Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences最新文献

{"title":"Investigating the Efficacy of Nano Bioactive Glass in Promoting Enamel Remineralization and Inhibiting Demineralization: An <i>In Vitro</i> Study.","authors":"Syed Yasir Qadiri, Malik Mahmud Iqbal Hossain, Bushra Irum, Mohammed Naseer Almobti, Majid Ahmad Abdullah Magbool, Mohammed Hussain Mahdi Al Hutaylah","doi":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1934_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1934_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study evaluated the effectiveness of nano bioactive glass 45S5 in promoting enamel remineralization and inhibiting demineralization, comparing it to traditional fluoride varnish and CPP-ACP treatments.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Forty-five freshly extracted human permanent premolar teeth were sectioned and exposed to a demineralization solution for 48 hours. The teeth were then treated with fluoride varnish (Group I), CPP-ACP paste (Group II), or nano bioactive glass 45S5 paste (Group III) for 10 days. Vickers microhardness was measured at three time points: baseline, postdemineralization, and postremineralization. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, followed by <i>post hoc</i> tests for pairwise comparisons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences in enamel hardness were observed across all treatment groups at baseline (<i>P</i> < 0.001). After demineralization, Group III (bioactive glass) exhibited the highest postdemineralization hardness (<i>P</i> = 0.050). Post remineralization, Group III demonstrated the highest hardness (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bioactive Glass 45S5 showed superior remineralization and demineralization inhibition compared to traditional fluoride varnish and CPP-ACP treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":94339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences","volume":"17 Suppl 1","pages":"S495-S497"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12156770/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolated Single Umbilical Artery and Histomorphometric Changes of Umbilical Blood Vessels in Intrauterine Growth Retarded Foetus in Comparison to Normal Neonates.","authors":"Dinesh Kumar, Jagdish S Soni","doi":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_543_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_543_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Three vessels-one vein and two arteries-allow the fetus and placenta to exchange waste, oxygen, and nutrients in the umbilical cord. Single umbilical artery (SUA), a congenital abnormality with one umbilical artery, can occur in some pregnancies.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The current observational study was conducted at the Parul Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Waghodia, Vadodara, Gujarat. Ten percent formalin was used to preserve 5 cm segment of the placental cord after delivery. Paraffin-embedded slices were produced, and H and E staining was performed on a 3 μm segment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study compared 125 normal and 125 intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) infant umbilical cords. IUGR neonates had significantly thinner umbilical vessel walls than normal newborns, although their cross-sectional area was similar between sexes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The thickness of umbilical cord blood arteries affects IUGR, according to this study. These large vessel wall thickness changes may indicate IUGR or associated disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":94339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences","volume":"17 Suppl 1","pages":"S770-S773"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12156640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Combined Effects of Tobacco and Diabetes on Periodontal Health Outcomes in India: A Longitudinal Cohort Study.","authors":"Anuj Singh Parihar, Jay T Patel, Ameer A A Shaik, Niva Mahapatra, Pradeep Adatrow, Rashmi Laddha, Miral Mehta","doi":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_159_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_159_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recognized as a major dental issue, periodontal disease is a dental health challenge that requires due attention due to its dire health consequences. Periodontitis has two notable risk factors: smoking and diabetes; however, there is an evident gap in existing studies in understanding their combined effect on the periodontal health of the Indian population. This longitudinal study investigates the independent and interactive effects of tobacco and diabetes on periodontal health in an Indian cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A representative sample of 800 adults, aged 30-60 years participated in this study. Baseline data were collected through clinical examinations (including periodontal probing depths, clinical attachment loss, bleeding on probing), structured interviews (assessing tobacco use habits and medical history), and blood tests (for HbA1c levels to determine diabetic status). Follow-up assessments were conducted at one-year intervals for a period of five years. Data were analyzed using SPSS to perform regression analyses to assess the associations between tobacco use, diabetes, and periodontal health outcomes, adjusting for potential confounders, such as age, gender, socioeconomic status, and oral hygiene practices.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of tobacco use in the study population was 35%, while 15% of participants had diabetes. Both tobacco use and diabetes were independently associated with increased risk of periodontitis (OR = 2.5 for tobacco users, 95% CI: 1.8-3.4; OR = 3.1 for diabetics, 95% CI: 2.1-4.5). Individuals with both tobacco use and diabetes exhibited significantly worse periodontal health outcomes compared to those with neither risk factor (OR = 4.8, 95% CI: 3.2-7.2).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights the detrimental impact of tobacco use and diabetes on periodontal health in India.</p>","PeriodicalId":94339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences","volume":"17 Suppl 1","pages":"S544-S546"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12156678/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery: Transformative Approaches and Future Directions.","authors":"Damini Dilip Salunke, Sunil Thitame, Ashwini Aher","doi":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1770_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1770_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The most strategic weapon in drug discovery in the recent past has been artificial intelligence (AI)-bringing new approaches to one of the toughest areas of the pharmaceutical industry. Various AI approaches such as DL and ML methods utilized in various stages of drug discovery and development including but not limited to virtual screening and target identification are also discussed here. Employing this approach, this review looks at AI programs and platforms that exist in drug discovery today in a bid to outline what a future with AI in this field has in stock. In addition to this, this review does not only give a momentary state of the state of affairs of the AI in the space, but also briefly discusses what is in store next, along with the drawback and the opportunity more so from this perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":94339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences","volume":"17 Suppl 1","pages":"S52-S54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12156605/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of 3D Printing and CAD/CAM Technology on Orthodontic Treatment Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Navin Anand Ingle, Hashim Al-Hashimi, Arwa Tawfiq Alhammad, Hadeel Abdullah Aldajani, Nisrin Fouad Alabsi, Nada Ahmed Albuolayan","doi":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_639_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_639_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Three-dimensional (3D) printing and computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology in orthodontics have enabled digital workflows, enabling greater treatment efficiency, accuracy, and clinical use. Comparative analysis with traditional methods has provided variable results, and systematic review of their effects on orthodontic treatment outcomes is therefore warranted. Systematic review and meta-analysis, according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, were performed to evaluate the effects of 3D printing and CAD/CAM technology on orthodontic outcomes. Eligible studies that compared digital workflows, treatment efficiency, accuracy of custom-made appliances, mechanical and esthetic properties, and clinical usability were included. The accuracy of 3D-printed orthodontic models was comparable with that of traditional plaster models (mean difference (MD) = 0.12 mm; 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.08 to 0.32; I² = 72%). CAD/CAM-manufactured aligners were more retentive and better adapted compared with traditional thermoformed aligners. Treatment time was significantly shorter using digital workflows (MD = -2.76 months; 95% CI: -4.15 to -1.37; I² = 88%). 3D printing and CAD/CAM technology demonstrated strong benefits in accuracy, efficiency, and clinical feasibility in orthodontic treatment. While digital workflows effectively streamlined treatment processes and enhanced appliance accuracy, material properties and long-term performance required optimization.</p>","PeriodicalId":94339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences","volume":"17 Suppl 1","pages":"S226-S228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12156753/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating the Vaginal Milieu During Perimenopause: A Narrative Review of Physiological Changes and Clinical Implications.","authors":"Megha Tiwari, Neema Acharya, Manjusha Mahakarkar","doi":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1493_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1493_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Perimenopause represents a transitional phase in a woman's life, marked by significant hormonal and physiological changes that profoundly impact the vaginal milieu. These changes can lead to a variety of symptoms, collectively known as genitourinary syndrome of menopause, affecting a woman's sexual health, quality of life, and overall well-being. This narrative review aims to explore the underlying physiological alterations in the vaginal environment during perimenopause, their clinical implications, and current therapeutic approaches. By highlighting the challenges and emerging strategies in managing these changes, this review provides insights into personalized treatment options for improving women's health during this crucial period.</p>","PeriodicalId":94339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences","volume":"17 Suppl 1","pages":"S92-S95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12156567/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orthodontic Treatment Combined with Surgical Intervention for Management of Impacted Maxillary Permanent Central Incisors: A Case Series.","authors":"Kasturi Mukherjee, Poulomi Roy, Vikrant Omprakash Shetty, Prakash Banerjee, Shyamal Bar","doi":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_400_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_400_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Impacted maxillary central incisors prevalence is uncommon. This has a substantial impact on the patient's self-esteem and aesthetic issues. A successful orthodontic resolution requires a combination of surgical exposure, bracket attachment, and extrusion. The surgical orthodontic method is the best option for treating impacted maxillary central incisors. In this case series, three patients with central incisor impaction reported missing teeth and unaesthetic appearance. All the cases were treated with surgical exposure, followed by orthodontic traction to restore smiling aesthetics.</p>","PeriodicalId":94339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences","volume":"17 Suppl 1","pages":"S1042-S1045"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12156536/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Occurrence of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease among Individuals with Diabetes Mellitus: A Comparative Study.","authors":"Ashay Shah, Arifa Bakerywala, Riya N Brahmbhatt, Heena Shaikh, Nidhi Shashikant Bhutak, Renu Singh","doi":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_2016_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_2016_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This research aimed to investigate the occurrence and trends of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>During the course of the study, a total of 100 patients with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus were enrolled by researchers, adhering to defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The diagnosis of NAFLD was confirmed via ultrasonography, which revealed a bright liver appearance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ultrasonography analysis revealed that 50% of the patients were diagnosed with fatty liver, leading to their classification in group A. The remaining patients, who exhibited no signs of fatty liver, were assigned to Group B. Group A exhibited significantly higher levels of serum AST, serum ALT, and serum alkaline phosphatase in comparison to Group B. Group B showed an elevated Serum AST/ALT ratio when compared to group A.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The rising rates of obesity are increasingly linked to a surge in conditions such as type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, has rendered the management of these patients more complex than ever. Clinicians must recognize the extrahepatic manifestations associated with NAFLD, as early identification of T2DM is crucial for effectively managing these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":94339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences","volume":"17 Suppl 1","pages":"S767-S769"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12156554/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological Stress among Dental Students in Lucknow.","authors":"Anuj Mishra, Nazish Khan, Abhishek Sinha, Sunita Srivastava, Kavleen K Sethi, Varanasi Haripriya","doi":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1733_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1733_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dentistry is regarded as a high-stress profession because to a demanding curriculum that consumes the majority of students' daylight hours. Dental schools are believed to be tough and stressful learning environments. Students consequently have very little time to rest.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study's objective was to examine the connection between psychological stress, its causes, and identified stressors for undergraduate dental students during the 2021-2022 academic year.</p><p><strong>Methods and material: </strong>Interns and students in the first to fourth years were also encouraged to participate in the questionnaire survey. Dental Environment Stress (DES) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) were used to collect data on demographic and social backgrounds, along with lifestyle choices.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this research, 450 students completed the questionnaires, achieving a response rate of 74 percent. Students displayed notable psychological stress, with 70 percent surpassing the score threshold of 3 on the GHQ-12. Women had a higher level of stress than men, which was statistically significant at <i>P</i> = 0.05.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although stress seems to be a fundamental aspect of dental education globally, our research has shown that undergraduate students encounter shockingly high stress levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":94339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences","volume":"17 Suppl 1","pages":"S583-S585"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12156621/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Antimicrobial Peptides in Periodontal Health and Disease-A Review.","authors":"Ruchita T Patil, Prasad V Dhadse, Anand N Wankhede, Sanehi D Punse","doi":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1668_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1668_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Periodontitis is an inflammatory condition that results from the interaction between the host immune system and periopathogens, which leads to the development of periodontal attachment loss, periodontal pocket, and resorption of the alveolar bone. With advances in scientific research on antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), they play a crucial role in modulating immune response as well as act as antimicrobials. This review is focused on the role of AMPs in maintaining the periodontal health.</p>","PeriodicalId":94339,"journal":{"name":"Journal of pharmacy & bioallied sciences","volume":"17 Suppl 1","pages":"S172-S174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12156665/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}