Cancer Investigation最新文献

{"title":"A Comparative Analysis of TIRADS and ATA Classification Systems in Determining the Malignancy of Thyroid Nodules.","authors":"Rahil Rahimi, Hamid Moradi, Mohammadreza Azimi Aval, Reza Gerami, Katayoun Ziari, Mohammad-Sadegh Johari","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2025.2596859","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07357907.2025.2596859","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study aims to compare the diagnostic performance of two ultrasound classifications of thyroid nodules: 2015 American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines and 2017 American College of Radiology (ACR) Thyroid Imaging, Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS). This comparison evaluates the association of these classifications with the Bethesda system regarding the malignancy of thyroid nodules. A total of 166 patients who met the study's inclusion criteria were enrolled. Ultrasound examinations of the thyroid nodules were conducted, along with fine-needle aspiration (FNA) from the thyroid nodules, with subsequent submission to pathology. The mean age of the patients was 49.79 ± 15.61 years, and 84.3% of participants were female. The Bethesda category 2, with a frequency of 55.42%, was the most observed. 78.3% had solid nodules, with 48.2% showing isoechogenicity. The average nodule size was 22.56 ± 11.05 mm. The most frequent ATA and TI-RADS classifications were low (50.6% and 47.6%, respectively). Significant correlations were found between the Bethesda and TI-RADS scores (<i>p</i> < 0.001), the Bethesda and ATA scores (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and the ATA and TI-RADS scores (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The sensitivity of ATA and TI-RADS was 43% and 47%, respectively, with specificities of 98% and 98%. Both classification systems represent valuable tools for assessing thyroid nodule malignancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"855-862"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148577034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Melatonin on Sleep Quality, Anxiety, and Depression in Patients with Primary Breast Cancer Undergoing Adjuvant Chemotherapy Type: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.","authors":"Mohsen SeddighShamsi, Mohsen Esfandbod, Shabnam Jalali, Farnaz Etesam, Zahra Jahangard Rafsanjani, Vahideh Ghorani, Hamid Heidarian Miri, Arezoo Rajabian, Gholamreza Toogeh, Shahin Saeidinejat","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2025.2563202","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07357907.2025.2563202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to evaluate the effect of melatonin on sleep Quality, anxiety, and depression in the patients with primary breast cancer undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy in a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Forty patients with stage I-III breast cancer were allocated randomly to the intervention and control groups. The intervention group received 6 mg/day/6 months. At baseline, middle and end of chemotherapy, patients were evaluated using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Hospital Anxiety, and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaires, respectively. Melatonin administration resulted in significant improvements in sleep latency (1.50 ± 1.04,1.28 ± 1.02,1.00 ± 1.08, P = 0.001), sleep efficiency (1.11 ± 1.08, 0.83 ± 1.15, 0.56 ± 0.92, P = 0.003), and total Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores (8.39 ± 4.63, 7.56 ± 4.41, 6.50 ± 3.71, P = 0.003) when compared to the placebo group throughout the three phases of chemotherapy. Importantly, no statistically significant differences were noted during the Adriamycin phase of chemotherapy. In contrast, during the Taxol phase, the melatonin showed a statistically significant improvement in anxiety levels (7.33 ± 4.01 to 5.67 ± 0.88, P = 0.077) and overall PSQI scores (8.39 ± 4.62 to 9.13 ± 4.96, P = 0.015). These results indicate that melatonin may be a promising therapeutic option for addressing sleep disturbances in breast cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"845-854"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148629643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>In Vivo</i> Pharmacokinetics, Bio-Distribution and anti-Tumor Activity of Docetaxel-Loaded Folate Targeted Biocompatible Polymeric Micelles.","authors":"Moloud Kazemi, Jaber Emami, Farshid Hasanzadeh, Mohsen Minaiyan, Mina Mirian, Afsaneh Lavasanifar","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2675649","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2675649","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anti-tumor agent, docetaxel (DTX), was incorporated into novel pre-synthesized pH-triggered folate-targeted polymeric micelles to overcome insufficient drug accumulation at the tumor site and to reduce side effects in healthy tissues. Tumor growth inhibition rate (87.8%), elimination half-life (7.15 h), and tumor targeting efficiency (74.3%) for the targeted micellar formulation were significantly improved compared to those of free DTX (52.14%, 4.98 h, and 52.92% respectively). Overall, the findings of the current study showed that folate-targeted micelle is a potential targeting drug delivery system improving the efficacy of anticancer drugs through selective targeting of tumor tissues.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"874-897"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148293498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Heterogeneity of B Cells Potentially Contributes to Metastasis of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinomas.","authors":"Yuanhong Chen, Chun Guo, Shaoang Huang, Caixia Ling, Wenxian Lin, Zhengfang Liang, Jingjie Zhao, Lingzhang Meng, Yulian Tang, Kun Ye","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2675653","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2675653","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) exhibits extensive immune infiltration, yet the influence of immunological heterogeneity on clinical outcomes remains poorly elucidated.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Addressing the formidable challenge of metastasis suppression in ccRCC treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Use scRNA-seq analysis and immunofluorescent imaging to categorize B cells into sub-clusters based on distinct gene expression profiles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Identify two significant B cell subpopulations, B cell (HLA-DRA) and B cell (FKBP11); show the upregulation of six genes (DERL3, FKBP11, MZB1, TNFSF13B, MYO9B, and ACAP1) in infiltrating B lymphocytes associated with poor prognosis of ccRCC; find that B cell (HLA-DRA) displays a noteworthy association with ccRCC metastasis and demonstrates relevance to tumor immunity across diverse cancers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The heterogeneity within B-cell subpopulations may substantially contribute to the metastatic potential of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. The findings provide insights into targeted interventions and improved clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"898-911"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148293550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adrenal Carcinoma Laterality is of Limited Clinical Significance: A National Perspective.","authors":"Mohammad H Hussein, Peter P Issa, Tessa R Lavorgna, Chad P Issa, Charlotte Pecot, Manal S Fawzy, Eman A Toraih","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2675647","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2675647","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The clinical implication of adrenal cancer laterality is not well investigated. This retrospective study used the National Cancer Database, including 3962 patients with primary adrenal malignancies. Similar analyses of patients with adrenal cancer were retrieved from the cBioPortal/The Cancer Genome Atlas to validate our findings. Left-sidedness was associated with larger tumor size and distant metastasis, while right-sided tumors displayed LN metastasis more often. There was no difference in survival between the two groups. Analysis of differential genomic and transcriptomic/proteomic effects between right/left adrenal carcinomas was found to be similar. Our analysis highlighted the limited clinical importance of adrenal carcinoma laterality.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"863-873"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148276166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association Between Lymphocyte-Monocyte Ratio, Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes, and Tumor-Associated Macrophages with 3-Year Progression-Free Survival in Advanced Local Stage Nasopharyngeal Cancer Patients.","authors":"Ni Putu Merlynda Pusvita Dewi, Andhika Rachman, Lisnawati Lisnawati, Sukamto Koesnoe","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2675655","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2675655","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is a major health burden in Indonesia, and reliable prognostic biomarkers are needed to guide treatment decisions. This study examined associations between lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR), tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) in advanced-stage NPC. A retrospective cohort was assembled at a national referral hematology-oncology clinic, including patients diagnosed from January 2015 to 2020. TIL and TAM expression were assessed by immunohistochemistry, and cutoffs for LMR, CD8, and CD163 were derived using receiver operating characteristic analysis. Kaplan-Meier methods with log-rank testing and Cox proportional hazards regression (univariable and multivariable) were applied. Median 3-year PFS was 24 months (95% CI: 19.44-25.04), with 46.7% event-free at 3 years. High LMR (>1.82) and high CD8+ TIL (>47.5%) were associated with higher 3-year PFS (56.3% and 59.3%) than low groups (31.7% and 30.4%). High CD163+ TAM (≥196) was associated with worse 3-year PFS (9.1% vs 73.8%; <i>p</i> < 0.001). In multivariable models, associations remained significant: LMR aHR 1.844 (<i>p</i> = 0.026), CD8 aHR 2.222 (<i>p</i> = 0.008), and CD163 aHR 5.680 (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). After adjustment for age, ECOG, body mass index, treatment type, sex, and stage (CD163 model), effect estimates were consistent with univariable findings. These biomarkers may aid risk stratification in advanced NPC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"912-921"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148293490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cancer-Specific Changes in Diagnostic Activity During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Analysis of Canadian CiNA Data.","authors":"Omar Abdel-Rahman","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2675660","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2675660","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the patterns of change in diagnostic activity of different cancers before and after 2020, among Canadian jurisdictions covered in the CiNA dataset.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Cancer in North America (CiNA) dataset was accessed, and crude rates of some of the most common cancers in Canada were reviewed (2010-2022). These included cancers of the breast, colorectum, cervical, prostate, melanoma of the skin, lung, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. These cancers encompassed a variety of diagnostic pathways (organized screening, opportunistic early detection, and symptom-driven diagnoses). Descriptive drop rates (comparing 2020 rates to pre-2020 rates) and recovery rates (comparing 2021-2022 rates to pre-2020 rates) were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For the group of patients eligible for colorectal cancer screening in Canada (50-74 years old), the drop rate of 2020 (compared to pre-2020 baseline) was -20.9 and the recovery rate of 2021-2022 (compared to pre-2020 baseline) was -8.8. Likewise, for breast cancer and within the age group recommended for screening in most Canadian jurisdictions (50-74 years old), the drop rate (for 2020 compared to previous years) was -7.2, and the recovery rate for 2021-2022 (compared to pre-2020 baseline) was 1.96. Similar drop and recovery rates were observed for cancers diagnosed usually through opportunistic early detection (prostate cancer and melanoma of the skin). The same was not observed for lung cancer or non-Hodgkin lymphoma.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There was evidence of a non-uniform disruption of cancer diagnostic activity in 2020 in Canada (with breast and colorectal cancers showing a considerable disruption), which likely reflects the varying sensitivities of different diagnostic pathways to healthcare disruptions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"922-931"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147986611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms of Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Therapeutic Strategies to Overcome Them: An Integrative Review.","authors":"Ehsan Lotfi, Fereshteh Golab","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2725033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07357907.2026.2725033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting PD-1, PD-L1, CTLA-4, and LAG-3 have transformed cancer therapy, but resistance limits durable benefit. This integrative review summarizes primary, adaptive, and acquired resistance driven by tumor-intrinsic defects, suppressive tumor microenvironmental programs, and host-related factors. We discuss mechanism-based strategies to overcome resistance, including combination immunotherapy, antiangiogenic treatment, TGF-β targeting, myeloid reprogramming, epigenetic and metabolic interventions, microbiome modulation, and cellular or vaccine-based approaches. The findings support a precision immuno-oncology framework based on composite biomarkers, longitudinal monitoring, and adaptive treatment selection matched to dominant resistance mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148849823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive Value of the High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein/HDL-Cholesterol Ratio for Cardiovascular and Cancer-Specific Mortality in Cancer Survivors: A Study from NHANES 2015-2018.","authors":"Wen Sun, Min Li, Junchuan Li, Jueping Feng, Fanfan Shu","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2721530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07357907.2026.2721530","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although inflammation and lipid metabolism disorders have been confirmed to affect the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD)-specific mortality and cancer-specific mortality in cancer survivors, the predictive value of the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (CHR) for these outcomes remains unclear, with a paucity of relevant research evidence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2015-2018, a total of 1,064 cancer survivors aged ≥20 years were enrolled and followed up for 61 months. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW)-weighted Fine-Gray competing risk models, restricted cubic splines, and subgroup analyses were used to systematically explore the association between CHR and CVD-specific mortality as well as cancer-specific mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the follow-up period, 127 deaths occurred, including 52 cancer-specific deaths and 27 CVD-specific deaths. The level of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) was significantly higher in the CVD-specific death group, while the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly lower in the cancer-specific death group; CHR was significantly elevated in both death groups compared with their corresponding non-death groups. After IPTW-weighted Fine-Gray competing risk adjustment, each 1-unit increment in CHR was associated with a 5.0% higher subdistribution hazard of CVD-specific mortality among cancer survivors (adjusted SHR = 1.050, <i>P</i> < 0.05). A weak but statistically significant overall linear association was also observed between CHR and cancer-specific mortality (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Restricted cubic spline (RCS) competing risk models further revealed a distinct threshold-dependent nonlinear relationship for cancer-specific mortality, with an inflection point at 3.02 mg/mmol. The hazard of cancer death increased sharply with rising CHR below this cutoff and remained stable without additional risk elevation at higher CHR levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CHR independently predicts higher subdistribution hazard of CVD-specific mortality in cancer survivors, with a 5.0% risk increase per unit elevation. While CHR shows a weak overall linear association with cancer-specific mortality, their relationship exhibits a segmented nonlinear pattern with an exploratory inflection point at 3.02 mg/mmol; this value is not a validated clinical cutoff due to limited outcome events. With distinct predictive effects for the two competing fatal outcomes, CHR could act as a convenient auxiliary biomarker for long-term mortality risk evaluation and lay a foundation for future large-cohort validation of clinical thresholds.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148812055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precision Pancreatic Cancer Care: From Early Detection to Adaptive Precision Oncology.","authors":"Takehiro Okabayashi, Motoyasu Tabuchi, Teppei Tokumaru, Sunao Uemura, Shuta Tamura","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2721529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07357907.2026.2721529","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains highly lethal, and genome-centric precision oncology shows limited impact due to low actionable alterations and high heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>A broader \"Precision Pancreatic Cancer Care\" (PPCC) framework integrates multi-omics, spatial biology, and patient-derived organoids to enhance early detection and functional oncology. Longitudinal molecular monitoring, microenvironment targeting, and personalized supportive care are vital to combating therapeutic resistance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Shifting from isolated genomic profiling to a multidimensional, adaptive ecosystem across the entire disease continuum holds the potential to transform PDAC management and improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148788632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}