One health outlook最新文献

{"title":"Advancing One Health surveillance with non-invasive biomonitoring: a review of persistent pesticide exposure assessment using external keratinized animal tissue.","authors":"Meredith Spivak, Charline Rutagengwa, Dawn Zimmerman, Cynthia L Curl, Tara Sabo-Attwood","doi":"10.1186/s42522-025-00184-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42522-025-00184-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>INTRODUCTION: Despite less use today, persistent pesticides remain ubiquitous in the environment, and exposure presents risks for humans, animals, and ecosystems. Biomonitoring persistent pesticides in animals can provide critical information for evaluating shared exposures and risks, information which is currently lacking in One Health surveillance systems. One promising non-invasive option is the use of animal external keratinized tissue. The goal of this review is to examine and summarize the current state of research on the use of external keratinized animal tissues for assessing exposure to persistent pesticides. METHODS: Six databases were searched for articles published between 1950 and 2024 related to the detection of persistent pesticides in animal feathers, hair, and other keratinized tissues. Articles were screened for inclusion, and information such as order, species, sample matrix, country of origin, and methods were summarized. RESULTS: A total of 31 articles were included in this review. Articles were published between 2001 and 2021, and most measured DDT in bird feathers. Feathers most commonly came from live birds in the Strigiformes, Passeriformes, and Falconiformes orders. Carnivorous animals were the most well-studied. The majority of studies used liquid-based phase extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Over half of the studies were conducted in European countries. DISCUSSION: Feathers from apex predators such as those in the Strigiformes, Passeriformes, and Falconiformes orders offer a particular advantage because these birds are especially vulnerable due to their long lifespan, and they also typically have extensive migration patterns and are primarily carnivorous with high trophic levels that account for bioaccumulation and biomagnification. The feathers are also large in size and sampling collection is relatively easy. However, the determination of appropriate species and feather type for analysis is complex, as diet, breeding habits, migration patterns, and molting must be considered. CONCLUSION: The use of feathers and hair from animals for non-invasive biomonitoring of persistent pesticides can offer important information on shared animal, human, and environmental exposures. Although not yet widely implemented, using feathers from apex predators to measure persistent pesticides in animals is becoming more prevalent and is a promising tool for One Health surveillance. </p>","PeriodicalId":94348,"journal":{"name":"One health outlook","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12777023/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145656724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Essential contributions of wildlife health surveillance to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.","authors":"Liz P Noguera Z, Jonathan M Sleeman, Marcela M Uhart, Claire Cayol, François Diaz, Diego Montecino-Latorre, Damien O Joly, Sarin Suwanpakdee, Nicholas A Lyons, Sarah H Olson, Mathieu Pruvot","doi":"10.1186/s42522-025-00182-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42522-025-00182-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In response to the urgent need to protect the environment, economy, and society, the United Nations (UN) developed the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) in 2015. The Sustainable Development Goals expand on the Millennium Development Goals as part of the UN’s broader effort to address global development needs. These goals aim to end poverty and other deprivations by improving health and education, reducing inequality, addressing climate change, and preserving oceans and forests. Protecting wildlife health, which is intrinsically linked to ecosystem health, can enhance socio-ecological resilience and support a sustainable future. Wildlife health surveillance is a vital tool for monitoring and mitigating health hazards and disease risks across species and ecosystems, contributing significantly to human, animal, and environmental health. We have identified comprehensive ways in which wildlife health surveillance activities are essential to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals, particularly: Zero Hunger (SDG 2), Good Health and Well-Being (SDG 3), Clean Water and Sanitation (SDG 6), Decent Work and Economic Growth (SDG 8), Responsible Consumption and Production (SDG 12), Climate Action (SDG 13), Life Below Water (SDG 14), Life on Land (SDG 15), and Partnerships for the Goals (SDG 17). We highlight the importance of investing in and optimizing wildlife health surveillance to advance the global sustainability agenda. Sustainable surveillance systems tailored to local contexts are key to achieving the SDGs.</p>","PeriodicalId":94348,"journal":{"name":"One health outlook","volume":" ","pages":"60"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12679799/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145644268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating neurological expertise into One Health strategies for pediatric neurocysticercosis-associated epilepsy control in Sub-Saharan Africa: a narrative review.","authors":"Franck Katembo Sikakulya, Olivier Kambere Kavulikirwa, Simon Binezero Mambo, Hervé Monka Lekuya, Larrey Kasereka Kamabu, Jeannot Baanitse Munihire, Fatuma Djuma Sonia, Claude Kasereka Masumbuko, Amir Abdallah Mbonde, David Kitya, Patrick Kyamanywa, Amanda Ash, Malcolm K Jones","doi":"10.1186/s42522-025-00176-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42522-025-00176-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Neurocysticercosis (NCC), caused by the larval stage of Taenia solium, is a leading preventable cause of epilepsy in children, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where inadequate sanitation practices and limited veterinary control strategies persist. A missing link in the One Health response to NCC has been the absence of communication between neurospecialists and the other partners in control strategies. This narrative review explores how integrating neurological expertise into One Health strategies can enhance the prevention and control of NCC-associated epilepsy in children across the region. METHODS: We reviewed literature from PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Google Scholar, Embase, Web of Science, Global Health, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and the African Index Medicus, including peer-reviewed articles and organizational reports published between 2013 and March 2025. FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION: Out of 1,509 records screened, 28 studies met the inclusion criteria, focusing on neuroparasitosis-associated epilepsy in children across SSA. These included research on disease burden and care challenges (n = 10), pathogenesis (n = 8), One Health control strategies (n = 4), and implementation barriers and solutions (n = 6). NCC remains a major contributor to pediatric epilepsy and associated disability in SSA. A One Health approach informed by direct input from neuro-specialists and better recording of infectious causes of epilepsy can assist teams to implement key strategies, including community education, improved sanitation, food safety measures, pig vaccination, and mass drug administration. Strengthening intersectoral collaboration and healthcare access is critical to reducing NCC burden and improving neurological outcomes for affected children. </p>","PeriodicalId":94348,"journal":{"name":"One health outlook","volume":"7 1","pages":"58"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12636170/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145566969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of Nipah virus transmission through date palm sap trade in Bangladesh: a qualitative ethnographic study.","authors":"A K M Dawlat Khan, Ariful Islam, Sarah Munro, Pronesh Dutta, Md Arif Khan, Monjurul Islam, Nabila Nujhat Chowdhury, Sharmin Sultana, Maryska Kaczmarek, Shusmita Dutta Choudhury, Tahmina Shirin, Jonathan H Epstein","doi":"10.1186/s42522-025-00181-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42522-025-00181-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nipah virus is an emerging zoonotic pathogen with pandemic potential, primarily transmitted through the consumption of raw date palm sap contaminated with bat excretions. Despite recurring outbreaks in Bangladesh since 2001, limited research has explored sap harvesting and trading practices. This study aimed to understand raw date palm sap collection, trade, and the risk of Nipah virus spillover at the community level in Bangladesh.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative ethnographic study was conducted in two districts of Bangladesh associated with recurrent outbreaks in February 2021 and March 2022. We recorded participant observations and conducted ethnographic interviews with raw date palm sap collectors to gather data on collection, trading practices, and protective measures they used. Data analysis followed a grounded theory approach, identifying themes related to raw date palm sap harvesting and trading.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sap collectors sold raw sap locally and also used social media to reach buyers in other districts, where they could earn higher profits. Our observations and participant reports revealed that large fruit bats, small frugivorous bats, and rodents visited the trees and drank and contaminated raw sap with their excreta. A few sap collectors were aware of Nipah virus and used protection to avoid infection from drinking raw sap. Sap collectors prefer to use non-conventional protective apparatuses like jute bags, plastic bags, and polythene sheets due to the time and resource constraints to protect bats' and rodents' access to date palm trees.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides important insights into the knowledge of Nipah virus and understanding of its transmission in the sap collector communities where outbreaks have occurred. It underscores the need for educational outreach programs to raise awareness and promote protective measures among the stakeholders engaged in raw date palm sap harvesting. Future research should explore raw sap distribution and trading networks in large areas to better characterize the geographies, behavioral, and cultural practices that influence Nipah virus transmission. Culture-sensitive interventions with economic incentives, involving harvesters, local governments, and non-governmental organizations, along with testing the effectiveness of protective measures, are essential to prevent the spillover of Nipah and other bat-borne emerging viruses in Bangladesh.</p>","PeriodicalId":94348,"journal":{"name":"One health outlook","volume":"7 1","pages":"59"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12636189/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145567016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity, equity and inclusion in One Health could crucially support functional health security by fostering prevention, but a change in mindset is needed.","authors":"Claudia Robbiati, Antsa Miarisoa Andriamandroso, Heidi Auerswald, Mónica Berger González, Natalia Cediel Becerra, Maria Grazia Dente, Nguyen Thi Dien, Julie Garnier, Diana Onyango, Tamara Riley, Kim Laura Weiszhar, Andrea Sylvia Winkler, Robyn Alders","doi":"10.1186/s42522-025-00175-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42522-025-00175-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, One Health (OH) has taken the lead as a systems-oriented method to foster transdisciplinary, multisectoral, and multi-actor action to promote global health security. However, operationalizing the OH approach is difficult since it requires equitable collaboration, communication and information sharing. The One Health High-Level Expert Panel's (OHHLEP) definition of OH lists key underlying principles at its core, which align with principles of diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI), and establishes that the application of the definition is incomplete without the adoption of these key principles. In this paper, we argue that, by overcoming the barriers that hamper OH adherence to DEI principles, the operationalization of the OH approach could be significantly enhanced to support global health security. We built on the key underlying principles included in the OHHLEP 2022 definition of OH to map barriers preventing its full-scale implementation and to identify inclusive avenues to promote the compliance of OH with its core principles. A scoping review of the literature and consultations with 10 OH professionals from different disciplinary backgrounds, regions of the world and levels of experience were performed. The barriers to the full adherence of OH to its underlying principles that emerged from this study were grouped into five categories: mindset, behaviors and awareness, conceptual, structural, power dynamics, and governance and implementation. Crucially, the engagement of diverse sectors and disciplines notably the environmental and social sciences; of different actors from communities and young people to donors and OH professionals, including the private sector; and of underrepresented groups, such as Indigenous peoples, farmers, fishers, representatives from low- and middle-income countries, and especially women across these groups, all intimately connected to the drivers of emerging health threats, is not only critical for realizing DEI principles in OH, but also to promote more effective prevention strategies and thus enhance global health security.</p>","PeriodicalId":94348,"journal":{"name":"One health outlook","volume":"7 1","pages":"57"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12604345/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145497946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multidrug antibiotic resistance index and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Escherichia coli in intensive pig farms in Kenya.","authors":"Christine Inguyesi, Moses Olum, Peter Ndirangu, Nathan Langat, Ascah Jesang, Ednah Masila, Esther Wachuka, Ruth Onywera, Dishon Muloi, Linnet Ochieng, Victor Yamo, Kelvin Momanyi, Patrick Muinde, John M Maingi, Monicah Maichomo","doi":"10.1186/s42522-025-00177-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42522-025-00177-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antibiotic resistance is a significant global public health threat, rendering treating human and animal infections difficult, longer and expensive. This study was conducted to determine the antibiotic resistance profiles of Escherichia coli isolated from pig farming environments in selected pig farms around Kenya. Wastewater, the associated sludge, and ground surface boot sock samples were collected from preselected intensive pig farms. A total of 80 samples were collected from 16 intensive pig farms. The samples were cultured, and 112 E. coli isolates were identified using standard microbiological procedures and confirmed by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF MS). Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method against ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, gentamicin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, chloramphenicol, enrofloxacin and cefotaxime. The highest resistance was recorded against ampicillin at 27.7% and the lowest for cefotaxime at 7.1%. Multidrug-resistance was observed for 25.9% of the isolates. There was no significant difference between resistances from the sampling locations. Fisher's exact test conducted to determine the difference between resistance rates of different sample types and the antibiotics tested showed that trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole showed a statistically significant difference (p = 0.003). The isolates had varied multidrug antibiotic resistance (MAR) indices, but the average index was 0.33. The mean MAR index was highest in boot socks samples (0.3 ± 0.3). Kruskal-Wallis test did not find a statistically significant difference between sample type and MAR index. The results suggest that there is potentially high antibiotic exposure in the intensive pig farms that may increase the selection pressure leading to the development and dissemination of antibiotic-resistant E. coli among pig populations. These findings highlight the presence of multidrug-resistant E. coli in intensive pig farm environments, posing a potential risk to humans and the wider environment, which may further compound the public health threat.</p>","PeriodicalId":94348,"journal":{"name":"One health outlook","volume":"7 1","pages":"56"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12604195/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145490963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serologic evidence of orthomarburgviruses and an orthoebolavirus in frugivorous Malagasy bats.","authors":"Marana S Rekedal, Emily Cornelius Ruhs, Hafaliana Christian Ranaivoson, Neil Mittal, Spencer L Sterling, Gwenddolen Kettenburg, Angelo Andrianiaina, Santino Andry, Lianying Yan, Axel T Lehrer, Jean-Michel Héraud, Vincent Lacoste, Philippe Dussart, Cara E Brook, Eric D Laing","doi":"10.1186/s42522-025-00178-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42522-025-00178-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent outbreaks of Marburg virus disease in regions of sub-Saharan Africa without prior record such as Ghana, Tanzania, Equatorial Guinea, and Rwanda challenge the current understanding of areas at-risk for filovirus spillover. The orthomarburgvirus host Rousettus aegyptiacus exists in these regions, and has a sister species, Rousettus madagascariensis, native only to the island of Madagascar. We expand on previous surveillance of frugivorous bats in Madagascar, and detect seroreactivity against an orthoebolavirus antigenically-related to Bundibugyo virus at 1.50-5.06% seroprevalence in Rousettus madagascariensis. Notably, we identify R. madagascariensis as an orthomarburgvirus-host species of interest in Madagascar, the first record of this virus genus on the island. We document seroprevalences of 15.36-29.78% for Ravn virus and 12.55-33.33% for Marburg virus in R. madagascariensis. These findings will guide future biosurveillance efforts to assess filovirus spillover risk in Madagascar.</p>","PeriodicalId":94348,"journal":{"name":"One health outlook","volume":"7 1","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12577238/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145411304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delving into the genome of resurged Shigella dysenteriae Type 1.","authors":"Agila Kumari Pragasam, Goutam Chowdhury, Madhuchhanda Das, Rachana Khati, Asish K Mukhopadhyay, Samaresh Das, Shanta Dutta, Karma Gurmey Dolma, Thandavarayan Ramamurthy","doi":"10.1186/s42522-025-00174-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42522-025-00174-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Gram-negative enteric bacterium Shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 (Sd1) has historically caused several dysentery epidemics but has largely disappeared from the global epidemiological landscape, with the last reported isolate dating back to 2010. In this study, we have recently identified Sd1 from lamb meat in India in 2022, the first detection since 2010 and compared its genetic characteristics with the two clinical Sd1 isolates that were identified in Kolkata in 2010 and other global genomic sequences collected between 1951 and 2011.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>As part of the National ICMR-FoodNet surveillance, this study isolated S. dysenteriae serotype 1 from lamb meat in Sikkim (2022; SKM-823) and compared it with two clinical isolates from Kolkata (2010). Characterization involved biochemical and serological tests, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and whole genome sequencing. SNP-based phylogenetic analysis, MLST, ARGs, and toxin gene detection were conducted for the study isolates against 331 global Sd1 genomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Comparative analysis of Sd1 (SKM-823) with two clinical isolates (IDH-3116 and IDH-3161) exhibited resistance to quinolones, fluroquinolones, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, but were susceptible to azithromycin and cephalosporins. The two clinical Sd1 isolates were resistant to azithromycin. Multi locus sequence typing identified that the clinical isolates belonging to ST5159 and SKM-823 as ST146. Both these STs are mostly represented by the other Asian Sd1 isolates. Several antimicrobial resistance encoding genes (ARGs) have been identified in the Shigella resistance locus-pathogenicity island. Four key toxin genes such as the Shiga toxins-stx1A, stx1B; enteroaggregative heat-stable toxin-astA; and invasion plasmid associated-antigen-ipaH were also identified in SKM-823, IDH-3116 and IDH-3161. The phylogenetic analysis showed clustering of SKM-823 Sd1 isolate and the other clinical isolates (IDH-3116 and IDH-3161) from India within lineage IV, consistent with the other Asian isolates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study finding reveals genomic changes and rising AMR in Sd1, underscoring its potential epidemic implications and the need to strengthen systematic surveillance. With the increasing reports on the incidence of Shigella spp from animals, foods of animal origin and food handlers, Sd1 is becoming a significant concern within the global one health framework. The identification of an epidemic causing S. dysenteriae Type 1 calls for timely action from health authorities to implement targeted interventions and ensure updated medical and policy responses remain updated and responsive.</p>","PeriodicalId":94348,"journal":{"name":"One health outlook","volume":"7 1","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12551276/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145369189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing rapid response mobile laboratory (RRML) capacities in Europe and Africa to improve One Health disease surveillance activities and pandemic preparedness across two continents.","authors":"Anette Trojnacki, Julien A Nguinkal, Jürgen May, Karin Rainer, Georg Gerhard Duscher, Lisa Winkelmayer, Ana Ungureanu, Eva Jaho, Angeliki Vlachostergiou, George Suciu, Cosmina Stalidi, Luminita Marcu, Holger Annus, Kristjan Kamdron, Andry Aasamäe, Martin Groschup, Klaas Dietze, Sascha Knauf, Markus Keller, Kassiani Mellou, Lida Politi, Georg Neubauer, Dražen Ignjatović, Aryse Martins Melo, Johannes R Peham, Muna Affara, Florian Gehre","doi":"10.1186/s42522-025-00180-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42522-025-00180-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Europe and Africa are increasingly affected by (re-)emerging risk group 3 and 4, zoonotic viral disease epidemics, which not only require diagnostic BSL-3/4 laboratory capacity but also a One Health-based control strategy for efficient outbreak containment. In many European and African countries such laboratory capacity is often not readily available, and rapid response mobile laboratories (RRMLs) can play important, complementary roles in outbreak responses and pandemic preparedness activities on national, regional and international level.</p><p><strong>Main body: </strong>The aim of the present review was to assess whether existing European and African RRML infrastructure is prepared for future One Health outbreak responses and to identify potential diagnostic gaps. Based on a literature review (2007-2021), we identified 291 mobile laboratories (Europe: 192, Africa: 99) and assessed them in respect to purpose (e.g. military, civilian), design (suitcase, modular, vehicle mounted), biosafety level, laboratory equipment, diagnostic portfolio, sample types analyzed (human, animal) and quality assurance measures. Following peaks in 2014 (Ebola/West Africa) and 2020 (COVID-19), mobile laboratory numbers have steadily increased. Whilst laboratories were originally designed to diagnose viral haemorrhagic fevers, there has been an increased focus on SARS-CoV-2 since 2020. Recently, there was a shift of African countries to develop an independent mobile laboratory capacity, rather than relying on external support for outbreak responses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We identified key shortcomings of existing laboratories, as the majority only process samples of human origin (not compliant with One Health principles), only 5% have sufficient capacity to diagnose emerging risk group 3/4 (arbo)viruses, 1-10% have accredited quality assurance systems in place, and mobile laboratories are not interconnected to allow concerted national and international responses. Our results reveal the gaps that should be addressed to make future responses to zoonotic, high-consequence pathogens more effective.</p>","PeriodicalId":94348,"journal":{"name":"One health outlook","volume":"7 1","pages":"53"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12548259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145357461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward zoonotic disease transmission among wildlife farmers in Vietnam.","authors":"Ha Thi Thanh Nguyen, Johanna F Lindahl, Steven Lâm, Hung Nguyen-Viet, Sinh Dang-Xuan, Fred Unger, Jiaxin Ling, Åke Lundkvist, Hu Suk Lee, Bernard Bett","doi":"10.1186/s42522-025-00179-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42522-025-00179-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Wildlife farming and trade in Southeast Asia contribute to the growing threat of zoonotic diseases. Despite the diversity of species farmed and the varying levels of risk they may pose, biosecurity practices among wildlife farmers remain underexplored. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of wildlife farmers in Vietnam to inform targeted interventions for zoonotic risk reduction.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A mixed-methods study was conducted among 210 wildlife farmers who raised bats, bamboo rats, civets, and wild boars in Lao Cai and Dong Nai provinces, Vietnam, between October 2023 and March 2024. Quantitative data were collected via structured questionnaires, and qualitative insights were obtained through 30 key informant interviews and two focus group discussions. Linear mixed-effects regression and thematic analysis were applied to explore KAP scores and associated factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Wildlife farmers demonstrated relatively high knowledge (mean score: 10.1/13, 77.7%), positive attitudes (mean score: 41.3/50, 82.6%), and moderate preventive practices (mean score: 14.1/30, 47.0%). Farmers with college or above education had higher knowledge scores (Estimated marginal mean (EMM) = 11.8; 95% confidence interval (CI): 10.2-12.8) compared to those with no formal education (EMM = 7.8; 95% CI: 4.0-11.1). Farmers solely engaged in wildlife farming had lower attitude scores (EMM = 41.7; 95% CI: 37.8-45.0) than farmers who also worked as government employees (EMM = 46.1; 95% CI: 43.3-48.2). Farming bats (EMM = 8.5; 95% CI: 5.8-11.4) had lower practice scores compared to farming civets (EMM = 15.8; 95% CI: 13.0-18.6), and farmers consumed wild meat had lower practice score (EMM = 12.3; 95% CI: 9.5-15.2) than those did not (EMM = 14.5; 95% CI: 11.9-17.0). Qualitative findings revealed that many farmers normalised risky practices, prioritised convenience and personal experience over disease knowledge, and avoided reporting illnesses due to mistrust in veterinary authorities and fear of negative consequences.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights low risk perception and gaps between knowledge and practices among wildlife farmers, underscoring the urgent need for One Health interventions that promote low-cost preventive measures, build trust with authorities, and deliver targeted health education for reducing zoonotic risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":94348,"journal":{"name":"One health outlook","volume":"7 1","pages":"52"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12542223/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145351028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}