Cancer Management and Research最新文献

{"title":"RAB37 Exerts a Context-Dependent Role in Cutaneous Melanoma Progression by Promoting Tumor Cell Proliferation and Being Associated with Favorable Immune Characteristics.","authors":"Meng Zhu, Yanna Wang, Yanting Zhang, Liucun Zhu, Wenna Guo","doi":"10.2147/CMAR.S613726","DOIUrl":"10.2147/CMAR.S613726","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rab proteins and small GTPase-mediated vesicle trafficking pathways play important roles in tumor progression and the tumor microenvironment. However, the biological function and clinical significance of RAB37 in cutaneous melanoma (CM) remain unclear. This study investigated the expression pattern, prognostic value, biological function, and immune-related characteristics of RAB37 in CM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>RAB37 expression and prognostic significance were analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were performed to evaluate prognostic value. Spearman correlation analysis assessed associations between RAB37 expression and immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoint blockade (ICB)-related signatures, and inflammatory cytokines. Functional roles of RAB37 were validated using loss- and gain-of-function experiments in A375 and WM-115 melanoma cells. CCK-8, EdU, and Transwell assays evaluated cell proliferation and migration. Single-cell functional analysis was performed using CancerSEA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>RAB37 expression was significantly higher in metastatic than in primary CM tissues. Elevated RAB37 expression and hypermethylation of the cg26263675 CpG site were associated with favorable survival outcomes. A prognostic nomogram integrating clinicopathological characteristics and RAB37 methylation was established. Functional experiments demonstrated that RAB37 knockdown significantly inhibited, whereas RAB37 overexpression promoted, melanoma cell proliferation and migration in both A375 and WM-115 cells. RAB37 expression was significantly associated with immune cell infiltration, ICB-related signatures, inflammatory cytokines, and immune-related pathways, including T-cell receptor signaling, PD-1 checkpoint signaling, IL-2/STAT5 signaling, and inflammatory responses. Single-cell analysis further revealed a positive association between RAB37 expression and inflammation-related functional states.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>RAB37 exhibits a context-dependent role in CM by promoting malignant cellular behaviors while being associated with immune-related characteristics and favorable clinical outcomes. These findings suggest that RAB37 may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker and provide new insights into the interplay between CM progression and the tumor immune microenvironment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9479,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Management and Research","volume":"18 ","pages":"613726"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13505789/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148817601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Research on Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine for Colorectal Cancer with Lung Metastases.","authors":"Yuxing Sun, Jiangyu Bian, Linfeng Wang, Tong Zhang","doi":"10.2147/CMAR.S620307","DOIUrl":"10.2147/CMAR.S620307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the impact of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine (TCM-WM) treatment on survival outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) lung metastases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was conducted utilizing medical records of patients diagnosed with CRC lung metastases from four tertiary Grade A hospitals between August 2013 and December 2022. Patients were stratified based on exposure to continuous traditional Chinese medicine treatment for ≥3 months. Patients meeting this exposure criterion were assigned to the TCM-WM cohort; those not meeting the criterion were assigned to the Western medicine (WM) cohort. Overall survival (OS) and 3-, 4-, and 5-year cumulative survival rates were compared between cohorts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 286 patients with CRC lung metastases: 122 in the TCM-WM cohort and 164 in the WM cohort. Median OS was 35.0 months in the TCM-WM cohort versus 28.5 months in the WM cohort, representing a statistically significant extension of 6.5 months [HR= 0.67, 95% CI:0.514-0.871, <i>P</i>=0.003]. The 3-, 4-, and 5-year cumulative survival rates were 45.08%, 29.51%, and 18.03% for the TCM-WM cohort, respectively, compared to 32.93%, 21.34%, and 11.59% for the WM cohort. The 3-year survival rate was significantly higher in the TCM-WM cohort (<i>P < 0.05</i>), whereas differences at 4 and 5 years were not statistically significant (both <i>P</i> <i>> 0.05</i>). Median PFS after first-line therapy was 10.0 months in the TCM-WM cohort and 6.0 months in the WM cohort, representing a statistically significant difference [HR=0.67, 95% CI:0.516-0.875, <i>P</i>=0.002]. Subgroup analyses demonstrated significantly prolonged survival with TCM-WM treatment versus WM treatment among females [HR=0.55, 95% CI:0.363-0.810, <i>P</i>=0.002], patients aged <65 years [HR=0.60, 95% CI:0.426-0.846, <i>P</i>=0.003], those with right-sided primary tumors [HR=0.36, 95% CI:0.201-0.648, <i>P</i><0.000], patients harboring RAS/BRAF mutations [HR=0.65, 95% CI:0.445-0.941, <i>P</i>=0.021], and patients without local therapy for lung metastases [HR=0.56, 95% CI:0.410-0.756, <i>P</i><0.000]. Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that integrated TCM-WM treatment, local treatment for lung metastases, and age <65 years were protective factors, reducing the risk of death by 42%, 31%, and 29%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Integrated TCM-WM treatment significantly prolongs survival and reduces mortality risk in patients with CRC lung metastases. (Trial registration No. ITMCTR2025001663).</p>","PeriodicalId":9479,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Management and Research","volume":"18 ","pages":"620307"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13502315/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148811984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early On-Treatment Expansion of Peripheral γδT Cells as a Noninvasive Biomarker of Response to Programmed Death-1 Inhibitor Therapy in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.","authors":"ZiYi Zhu, JianPing Jiang, MengQing Cao, DaKui Cao","doi":"10.2147/CMAR.S624716","DOIUrl":"10.2147/CMAR.S624716","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Reliable biomarkers for predicting the response to programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitor therapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer remain limited. Peripheral immune cell subsets, including gamma delta (γδ) T cells and T helper 17 (Th17) cells, may provide a noninvasive approach for monitoring systemic immune responses during immunotherapy; however, their clinical significance in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer remains incompletely understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer receiving nivolumab monotherapy were prospectively enrolled. Peripheral blood samples were collected at baseline and on day 28 after treatment initiation. Circulating γδ T cells and Th17 cells were quantified by flow cytometry, and serum tumor markers and cytokines were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Treatment response was evaluated using the iRECIST criteria. Correlation, multivariable logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Responders exhibited significant increases in peripheral γδ T cells and Th17 cells after treatment, accompanied by reductions in serum tumor markers and immunosuppressive cytokines. Day-28 γδ T cell proportions were independently associated with treatment response and correlated inversely with serum tumor marker levels while showing positive correlations with Th17 cell frequencies and interleukin-2 concentrations. ROC analysis demonstrated that day-28 γδ T cells showed good discriminative performance for identifying responders (AUC = 0.915; sensitivity = 91.9%; specificity = 82.6%), whereas Th17 cells also demonstrated favorable predictive performance (AUC = 0.850).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early treatment-induced expansion of peripheral γδ T cells was associated with objective clinical response, reduced tumor burden, and favorable cytokine remodeling during PD-1 inhibitor therapy. Dynamic monitoring of peripheral γδ T cells may represent a promising noninvasive biomarker for early assessment of treatment response in advanced non-small cell lung cancer. These findings warrant validation in larger prospective multicenter studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9479,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Management and Research","volume":"18 ","pages":"624716"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13502322/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148812015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of EMT-Related Markers and CD133 in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Associations with Clinicopathological Features and Prognosis.","authors":"Ziyi Wang, Meng Bao, Yumin Mei, Ligao Wu","doi":"10.2147/CMAR.S627523","DOIUrl":"10.2147/CMAR.S627523","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the expression of CD133 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition EMT-related factors (Snail, E-cadherin) and their prognostic and clinicopathological significance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 150 paired NSCLC and adjacent normal tissue samples were collected. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect CD133, Snail, and E-cadherin expression. Clinicopathological correlations were analyzed statistically. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis, and Spearman correlation was applied to evaluate the associations among protein expressions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NSCLC tissues exhibited significantly elevated Snail and CD133 expression and reduced E-cadherin expression compared with adjacent tissues (P<0.05). Snail, E-cadherin, and CD133 expression were closely correlated with tumor differentiation, lymph node metastasis, and TNM stage, with E-cadherin also associated with tumor size (P<0.05). CD133 was positively correlated with Snail (r=0.377, P<0.001) and negatively correlated with E-cadherin (r=-0.448, P<0.001). High Snail and CD133 expression indicated poorer survival, while high E-cadherin expression predicted favorable prognosis (P<0.05). Combined expression of these biomarkers effectively predicted NSCLC patients survival.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CD133 and EMT markers are closely linked to NSCLC progression and invasion. Combined detection of Snail, E-cadherin, and CD133 provides a reliable biomarker panel for precise prognostic evaluation of NSCLC patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9479,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Management and Research","volume":"18 ","pages":"627523"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13502331/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148811970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Advances (2020-2025) in Estrogen and ER-Positive Breast Cancer: Receptor Signaling, Tumor Microenvironment, Endocrine Therapy Resistance and Innovative Treatment Strategies-A Comprehensive Review.","authors":"Jiaxin Zhao, Donghai Li, Shaofeng Yang, Xin Ma","doi":"10.2147/CMAR.S622575","DOIUrl":"10.2147/CMAR.S622575","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer accounts for 70-80% of all invasive breast malignancies worldwide and remains the dominant subtype driving rising global breast cancer incidence, representing a major clinical burden in China with a 2.84% annual age-standardized incidence increase. Endocrine therapy serves as the cornerstone intervention for ER+ disease, yet primary and acquired drug resistance severely undermine long-term therapeutic efficacy, creating an urgent demand for systematic integration of updated mechanistic and translational evidence. This comprehensive review systematically summarizes high-quality literature published from 2020 to 2025, focusing on estrogen biosynthesis and metabolic dysregulation, dual genomic/non-genomic estrogen receptor signaling mediated by ERα, ERβ and GPER1, epigenetic regulatory networks, and bidirectional crosstalk between estrogen signaling and the breast tumor microenvironment (TME). We further dissect multi-layered mechanisms underlying endocrine resistance, including ESR1 mutations/fusions, aberrant activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK pathways, dysregulated ER co-regulators, and expansion of breast cancer stem cells. Current mainstream endocrine agents (AIs, SERMs, SERDs), CDK4/6 inhibitors, and innovative combinatorial regimens targeting drug-resistant clones are also thoroughly discussed. Core consensus from the included literature indicates that ERα acts as a major oncogenic driver while ERβ exerts tumor-suppressive functions; GPER1-mediated non-genomic signaling frequently fuels metastasis and tamoxifen resistance. ESR1 genetic alterations and TME immunosuppressive remodeling constitute the two leading causes of therapeutic failure. Emerging therapeutic candidates, including GPER1 antagonists, ESRRA modulators and epigenetic regulators, have only demonstrated context-dependent anti-endocrine resistance effects in preclinical cell and animal models; substantial contradictory mechanistic data and a complete lack of large-scale human clinical trials restrict their immediate clinical application. Throughout this review, we systematically stratify all interventions by evidence strength to distinguish standard clinical regimens from purely experimental preclinical strategies and thoroughly discuss unresolved limitations and conflicting research observations for each investigational target. Translational approaches with robust clinical validation include liquid biopsy for real-time ESR1 mutation surveillance and standardized lifestyle preventive interventions for high-risk groups, while single cell/spatial multi-omics and gut microbiome modulation remain exploratory analytical or preventive tools with unresolved technical and population variability barriers.</p>","PeriodicalId":9479,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Management and Research","volume":"18 ","pages":"622575"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13500003/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148808351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Application Value of Liquid Biopsy in Cancer MRD Detection and the Preliminary Clinical Significance of the TFx Value.","authors":"Yunbo Ding, Wei Zhou, Jian Yao, Jiansheng Yi, Qing Qiao, Ni Liao, Jing Tang, Anqi Zhang, Yuwen Zhu, Min Liu","doi":"10.2147/CMAR.S601702","DOIUrl":"10.2147/CMAR.S601702","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA)-based chromosomal instability (CIN) profiling is a non-invasive approach for tumor burden monitoring and treatment response assessment. This pilot study included 50 cancer patients (breast, oral, gastric, lung, and other cancers) to evaluate the clinical utility of the Ultrasensitive Chromosome Aberration Detection (UCAD) method, with exploratory analysis of minimal residual disease (MRD) detection in patients with no evidence of disease on imaging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty patients with histologically confirmed solid tumors who underwent UCAD testing between January 2023 and March 2024 were enrolled. UCAD uses low-depth (1×) whole-genome sequencing of plasma cfDNA to detect genome-wide copy number variations (CNVs). Tumor-derived CNVs are distinguished from germline variation through normalization against healthy donor controls, with statistically significant deviations identified as somatic events reflecting tumor-associated CIN. A tumor fraction index (TFx) is derived as a quantitative metric of the aggregate CNV burden. Patients were stratified by imaging status into no-evidence-of-disease (NED, n=41) and residual lesions (RL, n=9) subgroups. Outcomes included TFx correlation with clinical status and exploratory MRD-recurrence associations within the NED subgroup.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TFx values ranged from 0.021% to 10.12% (median 0.065%) across the cohort. TFx positively correlated with tumor stage (<i>ρ</i>=0.463, P<0.001) and negatively correlated with treatment response (P<0.01). Among 41 NED patients (median follow-up 22 months), elevated TFx (≥0.1%) was observed in patients with subsequent recurrence, including one case with TFx of 0.102% preceding bone metastasis by 3 months. In 9 RL patients, TFx tracked with disease burden and decreased following effective therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings indicate that the UCAD method showed preliminary feasibility across the evaluated cancer types in this pilot cohort, and the TFx value serves as a quantitative indicator of tumor burden and treatment efficacy, warranting further prospective validation in larger cohorts.</p>","PeriodicalId":9479,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Management and Research","volume":"18 ","pages":"601702"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13499547/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148788661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Mechanisms of Ramulus Cinnamomi and Rhizoma Paridis in Gynecological Cancers: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Feng Li, Weipin Niu, Wei Shi","doi":"10.2147/CMAR.S623567","DOIUrl":"10.2147/CMAR.S623567","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gynecological cancers mainly include ovarian, cervical, and endometrial cancers. Treatment continues to evolve but still suffers from high mortality rates, significant side effects, and medication resistance, making it challenging to achieve a successful outcome. Several key bioactive constituents in <i>Rhizoma Paridis</i> and <i>Ramulus Cinnamomi</i> show excellent biological activity against cancer cells. They are being developed as anti-gynecological tumor therapeutics.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to comprehensively review the existing data on the effectiveness of <i>Ramulus Cinnamomi, Rhizoma Paridis</i>, and their key active components (such as cinnamaldehyde, cinnamic acid, coumarins, polyphyllin I, polyphyllin II, polyphyllin VI, polyphyllin VII, and polyphyllin E) in treating gynecological tumors, focusing mainly on ovarian, cervical, and endometrial cancers. The research also delves into the mechanisms behind these treatments and evaluates their limitations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>Ramulus cinnamomi</i> and <i>Rhizoma Paridis</i>, along with their primary bioactive components, have been shown to inhibit the growth of ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, and endometrial cancer cells, as well as reduce tumor growth. Additionally, they have been found to enhance the effectiveness of chemotherapy medications and enhance the quality of life for patients through various signaling pathways.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Preclinical research suggests that <i>Rhizoma Paridis</i> and <i>Ramulus cinnamomi</i> may serve as candidate drugs with potential anti-cancer value for the management of gynecological malignancies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9479,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Management and Research","volume":"18 ","pages":"623567"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13496255/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148788685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oncologists' Perspectives on Oncology Stewardship: A Focus Group Exploration in a Statewide Quality Improvement Consortium.","authors":"Lydia L Benitez, Allison J Schepers, Emily R Mackler, Karin Schneider, Kelly K DeVries, Natalia Simon, Vanessa Aron, Jennifer J Griggs","doi":"10.2147/CMAR.S613674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CMAR.S613674","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multiple resource utilization challenges impact hematology-oncology practices including the expanding number of novel cancer-directed therapies, increasing costs of care, and imbalances in access to care. Oncology stewardship is a comprehensive approach to addressing these challenges while focusing on improving patient outcomes, enhancing quality of life, and optimizing resource utilization.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this project was to explore oncologists' perceptions of oncology stewardship and a potential statewide oncology stewardship program through the Michigan Oncology Quality Consortium (MOQC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted two structured focus groups with hematology-oncology physicians to elicit perspectives on goals and principles behind oncology stewardship, behaviors surrounding the implementation of novel therapies in the face of rising healthcare costs, and operationalization and barriers of an oncology stewardship program. Members of both focus groups then gathered for a final member checking session where findings were comprehensively presented and reviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Collectively, 13 physician participants (n=8 first session, n=5 second session) represented 5 of the 6 MOQC regions in the sessions. Physicians practiced in both hematology (n=4) and medical oncology (n=10). Four participants were members of small practices (1-5 physicians), 1 was from a medium practice (6-14 physicians), and 8 were from large practices (15 or more physicians). Participants endorsed the tenets of stewardship as presented. Cognitive dissonance was also observed between their stated preference for rigorous trial evidence for drug approvals, and their incorporation of new approvals in the clinical scenarios presented. The large influence of national guidelines for selecting new therapies was emphasized in this context. Oncology stewardship has the potential to clarify the value and sequence of therapies at individual and societal levels. Participants indicated interest in resources to evaluate data for new approvals in a standardized fashion in the context of other available therapies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Participants endorsed stewardship principles, emphasized reliance on national guidelines for selecting novel therapies, and supported a program for consistent, high-quality care through evidence-based resources to reduce treatment variability across the state.</p>","PeriodicalId":9479,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Management and Research","volume":"18 ","pages":"613674"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13484889/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148788639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic Therapy for High-Grade Olfactory Neuroblastoma: From Molecular Lineages to Targeted and Immune Strategies.","authors":"Bin He, Lin Ling Li, Yu Tan, Ke Wei Zhao, Hua Li, Ling Zhang","doi":"10.2147/CMAR.S630448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CMAR.S630448","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advanced olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) remains a therapeutic challenge because evidence for systemic treatment is derived largely from small retrospective series and extrapolation from related neuroendocrine malignancies. This narrative review brings together diagnostic pathology, multi-omics classification, contemporary guideline-based management, and emerging systemic approaches for high-grade, recurrent, or metastatic ONB. Neural and Basal molecular programs provide a useful biological framework, but they are not validated tools for treatment selection. Delta-like ligand 3 (DLL3)-directed therapy and epigenetic-immune combinations are supported mainly by lineage-based or preclinical evidence, whereas somatostatin receptor (SSTR)-directed strategies and immune checkpoint blockade have generated only limited ONB-specific clinical data. All remain investigational. The first prospective immunotherapy trial in recurrent or metastatic ONB did not meet its objective-response endpoint, although prolonged disease stabilization was observed in a subset of patients. We therefore outline a practical approach that preserves established multidisciplinary care while using molecular and immune profiling to clarify diagnosis and guide clinical-trial referral. Routine biomarker-directed systemic therapy will require prospective multicenter validation using standardized assays and predefined biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":9479,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Management and Research","volume":"18 ","pages":"630448"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13484888/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148788731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pleural Metastatic Melanoma with Refractory Hemorrhagic Effusion: A Case Report.","authors":"Yuxiang Xu, Kaixue Zhuang, Weijian Liu, Peize Zhang, Hongjuan Qin, Taosheng Ye","doi":"10.2147/CMAR.S608969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/CMAR.S608969","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pleural melanoma is an exceptionally rare and aggressive form of malignancy with high mortality rate. We report a 57-year-old male of pleural metastatic malignant melanoma that manifested as refractory hemorrhagic pleural effusion. Imaging studies revealed a substantial right-sided pleural effusion accompanied by pleural nodules. Thoracoscopy uncovered diffusely distributed black nodules on the parietal pleura. Biopsy and immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of pleural malignant melanoma. Despite antitumor therapy combining pembrolizumab and temozolomide, he deteriorated rapidly, ultimately resulting in death. We underscore the importance of considering malignant melanoma in the differential diagnosis of unexplained hemorrhagic pleural effusion. Thoracoscopy plays a pivotal role in achieving a fast definitive diagnosis. A high proliferation index, such as an elevated Ki-67 indicates a rapid poor prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9479,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Management and Research","volume":"18 ","pages":"608969"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13484638/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148788726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}