Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences最新文献

{"title":"Harnessing Ayurveda in Acute Management of Type 1 Trigeminal Neuralgia: Insights from a Single-Case Report.","authors":"Rohit Arun Waskar, Ashvini Pardhekar, Mayuri Deshpande","doi":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_896_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_896_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Trigeminal neuralgia causes severe facial pain, affecting daily life and leading to anxiety and depression. The latest classification differentiates between primary and secondary forms. Treatments, including anticonvulsants and surgery, have mixed results. Ayurveda links this condition to an excess of Vata dosha in the cranial nerves.</p><p><strong>Aim and objectives: </strong>To discover the potential of Ayurveda in the acute management of Type 1 trigeminal neuralgia.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A 41-year-old woman with intermittent pricking pain and tingling in the right lower jaw was diagnosed with Type 1 trigeminal neuralgia. She received Shamana and Shodhan Chikitsa as per Ayurvedic principles for 15 days.</p><p><strong>Observation and results: </strong>Pain and shock-like sensations decreased, reducing the social fear of pain and improving quality of life. Transient numbness occurred early.</p>","PeriodicalId":94339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences","volume":"16 Suppl 4","pages":"S4078-S4080"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11804994/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143384782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pain Relief and Efficacy of Surgical vs Nonsurgical Management of TMJ Disorders: A Systematic Review.","authors":"D Hima Madhuri, Athira Suresh, Parul Tikoo, Kumar Ankit, P Subham, Aashish Kemmu","doi":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_966_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_966_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) affect the jaw muscles and joints, with treatments ranging from surgery to nonsurgical methods like physiotherapy and medication. A systematic review of studies from January 2020 to May 2024 compared these treatments' effectiveness in relieving pain and improving function. From 7,459 initial records, 18 studies were included, examining interventions like NSAIDs, low-level laser therapy, botulinum toxin A, and occlusal splints. Results varied, highlighting the need for personalized treatment and standardized outcomes to improve patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":94339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences","volume":"16 Suppl 4","pages":"S3071-S3073"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11805231/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143384808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of Case-Based Learning in 1^st-Year MBBS Students -Future of Medical Professionals Learning Methods in Indian Medical Colleges?","authors":"Mandar Vilas Ambike, Jayshree Sachin Kharche, Shraddha Shripad Kulkarni, T Vijaya Sagar, K Vijayakumar, Suresh Babu Kondaveeti","doi":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_923_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_923_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Case Based Learning (CBL) is the best method for correlation of knowledge with clinical scenarios. The present study is planned to implement case-based learning in 1^st-Year MBBS students and find out the perception of the students as a guideline to incorporate this activity in the curriculum.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study was conducted among 1^st-Year MBBS students. The students who consented to participate were divided into 23 groups each containing 5-6 participants. The case along with the reference material was allotted to the groups of students sequentially. Faculty was allotted to each group of students for their help and discussion on the given case. The completed activity was uploaded on Moodle for all the students to go through. After 25 weeks, students' perception of the activity were obtained with the help of validated questionnaire through Google Forms. Data was analyzed in SPSS software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>85% of students felt that CBL helped them understand clinical applications, enhanced problem-solving skills and retention of knowledge. More than 85% of students were comfortable with CBL in terms of relevance to the curriculum, mode of conduction, and development of interest. Over 90% of students mentioned that provided resources and faculty were helpful.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study concludes that successful implementation of case-based learning is possible for 1^st-Year MBBS medical students. Students perceived CBL as a motivating and effective teaching-learning method.</p>","PeriodicalId":94339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences","volume":"16 Suppl 4","pages":"S3449-S3451"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11805160/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143384811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the Potential of Nanoparticles as a New Drug Delivery System for Endodontic Treatment.","authors":"Abdul A K Kader, Sandeep Chandran, K K Ridhun Unnikrishnan, Nikita A Mannur, Anusar Gupta, Savadamoorthi Kamatchi Subramani","doi":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_941_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_941_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The application of nanoparticles in endodontic treatment presents a novel approach to drug delivery, potentially enhancing the efficacy of therapeutic agents.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this study, we synthesized and characterized nanoparticles of chitosan, calcium phosphate, and silver using standard protocols. The nanoparticles were then loaded with an antimicrobial agent, chlorhexidine, and incorporated into an endodontic sealer. The antibacterial efficacy of the nanoparticle-enhanced sealer was tested against <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> using a disk diffusion method. Additionally, the penetration depth of nanoparticles into dentinal tubules was assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The synthesized nanoparticles exhibited a uniform size distribution, with an average diameter of 50 nm for chitosan, 30 nm for calcium phosphate, and 20 nm for silver nanoparticles. The antibacterial tests showed that the nanoparticle-loaded sealer achieved a 40% greater inhibition zone against <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> compared to the control sealer without nanoparticles. SEM analysis revealed that the nanoparticles penetrated dentinal tubules to a depth of approximately 500 μm, significantly more than the conventional sealer.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nanoparticles demonstrate significant potential as a drug delivery system in endodontic treatment, enhancing both the antibacterial efficacy and penetration depth of therapeutic agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":94339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences","volume":"16 Suppl 4","pages":"S3446-S3448"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11805281/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143384841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Bacteriological Trends and Emerging Antimicrobial Resistance among Hospitalized Patients in a Tertiary Care Center, Central India.","authors":"Ankita Dixit, Balvir Singh, Priyanka Chaubey, Ramesh Prasad Agrawal","doi":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1170_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1170_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major health concern worldwide. Knowledge about common hospital organisms and their antibiograms play a crucial role in minimized mortality caused by multidrug resistance organisms (MDROs).</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study determines the bacteriological trends and antibiotic resistance patterns of various clinical samples among hospitalized patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Various clinical specimens were received and processed for culture and identification as per standard operating procedures (SOPs). Antimicrobial susceptibility tests (ASTs) were performed as per standard guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of aerobic bacterial isolates was 31.68%. The most common bacterial isolates were <i>Escherichia coli (E. coli)</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)</i>, <i>Klebsiella species</i>, and <i>Pseudomonas species</i>. The majority of isolates were MDROs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Regular surveillance of MDRO helps in implementing better therapeutic strategies to reduce morbidity and mortality associated with them.</p>","PeriodicalId":94339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences","volume":"16 Suppl 4","pages":"S3634-S3636"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11805320/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143384861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface Precision in Orthodontics: A Comprehensive Analysis of Interproximal Reduction Methods Using Atomic Force Microscopy.","authors":"Abhishek Sinha, Sneha Surendran, Rashme Rashme, Savadamoorthi Kamatchi Subramani","doi":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_737_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_737_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Interproximal reduction (IPR) is a common orthodontic procedure aimed at creating space between teeth for proper alignment.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study is to comprehensively evaluate and compare the impact of three distinct IPR methods on the surface roughness of mandibular teeth using atomic force microscopy (AFM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 128 extracted human mandibular teeth were allocated evenly into three groups: Group A (manual IPR), Group B (rotary-disc IPR), and Group C (laser-assisted IPR). Each group underwent specific IPR procedures, and the surface roughness was evaluated using AFM. The study employed rigorous randomization and precise calibration of instruments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings indicate that Group A (manual IPR) exhibited the smoothest surfaces, while Group C (laser-assisted IPR) demonstrated the highest surface roughness. Statistical analyses revealed significant differences among the groups (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Location-specific analysis highlighted variations across different areas of the interproximal surfaces.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The choice of IPR method significantly influences the surface roughness of mandibular teeth. Manual IPR appears to yield the smoothest surfaces, while laser-assisted IPR may result in increased roughness. These findings have implications for clinical decision-making in orthodontic practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":94339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences","volume":"16 Suppl 4","pages":"S3335-S3337"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11805153/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143384880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Different Obturation Techniques on the Sealing Ability of Root Canal Filling Materials.","authors":"Regula Sri Lakshmi, Bhaskar Das, Apurva Jadhav, Harsha Haridas, Sabari Murugesan, Savadamoorthi Kamatchi Subramani","doi":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1007_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1007_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The performance of root canal filling materials in sealing is crucial for the effectiveness of endodontic procedures as it prevents the escape of microorganisms and guarantees the durability of the treatment.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The present <i>in vitro</i> investigation included the preparation of 90 human single-rooted teeth using a standardized process. These teeth were then randomly separated into three groups (n = 30) according to the obturation technique: Group A (Lateral Compaction), Group B (Thermafil), and Group C (Continuous Wave of Condensation). Furthermore, each group was separated into two subgroups based on the specific kind of root canal filling material employed: Subgroup 1 (Gutta-Percha) and Subgroup 2 (Resilon). The sealing capacity was evaluated using a dye penetration technique, with measurements conducted at three specific time intervals: 24 hours, 1 week, and 4 weeks after the obturation process. Statistical analysis of the data was conducted using analysis of variance and <i>post hoc</i> tests to identify significant differences across groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings showed that the Continuous Wave of Condensation method (Group C) had the lowest dye penetration, with an average depth of penetration of 1.2 mm. The Thermafil technique (Group B) followed closely with a penetration depth of 1.8 mm, while the Lateral Compaction technique (Group A) achieved a penetration depth of 2.5 mm. In terms of sealing ability, Gutta-Percha demonstrated superior performance compared to Resilon, achieving average penetration depths of 1.5 mm and 2.0 mm, respectively. Statistical analysis showed statistically significant differences between the groups (<i>P</i> < 0.05), with the Continuous Wave of Condensation approach utilizing Gutta-Percha showing the highest level of sealing effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, the Continuous Wave of Condensation approach showed a substantial improvement in the sealing efficacy of root canal fillings when compared to the Lateral Compaction and Thermafil procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":94339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences","volume":"16 Suppl 4","pages":"S3568-S3570"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11805263/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143384883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Triglyceride-Glucose Index and its Relationship to Erectile Dysfunction in Subjects without Heart Disease.","authors":"Sudeep Jayaram, S Santhosh, Nikhil Vaidya, Arifa Bakerywala, Harsh Anadkat, Heena Shaikh","doi":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1395_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1395_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study primarily focused on evaluating the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index in patients experiencing erectile dysfunction (ED) and examining its potential role as a predictive tool in diagnosing ED.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study involved a cohort of 50 patients diagnosed with erectile dysfunction, forming the study group, alongside 50 individuals exhibiting normal sexual function, who served as the control group. The assessment of erectile function was conducted using the International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) questionnaire. All participants underwent the calculation of the TyG index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The examination indicated that there were no notable disparities between the two groups regarding smoking rates, alcohol intake, or measurements of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, haemoglobin, creatinine levels, and leukocyte and platelet counts. Individuals experiencing erectile dysfunction were found to be older and exhibited significantly higher levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, glucose, triglycerides, and the TyG index compared to the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>I n patients with erectile dysfunction, the TyG index-a simple test for insulin resistance (IR) -was found to be predictive.</p>","PeriodicalId":94339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences","volume":"16 Suppl 4","pages":"S4034-S4036"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11805102/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143384946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leukemia's Wake-Up Call - A Case Report of a Patient's Journey.","authors":"Ryon Sam, Ann Maria Pappachan, Jasmine Podimon, Sunil Mathew, Anees Ahammed, Ashna Sara Mathew","doi":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1208_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1208_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 26-year-old male complained of fever, right neck swelling, anorexia, and weight loss for 4 months. The patient noticed a right swelling in the root of the neck that progressed from 1 × 1 cm to 5 × 6 cm. We reported a Kikuchi-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) case. Three 3 × 3 cm lymph nodes were found in the right cervical area at IIB and III levels, firm, mobile, and nontender. Petechiae and purpura on the left upper limb, wet purpura on the palate, a positive Hess test, and temperature spikes were present. The patient is responding well to ALL treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":94339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences","volume":"16 Suppl 5","pages":"S4893-S4895"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11888683/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Anti-<i>ESKAPE</i> Potential of <i>Valeriana Officinalis L</i>. Extract against Healthcare-Associated Infections in Tertiary Hospitals of Al-Kharj Governorate: An <i>In Vitro</i> Study.","authors":"Mohammed S Khan, Md Nadeem Bari","doi":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1253_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1253_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) caused by <i>ESKAPE</i> pathogens are a significant concern in tertiary hospitals worldwide, including those in Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to explore the bioactive compounds from <i>Valeriana officinalis</i> and evaluate their antimicrobial activity against <i>ESKAPE</i> pathogens.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Methanolic extracts of the <i>Valeriana officinalis</i> stem were prepared and subjected to phytochemical analysis, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and antimicrobial testing using the well-diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and cytotoxicity (MTT assay) were also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The extract contained several major phytochemicals with significant activity against <i>ESKAPE</i> pathogens. The MIC values were 50 mg/mL for <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>, and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, 100 mg/mL for <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, and 25 mg/mL for <i>Escherichia coli</i>. The MBC values were 25 mg/mL for <i>Escherichia coli</i> and 100 mg/mL for the other <i>ESKAPE</i> pathogens.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The methanolic extract of <i>Valeriana officinalis L</i>. demonstrated potent antimicrobial activity, with relatively low MIC and MBC values against <i>ESKAPE</i> pathogens responsible for HAIs.</p>","PeriodicalId":94339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences","volume":"16 Suppl 5","pages":"S4649-S4654"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11888659/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}