. Regarding histone modifications, in the hippocampus, there was a reduction of HAT, HDAC/HDAC4, H3 (acetyl K14), H4 (acetyl K15), H3K4me3, K3k27me3, and HDAC2/3/5. In the cortex, there was a reduction of HDAC2, and in the prefrontal cortex, there was an increase in acetylated H3. Regarding DNA modifications, there was a reduction of DNMT in the hippocampus. This systematic review concludes that the benefits of EE on the brain and behavior of animals are directly related to different epigenetic mechanisms, reflecting in cell growth and neuroplasticity. EE may be a non-pharmacological and easy-to-apply alternative to prevent symptoms in disorders affecting brain tissue.</p>","PeriodicalId":9742,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology","volume":"44 1","pages":"69"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11493835/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142459052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Viruses and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Neurodegeneration and Cognition: An Evolutionary Perspective.","authors":"George B Stefano, Simon Weissenberger, Radek Ptacek, Martin Anders, Jiri Raboch, Pascal Büttiker","doi":"10.1007/s10571-024-01503-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10571-024-01503-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mitochondria, the cellular powerhouses with bacterial evolutionary origins, play a pivotal role in maintaining neuronal function and cognitive health. Several viruses have developed sophisticated mechanisms to target and disrupt mitochondrial function which contribute to cognitive decline and neurodegeneration. The interplay between viruses and mitochondria might be traced to their co-evolutionary history with bacteria and may reflect ancient interactions that have shaped modern mitochondrial biology.</p>","PeriodicalId":9742,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology","volume":"44 1","pages":"68"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11486811/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142459055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Insights on Caloric Restriction Mimetics for Mitigating Brain Aging and Related Neurodegeneration.","authors":"Anchal Trisal, Abhishek Kumar Singh","doi":"10.1007/s10571-024-01493-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10571-024-01493-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aging, an inevitable physiological process leading to a progressive decline in bodily functions, has been an abundantly researched domain with studies attempting to slow it down and reduce its debilitating effects. Investigations into the cellular and molecular pathways associated with aging have allowed the formulation of therapeutic strategies. Of these, caloric restriction (CR) has been implicated for its role in promoting healthy aging by modulating key molecular targets like Insulin/IGF-1, mTOR, and sirtuins. However, CR requires dedication and commitment to a strict regimen which poses a difficulty in maintaining consistency. To maneuver around cumbersome diets, Caloric Restriction Mimetics (CRMs) have emerged as promising alternatives by mimicking the beneficial effects of CR. This review elucidates the molecular foundations enabling CRMs like rapamycin, metformin, resveratrol, spermidine, and many more to function as suitable anti-aging molecules. Moreover, it explores clinical trials (retrieved from the clinicaltrials.gov database) aimed at demonstrating the efficacy of CRMs as effective candidates against age-related neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":9742,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology","volume":"44 1","pages":"67"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11485046/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142459053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Upregulation of Glutamatergic Receptors in Hippocampus and Locomotor Hyperactivity in Aged Spontaneous Hypertensive Rat.","authors":"Patrick Szu-Ying Yen, Yen-Chin Liu, Chun-Hsien Chu, Shiou-Lan Chen","doi":"10.1007/s10571-024-01498-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10571-024-01498-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9742,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology","volume":"44 1","pages":"66"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142459054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements in Single-Cell RNA Sequencing and Spatial Transcriptomics for Central Nervous System Disease.","authors":"Yuan Zhang, Teng Li, Guangtian Wang, Yabin Ma","doi":"10.1007/s10571-024-01499-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10571-024-01499-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The incidence of central nervous system (CNS) disease has persistently increased over the last several years. There is an urgent need for effective methods to improve the cure rates of CNS disease. However, the precise molecular basis underlying the development and progression of major CNS diseases remains elusive. A complete molecular map will contribute to research on CNS disease treatment strategies. Emerging technologies such as single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and Spatial Transcriptomics (ST) are potent tools for exploring the molecular complexity, cell heterogeneity, and functional specificity of CNS disease. scRNA-seq and ST can provide insights into the disease at cellular and spatial transcription levels. This review presents a survey of scRNA-seq and ST studies on CNS diseases, such as chronic neurodegenerative diseases, acute CNS injuries, and others. These studies offer novel perspectives in treating and diagnosing CNS diseases by discovering new cell types or subtypes associated with the disease, proposing new pathophysiological mechanisms, uncovering novel therapeutic targets, and identifying putative biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":9742,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology","volume":"44 1","pages":"65"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11467076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142459051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut-Brain Axis and Neuroinflammation: The Role of Gut Permeability and the Kynurenine Pathway in Neurological Disorders.","authors":"Rowan Kearns","doi":"10.1007/s10571-024-01496-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10571-024-01496-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing prevalence of neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and multiple sclerosis presents a significant global health challenge. Despite extensive research, the precise mechanisms underlying these conditions remain elusive, with current treatments primarily addressing symptoms rather than root causes. Emerging evidence suggests that gut permeability and the kynurenine pathway are involved in the pathogenesis of these neurological conditions, offering promising targets for novel therapeutic and preventive strategies. Gut permeability refers to the intestinal lining's ability to selectively allow essential nutrients into the bloodstream while blocking harmful substances. Various factors, including poor diet, stress, infections, and genetic predispositions, can compromise gut integrity, leading to increased permeability. This condition facilitates the translocation of toxins and bacteria into systemic circulation, triggering widespread inflammation that impacts neurological health via the gut-brain axis. The gut-brain axis (GBA) is a complex communication network between the gut and the central nervous system. Dysbiosis, an imbalance in the gut microbiota, can increase gut permeability and systemic inflammation, exacerbating neuroinflammation-a key factor in neurological disorders. The kynurenine pathway, the primary route for tryptophan metabolism, is significantly implicated in this process. Dysregulation of the kynurenine pathway in the context of inflammation leads to the production of neurotoxic metabolites, such as quinolinic acid, which contribute to neuronal damage and the progression of neurological disorders. This narrative review highlights the potential and progress in understanding these mechanisms. Interventions targeting the kynurenine pathway and maintaining a balanced gut microbiota through diet, probiotics, and lifestyle modifications show promise in reducing neuroinflammation and supporting brain health. In addition, pharmacological approaches aimed at modulating the kynurenine pathway directly, such as inhibitors of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, offer potential avenues for new treatments. Understanding and targeting these interconnected pathways are crucial for developing effective strategies to prevent and manage neurological disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":9742,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology","volume":"44 1","pages":"64"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11461658/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142388375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Proteomic and Cytokine Profiling in Plasma from Patients with Normal-Tension Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension.","authors":"Mia Langbøl, Arevak Saruhanian, Sarkis Saruhanian, Daniel Tiedemann, Thisayini Baskaran, Rupali Vohra, Amalie Santaolalla Rives, José Moreira, Verena Prokosch, Hanhan Liu, Jan-Wilm Lackmann, Stefan Müller, Claus Henrik Nielsen, Miriam Kolko, Jens Rovelt","doi":"10.1007/s10571-024-01500-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10571-024-01500-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9742,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology","volume":"44 1","pages":"63"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11452406/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142371095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research Progress on the Effects of Different Exercise Modes on the Secretion of Exerkines After Spinal Cord Injury.","authors":"Qianxi Li, Chenyu Li, Xin Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10571-024-01497-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10571-024-01497-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exercise training is a conventional treatment strategy throughout the entire treatment process for patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). Currently, exercise modalities for SCI patients primarily include aerobic exercise, endurance training, strength training, high-intensity interval training, and mind-body exercises. These exercises play a positive role in enhancing skeletal muscle function, inducing neuroprotection and regeneration, thereby influencing neural plasticity, reducing limb spasticity, and improving motor function and daily living abilities in SCI patients. However, the mechanism by which exercise training promotes functional recovery after SCI is still unclear, and there is no consensus on a unified and standardized exercise treatment plan. Different exercise methods may bring different benefits. After SCI, patients' physical activity levels decrease significantly due to factors such as motor dysfunction, which may be a key factor affecting changes in exerkines. The changes in exerkines of SCI patients caused by exercise training are an important and highly relevant and visual evaluation index, which may provide a new research direction for revealing the intrinsic mechanism by which exercise promotes functional recovery after SCI. Therefore, this article summarizes the changes in the expression of common exerkines (neurotrophic factors, inflammatory factors, myokines, bioactive peptides) after SCI, and intends to analyze the impact and role of different exercise methods on functional recovery after SCI from the perspective of exerkines mechanism. We hope to provide theoretical basis and data support for scientific exercise treatment programs after SCI.</p>","PeriodicalId":9742,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology","volume":"44 1","pages":"62"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11445308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142342416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Upregulation of miR-107 Inhibits Glioma Angiogenesis and VEGF Expression","authors":"Lei Chen, Zong-yang Li, Sui-yi Xu, Xie-jun Zhang, Yuan Zhang, Kun Luo, Wei-ping Li","doi":"10.1007/s10571-024-01495-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10571-024-01495-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9742,"journal":{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142265665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}