Case Reports in Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Robotic Assisted-Intravitreous Light Pipe Illumination for Cataract Surgery in Eyes with Corneal Opacity: Case Reports.","authors":"Masahiro Yamaguchi, Yuta Umemoto, Kenta Ashikaga, Shintaro Nakao","doi":"10.1159/000553027","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000553027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In cataract surgery for eyes with corneal opacity, reduced intraoperative visibility remains a major surgical challenge. To enhance intraoperative visualization, OQrimo, a robotic medical device approved in Japan, was used to hold a light guide. Outcomes of 3 eyes from 2 cases are reported.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>Case 1: A 48-year-old man developed bilateral corneal opacity from graft-versus-host disease following umbilical cord blood transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia. At age 45, he underwent penetrating keratoplasty in the right eye but declined surgery in the left eye. Bilateral cataract surgery under general anesthesia was performed. Due to poor visibility under the surgical microscope in both eyes, a 25-gauge light pipe was inserted into the vitreous cavity and stabilized using OQrimo, thereby improving intraoperative visibility and enabling successful cataract surgery in both eyes. Case 2: A 74-year-old man had previously undergone pterygium excision with conjunctival autograft transplantation for a lesion involving the pupillary area of the left eye. Residual central corneal opacity remained, and cataract surgery was performed 6 months later. Due to poor microscopic visibility, a 25-gauge light pipe was inserted into the vitreous cavity and held using OQrimo. While visualization improved, the weight of the OQrimo arm caused ocular deviation, preventing stable positioning and necessitating its discontinuation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>OQrimo effectively enhanced intraoperative visibility in cataract surgery for eyes with corneal opacity, although stable positioning was occasionally challenging.</p>","PeriodicalId":9635,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Ophthalmology","volume":"17 1","pages":"755-763"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13423328/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148629684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilateral Retinal Ischemia in a Child with Influenza A: A Case Report.","authors":"Andreas G Nilsson, Elin Gunnlaugsdottir, Hanna Maria Öhnell","doi":"10.1159/000552471","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000552471","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Influenza A can cause extrapulmonary complications, including ocular manifestations. We present a rare case of extensive bilateral retinal ischemia in a pediatric patient following influenza A infection, involving acute macular neuroretinopathy (AMN), paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM), and cotton-wool spots.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 10-year-old boy presented with bilateral blurry vision 4 days after confirmed influenza A infection. Ophthalmologic evaluation revealed best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 20/150 OD and 20/125 OS, with optical coherence tomography (OCT) demonstrating hyperreflective bands in the inner nuclear layer, outer plexiform layer, and outer nuclear layer, consistent with simultaneous AMN and PAMM. Cotton-wool spots were also present. The patient was treated with intravenous methylprednisolone, followed by oral prednisolone. BCVA improved to 20/20 in both eyes at 10 months, with complete resolution of OCT findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights the importance of early ophthalmologic assessment in children with visual symptoms following viral infections and suggests a potential role for corticosteroid treatment in severe post-viral retinal ischemia. Further studies are needed to clarify the efficacy of corticosteroids in such cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":9635,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Ophthalmology","volume":"17 1","pages":"723-727"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13412238/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148618406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-Term Outcomes of PreserFlo for Secondary Glaucoma after Combined Descemet Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty and Artificial Iris-Intraocular Lens Implantation: A Case Report.","authors":"Shmuel Kagasov, Irit Bahar, Noa Geffen, Alon Zahavi","doi":"10.1159/000552960","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000552960","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Secondary glaucoma following combined corneal transplantation and artificial iris-intraocular lens (IOL) complex implantation represents a significant therapeutic challenge. Reports of surgical management in such complex eyes remain limited. We report a case of successful PreserFlo MicroShunt implantation for the management of secondary glaucoma following combined Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) and Reper artificial iris-IOL complex implantation.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 54-year-old woman with a history of right eye corneal perforation resulting in aphakia underwent combined DSAEK and Reper artificial iris-IOL complex implantation (Reper-NN LTD, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia). Six months after surgery, she developed secondary glaucoma with intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation to 30 mm Hg despite maximal tolerated medical therapy, accompanied by optic disc cupping, retinal nerve fiber layer thinning, and corresponding visual field defects. PreserFlo MicroShunt implantation was performed. Postoperatively, IOP decreased to 6 mm Hg with a well-functioning filtering bleb, and the corneal graft remained clear throughout the 3-month follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To our knowledge, this is the first report describing PreserFlo MicroShunt implantation for secondary glaucoma following combined Reper artificial iris-IOL implantation and endothelial keratoplasty. This case highlights the potential role of PreserFlo as a surgical option for IOP control in highly complex anterior segment eyes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9635,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Ophthalmology","volume":"17 1","pages":"764-770"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13427325/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148652921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autologous Scleral Graft for Bleb Reconstruction after Early Overfiltration following Trabeculectomy: A Case Report.","authors":"Katsuhiko Yokoyama, Takaaki Otsuka, Maho Itotani, Shiho Fukui, Toshiaki Kubota, Atsunobu Takeda","doi":"10.1159/000552334","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000552334","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Early postoperative overfiltration after trabeculectomy due to scleral flap damage is a rare but serious complication, and optimal surgical management remains challenging. We report a case successfully managed with bleb reconstruction using an autologous scleral graft harvested from the same eye.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 58-year-old man with primary open-angle glaucoma underwent trabeculectomy with 0.04% mitomycin C. Partial flap loss occurred during the creation of a 4 × 4 mm superficial scleral flap. Despite placement of 6 10-0 nylon sutures, a large bleb and shallow anterior chamber developed on postoperative day (POD) 1. Conservative management with pressure patching failed, and by POD 6, marked choroidal detachment occurred with an intraocular pressure (IOP) of 3 mm Hg. Surgical revision was performed on POD 7. Because additional scleral flap sutures could not control the leakage, a 6 × 5 mm half-thickness autologous scleral graft was harvested from the superotemporal sclera and secured over the flap with 13 interrupted 10-0 nylon sutures. On POD 1 after revision surgery, IOP improved to 17 mm Hg, the anterior chamber deepened, and a functioning bleb was observed. Laser suture lysis and needling were subsequently performed to optimize filtration. At 12 months, IOP was 8 mm Hg without medication, with no graft melting or adhesion between the graft and scleral flap.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Autologous scleral grafting provided effective structural reinforcement and restored filtration control in this case of early postoperative overfiltration due to scleral flap damage. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case demonstrating the use of an autologous scleral graft for early postoperative overfiltration caused by scleral flap loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":9635,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Ophthalmology","volume":"17 1","pages":"716-722"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13412245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148618379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case Report of Isolated Hypertensive Choroidopathy in a Context of Renal Failure due to Suspected Prolonged High-Protein Diet Intake Combined with Anabolic Steroid Use.","authors":"Victor Maris, Lisa Barioulet, François-Philippe Roubelat, Noémie Bataille, Héloïse Bruzard, Pierre Fournié, Fanny Varenne, Vincent Soler","doi":"10.1159/000552088","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000552088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hypertensive chorioretinopathy develops in a context of acute blood pressure elevation associated with uncontrolled malignant hypertension as an isolated or primary manifestation of systematic disease. However, hypertensive choroidopathy without associated hypertensive retinopathy remains less frequent than manifestation of both combined.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A male in his mid-twenties presented to our emergency ophthalmology department with a 4-day history of progressive, painless bilateral visual loss. He had marked muscular hypertrophy, low body fat, and a history of poorly controlled hypertension with a previous episode of acute kidney injury. Visual acuity was 1/20 (right eye) and 2/10 (left eye). Fundus examination revealed bilateral disc edema, multiple yellowish subretinal lesions consistent with ischemic damage of the retinal pigment epithelium, and bilateral exudative retinal detachment. No definite signs of hypertensive retinopathy were detected. Macular optical coherence tomography showed severe bilateral macular edema with exudative foveal detachment. Stage 3-elevated blood pressure raised suspicion for malignant hypertension. Further evaluation revealed a new episode of acute kidney failure and a history of anabolic steroid use with excessive protein intake. Malignant hypertension was diagnosed, and emergency dialysis and antihypertensive therapy were initiated. Visual symptoms improved and exudative retinal detachments markedly resolved within 14 days, but the yellowish subretinal lesions persisted several days after blood pressure normalization. The patient currently awaits kidney transplantation for non-biopsy-proven hypertensive nephrosclerosis-related end-stage renal disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Isolated hypertensive choroidopathy could be a primary manifestation of renal failure among individuals with an abnormally high-protein diet intake in a context of anabolic steroid use.</p>","PeriodicalId":9635,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Ophthalmology","volume":"17 1","pages":"739-745"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13427031/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148652918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transient Visual Obscurations and Systemic Symptoms Unveiling Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Astrocytopathy.","authors":"Lana Hoebeke, Ilse Claerhout, Laurens De Cocker, Camille Dutordoir, Isabelle Aers, Elise Platteau","doi":"10.1159/000552846","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000552846","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) astrocytopathy is a rare autoimmune central nervous system disorder defined by GFAP-IgG antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Optic disk edema is reported in up to half of cases, but detailed ophthalmic descriptions remain limited.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 68-year-old man presented with transient visual obscurations in his right eye, triggered by postural changes. His history included fatigue, weight loss, tremor, vertigo, and progressive cognitive decline, for which he had already been evaluated by multiple specialists. Ophthalmologic examination demonstrated a reduced visual acuity (0.4 right eye; 0.7 left eye), diffuse sensitivity loss on perimetry, and bilateral optic disk edema. CSF analysis showed pleocytosis and elevated protein with normal opening pressure. MRI of the brain revealed subtle radial perivascular enhancement, and MRI of the spinal cord showed lesions compatible with myelitis. GFAP-IgG antibodies were detected in CSF, confirming the diagnosis. High-dose intravenous methylprednisolone resulted in rapid clinical improvement, with complete resolution of optic disk edema and radiological abnormalities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>GFAP astrocytopathy should be considered in patients with unexplained bilateral optic disk edema, particularly in combination with encephalitis or myelitis and negative aquaporin-4/MOG antibodies. CSF testing for GFAP-IgG is essential for diagnosis. Prompt corticosteroid therapy often leads to marked clinical improvement. Comprehensive oncological screening remains mandatory, given that concomitant neoplasms are associated with an increased risk of relapse. In such cases, long-term immunotherapy should be considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":9635,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Ophthalmology","volume":"17 1","pages":"705-715"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13395414/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148577172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presentation and Course of Pachyvitelliform Maculopathy: A Case Series and Mini-Review.","authors":"Joanna Gołębiewska, Katarzyna Paczwa, Maciej Gawęcki","doi":"10.1159/000552616","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000552616","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pachyvitelliform maculopathy (PVM) is a novel phenotype within the spectrum of pachychoroid disorders featuring subretinal fluid and yellowish, hyperreflective, and hyperautofluorescent deposits. This study aimed to characterize PVM through multimodal imaging and evaluate therapeutic responses to guide clinical management.</p><p><strong>Case presentations: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed patient records from 2020 to 2025 at two ophthalmic centers. PVM was diagnosed based on subretinal hyperreflective material on optical coherence tomography (OCT), hyperautofluorescence, and increased choroidal thickness (>350 μm). Macular neovascularization was excluded via OCT angiography, fluorescein angiography (FA), and OCT. Outcomes following half-dose photodynamic therapy (hd-PDT) and subthreshold micropulse laser (SML) were evaluated. Seven patients with PVM were identified. At baseline, visual acuity did not exceed 0.5 Snellen in any case. Two eyes received hd-PDT (including one treated with combined SML and PDT), four received SML exclusively, and one was managed with observation only. Improvement in best corrected visual acuity occurred in 2 cases. While significant morphological restoration was observed in two eyes, it was also accompanied by atrophy of the outer retinal layers and retinal pigment epithelium. Only one patient achieved significant functional improvement following hd-PDT. One patient demonstrated the progressive evolution of vitelliform-like lesions from a simple form of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) over 60 months in the absence of prompt treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PVM represents a diagnostic challenge, often necessitating multimodal imaging to reliably distinguish it from macular dystrophies. Further large-scale studies are required to better establish the efficacy of available therapeutic approaches. Nevertheless, treatment modalities commonly employed in the management of CSC, such as PDT and SML, currently remain among the most viable options.</p>","PeriodicalId":9635,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Ophthalmology","volume":"17 1","pages":"728-738"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13427032/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148652888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anterior-Posterior Lamella Eyelid Split and Tarso-Conjunctival Excision in a Paediatric Patient with Lymphoedema-Distichiasis Syndrome: A Case Report.","authors":"Harry Hohnen, Tiki Ewing, Olivia MacVie","doi":"10.1159/000552749","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000552749","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Lymphoedema-distichiasis syndrome is a rare inherited congenital condition in which accessory eyelashes emerge from the meibomian gland orifices on the posterior lamella of the eyelid margin.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We describe the first case of an anterior-posterior lamella eyelid split and tarso-conjunctival excision without a mucosal graft performed in a paediatric patient with distichiasis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case report provides further evidence of the safety and efficacy of this procedure as an alternative to previous treatment modalities while demonstrating the feasibility of using the technique in paediatric patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9635,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Ophthalmology","volume":"17 1","pages":"692-698"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13391077/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148560843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Report: Intravitreal Aflibercept for Refractory Irvine-Gass Syndrome.","authors":"Muataz Guma, Jose Vargas, Bader Alqahtani","doi":"10.1159/000552589","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000552589","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Irvine-Gass syndrome (pseudophakic cystoid macular edema) is a common postoperative complication of cataract surgery. While most cases resolve with topical therapy, refractory cases pose a therapeutic challenge.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 60-year-old woman developed bilateral cystoid macular edema several weeks after uneventful phacoemulsification. Initial postoperative visual acuity was 20/20 bilaterally, declining to 20/100 despite topical corticosteroids and NSAIDs. Optical coherence tomography confirmed significant intraretinal cystic changes.</p><p><strong>Intervention: </strong>Bilateral intravitreal aflibercept (2.0 mg/0.05 mL) was administered.</p><p><strong>Outcome: </strong>Two weeks post-injection, optical coherence tomography demonstrated complete resolution of edema with restoration of best-corrected visual acuity to 20/20.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Intravitreal aflibercept may be an effective treatment option for refractory Irvine-Gass syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":9635,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Ophthalmology","volume":"17 1","pages":"699-704"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13391060/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148560911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case Report of Sparganosis Mansoni Parasitic Infection of Tennon's Capsule.","authors":"Cheng Li, Keren Xiao, Jianbo Wan, Yandan Zhou","doi":"10.1159/000552466","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000552466","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Sparganosis mansoni is a parasitic infection caused by the plerocercoid larva of <i>Spirometra mansoni</i>, a tapeworm commonly found in amphibians and reptiles. Humans become accidental hosts through ingestion of contaminated water or undercooked intermediate hosts, with larvae capable of migrating to subcutaneous tissues, the eyes, or the central nervous system.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>This case describes a rare presentation of ocular sparganosis in a middle-aged man with no known exposure to traditional risk factors. The live <i>S. mansoni</i> larva, discovered within the Tenon's capsule and measuring 22 cm, underscores the diagnostic challenge and the importance of considering parasitic infections in atypical orbital masses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights the diagnostic challenges of ocular sparganosis, particularly when clinical signs are subtle and conventional tests are inconclusive. To our knowledge, based on a structured review of the available literature, this appears to be the first reported case of sparganosis localized exclusively to Tenon's capsule. Clinicians should consider parasitic infections in the differential diagnosis of atypical subconjunctival or orbital masses, especially in endemic regions. Public health education regarding the risks of exposure to untreated water sources remains critical in preventing such infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":9635,"journal":{"name":"Case Reports in Ophthalmology","volume":"17 1","pages":"746-754"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13423333/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148629609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}