Cancer Investigation最新文献

{"title":"Prognostic Significance of Different Ki-67 Cutoff Values Defined Luminal B HER2-Negative Breast Cancer.","authors":"Xin Ye, Xiaoyun Zhou, Qi He, Jie Wang, Li Yang, Min Ji, Zhiwei Wang","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2617267","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2617267","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Luminal B (HER2-) breast cancer is defined as ER- or PR-positive and HER2-negative meeting with PR ≤ 20%, or ER- or PR-positive and HER2-negative with high Ki-67 index, which has worse prognoses. The locally specified Ki-67 cutoff value has remained elusive in China. 4940 patients with ER- or PR-positive and HER2-negative operable breast cancer were recruited. The novel findings was that luminal B (HER2-) tumors showed poor DFS regardless of Ki-67 cutoff values (14, 20 or 30%), and luminal B (HER2-) subtype(PR ≤ 20% and high Ki-67 index) tumors showed inferior OS, DMFS, and BCSS. With Ki-67 cutoff value of 20%, it was optimized to distinguish prognostic differences.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"463-478"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146103755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dysphagia Outcomes Following Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell (CAR-T) Treatment in Patients with Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma.","authors":"Nana-Hawwa Abdul-Rahman, Samantha K Sinacore, Tamara Wasserman-Wincko, Angela L Mazul, Katie M Carlson, Melanie Potiaumpai, Vasilii Bushunow, Andrew Zhang, Aaron Edward Jackson, Kristen Stablein, Christine Baker, Ashur-Dee Brown, Sandra Stinnett","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2619564","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2619564","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dysphagia is a well-established complication in cancer patients, often resulting from chemoradiation-induced inflammation, fibrosis, and neuromuscular dysfunction. However, little is known about the incidence and clinical impact of dysphagia in patients undergoing adoptive cellular therapies such as Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>In this retrospective cohort study, we evaluated 116 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) who received CAR-T therapy between January 2017 and May 2023. The overall prevalence of dysphagia was 19.83%, with a median onset of 6 days and a median duration of 14 days. Dysphagia was significantly associated with cytokine release syndrome (CRS) (<i>p</i> = 0.002), immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) (<i>p</i> < 0.001), advanced tumor stage (<i>p</i> = 0.02), ICU admission (<i>p</i> < 0.001), and prolonged ICU stay (median 7 days). The Kaplan Meier analysis revealed significantly reduced 6-month overall survival in patients with dysphagia (59.01%) compared to those without (86.36%) (<i>p</i> = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Dysphagia is an underrecognized but clinically significant complication of CAR-T therapy. Its association with severe treatment-related toxicities and poorer survival suggests the need for routine dysphagia screening and multidisciplinary management in CAR-T treated patients. Early recognition may guide supportive interventions and improve patient outcomes and quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"487-496"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146050372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Characteristics and Prognostic Factors of Renal Sarcoma: A Japanese National Cancer Registry Study.","authors":"Hiroya Kondo, Koichi Ogura, Chigusa Morizane, Tomoyuki Satake, Shintaro Iwata, Yu Toda, Shudai Muramatsu, Toshiyuki Takemori, Eisuke Kobayashi, Takahiro Higashi, Akira Kawai","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2633602","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2633602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We analyzed survival rates and prognostic factors for renal sarcoma using Japan's National Cancer Registry data. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with renal sarcoma (2016-2019). Prognostic factors were evaluated using Cox regression analyses. Among 235 patients, female sex (HR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.23-0.83; <i>p</i> = 0.012), older age (≥60 years: HR, 5.87; <i>p</i> < 0.001), histologic subtype (angiosarcoma: HR, 12.65; <i>p</i> < 0.001), and distant disease (HR, 6.32; <i>p</i> < 0.001) were significant independent prognostic factors. Surgical resection (HR, 0.41; <i>p</i> = 0.004) and radiation therapy (HR, 0.39; <i>p</i> = 0.010) were associated with improved survival. Histologic subtype is the most critical prognostic factor for renal sarcoma in Japan's aging population, with dramatic survival differences: clear cell sarcoma (94.4% 3-year survival) versus angiosarcoma (19.0%). This heterogeneity mandates histology-specific treatment protocols rather than organ-based approaches, with particular relevance for aging societies in Asia.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"516-525"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147347574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive and Prognostic Value of p16 in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients Treated with Molecular Targeted Agents or Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Subgroup Analysis of the TRIUMPH Study.","authors":"Hyerim Ha, Sang Hoon Chun, Yun-Gyoo Lee, Hyun Chang, Jang Ho Cho, Der Sheng Sun, Sang Hee Cho, Jung Hye Kwon, Kyoung Eun Lee, In Gyu Hwang, Hyo Jung Kim, Bhumsuk Keam, Seong Hoon Shin, Sung-Bae Kim, Joo Hang Kim, Hwan Jung Yun","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2618577","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2618577","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study is to assess the predictive and prognostic value of p16 in recurrent/metastatic HNSCC patients treated with molecular targeted agents (MTAs) or immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>The TRIUMPH trial (NCT03292250) was a multi-arm phase II umbrella trial using next-generation sequencing for patients with HNSCC. Patients were assigned to specific treatment arms including PIK3CA, EGFR/HER2, FGFR, CDK4/6 inhibitors, and ICI based on their genomic profiles. We performed post hoc analysis using 86 patients who had available p16 immunohistochemistry results. ORR, PFS, and OS were analyzed by p16 positivity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The p16 positivity rate was 33.7%. ORR was 20.7% for p16 (+) compared to 8.8% for p16 (-) patients (<i>P</i> = 0.072). Median PFS was 3.8 months for p16 (+) and 1.8 months for p16 (-) (<i>P</i> = 0.030). Median OS was 12.9 months for p16 (+) and 6.2 months for p16 (-) (<i>P</i> = 0.100).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with p16 (+) showed longer PFS and OS compared to p16 (-) patients. This suggests that p16 has prognostic and predictive values in HNSCC patients who are treated with MTAs or ICIs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"479-486"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146123724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low Cancer Screening Rates Among Emergency Department Patients: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.","authors":"Nicholas R Pettit, Matthew Hays, Xiaochun Li, Jacquiline Wiltshire, Paul Musey","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2618576","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2618576","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many Americans, especially emergency department (ED) patients, are not up to date with routine cancer screenings. This multi-center retrospective study assessed adherence to U.S. Preventive services task force guidelines for breast, colorectal, and lung cancer screenings among 198,210 patients across 11 Indiana EDs. Results showed 33.0% were screened for colorectal cancer, 55.4% of eligible females for breast cancer, and only 3.1% of eligible patients for lung cancer. These findings highlight persistently low screening rates in ED populations. Targeted interventions are needed to improve adherence and reduce disparities in cancer prevention among high-risk groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"555-558"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146103811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Review of the Efficacy of KRAS p.G12C Inhibitors in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: The Current State of Science.","authors":"Jeffrey Mathew Boby, Nosakhare Ilerhunmwuwa, Jame Mathew Benny, Paola Zinser Peniche, Doga Kahramangil Baytar, Ibrahim Halil Sahin","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2636581","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2636581","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>KRAS p.G12C (c.34G > T) inhibitors have been reported to have varying survival outcomes in CRC patients across studies. Hence, our review aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the efficacy and safety of these agents among the CRC population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Major databases, including but not limited to PubMed and Ovid, were searched for original clinical trials assessing the efficacy or safety of KRAS p.G12C (c.34G > T) inhibitors in CRC patients through May 2025. Studies with non-G12C KRAS-mutated populations were excluded. Data on patient demographics and various variables, including but not limited to OS, PFS, and TRAE incidence, were extracted from included studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our systematic review analyzed 18 trials and 1011 patients. Adagrasib monotherapy yielded a median PFS of 4.4-5.6 months, an OS of 10-19.8 months, and an ORR of 19-23%, while its combination with cetuximab reported a PFS of 6.9 months, an OS of 13.4-15.9 months and an ORR of 34-46%. Sotorasib monotherapy (960 mg) reported a PFS of 4 months, an OS of 10.6 months, and an ORR of 9.7. When combined with panitumumab, 960 mg sotorasib demonstrated better results with a PFS of 5.6-5.7 months, OS of 15.2 months and an ORR of 12.5-30%. Similarly, divarasib monotherapy led to a PFS of 5.6-6.9 months and an ORR of 20%, while its combination with cetuximab resulted in a PFS of 8.1 months and an ORR of 62.5%. Combination therapy of olomorasib and MK-1084, which are new-generation KRAS p.G12C (c.34G > T) inhibitors, with cetuximab also demonstrated highly promising efficacy with ORR of 38-44% and 50%, respectively. Olomorasib with cetuximab also showed a PFS of 6.6-7.5 months. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, rash, and increased AST/ALT were the most common TRAEs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Initial results of KRAS-G12C inhibitors appear highly promising when they are combined with anti-EGFR therapy compared to historical therapeutic agents indicated for patients with chemotherapy-refractory CRC. Encouraging benefits warrant frontline trials with these novel therapeutics.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"526-543"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147353703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Adverse Response Expressions to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy in PD1-Expressing Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients.","authors":"Bran Yousif Mikaeel, Goran Othman, Abbas Salihi, Farhang Awla, Omar Jalil, Seda Beyaz, Şeyma Demirelli, Abdullah Aslan","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2627195","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2627195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lung tumor is the leading cause of tumors in global deaths. The determination of the coefficient reflects that 14% of the HBA1C variation was determined by dose, with the remaining variation reverting to other factors influencing HBA1C. The regression coefficient for dose is 0.158, meaning one unit increase in dose will raise glucose by 0.158 via retention or the current cycle. Determining the coefficient reproduces that 39% of glucose variation is determined by both cycle and dose, with the remaining variation back to other factors touching glucose. The regression coefficient for dose is 0.008, meaning one unit increase in dose will increase HBA1C by 0.008. There is no statistically significant difference in the mean of immunotherapy and chemotherapy of thyroid function tests such as T3, T4, and TSH. Results of subgroup analysis were categorized based on drugs and antibodies used to evaluate immune checkpoint inhibitors, Finally, other tests such as glucose, HBA1C, ACE, and insulin, mean immunotherapy, and chemotherapy for glucose, HBA1C, ACE, and insulin serum were not statistically different. Our results suggest that immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy an important step in the decreasing of lung cancer cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"497-515"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146257604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic Review and Single-Arm Meta-Analysis of Bevacizumab Combined with Chemotherapy or Immunotherapy for Oncological Outcomes in Advanced/Recurrent Ovarian Clear Cell Carcinoma.","authors":"Yuling Gu, Yunxian Tang, Cui Zheng, Yanhua Wang","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2618578","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2618578","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study aimed to evaluate the oncological outcomes related to bevacizumab-based combination therapy among patients with advanced or recurrent ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC). PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Embase were searched, and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) was utilized to assess the study quality. Results showed that bevacizumab significantly improved overall survival (OS) (HR = 0.51; 95% CI: 0.40-0.66) and progression-free survival (PFS) (HR = 0.42; 95% CI: 0.29-0.60). The overall objective response rate (ORR), complete response (CR), and partial response (PR) were 49% (95% CI: 39-60%), 17% (95% CI: 9-25%), and 31% (95% CI: 22-41%). Bevacizumab-based combination therapy may be a prospective strategy for advanced or recurrent OCCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"544-554"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147269820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Next-Generation Therapies for Meningioma: Overcoming Barriers and Expanding Treatment Options.","authors":"Shayan Sheikhmiri, Elyas Hasanzadeh, Reza Chaman, Borna Farazmand, Arefeh Saeedian, Gaurav Dhawan, Seyedehhoda Khatibmasjedi, Ali Ghanbari Motlagh, Seyed Alireza Javadinia, Amirhosein Rayegani, Saeideh Sadat Shobeiri","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2661627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07357907.2026.2661627","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Meningioma is the most common primary brain tumor. Surgical resection and, in some cases, adjuvant radiotherapy remain the cornerstone of treatment, offering an exceptionally high cure rate. However, treatment can be challenging, particularly in cases of high-grade tumors, symptomatic tumors located in eloquent brain regions, and in patients who are medically inoperable. Recent molecular profiling has redefined meningioma classification, identifying distinct consensus groups-Immunogenic (MG1), NF2-wildtype (MG2), Hypermetabolic (MG3), and Proliferative (MG4)-with significant prognostic and therapeutic implications. This review discusses the latest advancements in precision medicine therapeutic approaches in meningioma, with a focus on overcoming existing barriers and expanding treatment options. We explore how molecular insights may guide novel therapeutic strategies, including targeted agents against the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Sonic Hedgehog pathways (e.g., everolimus, vismodegib), CDK4/6 inhibitors (e.g., palbociclib, abemaciclib), angiogenesis inhibitors (e.g., sunitinib), and immunotherapies such as PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitors. Additionally, we examine innovative modalities like peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) and advanced radiation techniques. A key area of exploration is the challenge posed by treatment resistance and inter-patient variability, underscoring the crucial need for biomarker-driven, personalized treatment strategies to optimize clinical outcomes for meningioma patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"1-25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147763048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential Toxicity of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Older Adults: A Large-Scale, Propensity Score-Matched Real-World Analysis.","authors":"Muhammad Awidi, Muntaser Al Zyoud, Noor S Bader, Ahmad Al-Alwan, Muhammad Junaid Tariq","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2654124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07357907.2026.2654124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The risk-benefit profile of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the understudied elderly population (≥75 years) remains poorly defined. We characterized clinical outcomes and immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in this population using a large real-world dataset.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using the TriNetX network, we identified cancer patients initiating ICIs, creating two cohorts: ≥75 and 18-74 years. After 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM), we compared overall survival, all-cause hospitalization, and 5-year irAE risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We matched 37,417 older patients to 37,417 younger controls. Older adults had worse overall survival (median 753 vs 955 days; HR 1.15; 95% CI 1.13 - 1.18). Paradoxically, they had lower risks for endocrine (RR 0.86; 95% CI 0.83 - 0.89) and gastrointestinal (RR 0.80; 95% CI 0.76 - 0.84) events. However, risks significantly increased for myocarditis (RR 1.27; 95% CI 1.05 - 1.53), myasthenia gravis (RR 2.38; 95% CI 1.76 - 3.21), polymyalgia rheumatica (RR 2.12; 95% CI 1.62 - 2.76), pemphigoid (RR 2.05; 95% CI 1.58 - 2.67), and acute kidney injury (RR 1.09; 95% CI 1.05 - 1.13).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients ≥75 years exhibited poorer survival and a unique irAE profile characterized by lower overall incidence but heightened risk of specific, highly morbid toxicities. These findings highlights the need for age-specific vigilance in geriatric oncology.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147697762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}