Cancer Investigation最新文献

{"title":"The Association of NSCLC and Dementia - A Population-Based Cohort Study in Taiwan.","authors":"Yi-Fang Chen, Heng-Jun Lin, Yung-Shuo Kao","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2680666","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2680666","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The relationship between cancer and dementia remains complex, and evidence regarding non-central nervous system (CNS) cancers such as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is inconsistent. This population-based cohort study examined the association between stage II-III NSCLC and the risk of dementia in Taiwan.</p><p><strong>Materials/methods: </strong>National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) was used in this study. The primary outcome was incident dementia, defined by ≥2 outpatient visits or ≥1 hospitalization. Cox proportional hazards models were applied to estimate crude and adjusted hazard ratios (HR). Kaplan-Meier curves and Schoenfeld residual tests were used to assess cumulative incidence and proportional hazards assumptions. The median follow-up time was 3.1 years in the NSCLC cohort and 4.7 years in the non-cancer cohort.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, stage II-III NSCLC was not associated with an increased risk of dementia compared with matched non-cancer individuals (adjusted HR = 1.11, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.98-1.26). However, Patients with stage II NSCLC showed a borderline significance toward increased dementia risk (adjusted HR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.01-1.43), although this association was not maintained in sensitivity analyses. Age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and cerebrovascular diseases were also associated with elevated dementia risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This large, nationwide cohort study found no overall association between stage II-III NSCLC and dementia.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"1017-1026"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148256742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Six Years Since Selinexor Approval for Relapsed Multiple Myeloma: What Have We Learned?","authors":"Samer Al Hadidi, Rajshekhar Chakraborty, Ghulam Rehman Mohyuddin","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2681847","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2681847","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"1035-1038"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148161926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying the Mediation Effect of Disease Stage on Racial Disparities in Head and Neck Cancer Survival.","authors":"Uchechukwu C Megwalu, Yifei Ma","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2681846","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2681846","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There are significant racial and ethnic disparities in head and neck cancer (HNC) survival. Disparities in cancer stage appear to account for some of the disparities in survival. However, the proportion of the survival disparities mediated by cancer stage is unclear. This study aimed to quantify the mediation effects of stage at diagnosis on racial/ethnic disparities in HNC survival using data from the California Cancer Registry. We found that T3-4 disease accounted for 36.3% (95% CI 15.6% to 57.0%) of the association between Black (versus White) and worse OS, and for 44.2% (95% CI 10.9% to 77.4%) of the association between Black (versus White) and worse DSS. This suggests that interventions aimed at improving access to care and early detection of malignancies may have highest impact in reducing racial/ethnic disparities in HNC survival. Future studies are needed to further understand factors that drive racial disparities in HNC stage at diagnosis, and to inform the development of intervention strategies to address these disparities.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"1027-1034"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148197273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex-Specific Adverse Events and Cardiovascular Toxicity of Cabozantinib in Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Nine-Year Pharmacovigilance Study.","authors":"Erhao Bao, Yuchen Li, Yang Yang, Ben Wang, Qilin Yang, Sheng Li","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2676988","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2676988","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cabozantinib is a multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor widely used in advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, real-world evidence regarding its safety profile, particularly sex-specific adverse events (AEs) and cardiovascular toxicity, remains limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective pharmacovigilance study was performed using data from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) from Q2 2016 to Q2 2025. Reports listing cabozantinib as the primary suspected drug and RCC as the indication were included. Disproportionality analyses using Reporting Odds Ratio (ROR) and Proportional Reporting Ratio (PRR) were conducted to identify safety signals. Sex-specific differences were evaluated using a modified 2 × 2 contingency table. Time-to-onset (TTO) was assessed with Weibull distribution modeling. Cardiovascular toxicity was further analyzed using standardized MedDRA queries (SMQs) and compared with sunitinib.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 22,778 cabozantinib-related AE reports were identified, with a male-to-female ratio of 2.41:1 and a median age of 65 years. Major safety signals involved gastrointestinal, endocrine, and metabolic disorders, with strong associations observed for palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome, stomatitis, oral pain, and taste disturbance. The median TTO was 40 days, with a Weibull shape parameter <i>β</i> < 1, indicating an early-onset pattern. Females showed higher reporting of gastrointestinal and dermatologic AEs, while males had higher frequencies of severe outcomes, including acute myocardial infarction. Cabozantinib demonstrated a lower overall cardiovascular AE signal (ROR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.66-0.75) compared with sunitinib (ROR = 0.87, 95% CI: 0.82-0.91).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This real-world study highlights sex-specific safety differences, early AE onset, and a comparatively favorable cardiovascular profile of cabozantinib, supporting individualized monitoring strategies in RCC treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"994-1007"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148052814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and Cervical Cancer: An Exploratory Systematic Review of Heterogeneous Evidence on Epidemiology, Vaccination, Screening, and Molecular Advances.","authors":"Seyedeh Shahed Shoarishoar, Maedeh Seifollahi Marbini","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2740708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07357907.2026.2740708","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This systematic review evaluated evidence on HPV epidemiology, vaccination, screening, and factors associated with cervical cancer and other HPV-related malignancies. Fourteen heterogeneous studies published between 2010 and 2025 were included. HPV16 remained the most frequently reported genotype, while several studies indicated increasing prevalence of other high-risk genotypes, supporting the potential value of the 9-valent HPV vaccine. Population-based evidence demonstrated reduced cervical cancer incidence among women vaccinated before adolescence. Limited studies also investigated HPV persistence, viral load, microbiome alterations, and vaccine awareness. Considering the small number and diversity of studies, findings should be interpreted cautiously and considered exploratory.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149079706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction and Validation of a Nomogram Model for Predicting Cancer-Specific Survival in Colorectal Cancer Based on the SEER Database.","authors":"Yi Liu, Xiaojun Tang, Zhi Liu, Dandan Li","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2721525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07357907.2026.2721525","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide, and accurate prognostic prediction is essential for individualized prognostic assessment and patient risk communication. The conventional TNM staging system has limited capacity for personalized survival estimation. This study aimed to construct and validate a registry-based nomogram model for predicting 3-year and 5-year cancer-specific survival (CSS) in CRC patients using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from the SEER database (2010-2015), an interval selected to ensure consistent AJCC 7th edition staging and adequate follow-up for 5-year CSS assessment. A total of 45,218 CRC patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into a training cohort (n = 31,653) and a validation cohort (n = 13,565) at a 7:3 ratio. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were performed to identify independent prognostic factors for CSS. A nomogram was constructed based on these factors. Model performance was assessed by concordance index (C-index), time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA), with DCA interpreted as an evaluation of prognostic risk-classification net benefit rather than as evidence for treatment selection.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Eight independent prognostic factors were identified: age at diagnosis, race, marital status, tumor grade, T stage, N stage, M stage, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level. The C-index of the nomogram was 0.783 (95% CI: 0.776-0.790) in the training cohort and 0.771 (95% CI: 0.761-0.781) in the validation cohort, both higher than the AJCC TNM staging system (training: 0.724; validation: 0.716). The absolute C-index improvements over TNM staging were 0.059 and 0.055 in the training and validation cohorts, respectively. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for 3-year and 5-year CSS prediction was 0.812 and 0.794 in the training cohort, respectively, and 0.798 and 0.781 in the validation cohort. Calibration curves demonstrated close agreement between predicted and observed survival probabilities. DCA indicated that the nomogram provided higher net benefit for prognostic risk classification than the traditional TNM staging system across a wide range of threshold probabilities.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The nomogram model incorporating clinicopathological and demographic variables showed higher predictive accuracy than conventional TNM staging for CSS in CRC patients. Because the incremental gains over TNM staging were moderate and the model was developed from registry data without detailed chemotherapy information or molecular biomarkers, including MSI status, this tool should be interpreted only as an adjunct for individualized prognostic assessment and r","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149007712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology and treatment outcomes of bone and soft tissue sarcoma in pediatric and adolescent and young adult patients in Japan: data from population-based National Cancer Registry 2016-2019.","authors":"Yu Toda, Koichi Ogura, Chigusa Morizane, Tomoyuki Satake, Shintaro Iwata, Eisuke Kobayashi, Toshiyuki Takemori, Hiroya Kondo, Shudai Muramatsu, Takahiro Higashi, Akira Kawai","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2723355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07357907.2026.2723355","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This Japanese population-based retrospective study using National Cancer Registry data (2016-2019) revealed age-specific disparities in treatment and outcomes of bone and soft tissue sarcomas in patients under 40 years. A total of 1,209 bone sarcoma (BS) and 3,096 soft tissue sarcoma (STS) cases were analyzed for demographics, treatment modalities, survival rates, and prognostic factors. Osteosarcoma (53%) and Ewing sarcoma (15%) were the most common BS subtypes. Pediatric patients presented more frequently with metastases and received more chemotherapy, while surgery was performed in 80% of BS cases. For STS, fibrosarcoma (19%) and rhabdomyosarcoma (13%) predominated. AYA (adolescent and young adult) patients underwent more surgeries, whereas pediatric patients received more chemotherapy/radiotherapy. Three-year overall survival rates were 67% for BS and 79% for STS. Prognosis was significantly influenced by disease extent and surgical intervention. Age was an adverse prognostic factor for STS but not for BS. This first comprehensive Japanese population-based study demonstrates treatment disparities across age groups in sarcoma care. We revealed that pediatric and AYA sarcoma care in Japan shows clear age-related disparities.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148988089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variations of Blood Concentration Levels of Reactive Carbonyl Species Among Three Case-Control Studies of Breast and Colorectal Cancer.","authors":"Susumu Tomono, Daichi Narushima, Motoki Iwasaki, Taiki Yamaji, Yoshio Kasuga, Shoichiro Tsugane, Noriyuki Miyoshi, Mamoru Kato, Yukari Totsuka, Michihiro Mutoh, Hitoshi Nakagama, Toshio Imai","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2675652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07357907.2026.2675652","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oxidative stress is one of the major causes of cancer. Interactions with proteins and nucleic acids of lipid peroxidation-derived reactive carbonyl species (RCS), which act as secondary signaling intermediates and contribute to oxidative stress signals, are associated with cancer development. The aim of the present study was to identify novel biomarkers for the detection of a high-risk group and/or early disease diagnosis, and to elucidate the roles of RCS on the development of breast and colorectal cancers. In the present study, a comprehensive method was applied for analysis of RCS in plasma/serum samples from three case-control studies of colorectal and breast cancers. In a breast cancer study, RCS with average concentrations > 1000 pmol/mL showed higher levels of pentadecanal, tridecanal, and undecanal compared with controls. On the other hand, in a colorectal cancer study, lower octadecanal were observed, but higher RCS was not observed. Among RCS with average concentration levels of < 1000 pmol/mL, higher concentrations of <i>cis</i>-4-decenal were noted in colorectal and breast cancer studies, suggesting that they may be candidate biomarkers for high-risk groups and/or early diagnosis. Furthermore, variations of blood concentrations of RCS were noted among case-control studies of breast and colorectal cancer. Further studies are required to identify suitable and feasible sampling conditions, storage periods of blood samples, and additional candidates of biomarkers for the detection of high-risk groups and early diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148966525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical, Allied Health, and Research/Advocacy Professionals' Perspectives on Body Image and Support Needs for Young Adults with Cancer; A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Emilia Graham, Abigail Fisher, Caroline Buck, Phillippa Lally, Madison F Vani, Catherine M Sabiston, Catalina Jaramillo Quintero, Nicole Collaço","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2717699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07357907.2026.2717699","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Body image dissatisfaction is a significant concern for young adults with cancer (YAC), yet little is known about the views of clinical, allied health, research, and advocacy professionals who support them. This study aimed to understand their perspectives on body image challenges for YAC, and how best to provide support. Individuals working with YAC were recruited internationally via snowball sampling. Online semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted, and data were analysed using the Framework Method. Thirteen participants were interviewed. Three themes were identified: (1) <i>Constructing meaning around body changes</i>; (2) <i>Engaging with body image support: barriers and facilitators</i>; and (3) <i>Structural constraints and inequities in BI support/care</i>. Participants identified the need for tailored, patient centred care, peer support and better professional training to address BI distress in YAC. Support should be timely, adaptable to individual needs and sustained across the care pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148905060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychosocial and Sociodemographic Factors Associated with Perceived Barriers to Physical Activity in Patients Receiving Chemotherapy.","authors":"William de Lima Selles, Giovanna Marques Frascoli Dos Santos, Giovanna Lopes, Othavio Ferreira, Beatriz Marques Lima, Adriana Claudia Lunardi","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2026.2725030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07357907.2026.2725030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To evaluate associations between psychosocial and sociodemographic factors and perceived barriers to physical activity among hospitalized patients receiving chemotherapy.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 163 patients hospitalized for chemotherapy. Anxiety, depressive symptoms, self-efficacy, and perceived barriers were assessed using validated instruments. Spearman and partial Spearman correlations examined associations between psychosocial variables and perceived barriers, and exploratory analyses examined individual barriers. Multiple linear regression evaluated independent associations with the mean score of the 21-item barrier questionnaire, adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, and self-reported race/color.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most frequently reported barriers were the perception that disease prevented engagement in physical activity, physical limitations, and lack of energy. Overall perceived barriers were positively associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms and inversely associated with self-efficacy. In the multivariable analysis, higher anxiety symptoms, older age, and self-reported Black race/color were independently associated with greater perceived barriers. Depressive symptoms and self-efficacy were not independently associated after adjustment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Perceived barriers to physical activity were common among hospitalized patients receiving chemotherapy. Anxiety, older age, and self-reported Black race/color were independently associated with greater perceived barriers. These findings highlight the importance of individualized approaches addressing physical and psychosocial barriers during cancer treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148905048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}