The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants最新文献

{"title":"In the Matter of Hammers and Nails.","authors":"Clark M Stanford","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94230,"journal":{"name":"The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants","volume":"40 1","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alteration of Keratinized Mucosa Dimensions in the Early Healing Period After Implant Placement: A 6-Month Prospective Study.","authors":"Ji Hye Kim, Mi-Seon Goh, Ju-Hyup Song, Moontaek Chang","doi":"10.11607/jomi.10912","DOIUrl":"10.11607/jomi.10912","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the alteration in keratinized mucosa (KM) dimensions during the early healing period after implant placement and the influence of the variables measured during implant surgery on KM alteration.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study participants were consecutively recruited from patients who had received implants following a nonsubmerged surgical protocol. The implant had to be placed in an extraction socket that had healed for more than 6 months without any soft or hard tissue augmentation. Keratinized mucosa width (KMW), keratinized mucosa thickness (KMT), soft tissue level (STL), and probing pocket depth (PPD) were all measured at implant placement as well as at 3 and 6 months after implant surgery. The influence of these variables measured during implant surgery on the 6-month KMW alteration was assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 66 implants in 55 patients who completed the follow-up examination after 6 months were included in this study. KMW, KMT, and STL significantly decreased at the 3- and 6-month follow-ups by 0.7 to 1.2 mm. KMW decreased by 24.6%. Mesial PPD significantly increased between the 3- and 6-month follow-ups. In the multivariate generalized estimating equations (GEE) analysis, the implant diameter negatively influenced KMW alteration at the 6-month follow-up, but the KMW at implant surgery was positively influenced at the 6-month KMW alteration follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The KMW decreased significantly at the 3- and 6- month follow-ups after implant placement. If the initial KMW was wider, the KMW decreased more at 6 months after implant placement. Therefore, it is important to carefully monitor KMW alterations during the early healing period to ensure optimal esthetics and peri-implant tissue health.</p>","PeriodicalId":94230,"journal":{"name":"The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants","volume":"0 0","pages":"83-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140905164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survival Analysis up to 8 Years of 304 Anatomical-Contour Implant-Supported Zirconia Crowns Fabricated with a Fully Digital Cast-Free Workflow and Directly Screwed on External Hexagonal Implant Connections Without the Interposition of a Ti-Base: A Multicentric Retrospective Study.","authors":"Johannes H Schmitz, Marco Valenti, Alessandro Valenti, Davide Cortellini, Angelo Canale","doi":"10.11607/jomi.10898","DOIUrl":"10.11607/jomi.10898","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the real-life clinical results of monolithic zirconia (Zr) screw-retained crowns without the interposition of a titanium base (Ti-base) on external hex implants fabricated from intraoral scans and a cast-free approach in private practice.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Single external hex implants were restored with monolithic Zr crowns without the interposition of a Ti-base. The crowns were directly screwed on the external hex implant connections with a cast-free, fully digital workflow. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Kaplan-Meier test. Between September 2022 and March 2023, the California Dental Association's modified criteria were adopted for the present clinical evaluation after recalling all patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 304 single-tooth restorations in the maxillary and mandibular posterior regions were fabricated between July 2014 and July 2022 in 252 patients (120 males and 132 females, mean age: 53.6 years; SD: 23.3). Seven crowns were excluded because of patient dropout. The most common minor technical complications were screw loosening (three crowns) and loss of the screw access hole filling (three crowns). There were four failures, including two implant failures with mobility and two fractured crowns. No screw or implant fractures were recorded. The overall cumulative survival rate was 98.6%, and the average success rate (crowns experiencing no failures or complications) was 96.0%. The mean overall survival time was 101.3 months (standard error: 0.847; 95% CI for the mean, 99.67-102.99). The overall survival probability was 87.9% up to 97 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>With careful case selection and a comprehensive periodontal maintenance program, single crowns that were directly screwed onto an external hex platform showed excellent survival and success rates that were comparable to available data regarding single crowns with a Ti-base prosthetic interface.</p>","PeriodicalId":94230,"journal":{"name":"The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants","volume":"0 0","pages":"21-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140878307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors for the Stability of Secondary Orthodontic Miniscrews Following Initial Insertion Failure.","authors":"Yilin Xin, Yeke Wu, Lixing Zhao","doi":"10.11607/jomi.10740","DOIUrl":"10.11607/jomi.10740","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To examine the variables that influence the stability of secondary orthodontic anchoring miniscrews after the occurrence of initial placement failure.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 100 miniscrews were reinserted in 71 patients who experienced primary insertion failure. The analysis considered 15 independent variables related to systemic factors and site characteristics. The success rate and risk factors associated with reinsertion were assessed using univariate analyses (chi-square test for categorical variables and Mann-Whitney U test for continuous variables) and a correlation analysis (Spearman correlation analysis to exclude variables that might cause interference in a multivariable model). Significant parameters from the univariate analyses were then integrated into a generalized estimating equation (GEE) model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The success rate of reinsertion was 66.00% (66/100), and the cancellous bone density and the patient's age had a strong correlation with the stability of reinserted miniscrews.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study indicates that younger patients with miniscrews reinserted in areas with high cancellous bone density are more likely to experience instability. This finding warrants careful consideration by orthodontists when performing miniscrew reinsertion procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":94230,"journal":{"name":"The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants","volume":"0 0","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142335527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomechanical Effects of Titanium and Carbon Fiber- Reinforced PEEK as Dental Implant Materials: A Finite Element Analysis.","authors":"Engin Ediboğlu, Sıdıka Sinem Akdeniz, Esra Beyler","doi":"10.11607/jomi.10954","DOIUrl":"10.11607/jomi.10954","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To examine and compare peri-implant bone stress under the occlusal forces of 30% carbon fiber-reinforced polyetheretherketone (Cfr-PEEK), 60% Cfr-PEEK, and titanium (Ti) materials for dental implants through finite element analysis (FEA).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Single-tooth implants made of 30% Cfr-PEEK, 60% Cfr-PEEK, and Ti were modeled in the maxillary anterior, maxillary posterior, and mandibular posterior regions. As a result of the applied vertical and oblique forces, von Mises stresses-including the maximum principal stress values, minimum principal stress values, and stress distributions in the implant-in the cortical bone and cancellous bone of each model were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 30% Cfr-PEEK implants' stress in the surrounding bone was higher than that in the Ti and 60% Cfr-PEEK implants. The 60% Cfr-PEEK material displayed a lower stress distribution on both cortical and cancellous peri-implant bone in all models.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Ti and 60% Cfr-PEEK implants were found to distribute stresses to bone more homogeneously than the 30% Cfr-PEEK implants. Overall, oblique forces had a more destructive effect than vertical forces, and denser bone structures showed better stress distribution against incoming forces.</p>","PeriodicalId":94230,"journal":{"name":"The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants","volume":"0 0","pages":"33-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141474194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative Evaluation of Surface and Elemental Changes in Stainless Steel and Titanium Orthodontic Miniscrew Implants: A Multiarm Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Aditya Talwar, Shweta R Bhat, Isha Duggal, Rakesh Kontham","doi":"10.11607/jomi.10895","DOIUrl":"10.11607/jomi.10895","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare and quantify the surface changes seen in two of the most commonly used orthodontic miniscrew implants (MSIs) after their clinical use.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In total, 40 MSIs (20 titanium [Ti] and 20 stainless steel) were retrieved from the maxillary arch of 20 patients (13 females and 7 males) after their intended use. The patients were 18 to 27 years old (mean age = 22.4 ± 3.83 years). As-received MSIs were used as the control. All the MSIs were analyzed under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) (Evo 18, Zeiss) for the characterization of their morphologic condition, including blunting of tip, surface defects, and corrosion. Furthermore, an energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) microanalysis was carried out to study the changes in surface characterization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When captured using the SEM, the new Ti and stainless steel MSIs demonstrated a relatively smooth surface with no surface defects. However, the retrieved Ti and stainless steel implants showed a statistically significant increase in surface defects (both corrosion and cracks). The retrieved Ti MSIs (115.31 ± 24.38 μm) showed four times more blunting compared to the retrieved stainless steel MSIs (29.74 ± 8.56 μm), with the latter showing two to three times more surface corrosion.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The clinical usage of MSIs had pronounced effects on both the Ti and stainless steel MSI alloys in terms of changes in the surface characteristics. While stainless steel MSIs are more susceptible to surface corrosion, Ti MSIs exhibit greater alterations in the form of tip blunting and cracks in the screw threads.</p>","PeriodicalId":94230,"journal":{"name":"The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants","volume":"0 0","pages":"9-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140960812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Assessment (5- to 19-Year Follow-up) of the Incisal- Level Changes in Single Implants Placed in the Anterior Maxilla: An Observational Clinical Study.","authors":"Iloéia Pontes Domingues Daher Padovezi, Daiane Peruzzo, Juliana Campos Hasse Fernandes, Gustavo Vicentis Oliveira Fernandes, Júlio César Joly","doi":"10.11607/jomi.10937","DOIUrl":"10.11607/jomi.10937","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the occurrence, incidence rate, and esthetic impact of facial growth in adult patients who need a single implant rehabilitation in the central incisor area to assess the influence of time on changes in the incisal level.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Patients were included if they received a single implant in the maxillary central incisor site, were at least 19 years old at the time of placement, and had natural adjacent teeth. Standardized images were obtained to evaluate the presence and incidence of incisal linear changes. All rehabilitations followed the same standard of reconstruction, while always keeping the mimetics of the homologous and adjacent tooth the same to provide the same incisal level and achieve the best esthetics for all patients. Thus, at implant placement (T0), the incisal-level difference between the crown and the adjacent tooth was zero. Any modifications in the incisal levels from 1.0 mm of difference were registered. This measurement of 1.0 mm was the cutoff mark because it permits easy observation of a difference, either by the dental professional or the patient. The data obtained were analyzed and correlated statistically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 56 patients and 56 implants were included (age range: 23-63 years; average age: 40.79 ± 12.25 years) in this study. Incisal-level alterations between the tooth and implant were found and had an incidence rate of 19.6%. The study had an average follow-up of 10.7 ± 3.37 years. All implants evaluated had stability and healthy peri-implant tissue conditions throughout the followup period, with a 100% survival rate. There was no statistically significant prevalence of incisal-level changes between males (19%) and females (20%) (P = .238); the incidence rate was 41.7% for patients between 20 and 30 years old, 13.3% for patients between 31 and 40 years old, 23.7% for patients between 41 and 50 years old, and 6.3% in the group over 50 years old; note that there were no statistically significant differences (P = .118) among different age groups. Similarly, no statistically significant difference was observed (P = .262) comparing the number of clinical cases in each subgroup with and without change in the incisal level.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Changes in the incisal level of maxillary anterior crowns retained by single implants in adult patients were present in 19.6% of the cases evaluated. This prevalence was not influenced by sex or age group; however, it was observed more often in dental implant cases with longer follow-ups.</p>","PeriodicalId":94230,"journal":{"name":"The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants","volume":" ","pages":"33-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142044281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of Dental Implant Failure with Obesity.","authors":"Shayla C Steeds, Miao Xian Zhou, Ravindra Ganesh, Chad M Rasmussen, Alan B Carr, Scott F Gruwell","doi":"10.11607/jomi.10783","DOIUrl":"10.11607/jomi.10783","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To measure the association between dental implant failure and obesity.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was performed to investigate the association between implant failure and obesity. The time to implant failure and other covariates of interest were studied, including sex, history of periodontal disease, and smoking. A consecutive series of implant patients were studied from January 1, 2000, through September 30, 2021, in the Department of Dental Specialties at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. Obesity was measured through the patient's body mass index (BMI), which was calculated from their height and weight closest to the date of implant placement (within 12 months). They were then categorized as 'not overweight or obese' (BMI ≤ 24.9), 'overweight' (BMI 25.0 to 29.9), or 'obese' (BMI ≥ 30). Kaplan-Meier models were compared using a log rank test to assess the associations of demographic and systemic conditions with implant failure. Survival curves and hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated at the implant level separately from BMI, sex, and smoking.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The sample included 6,241 patients who received 16,921 implants. The mean age was 54.43 years (SD: 17.04), and 42.7% of the patients were male. A total of 5,847 implants were placed in 2,161 patients categorized as 'obese,' with 327 implants failing in 171 patients. BMI status was not found to be a risk for implant failure in the population or setting studied (HR: 0.97; 95% CI 0.82-1.15; P value = 0.44). Current smokers (P < .0001) and males (P = .015) were significantly associated with implant failure.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Obesity was not shown to be associated with an increased risk of implant failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":94230,"journal":{"name":"The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants","volume":"40 1","pages":"76-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Retrospective Multicentric Study of 52 Nasal and Transnasal Implants in 31 Severely Atrophic Patients to Reduce Anterior Cantilever Bending in Full-Arch Implant-Supported Fixed Rehabilitations.","authors":"Federico Gelpi, Christian Alberti, Daniele De Santis, Marco Bevilacqua, Federica Mellone, Tiziano Tealdo","doi":"10.11607/jomi.10921","DOIUrl":"10.11607/jomi.10921","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the feasibility and success rate of nasal or transnasal implants placed in patients who were affected by severe maxillary anterior atrophy with residual anatomical features that indicate this surgery.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this retrospective multicentric study, 52 nasal or transnasal dental implants were placed in 31 maxillary atrophic anterior sites (Cawood and Howell's class V/VI). All implants were successful after the healing period; 27 nasal implants reached an insertional torque ≥ 50 Ncm2, and the threshold value was estimated to be able to support an immediate load.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All 52 implants were successful, so the proportion of success was 100%, with a 97.5% one-sided CI of 88.8% to 100%. The success rate was achieved only when at least two of the following criteria were met: (1) a torque > 50 Ncm as a minimum sufficient condition to plan immediate loading; (2) after a healing period of 16 weeks, no coronal bone resorption (this condition allows for successive prosthetic finalization) observed clinically or radiographically; and (3) a possibility of carrying out a full-arch rehabilitation with minimal anterior spread. Insertion torque was < 50 Ncm in 14 patients (45%) and 50 Ncm in 17 patients (55%). Mechanical loading was delayed in the former group of patients and immediate in the latter group of patients. The proportion of torque that was < 50 Ncm was greater in men (69%) than in women (28%; P = .033). Immediate torque was not significantly affected by age.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although the present sample was not extremely numerically significant, it conveyed a clear and significant clinical and surgical meaning that has never been seen before in the literature: nasal or transnasal implants can be very useful in reducing the anterior cantilever and overcoming the anatomical limitations affecting conventional quad zygoma implants.</p>","PeriodicalId":94230,"journal":{"name":"The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants","volume":"0 0","pages":"69-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141312645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Osteotomy Preparation Techniques and Implant Diameter on Primary Stability and the Bone-Implant Interface of Short Implants (6 mm).","authors":"Theofilos Koutouzis, Kanika Bembey, Stavros Sofos","doi":"10.11607/jomi.10909","DOIUrl":"10.11607/jomi.10909","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the effect of osteotomy preparation techniques and implant diameter on primary stability and the bone-implant interface of short implants (6 mm) when placed in bone with a high degree of cancellous content.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Overall, 90 short dental implants (6 mm; Astra Tech Implant System EV, Dentsply Sirona) were divided into nine groups based on width (narrow implants [N]: 4.2 mm; regular implants [R]: 4.8 mm; or wide implants [W]: 5.4 mm), and the type of osteotomy preparation used (standard [ST], osteotome [OT], or osseodensification [OD]) to be placed in porcine tibia plateau bone samples. The following groups were created: group N-ST, group N-OT, group N-OD, group R-ST, group R-OT, group R-OD, group W-ST, group W-OT, and group W-OD. The insertion torque and implant stability quotient (ISQ) were measured. Additionally, four implants from groups N-ST, N-OT, and N-OD were evaluated histomorphometrically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The insertion torque was significantly higher for implants in group W-OD compared to group W-ST (50.00 ± 14.14 Ncm vs 28.00 ± 10.85 Ncm; P = .005). Similarly, the insertion torque was significantly higher for implants in group W-OT compared to group W-ST (46.87 ± 17.10 Ncm and 28.00 ± 10.85 Ncm, respectively; P = .026). The insertion torque was also significantly higher for implants in group W-OD compared to group N-OD (50.00 ± 14.14 Ncm and 31.5 ± 15.82 Ncm, respectively; P = .04). No significant differences were observed for the percentage of bone marrow space and connective tissue in contact with the implant surface between studied groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Osteotomy preparation technique in sites with a high degree of cancellous content was found to influence the implant insertion torque for short and wide implants (5.4 × 6 mm). Implant width was found to influence the insertion torque of short implants placed with the OD technique.</p>","PeriodicalId":94230,"journal":{"name":"The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants","volume":"0 0","pages":"27-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141474228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}