控制乌干达黄热病爆发的 "一体健康 "方法建议。

IF 3.8 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Emmanuel Angmorteh Mensah, Samuel Ofori Gyasi, Fred Nsubuga, Walid Q Alali
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引用次数: 0

摘要

黄热病(YF)是一种急性病毒性出血性疾病。乌干达位于非洲黄热病带。2019 年至 2022 年期间,乌干达卫生当局每年至少报告一次黄热病疫情,估计平均每年有 892 例疑似病例。这种疾病的持续复发使人们对当前应对策略和预防方法的有效性产生了极大的担忧。由于 YF 与动物和环境领域相互关联,因此它已被视为 "一体健康 "问题。猴子被认为是病毒的主要储存库。YF病毒通过受感染的伊蚊或血蚊在猴子和人类之间传播。人类活动、猴子健康和环境健康问题(如气候变化和土地使用)影响着乌干达的 YF 发病率。此外,其他热带疾病的疾病控制计划(如疟疾的蚊虫控制计划)也会影响 YF 的发病率。本综述采用 "一体健康 "方法来强调乌干达现有的分段式 YF 控制和预防战略的局限性,包括有限的卫生部门监测、局部地区的疫情应对工作、缺乏全面的疫苗接种计划、相关国家和国际机构之间的合作与交流有限以及病媒控制措施不足。通过 "一个健康 "方法,我们建议成立一个消灭 YF 工作组。该工作组将负责协调消除翼蝇的各项举措,包括实施全面的监测系统、开展大规模的翼蝇疫苗接种活动、整合蚊虫管理策略以及加强风险沟通。预计采用 "统一健康 "方法将降低椰子蝇发病和爆发的风险。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A proposed One Health approach to control yellow fever outbreaks in Uganda.

Yellow Fever (YF) is an acute viral hemorrhagic disease. Uganda is located within the Africa YF belt. Between 2019 and 2022, the Ugandan Health Authorities reported at least one outbreak of YF annually with an estimated 892 suspected cases, on average per year. The persistent recurrence of this disease raises significant concerns about the efficacy of current response strategies and prevention approaches. YF has been recognized as a One Health issue due to its interrelatedness with the animal and environmental domains. Monkeys have been recognized as the virus primary reservoir. The YF virus is transmitted through bites of infected Aedes or Haemagogus species mosquitoes between monkeys and humans. Human activities, monkey health, and environmental health issues (e.g., climate change and land use) impact YF incidence in Uganda. Additionally, disease control programs for other tropical diseases, such as mosquitoes control programs for malaria, impact YF incidence.This review adopts the One Health approach to highlight the limitations in the existing segmented YF control and prevention strategies in Uganda, including the limited health sector surveillance, the geographically localized outbreak response efforts, the lack of a comprehensive vaccination program, the limited collaboration and communication among relevant national and international agencies, and the inadequate vector control practices. Through a One Health approach, we propose establishing a YF elimination taskforce. This taskforce would oversee coordination of YF elimination initiatives, including implementing a comprehensive surveillance system, conducting mass YF vaccination campaigns, integrating mosquito management strategies, and enhancing risk communication. It is anticipated that adopting the One Health approach will reduce the risk of YF incidence and outbreaks.

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