Cancer Management and Research最新文献

{"title":"Association of HPGDS Expression with Prognosis and Immune Microenvironment Remodeling in Pancreatic Cancer.","authors":"Hao Ye, Minjuan Du, Chenjun Xie, Ge Gao, Qingwen Wang, Xiaoyun Wang, Huaxin Kang, Mengkui Han, Xichen Wang, Junjing Zhou","doi":"10.2147/CMAR.S619196","DOIUrl":"10.2147/CMAR.S619196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is a highly lethal malignancy characterized by metabolic remodeling and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase (HPGDS), a key enzyme involved in prostaglandin and lipid-associated inflammatory signaling, remains insufficiently characterized in PAAD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We integrated public transcriptomic datasets, survival cohorts, immunotherapy-related datasets, single-cell RNA sequencing data, and in vitro validation assays to evaluate the expression pattern, clinical relevance, immune association, and functional role of HPGDS in pancreatic cancer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HPGDS was upregulated in pancreatic cancer tissues and cell lines and was associated with clinicopathological progression and unfavorable prognosis. HPGDS expression correlated with immune checkpoint molecules, immune cell infiltration, chemokine receptor networks, and cell-cell communication programs within the pancreatic tumor microenvironment. In public immunotherapy cohorts, higher HPGDS expression was associated with poorer response to immune checkpoint blockade, although the predictive performance varied across cohorts. Pharmacological inhibition and shRNA-mediated knockdown supported a role for HPGDS in pancreatic cancer cell proliferation, whereas effects on migration and invasion were less consistent between inhibitor-based and genetic approaches.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that HPGDS is associated with prognosis and immune microenvironment remodeling in pancreatic cancer and may represent a candidate biomarker for further translational investigation. Because many findings are based on retrospective public datasets and correlation analyses, additional mechanistic, in vivo, and clinical validation studies are required.</p>","PeriodicalId":9479,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Management and Research","volume":"18 ","pages":"619196"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13480528/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148788548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-Cancer Detectability of ctDNA Biomarkers in Asian Populations: Implications for Pan-Cancer Detection.","authors":"Aura Rindu Rarasati, Julia Ramadhanti, Ilma Fauziah Ma'ruf, Enny Rohmawaty, Muhammad Hasan Bashari, Hesti Lina Wiraswati","doi":"10.2147/CMAR.S612902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CMAR.S612902","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cancer remains a leading cause of global mortality, making early detection essential for improvingpatient outcomes. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as a minimally invasive liquid biopsy approach for cancer detection and monitoring. Nevertheless, current ctDNA research is dominated by mutation-based analyses, which tend to be highly heterogeneous across cancer types and may therefore limit their usefulness for pan-cancer detection.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review aimed to map ctDNA-detected gene biomarkers across cancer types in Asian populations and to identify genomic alteration patterns with potential relevance for pan-cancer detection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, PubMed was systematically searched for studies investigating tumor-specific ctDNA in Asian cancer populations. Data were extracted at the gene-event level, treating each reported genomic alteration as an independent evidence entry. Genes, alteration types, and associated cancer types were synthesize using a descriptive frequency-based evidence mapping approach. Reported clinical relevance was also summarized to provide clinical context for the identified biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 100 studies identified 113 ctDNA biomarkers across 23 cancer types, with lung, colorectal, and breast cancers being the most frequently investigated. Mutation events were the most commonly reported, reflecting the dominance of mutation-focused ctDNA assays. However, mutation profiles were highly heterogeneous and largely cancer-specific. In contrast, gene amplification events, particularly involving <i>ERBB2, MET</i>, and <i>MYC</i>, were reported across multiple cancer entities and demonstrated broader cross-cancer distribution, suggesting shared oncogenic mechanisms rather than lineage-specific events.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This descriptive evidence mapping suggests that the potential relevance of ctDNA biomarkers in Asian populations may depend more on the type of genomic alteration than on gene-reporting frequency alone. Mutation-based ctDNA biomarkers were predominantly associated with tumor-specific applications, whereas amplification-based alterations were observed across multiple cancer types. These findings provide a framework for future biomarker prioritization for cancer detection and require validation through studies evaluating clinical performance and prospective implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9479,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Management and Research","volume":"18 ","pages":"612902"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13479089/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148788590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Apoptotic Macrophage-Derived Vesicles Loaded with Oncolytic Virus for Tumor Therapy.","authors":"Zhangquan Wang, Zhuo Yan, Mingming Tan, Junjie Deng, Junwei Wang","doi":"10.2147/CMAR.S596823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CMAR.S596823","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Oncolytic viruses (OVs) represent an emerging modality in cancer immunotherapy, harnessing the ability to selectively infect and lyse cancer cells while eliciting a robust immune response. Despite their promise, the clinical application of OVs is often hindered by the body's innate antiviral defenses, which can neutralize the viruses before they reach tumor sites, and by challenges related to effective penetration and distribution within the tumor microenvironment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Apoptotic vesicles were harvested from ultraviolet-induced apoptotic RAW264.7 macrophage cells. Oncolytic adenovirus was loaded into these vesicles via a repeated extrusion method. Physicochemical characterization and viral loading efficiency (via qPCR) were assessed. Cytotoxic effects were evaluated using CCK-8 assays in vitro.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Successful encapsulation of the oncolytic adenovirus within the vesicles was achieved, with a high loading efficiency of 84.8%. Compared with free virus, the EV@OA complex exhibited significantly enhanced cytotoxicity against tumor cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Apoptotic macrophage-derived vesicles serve as an effective platform for oncolytic adenovirus delivery, improving anti-tumor efficacy in vitro. Further in vivo validation is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":9479,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Management and Research","volume":"18 ","pages":"596823"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13473820/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148758101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Determinants of Disease-Free Survival After Curative Resection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Nghia Trung Bui, Thau Manh Cao, Anh Gia Pham, Son Hong Trinh, Trang Thi Huyen Vo, Hang Thi Thu Nguyen, Tung Thanh Pham, Lam Thanh Phan, Hang Thu Nong, Ngoc Thi Tran, Cong Tien Bui","doi":"10.2147/CMAR.S620097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CMAR.S620097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the three leading causes of cancer death worldwide today. It is most common in Asia. Liver resection is a curative treatment in the early stages. However, postoperative prognosis varies and data in Southeast Asia are still limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective descriptive study included 295 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent curative intent resection at Viet Duc University Hospital between January 2015 and December 2024. Disease-free survival (DFS) was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared with the Log rank test. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors. A nomogram integrating clinical and imaging features was constructed and evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration plots, and decision curve analysis (DCA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median follow-up duration was 60.4 months (1-128 months). The DFS was 35.6 months. Multivariate analysis identified advanced TNM stage (III-IV) (HR 2.562, 95% CI 1.605-4.091, p<0.001), presence of microvascular invasion (HR 1.773, 95% CI 1.295-2.429, p<0.001), positive resection margin (R1) (HR 2.254, 95% CI 1.318-3.857, p=0.003) as independent predictors of poorer DFS, and Child-Pugh B (HR 2.319, 95% CI 1.234-4.356, p=0.009). A prognostic nomogram constructed from these tumor-related factors achieved a concordance index (C-index) of 0.64 (95% CI: 0.60-0.68). Time-dependent ROC analysis demonstrated area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.698, 0.678, and 0.682 at 1, 3, and 5 years, respectively, reflecting acceptable predictive accuracy and favorable calibration.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Advanced tumor stage, microvascular invasion, and positive resection margins are key determinants of disease-free survival after curative resection for hepatocellular carcinoma. A nomogram derived from Vietnamese real-world data may facilitate individualized postoperative risk stratification and surveillance strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9479,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Management and Research","volume":"18 ","pages":"620097"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13469314/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148759783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The TCN1 Paradox: Unraveling the Dual Role of Transcobalamin I in Colorectal Cancer-From Metabolic Regulation to Oncogenic Signaling.","authors":"Xinqiang Zhu, Beibei Ge, Siwei Shan, Linchun Wen","doi":"10.2147/CMAR.S618911","DOIUrl":"10.2147/CMAR.S618911","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer mortality. While genetic drivers are well-characterized, epigenetic alterations-particularly DNA methylation-are increasingly recognized as critical contributors. The vitamin B12 transporter Transcobalamin I (TCN1) has recently emerged as an epigenetically regulated gene with context-dependent oncogenic functions.</p><p><strong>Main body: </strong>This review synthesized current evidence positioning TCN1 at the intersection of metabolic regulation and oncogenic signaling. We critically evaluated TCN1's consistent overexpression in CRC, its regulation by promoter methylation, and its functional interactions with the Wnt/β-catenin and Notch pathways via Integrin Beta 4 (ITGB4). Notably, we identified and explored the \"TCN1 paradox\"-the tissue-specific prognostic disparities observed across gastrointestinal cancers-and proposed mechanistic hypotheses to explain this divergence. We also assessed TCN1's clinical potential as a liquid biopsy biomarker, discussing analytical challenges and benchmarking requirements against established tests like SEPT9 methylation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TCN1 represents a promising multi-functional biomarker in CRC, linking one-carbon metabolism to tumor progression. However, significant knowledge gaps remain regarding its precise molecular mechanisms. We outline a translational roadmap prioritizing in vivo validation, prospective clinical cohorts, and therapeutic vulnerability screening to determine whether TCN1 can transition from a biological player to a clinical tool.</p>","PeriodicalId":9479,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Management and Research","volume":"18 ","pages":"618911"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13455800/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148705438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Performance of Ultrasonography Compared to Cross-Sectional Imaging in Thyroid-Related Nodal Metastasis: A Retrospective Cohort Study from Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Alzahraa Mustafa Alawami, Abdulaziz Al-Sharydah, Mishael M AlObaid, Zahra AlShabeeb, Jomana Alnasser, Maryam Aldeen, Fatimah Abbas A Aldawood, Mohammed Ahmed Al Mulhim, Mohammed S AlAftan, Hussain Al-Arfaj, Ahmad M Al-Essa","doi":"10.2147/CMAR.S607619","DOIUrl":"10.2147/CMAR.S607619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accurate detection of metastatic cervical lymph nodes in thyroid cancer is needed for treatment planning. The present study evaluated the diagnostic performance of ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for detecting metastatic cervical lymph nodes in a Saudi cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study reviewed patients with thyroid nodules and cervical lymphadenopathy treated at King Fahd Hospital of the University, Saudi Arabia, between 2015 and 2024. This retrospective cohort study reviewed 150 retrieved records, of which 111 patients underwent detailed assessment; 10 were excluded for missing pathology or incomplete diagnostic data, leaving 101 patients in the final analysis. Conventional imaging features were assessed using predefined modality-specific criteria. US-guided fine needle aspiration cytology was used as the reference standard. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, accuracy, and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Agreement and discordance were assessed using Cohen's kappa and McNemar's exact test, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 101 patients were included. US was performed in 59 cases, CT in 34, and MRI in 8. FNA cytology was positive in 48/101 cases. Overall radiological classification showed sensitivity of 89.6%, specificity of 88.7%, and accuracy of 89.1%, with substantial agreement with FNA cytology (κ=0.782). In modality-stratified descriptive analyses, US showed the highest observed agreement with FNA cytology, CT showed moderate agreement, and MRI findings were limited by the limited sample size.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Within this cohort, ultrasound demonstrated high diagnostic performance, with the highest estimates of agreement and accuracy; CT showed moderate performance; and MRI results were limited by the small sample size. Given the distinct modality‑specific subgroups, these findings should be interpreted as descriptive and hypothesis‑generating rather than as definitive evidence of modality superiority.</p>","PeriodicalId":9479,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Management and Research","volume":"18 ","pages":"607619"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13462645/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148724207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synchronous Metastatic Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Case Report.","authors":"Youssef Abbas, Mohammad Alaa Aldakak, Hamza Hdeoa, Bassel Ibrahim, Younes Souleiman","doi":"10.2147/CMAR.S609006","DOIUrl":"10.2147/CMAR.S609006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Synchronous presentation of solid and hematologic malignancies is uncommon, and coexistence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) at initial evaluation is exceptionally rare. Cytopenias may be misattributed to malnutrition, chronic disease, or the solid tumor itself.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 57-year-old Syrian man who was a heavy smoker presented with progressive dysphagia, profound weight loss, weakness, and pallor. Endoscopy revealed a circumferential obstructing esophageal lesion. Computed tomography demonstrated a distal esophageal mass extending to the gastric cardia, para-aortic lymphadenopathy, and multiple hepatic lesions radiologically consistent with metastases. Histopathology showed invasive high-grade carcinoma with pseudo-signet ring morphology; mucin staining was negative, and immunohistochemistry supported high-grade ESCC (p40 positive; CK7 and CEA negative). Laboratory testing revealed severe pancytopenia (white blood cell count approximately 0.6 × 10⁹/L, hemoglobin 6.9 g/dL, and platelets approximately 55 × 10⁹/L) with markedly elevated lactate dehydrogenase. Bone marrow evaluation and flow cytometry identified approximately 46% myeloid blasts expressing CD117, CD34, CD33, CD13, myeloperoxidase, HLA-DR, and dim CD25, with aberrant CD7 expression in 31% of cells, establishing the diagnosis of AML. A feeding jejunostomy was placed for nutritional support, and the patient was referred for multidisciplinary management.</p><p><strong>Case discussion: </strong>Severe or unexplained cytopenias in patients with esophageal malignancy warrant prompt hematologic evaluation, including bone marrow examination, to exclude a concomitant myeloid neoplasm and guide individualized treatment sequencing.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Synchronous metastatic ESCC and AML require early multidisciplinary assessment to avoid diagnostic delay and optimize supportive and disease-directed care.</p>","PeriodicalId":9479,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Management and Research","volume":"18 ","pages":"609006"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13453384/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148700734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness and Dietary Practices Related to Fruit and Vegetable Consumption for Cancer Prevention in Mogadishu, Somalia: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Ibrahim Abubakar Abdi, Mohamed Ismael Iman, Abdiweli Mohamed Abdi","doi":"10.2147/CMAR.S616632","DOIUrl":"10.2147/CMAR.S616632","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fruit and vegetable consumption is an important component of healthy dietary practices and noncommunicable disease prevention. However, evidence on awareness, dietary practices, and access barriers related to fruit and vegetable consumption remains limited in Somalia. This study assessed awareness and self-reported dietary practices related to fruit and vegetable consumption for cancer prevention among adults in Mogadishu.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 420 adults in Mogadishu, Somalia, from November 2025 to February 2026. Participants were selected using a multistage sampling approach across the 20 districts of Mogadishu. Data were collected through a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire covering sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge and attitudes, dietary practices, lifestyle factors, and accessibility barriers. Descriptive statistics and Pearson's chi-square tests were used to analyze the data, with statistical significance set at p<0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The response rate was 99.5%. Overall, 71.4% of participants had heard that fruits and vegetables may help reduce cancer risk, and 85.0% agreed or strongly agreed that they are important for health. However, only 30.0% reported daily fruit intake, 40.0% reported daily vegetable intake, and 40.0% consumed only 0-1 serving per day. Limited access and food insecurity were reported by 40.0% and 45.0% of participants, respectively. Education level was significantly associated with cancer-prevention awareness (p<0.001), belief that low intake increases cancer risk (p=0.003), and attitudes toward fruit and vegetable importance (p<0.001). Access to fruits and vegetables and food insecurity were significantly associated with daily servings (both p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Awareness and positive attitudes were common, but self-reported intake remained below recommended levels. Findings suggest a knowledge-practice gap associated with socioeconomic and accessibility barriers.</p>","PeriodicalId":9479,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Management and Research","volume":"18 ","pages":"616632"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13450605/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148696965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Astragalin Suppresses Colorectal Carcinogenesis by Targeting Proliferation, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation.","authors":"Suhayla Hamad Shareef, Haween Toufiq Nanakaly, Salam Adil Ahmed, Noor Ali Gheni, Derin Nabaz Fisal, Nabaz Fisal Shakir Agha, Mahmood Ameen Abdulla","doi":"10.2147/CMAR.S578138","DOIUrl":"10.2147/CMAR.S578138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. This study evaluated astragalin's (AST) anti-proliferative and chemopreventive effects on CRC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>AST's effects were assessed in vitro on Caco-2 and HT-29 cells and in vivo on azoxymethane (AOM)-induced aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in rats. Rats received AST (50 or 100 mg/kg, 60 days) or 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) (35 mg/kg, 5 days).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>AST inhibited Caco-2 and HT-29 cell growth (IC50: 20.15-34.50 µg/mL). In AOM-induced rats, AST reduced ACF formation, improved colon histology, downregulated β-catenin, and upregulated Bax. AST also enhanced superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and modulated tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interlukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-10 levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AST demonstrated chemopreventive activity against CRC by exerting antiproliferative, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects, supporting its potential as a therapeutic agent.</p>","PeriodicalId":9479,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Management and Research","volume":"18 ","pages":"578138"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13436567/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148673058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Platform-Independent Binary Gene-Pair Signature Derived from CRPC-Enriched Single-Cell Transcriptomics for Predicting Recurrence-Free Survival in Prostate Cancer.","authors":"Yu He, Boyang Li, Zhaojie Tan, Kuanyao Jiang, Wenyue Ju, Weidong Yu, Meng Zhang, Chaozhao Liang","doi":"10.2147/CMAR.S623563","DOIUrl":"10.2147/CMAR.S623563","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recurrence-free survival (RFS) following radical prostatectomy is a pivotal measure of therapeutic success in prostate cancer (PCa), yet conventional clinicopathological tools offer limited discriminative accuracy. We sought to construct a platform-independent prognostic signature to predict RFS by capturing early molecular traces of advanced disease potential.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Single-cell RNA sequencing data were analyzed to identify malignant epithelial subclusters and evaluate their compositional changes during the transition to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). We benchmarked 12 machine learning algorithms and 104 algorithmic combinations to develop a robust binary gene-pair signature in TCGA-PRAD cohort (n = 493) and validated in five external cohorts (n = 694). Downstream analyses included functional enrichment, immune and mutational profiling, drug sensitivity prediction and virtual knockouts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A 36-gene-pair signature was established, showing robust performance in predicting RFS across five external validation cohorts, with an average C-index of 0.725. Distinct signatures in signaling and metabolic processes were identified between the two risk groups through enrichment analysis. High-risk patients exhibited an immune-inflamed microenvironment with elevated <i>TP53</i> mutation frequency and greater tumor mutational burden, and shared significant transcriptional similarities with responders to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy. These immunotherapy-related findings are hypothesis-generating and require prospective validation. Virtual knockout identified <i>CKS2</i> as a risk-associated candidate gene linked to an androgen-responsive network, suggesting <i>CKS2</i>'s potential role in the molecular reprogramming associated with PCa progression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The 36-gene-pair binary signature provides robust RFS risk stratification. High-risk individuals exhibit transcriptional similarity to reported anti-PD-1 therapy responders, and <i>CKS2</i> emerges as a prognostic hub warranting validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9479,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Management and Research","volume":"18 ","pages":"623563"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13436091/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148673074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}