The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants最新文献

{"title":"In Vitro Fit Accuracy of Conical Connection Implant System Components - Part 1: Two-Dimensional Tolerance Displacement.","authors":"Charles Beng Kai Tan, Ming Yi Tan, Yoong Liang See Toh, Janice Zhi Hui Tan, Keson Beng Choon Tan","doi":"10.11607/jomi.11911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11607/jomi.11911","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This in vitro study evaluated the two-dimensional (2D) tolerance displacement of six conical connection implant systems and investigated the effect of varying tightening torque levels at four implant component connections.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Six implant systems were tested using ten implants, ten replicas, ten impression copings and ten abutments at four component connections: implant-impression coping (I-C), replica-impression coping (R-C), replica-abutment (R-A), and implant-abutment (I-A). A coordinate measuring machine was used to compute 2D tolerance displacement (dr) between upper (C / A) and lower (I / R) components, representing 2D positional deviation. Torque magnitudes of 5, 10, and 15 Ncm were applied at I-C, R-C, and R-A, while manufacturer-specified torque values were used for I-A. For I-C, R-C and R-A, the data was analyzed using mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) to evaluate the effects of implant system and torque magnitude on dr. For I-A, one-way ANOVA was conducted to evaluate differences in dr among the specific system-abutment combinations at their respective manufacturer-specified torque values.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall mean dr ranged from 2.7 ± 1.3 μm (CONR-A, 10 Ncm) to 23.7 ± 10.4 μm (MEGR-A, 10 Ncm). Mean dr ranged from 4.0 ± 2.7 μm (DENI-C, 10 Ncm) to 15.2 ± 8.8 μm (STRI-C, 10 Ncm) for I-C; from 3.9 ± 1.9 μm (DENR-C, 5 Ncm) to 13.0 ± 11.3 μm (STRR-C, 10 Ncm) for R-C; and from 2.7 ± 1.3 μm (CONR-A, 10 Ncm) to 23.7 ± 10.4 μm (MEGR-A, 10 Ncm) for R-A. Mixed ANOVA demonstrated no significant effects of torque magnitude or torque and implant system interaction for I-C, R-C, or R-A, but significant differences among implant systems were observed for all three connection types. For I-C, STR exhibited greater dr than ANT and DEN; for R-C, MEG exhibited greater dr than DEN and OSS; and for R-A, CON exhibited lower dr than all other systems. Significant differences among systems were also observed for I-A (P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Statistically significant differences were observed among implant systems. Mean dr of all conical connection implant system components evaluated ranged from 2.7 to 23.7 μm. These measured displacements are interpreted to be small in magnitude, but their clinical significance remains uncertain.</p>","PeriodicalId":94230,"journal":{"name":"The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants","volume":"0 0","pages":"1-23"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149121324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy of Implant Placement with Robotic Surgery, Dynamic Navigation, Fully Static Guide, and Freehand Surgery: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.","authors":"Xin-Yu Wu, Zhuo-Li Huang, Bei-Lei Liu, Xiao-Lei Lv, Jun-Yu Shi, Hong-Chang Lai","doi":"10.11607/jomi.11531","DOIUrl":"10.11607/jomi.11531","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the relative efficacy and estimate a treatment ranking of the positional accuracy of guided implant placement, including robotic surgery, dynamic navigation, static guide, and freehand surgery.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Electronic searches were performed in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL. Randomized controlled trials comparing different guided approaches were included. The primary outcome was positional accuracy. Risk of bias assessment, network meta-analysis, subgroup analysis, and quality of evidence assessment were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 21 studies (956 participants and 1,632 implants) were included. Robotic surgery, static guide, and dynamic navigation showed significantly less platform deviation (mean difference [95% CI]: -0.67 mm [-0.86, -0.48]; -0.65 mm [-0.74, -0.56]; and -0.60 mm [-0.70, -0.50], respectively), apex deviation (-1.35 mm [-1.70, -0.99]; -0.93 mm [-1.09, -0.76]; and -0.90 mm [-1.09, -0.71], respectively), and angular deviation (-5.29 degrees [-6.78, -3.79]; -4.09 degrees [-4.74, -3.45]; and -3.69 degrees [-4.48, -2.90], respectively) compared to freehand surgery. Robotic surgery was the best candidate to achieve high positional accuracy, followed by static guide and dynamic navigation. Robotic surgery showed significantly greater apex accuracy than static guide and dynamic navigation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Within the limitations of the study, robotic surgery achieves higher positional accuracy. All three guided approaches have great potential in dental implant surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":94230,"journal":{"name":"The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants","volume":"0 0","pages":"567-576"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144857280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Prospective Randomized Clinical Study to Evaluate Outcomes of Treatment with Mandibular Implant Overdentures Supported by a Single Parallel-Walled or Tapered Titanium Dental Implant Placed According to the Immediate Loading Protocol: A 12-Month Follow-up Report.","authors":"Mats Kronstrom, Kavita Shor, Damon Jacobson, Brian Leroux","doi":"10.11607/jomi.11424","DOIUrl":"10.11607/jomi.11424","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate clinical outcomes among subjects with mandibular overdentures supported by a single parallelwalled or tapered dental implant placed according to the immediate loading protocol.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Fortyseven edentulous subjects (21 men and 26 women; mean age: 61.5 years) with dentures fulfilled the criteria for inclusion and were scheduled for surgical implant placement. All subjects were provided with a single implant in the mandibular symphyseal area, after which a Locator abutment was connected to the implant immediately following placement. The mandibular denture was modified and provided with the attachment insert component and delivered the day of implant surgery. The subjects were scheduled for follow-up examinations 6 and 12 months after implant placement and yearly for another 4 years. Yearly examinations included a periapical radiograph to determine peri-implant bone level and clinical evaluation of denture stability, retention, wear, occlusion, and mucosal health.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven subjects were excluded during the first year: Two could not be reached and were lost to follow-up, one had died, three had failing implants, and one requested to have the implant removed. A total of 40 of the 47 subjects (19 men and 21 women; mean age: 64.1 years) were available for the 12-month follow-up. The parallel-walled implant group (Group 1) included 20 subjects (8 men and 12 women), and the tapered implant group (Group 2) included 20 subjects (11 men and 9 women). The mean peri-implant bone change was 0.29 mm (range: 0 to 1.8 mm), and the implant stability quotient remained stable, with no significant differences between the groups. The most common need for maintenance was replacement of the retentive nylon attachment insert.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>No significant differences were found between subjects in the two groups with respect to implant survival rates and peri-implant bone loss. Need for denture maintenance was mostly related to the replacement of retentive nylon caps.</p>","PeriodicalId":94230,"journal":{"name":"The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants","volume":"0 0","pages":"674-682"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145710634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Thread Fabrication Methods on Abutment Screw Loosening in Dental Implants: An In Vitro Experimental Study.","authors":"Serkan Aktas, Abdulrahman Al-Sanea, Talip Celik, Yasin Kisioglu","doi":"10.11607/jomi.11472","DOIUrl":"10.11607/jomi.11472","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the influence of different thread manufacturing techniques, including machining, thread rolling, and die cutting, on the mechanical stability of abutment screws in dental implants as well as to evaluate the role of internal threading processes in implants (cut vs form tapping) on torque loss behavior.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Abutment screws and implants were fabricated using three screw-manufacturing techniques and two internal thread-forming methods, respectively. The screw-implant assemblies were tested under two conditions: (1) immediately after tightening to simulate initial mechanical adaptation and (2) after dynamic loading to simulate functional use. Thread morphology was assessed using profilometry and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while torque loss was quantified with a digital torque meter. Surface roughness and thread geometry were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests (α = .05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Machined screws exhibited superior torque retention in both scenarios, especially when paired with form-tapped implants. Die-cut screws consistently showed the highest torque loss, correlating with greater surface defects and dimensional variability. SEM revealed pronounced flank damage and debris in die-cut and thread-rolled screws. Surface roughness values aligned only partially with observed surface morphology. Thread manufacturing method and internal thread formation both significantly affected preload stability (P < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The thread manufacturing method is a critical factor in the mechanical performance of abutment screws. Machined screws provided the most consistent outcomes, while die-cut screws posed mechanical disadvantages due to inferior thread quality. These findings have clinical implications for improving the long-term stability of implant-supported restorations.</p>","PeriodicalId":94230,"journal":{"name":"The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants","volume":"0 0","pages":"655-666"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of Seven Severely Atrophic Maxillary Full-Arch Cases Using Digitally Planned and Produced Immediately Loaded Screw-Retained Subperiosteal Implants: A Case Series with Surgical and Initial Prosthetic Outcomes.","authors":"Gary Orentlicher, Peter Rekawek, Ariana Etessami, Frank Tuminelli, Lukasz Skomial","doi":"10.11607/jomi.11418","DOIUrl":"10.11607/jomi.11418","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The volume and morphology of alveolar bone govern the rehabilitation of edentulous patients. Rehabilitation of the atrophic ridge remains a challenge, both surgically and prosthetically. Commonly, bone grafting procedures in combination with endosseous dental implants are necessary. Graftless options using tilted and/or longer endosseous dental implants placed into the pyriform rim, nasal, pterygoid, and zygomatic bones have also been developed to treat these challenging cases. However, these options are technique-sensitive and can result in increased patient morbidity. Digitally planned, custom-milled, and rigidly fixated subperiosteal implants offer removable or immediate fixed restoration options when conventional treatments are contraindicated or fail. Although this new treatment has only recently been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, it has been used successfully in Europe for over 10 years with overdenture final prostheses. This case series reports on the full-arch treatment of seven patients with severely atrophic maxillae with digitally planned and milled rigidly fixated subperiosteal implants using an immediate loading protocol with fixed provisional and definitive restorations.</p>","PeriodicalId":94230,"journal":{"name":"The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants","volume":"0 0","pages":"591-604"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145423799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiographic Outcomes Comparing Mini-implant- Versus Conventional Implant-Retained Overdentures with Different Attachment Systems: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.","authors":"Yousra Ahmed, Marwa Gamal Mahmoud Taha, Heba Elbelacy, Mona Samir Gaber, Gustavo Vicentis Oliveira Fernandes, Mohamed Rahhal","doi":"10.11607/jomi.11506","DOIUrl":"10.11607/jomi.11506","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate and compare the radiographic outcomes of mandibular overdentures retained by mini-implants versus conventional implants using different attachment systems.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Twenty-one completely edentulous patients (aged 60 to 70 years) who were dissatisfied with conventional mandibular dentures were randomly and equally assigned into three groups. Group I received overdentures retained by four mini-implants (2.4 × 13 mm) placed in the interforaminal region; Group II received two conventional implants (3.7 × 12 mm) with locator attachments bilaterally in the canine sites; and Group III received two conventional implants with ball-and-socket attachments bilaterally in the canine sites. CBCT was used to assess peri-implant marginal bone levels at baseline and at 6 and 12 months after placement. Data were analyzed using nonparametric tests with a significance level set at P ≤ .05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All groups demonstrated progressive bone loss over time. At 12 months, Group I exhibited the highest cumulative bone resorption (0.81 ± 0.11 mm), significantly greater than Group II (0.41 ± 0.16 mm) and Group III (0.45 ± 0.21 mm) (P = .002). No significant differences were observed between Groups II and III.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While all attachment systems maintained the bone levels within acceptable clinical limits, mini-implants were associated with greater marginal bone loss. Locator attachments on conventional implants exhibited the most favorable radiographic outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94230,"journal":{"name":"The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants","volume":"0 0","pages":"627-634"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144984589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI-Driven Design of Auxiliary Devices to Improve Intraoral Scanning Accuracy in Complete-Arch Implant Cases.","authors":"Yu Pan, Weixuan Chen, Peter Moy, Edmond H N Pow","doi":"10.11607/jomi.11415","DOIUrl":"10.11607/jomi.11415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To develop auxiliary devices for intraoral scanning (IOS) of complete-arch implant cases using a deep-learning artificial intelligence (AI) model.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 338 3D-imaging data sets were collected from a dental laboratory. Of these, 300 sets of complete dental arches were used for training, 28 sets were used for validation, and 10 edentulous arches with four to six dental implants were used for testing. Auxiliary devices with landmarks placed in between implants to aid in image stitching were manually designed and used as a control. A multilayer perceptron artificial neural network was employed to predict the positions of the landmarks, with normalized implant coordinates being used for input and landmark coordinates being used for output. The model was validated and evaluated using the test set to assess the fit of the base as well as the surface area of the landmarks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The bounding box loss for the training and validation sets converged to 0.02 and 0.01, respectively, which indicated high precision in landmark position prediction. The objectness loss stabilized at 0.05 for the training set and 0.03 for the validation set, confirming the model's robust detection capability. The root mean square (RMS) of the device base was 0.117 ± 0.053 mm, significantly smaller than the clinical threshold of 0.300 mm (P < .001). The surface area of the AIgenerated device landmarks (762.0 ± 141.7 mm2) was significantly smaller than that of the manually designed control (1,307.1 ± 286.1 mm2, P = .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The AI model demonstrated exceptional performance in this study. The base of the AI-generated auxiliary device fit well with the edentulous region, though its landmark teeth were smaller than those in the manually designed control.</p>","PeriodicalId":94230,"journal":{"name":"The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants","volume":"0 0","pages":"635-642"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144644473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Clinical and Digital Assessments of Peri-implant Soft Tissue Esthetics Using the Pink Esthetic Score.","authors":"Mahdi Kadkhodazadeh, Zahra Vasegh, Yaser Safi, Masoud Mohammadpour, Mehdi Hosseinzadeh","doi":"10.11607/jomi.11416","DOIUrl":"10.11607/jomi.11416","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare the outcomes of clinical versus digital assessments of peri-implant soft tissue esthetics using the Pink Esthetic Score (PES).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 24 patients with single implants in the anterior region were evaluated. The esthetic quality of the peri-implant soft tissue was clinically assessed using scans obtained via an intraoral scanner and determined according to the PES. Scores were assigned for each parameter using a three-point scale: 0 (most differences), 1 (moderate differences), and 2 (least differences compared to the reference). Frequencies of PES scores were analyzed for each of the seven PES items, and the total scores were calculated for both assessment methods. Agreements between the two methods were evaluated using weighted kappa statistics as well as the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 168 assessments, the clinical and digital modalities provided identical scores in 119 cases (70.8%). The weighted kappa for the total scores was 0.64, indicating substantial agreement. The kappa values for the individual parameters were as follows: 0.68 for mesial papilla, 0.69 for distal papilla, 0.54 for soft tissue margins, 0.66 for soft tissue contour, 0.68 for soft tissue color, 0.47 for soft tissue texture, and 0.62 for alveolar process deficiencies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Substantial agreement was observed between clinical and digital assessments of peri-implant soft tissue esthetics in the anterior region. Intraoral scanners offer a reliable and advantageous method for evaluating PES, providing consistency and convenience for clinicians.</p>","PeriodicalId":94230,"journal":{"name":"The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants","volume":"0 0","pages":"667-673"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145746530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy of Static Computer-Assisted Implant Surgery in Full Arches: A Systematic Review of Clinical Studies with Meta-analysis.","authors":"Tarla Oliveira Dos Santos, Rangel Lidani, Patrícia Pauletto, Gabriela Sabatini, Rafia Awais, Vinicius Dutra, Luis André Mezzomo","doi":"10.11607/jomi.11408","DOIUrl":"10.11607/jomi.11408","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To determine the accuracy of dental implants in full arches placed by means of static computer-assisted implant surgery (s-CAIS).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Two independent and calibrated reviewers selected studies based on predefined eligibility criteria and extracted data on study, population, intervention, and outcome (accuracy) characteristics. Risk of bias and the quality of evidence assessments of the included articles were performed by an independent and blinded reviewer. The meta-analysis was conducted using the random-effects model at a 5% significance level.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty studies (5 randomized controlled trials, 9 controlled clinical trials, and 16 case series) were included. Overall, 2,056 implants in the arches of 416 patients (161 men, 188 women, and 67 unknown) were assessed. Random-effects meta-analysis revealed statistically significant mean horizontal linear distortions at implant neck and apex levels of 1.18 mm (95% CI: 1.00, 1.35) (P < .001) and 1.46 mm (95% CI: 1.22, 1.69) (P < .001), respectively; significant mean vertical linear distortion at an implant depth level of 0.58 mm (95% CI: 0.18, 0.98) (P < .001); and significant mean angular distortion of 3.65 degrees (95% CI: 2.97, 4.33) (P < .001). Accuracy did not differ significantly between the maxilla and mandible for all parameters assessed (P > .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The accuracy of s-CAIS in full arches is within a clinically acceptable range, and a 2-mm horizontal and 1-mm vertical safety margin should always be respected during planning. This safety margin can ensure better results in full arches with resorbed bone.</p>","PeriodicalId":94230,"journal":{"name":"The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants","volume":"0 0","pages":"577-590"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144746622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) in Sinus Elevation Procedures: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Maria Menini, Luigi Canullo, Paolo Pesce, Francesca Bixio, Francesco Bagnasco, Massimo Del Fabbro","doi":"10.11607/jomi.11434","DOIUrl":"10.11607/jomi.11434","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) related to maxillary sinus augmentation and alternative options for rehabilitation of the atrophic posterior maxilla.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>An electronic search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane CENTRAL up to January 31, 2025, to identify randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and comparative nonrandomized clinical trials (non-RCTs) involving at least one group treated with maxillary sinus floor elevation (SFE), with a minimum of five patients per group, in which PROMs were assessed. The focused question was: In patients requiring rehabilitation of the atrophic posterior maxilla, is there a protocol superior to others among SFE using the lateral or transcrestal approach with or without grafting, and implant placement without augmentation, in terms of PROMs? Pairwise meta-analysis was done to estimate the overall effect when at least two studies with similar treatment comparisons, reporting the same outcome, were found. The primary outcome was postoperative pain, measured using a visual analog scale in the first 7 days after surgery. Secondary outcomes were any other PROMs, such as postoperative symptoms or standard satisfaction questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The electronic search initially identified 104 articles. After removing duplicates, 56 articles were screened, and 12 studies (11 RCTs and 1 non-RCT) were finally included. Ten studies were judged at moderate risk of bias, with one RCT at a high risk and the non-RCT study at a moderate risk. Meta-analysis could be performed only for the proportion of patients reporting pain at 1, 3, and 7 days postoperatively. The graftless approach resulted in less pain at 3 and 7 days postoperative compared to SFE with grafting. Transcrestal SFE also showed less postoperative discomfort than lateral SFE.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results indicated that patients may experience reduced discomfort and inflammation when graftless procedures and transcrestal approaches are used. Overall, there is a paucity of evidence regarding the assessment of PROMs in the rehabilitation of the atrophic posterior maxilla.</p>","PeriodicalId":94230,"journal":{"name":"The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants","volume":"0 0","pages":"557-566"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144487582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}