Associations of community knowledge, perceptions, and practices related to zoonotic disease with sociodemographic factors in and around Chiro Town, Eastern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.

IF 3.8 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Abdulaziz Abrahim, Bantayehu Bekele, Muhidin Tahir, Sali Ahmed, Lencho Ahmedin
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Abstract

Background: Zoonoses are infectious diseases that are transmitted from animals to humans. Studying the knowledge, perceptions and practices of communities related to zoonoses and the associated risk factors is crucial for effective control and prevention. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, perceptions, and practices of respondents on zoonoses and the associated risk factors in and around Chiro town, Ethiopia. Zoonotic diseases, such as rabies, anthrax, bovine tuberculosis, and brucellosis, pose a direct threat to health and livelihoods in the communities where they occur. These diseases emerge due to a combination of human-animal interactions, migration, and contact with wildlife and their respective parasites and vectors. Hence, recognizing residents' perceptions, knowledge, and practices is crucial for effectively minimizing risks.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2020 to July 2021 in and around Chiro town using a pretested close-ended questionnaire. A total of 350 respondents were selected using simple random sampling methods. The questionnaire included information on the sociodemographic status of the respondents and questions concerning the knowledge, perceptions, and practices of the participants regarding the selected zoonotic diseases. The associations of knowledge, perceptions, and practices related to zoonoses with zoonotic risk factors were analysed using chi-square tests.

Results: The study revealed that 82.9% of the respondents had knowledge of bovine tuberculosis, followed by knowledge of rabies (80%), knowledge of anthrax (45.1%), and knowledge of brucellosis (24.3%). Males had greater knowledge of bovine tuberculosis (84.8%), followed by rabies (79.8%) and anthrax (48.6%), while females had greater knowledge of brucellosis (23.6%). The most cited source of information was radio (68%). Most respondents mentioned the outbreaks of rabies (62.5%), bovine tuberculosis (53.2%), anthrax (35.6%), and brucellosis (15.7%). Respondents with higher educational levels and urban residents had more knowledge of zoonoses. More than 75% of respondents had a good perception of the transmission of zoonotic disease from animals, and the practice of consuming raw milk or raw/undercooked meat and sharing the same house with animals was high.

Conclusion: The majority of respondents reported that they had knowledge of bovine tuberculosis and rabies, but lower knowledge and perceptions were reported for anthrax and brucellosis. These findings illustrate the need for collaboration among animal, human and environmental health offices in one health approach to prevent and control zoonotic disease.

埃塞俄比亚东部奇罗镇及其周边地区与人畜共患疾病相关的社区知识、观念和做法与社会人口因素的关系:一项横断面研究。
背景:人畜共患病是由动物传染给人类的传染病。研究社区对人畜共通病及相关风险因素的认识、看法和做法,对于有效控制和预防人畜共通病至关重要。本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚奇罗镇及周边地区受访者对人畜共患病及相关风险因素的了解、看法和做法。狂犬病、炭疽病、牛结核病和布鲁氏菌病等人畜共患病直接威胁着所在社区的健康和生计。这些疾病的出现是由于人与动物的互动、迁徙、与野生动物及其寄生虫和病媒的接触等综合因素造成的。因此,了解居民的观念、知识和做法对于有效降低风险至关重要:2020 年 1 月至 2021 年 7 月,我们在奇罗镇及周边地区开展了一项横断面研究,采用的是预先测试过的封闭式问卷。采用简单随机抽样方法,共抽取了 350 名受访者。问卷内容包括受访者的社会人口学状况,以及有关受访者对所选动物传染病的知识、看法和做法的问题。采用卡方检验分析了人畜共患疾病相关知识、看法和做法与人畜共患疾病风险因素之间的关联:研究显示,82.9%的受访者了解牛结核病,其次是狂犬病(80%)、炭疽病(45.1%)和布鲁氏菌病(24.3%)。男性对牛结核病的了解较多(84.8%),其次是狂犬病(79.8%)和炭疽(48.6%),而女性对布鲁氏杆菌病的了解较多(23.6%)。最多人提及的信息来源是广播(68%)。大多数受访者提到狂犬病(62.5%)、牛结核病(53.2%)、炭疽病(35.6%)和布鲁氏菌病 (15.7%)的爆发。受教育程度较高的受访者和城市居民对人畜共患病有更多的了解。超过 75% 的受访者对动物传播人畜共患病有良好的认知,食用生奶或生/未煮熟肉类以及与动物同住一屋的比例较高:大多数受访者表示对牛结核病和狂犬病有所了解,但对炭疽病和布鲁氏菌病的了解和认知程度较低。这些调查结果表明,动物、人类和环境卫生部门之间需要合作,采用统一的卫生方法来预防和控制人畜共患病。
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