Cancer Investigation最新文献

{"title":"Evidence-Based Medicine and Complementary and Alternative Medicine - Attitudes and Knowledge of German Medical Students.","authors":"Gianluca Ciarlo, Lena Josfeld, Karsten Muenstedt, Oliver Micke, Jens Buentzel, Bijan Zomorodbakhsch, Michael Klein, Christian Keinki, Jutta Huebner","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2025.2543850","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07357907.2025.2543850","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Usage of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is widespread in the population. Accordingly, knowledge on CAM is important for physicians. To learn more on the knowledge during studying medicine, we conducted a web-based survey using a standardized questionnaire among medical students regarding evidence-based medicine (EbM) and CAM. Yet, while 43% marked that they felt able to define EbM, less than a quarter were familiar with CAM. There is a strong contrast between students' agreement to EbM, and the low self-rating of their competences in EbM. Efforts must be increased to educate medical students in the skills of EbM.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"477-484"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144788367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gene Expression Analysis of Early Stage Changes in Pancreatic Cancer by <i>Kras^G12D</i> Transfer in Pancreatic Progenitor-Like Cells.","authors":"Eiji Yamato","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2025.2543849","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07357907.2025.2543849","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study is to elucidate the function of <i>Kras</i>, which is involved in the development and progression of pancreatic cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We have previously isolated pancreas-derived cells from mice and induced genes expressed in pancreatic ducts and exocrine and endocrine cells by expressing transcription factor genes and a plasmid expressing polyoma ori to create cells with stable foreign gene expression. Comprehensive gene analysis was used to analyze the function of <i>Kras</i> by introducing wild-type <i>Kras</i> and mutant <i>Kras</i> into these cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No changes in cell morphology were observed with wild-type Kras expression, but expression of mutant <i>Kras</i> led to cystic changes. Mutant <i>Kras</i> gene transfer induced the expression of <i>Mus5ac</i> and <i>Cck</i> genes. Gene expression in these cells was detected by microarray analysis, and comparison of gene profiles showed that the genes promoted amoeboid cell assembly and immunosuppression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of these cells will facilitate screening of drugs that block <i>Kras</i> function and elucidate how <i>Kras</i> induces pancreatic cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"467-476"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144793560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunomodulation of the Breast Cancer Microenvironment by Tumor-Derived Exosomes: Implications for Immunotherapy.","authors":"Sepideh Maralbashi, Cynthia Aslan, Houman Kahroba, Mahsa Javadian, Najibeh Shekari, Elham Safarzadeh, Farhad Salari, Tohid Kazemi","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2025.2529878","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07357907.2025.2529878","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exosomes are 30-150 nm extracellular vesicles released by nearly all cells, including tumor cells. Cancer cell-derived exosomes carry various molecular contents - proteins, mRNAs, microRNAs- that are transferred to recipient cells, contributing to cancer development, angiogenesis, metastasis, and immune evasion. Breast cancer-derived exosomes (BEXs) express multiple immunomodulatory molecules, particularly the ectoenzymes CD39 and CD73, which catalyze the conversion of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) into adenosine. Adenosine then binds its receptors (ADORs) to transmit immunosuppressive signals. BEXs also express immune checkpoint molecules such as programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), CD200, and CD47 that suppress immune surveillance through interaction with programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), CD200R, and signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα), respectively. Notably, PD-L1 appears to be more enriched on exosomes than on tumor cell surfaces, underscoring the pivotal role of BEXs in immune regulation. Given their influence on several hallmarks of cancer, BEXs are promising candidates for future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, particularly in immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"412-435"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144793561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Prognostic Significance of the Serum Inflammatory Marker Ratios, Neutrophil-Lymphocyte, Platelet-Lymphocyte and Monocyte-Lymphocyte in Male Breast Cancer.","authors":"Dylan P McClurg, Michael Wong, Kirsty Luo-Yng Tay, Gordon Urquhart, Feng-Yi Soh, Abdalla Saad Abdalla Al-Zawi, Yazan Masannat, Beatrix Elsberger, Valerie Speirs","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2025.2523908","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07357907.2025.2523908","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inflammation contributes to tumorigenesis and can be determined systemically from routine bloods collected through diagnostic workup by quantifying ratios of neutrophils, lymphocytes, platelets and monocytes. Retrospective data from 104 male breast cancer (BC) patients was collected. We measured pre-treatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) and quantitatively evaluated other male BC studies. Prognostic values of NLR and PLR were assessed by overall survival (OS). Elevated NLR (≥3.23) and PLR (≥129.53) were associated with significantly decreased OS. None of the previously reported cutoffs for NLR or PLR were significant when applied to our data. NLR remained associated with worse OS in a quantitative evaluation. Relationship between BMI and pre-operative NLR, PLR, and MLR ratios showed that severely obese patients tended to have higher PLR and MLR values. In conclusion, elevated NLR and PLR were linked to poorer outcomes in male BC. While more precise cut-off values are required to fully understand the potential of these biomarkers in managing BC in men, this study suggests that NLR and PLR may affect prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"391-398"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144820626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overexpression FARSB Reveals Poor Prognosis in Breast Cancer and is Correlated with Immunity.","authors":"Yueming Hu, Ting Liu, Li Tian, Bohai Cao, Jinheng Xu","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2025.2512379","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07357907.2025.2512379","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>FARSB is a β-regulatory subunit of phenylalanine tRNA synthetase. It is reported that FARSB was involved in cancer progression. However, the molecular function of FARSB in breast cancer was unclear. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of FARSB expression and its relationship with immunity in breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Several databases, including TCGA, HPA, and UALCAN database, were applied to study FARSB mRNA and protein expression and its association with aggressiveness in breast cancer. We used immunohistochemical staining (IHC) to study FARSB expression in breast cancer and normal tissues. Chi square test was explored to study the correlation between FARSB expression and clinical features in breast cancer. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression were utilized to discuss the prognosis of breast cancer. Spearman analysis was applied to analyze the association between FARSB expression and immunity. We studied the correlation of FARSB with common breast cancer chemotherapeutic drugs. We conducted GO, KEGG, and GSEA enrichment analysis to study the molecular function of FARSB in breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The TCGA database suggested that FARSB was increased in several cancers, including breast cancer. HPA and UALCAN databases suggested that FARSB protein expression was higher in breast cancer than normal tissues. IHC analysis also confirmed the higher expression of FARSB in breast cancer. FARSB expression had correlation with ER status and PR status. In TCGA database, FARSB expression was related to ER status, PR status, and PAM50. Overexpression FARSB had adverse prognosis, and Cox regression considered FARSB as a prognostic marker. Immunological analysis demonstrated that FARSB was linked with immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoints. High FARSB expression had low TIDE score. In addition, FARSB was linked to drugs, such as 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin, gemcitabine, and paclitaxel. GSEA analysis suggested that FARSB was involved in the pathways, including cell cycle, aminoacyl TRNA biosynthesis, DNA replication, spliceosome, and mismatch repair.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>FARSB was highly expression at mRNA and protein level in breast cancer. Overexpression of FARSB had a poor prognosis in breast cancer. FARSB expression was associated with immunity and acted as a new target for cancer immunological therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"326-336"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144265307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Malignant Melanoma Detection Using Ensemble Model and Improved BIRCH Clustering-Based Segmentation.","authors":"Pavithra G, Palanisamy C","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2025.2502052","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07357907.2025.2502052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The most deadly disease in skin cancers family is melanoma. The color resemblance among melanoma-affected and healthy areas pose significant challenges in early detection.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>An automated localization and segmentation of skin lesions at earlier stages remains challenging. To tackle these issues, a new method is proposed in this research for detecting malignant melanoma.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This proposed strategy comprises five stages namely augmentation, preprocessing, segmentation, feature extraction, and classification. Initially, data augmentation is performed, then median filtering and image enhancement are applied to input image during preprocessing. Subsequently, IBIRCH algorithm is employed for segmentation. Furthermore, color and shape features, statistical features and improved local texton XOR pattern are extracted. Finally, ensemble model (proposed Bi-LSTM, CNN and DBN) is proposed which receives features and intermediate score obtained from each model undergoes improved score level fusion and yields final classification output.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proposed model is evaluated against traditional models and the suggested model achieved superior accuracy of 97.59% and 95.32% on datasets 1 and 2, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The improved performance of proposed model not only outperforms traditional approaches but also paves way for reliable automated early-stage melanoma diagnosis and so reduces life risk of patients due to this early detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"355-390"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144246613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association Between Vulnerability and Taste Changes in Older Cancer Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy.","authors":"Yajun Dong, Jiajia Lu, Danhui Wang, Min Zhu, Liping Teng","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2025.2500495","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07357907.2025.2500495","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to examine the association between taste changes and vulnerability in elderly cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. A cross-sectional study was conducted among older cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy in Wuxi, China. The Chemotherapy-induced Taste Alteration Scale (CiTAS) was used to measure taste alteration. The Vulnerable Elders Survey (VES) was used to measure vulnerability status. The univariate, correlation, and hierarchical regression analyses were applied to assess the association between taste changes and vulnerability. Of 200 older cancer patients, 123 (61.5%) participants were non-vulnerable. The univariate analysis revealed significant distribution differences of vulnerability in education level, smell abnormalities, drinking history, chemotherapy cycle, and taste changes. The level of taste changes was positively correlated with vulnerability (<i>r</i> = 0.401, <i>p</i> < 0.01). Results of the regression analysis indicated that vulnerability in older cancer patients was significantly associated with higher odds of \"phantogeusia and parageusia\" (OR = 4.505, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Taste changes may be an important influencing factor of vulnerability in older cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"283-292"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143966562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Characteristics and Impact on Prognosis of Melanoma Accompanied by Multiple Primary Malignancies: A Retrospective Analysis.","authors":"Huichun Tian, Jiaran Zhang, Lili Mao, Caili Li, Xiaoting Wei, Junjie Gu, Li Zhou, Chuanliang Cui, Zhihong Chi, Xinan Sheng, Jun Guo, Lu Si","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2025.2507113","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07357907.2025.2507113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aims to explore the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with melanoma (MM), which are composed mainly of acral and mucosal MM accompanied by multiple primary tumors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 87 patients diagnosed with single primary MM and 87 patients diagnosed with multiple primary malignant tumors were included. Nonmelanoma malignancy tumor type, genetic testing, and the survival data were collected. Pearson's chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, log-rank test, univariate and multivariate Cox's regression analysis were applied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The most common nonmelanoma malignancies in all patients involved the digestive system; breast cancer, thyroid cancer, lung cancer, and prostate cancer; and breast cancer was more common in patients with acral MM. Mutations in <i>BRAF</i> V600, <i>NRAS</i>, <i>KIT</i>, and <i>TP53</i> were the most common. Univariate analysis revealed that mutations in <i>KIT</i> and elevated levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were potential factors that influenced OS. Multivariate analysis revealed that mutations in <i>NRAS</i> and increased LDH levels were related to worse survival and that survival was prolonged in patients with MM as the first primary tumor.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study preliminarily describes the clinical features and prognosis of patients with melanomas, while the further study with larger sample size is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"305-314"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144126386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Analysis of Slow Transit Constipation and Colorectal Cancer Reveals the Co-Pathogenic Targets and Their Potential Clinical Value.","authors":"Yan Wang, Jiawei Sun, Di Wang, Hongguang Liu, Qing Ma, Shuo Chen","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2025.2506102","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07357907.2025.2506102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Slow transit constipation (STC) is a potential risk of the onset of colorectal cancer (CRC). Thus, the purpose of this work is to focus on the co-pathogenic targets between STC and CRC, meanwhile evaluating their prognostic value for CRC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The miRNA and mRNA data of STC and CRC were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases. The prognostic signature was constructed based on hub genes, which identified using differential expression analysis and LASSO Cox regression analysis. The hub genes were validated employing multiple public databases. Enrichment analysis was employed to elucidate their functions. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier method. Transcription factor binding sites were predicted and verified using FIMO and ChIP-seq database, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified four common key differentially expressed miRNAs of STC and CRC, including hsa-miR-340, hsa-miR-30b, hsa-miR-20b, and hsa-miR-29c (p-value <0.05), and their targets were involved in the CRC's metabolic processes (all p-values <0.05). We developed a prognostic signature based on nine hub genes, and patient prognosis could be predicted employing Risk score = 0.099063054* <i>NOG</i> + 0.074815408* <i>PLD5</i> + 0.003499667* <i>NOVA1</i> + 0.051762032*<i>DTNA</i> + 0.050495722* <i>GPR26</i> + 0.045057094* <i>TNFAIP8L3</i> + 0.097209257* <i>SLC29A4</i>+ (-0.246941474)* <i>CCNJL</i> + 0.039294168* <i>TRABD2B</i>. High-risk patients exhibited significantly poorer prognosis (p-value <0.05). The hub genes <i>CCNJL</i>, <i>NOVA1</i>, <i>PLD5</i>, and <i>SLC29A4</i> were significantly down-regulated targets of hsa-miR-340 in the CRC samples (p-value <0.05). Functional analyses suggested their involvement in immune-related processes (all p-values <0.05). Our exploration of upstream regulators revealed six and one reliable transcription factors for <i>CCNJL</i> and <i>SLC29A4</i>, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study delved into common biomarkers between STC and CRC, and developed a reliable prognostic signature for CRC.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"337-354"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144198263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased Risk of Hyperglycemia in Advanced Urothelial Cancer Patients Treated with Enfortumab Vedotin: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Ryan Cheng, Montek Boparai, Xiaolei Zhu, Shenhong Wu","doi":"10.1080/07357907.2025.2502992","DOIUrl":"10.1080/07357907.2025.2502992","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Enfortumab vedotin, an anti-nectin-4 antibody-drug conjugate, is a key treatment for advanced urothelial cancer. However, hyperglycemia, a major adverse event, varies in incidence and can progress to diabetic ketoacidosis. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantify the risk of hyperglycemia with enfortumab vedotin.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We searched studies published through September 30, 2024. Eligible clinical trials evaluated enfortumab vedotin as a monotherapy or combined with pembrolizumab. Pooled incidence and relative risk of hyperglycemia were calculated using random- or fixed-effects models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven studies with 2,138 patients were included in our analysis. The summary incidence of all-grade hyperglycemia was 10.3% (95% CI: 8.6-12.2%), and high-grade hyperglycemia occurred in 5.7% (95% CI: 4.5-7.1%) of patients. No significant difference was observed between monotherapy and combination therapy (<i>p</i> = 0.16). Enfortumab vedotin significantly increased the risk of all-grade (RR = 16.97, 95% CI: 6.22-48.25, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and high-grade hyperglycemia (RR = 34.78, 95% CI: 4.77-253.43, <i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Enfortumab vedotin is associated with a significantly increased risk of all-grade and high-grade hyperglycemia in urothelial cancer. Its combination with pembrolizumab does not appear to elevate this risk further. Routine glucose monitoring and early intervention should be implemented, particularly in high-risk patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9463,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"293-304"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143983772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}