Carbohydrate Research最新文献_第3页

Formulated chitosan microspheres remodelled the altered gut microbiota and liver miRNA in diet-induced Type-2 diabetic rats 配方壳聚糖微球重塑了饮食诱导的 2 型糖尿病大鼠肠道微生物群和肝脏 miRNA 的改变

IF 2.4 3区化学

Carbohydrate Research Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109301

Sunny Kumar, Zeel Bhatia, Sriram Seshadri

{"title":"Formulated chitosan microspheres remodelled the altered gut microbiota and liver miRNA in diet-induced Type-2 diabetic rats","authors":"Sunny Kumar, Zeel Bhatia, Sriram Seshadri","doi":"10.1016/j.carres.2024.109301","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carres.2024.109301","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chitosan was formulated into a microsphere and comprehensively characterized and evaluated for its anti-inflammatory potential and anti-diabetic properties against the high sugar fat diet-induced diabetic animals. The diabetic model was induced through feeding with a high-sugar fat diet. Metformin, a standard antidiabetic drug, and CMS (chitosan microspheres) were administered orally for 90 days as reversal strategies. Upon completion of the study, the following parameters, such as serum biochemistry, cytokine analysis, tissue histology, liver miRNA sequencing, and Shotgun metagenomics studies from stool samples, were performed. SEM images of the microsphere indicated a smooth morphology, while FTIR and DSC respectively, confirmed the presence of functional groups of chitosan and the thermal stability of the formulation. Following HSFD induction, all the parameters analyzed were altered compared to the control group. In both reversal groups, serum biochemical parameters were restored, which was at par with the control. A significant increase in the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, and a remarkable reduction in TNF-α and MCP-1 inflammatory cytokines were observed in both reversal groups. Tissue histology indicated improvements in low-grade inflammation, induced in the diabetic group. miR-203 was upregulated in the CMS-treated group, while miR-103 was downregulated. The study further delved into the impact on gut microbiota and KEGG. Major phyla i.e., <em>Bacteroidetes</em>, <em>Cyanobacteria</em>, <em>Firmicutes</em>, <em>Proteobacteria</em>, and <em>Verrucomicrobia</em> showed restoration, while upregulation of DNA polymerase zeta in T2D showed reversal after the treatment. The formulation showed reversal at par with metformin and also confirms its anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory activities of CMS, with microfloral and miR regulatory functions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9415,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Research","volume":"547 ","pages":"Article 109301"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relationships between bacteria and the mucus layer 细菌与粘液层之间的关系。

IF 2.4 3区化学

Carbohydrate Research Pub Date : 2024-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109309

Inka Brockhausen, Dylan Falconer, Sara Sara

{"title":"Relationships between bacteria and the mucus layer","authors":"Inka Brockhausen, Dylan Falconer, Sara Sara","doi":"10.1016/j.carres.2024.109309","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carres.2024.109309","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The mucus layer on epithelial cells is an essential barrier, as well as a nutrient-rich niche for bacteria, forming a dynamic, functional and symbiotic ecosystem and first line of defense against invading pathogens. Particularly bacteria in biofilms are very difficult to eradicate. The extensively O-glycosylated mucins are the main glycoproteins in mucus that interact with microbes. For example, mucins act as adhesion receptors and nutritional substrates for gut bacteria. Mucins also play important roles in immune responses, and they control the composition of the microbiome, primarily due to the abundance of complex O-glycans. In inflammation or infection, the structures of mucin O-glycans can change and thus affect mucin function, impact biofilm formation and the induction of virulence pathways in bacteria. In turn, bacteria can support host cell growth, mucin production and can stimulate changes in the host immune system and responses leading to healthy tissue function. The external polysaccharides of bacteria are critical for controlling adhesion and biofilm formation. It is therefore important to understand the relationships between the mucus layer and microbes, the mechanisms and regulation of the biosynthesis of mucins, of bacterial surface polysaccharides, and adhesins. This knowledge can provide biomarkers, vaccines and help to develop new approaches for improved therapies, including antibiotic treatments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9415,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Research","volume":"546 ","pages":"Article 109309"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142643486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enzyme-induced degradation of natural and artificial linear polyanions 天然和人工线性聚阴离子的酶诱导降解。

IF 2.4 3区化学

Carbohydrate Research Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109310

Vasily Spiridonov , Alina Lukmanova , Denis Pozdyshev , Yulia Antonova , Viktorija Kusaja , Vladimir Muronetz , Alexander Yaroslavov

{"title":"Enzyme-induced degradation of natural and artificial linear polyanions","authors":"Vasily Spiridonov , Alina Lukmanova , Denis Pozdyshev , Yulia Antonova , Viktorija Kusaja , Vladimir Muronetz , Alexander Yaroslavov","doi":"10.1016/j.carres.2024.109310","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carres.2024.109310","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Synthetic and natural polymers are widely used for constructing drug delivery systems. Biocompatibility, water solubility and non-toxicity make polymers a convenient matrix for encapsulation, delivery and release of bioactive compounds. Coupling of a drug with a biodegraded polymer matrix is a promising way for a controlled drug delivery. Along this line, the degradation of the four polymers in the presence of two enzymes in aqueous solutions was investigated. The following polymers were used: natural polysaccharides, sodium alginate and sodium hyaluronate, artificial (modified) sodium carboxymethylcellulose and synthetic sodium polyacrylate (control); their degradation was caused by the addition of alginate lyase and hyaluronidase. The first enzyme only cleaved the specific alginate substrate and left three other intact. Contrastingly, the second enzyme degraded all three polysaccharides, including artificial carboxymethylcellulose, but did not degrade synthetic polyacrylate. The biodegradation of polymers was accompanied by decreasing the size of polymer particles in solution from 100 to 200 nm down to 20–30 nm; the latter are capable of removing from the body through the kidneys. The initial polysaccharides showed the negative surface charge in aqueous solution, which changed but retained negative after biodegradation. The initial and biodegraded polysaccharides demonstrated negligible cytotoxicity during long exposure period. The obtained results are valuable for the development of polymer carriers for drug encapsulation and delivery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9415,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Research","volume":"546 ","pages":"Article 109310"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142615337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The preparation and evaluation of granulated chitosan-catechin tablets with excellent disintegration properties 制备和评估崩解性能优异的壳聚糖儿茶素颗粒片剂。

IF 2.4 3区化学

Carbohydrate Research Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109308

Tomoki Adachi , Yuto Tomita , Yasuyuki Mizukai , Yuji Maezaki , Kazuo Kawano , Kindness L. Commey , Hideaki Nakamura , Keishi Yamasaki , Masaki Otagiri , Makoto Anraku

{"title":"The preparation and evaluation of granulated chitosan-catechin tablets with excellent disintegration properties","authors":"Tomoki Adachi , Yuto Tomita , Yasuyuki Mizukai , Yuji Maezaki , Kazuo Kawano , Kindness L. Commey , Hideaki Nakamura , Keishi Yamasaki , Masaki Otagiri , Makoto Anraku","doi":"10.1016/j.carres.2024.109308","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carres.2024.109308","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we prepared granulated chitosan (G-CS)/catechin tablets with excellent disintegration properties. We then compared their physical properties, dissolution behavior, and pharmacokinetic profile to non-granulated chitosan (N-CS)/catechin tablets. During the tableting process, the G-CS/catechin tablets demonstrated significantly higher compatibility and superior manufacturability, as evidenced by lower ejection and detachment stress than the N-CS/catechin tablets. This resulted in more robust tablets with better physical properties. The dissolution of catechin from the G-CS/catechin tablets occurred significantly faster than from the N-CS/catechin tablets, resulting in a significantly higher 2,2′-azino-bis(3 ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging capacity. Similarly, the primary catechin components of the tablets, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and caffeine, showed faster dissolution and membrane uptake from the G-CS/catechin tablets. These indicate a more efficient tablet formulation than N-CS/catechin tablets. Furthermore, the absorption and bioavailability of EGCG and caffeine in rats were significantly higher after oral administration of the G-CS/catechin tablets than the N-CS/catechin tablets. These findings suggest that G-CS/catechin tablets, having better disintegration properties than N-CS/catechin tablets, could allow for combination with other supplements, leading to the design of highly efficient supplement combination tablets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9415,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Research","volume":"547 ","pages":"Article 109308"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142643497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Capsular polysaccharide structure of Acinetobacter baumannii K58 from clinical isolate MRSN31468 从临床分离物 MRSN31468 中提取的鲍曼不动杆菌 K58 的胶囊多糖结构。

IF 2.4 3区化学

Carbohydrate Research Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109307

Wei Zou , Evguenii Vinogradov , Frank St-Michael , Dean Williams , Lillian Zou , Jenny Peters , Melanie Arbour , Greg Harris , Wangxue Chen , Danielle Peters

{"title":"Capsular polysaccharide structure of Acinetobacter baumannii K58 from clinical isolate MRSN31468","authors":"Wei Zou , Evguenii Vinogradov , Frank St-Michael , Dean Williams , Lillian Zou , Jenny Peters , Melanie Arbour , Greg Harris , Wangxue Chen , Danielle Peters","doi":"10.1016/j.carres.2024.109307","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carres.2024.109307","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Capsular polysaccharides (CPS) of <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> is a virulence factor with diverse structures. CPS are produced by the CPS biosynthesis gene cluster in their K locus (KL). However, CPS variations may occur due to insertion of additional genes from external sources, <em>e.g</em>., prophages. Recently, the CPS structure from a clinical isolate, BAL062 which includes KL58 locus, was found to have a pseudaminic acid isomer (8ePse5NAc7NAc) as a result of prophage inserted epaA/epaB genes. Here, we report a CPS structure produced by <em>A. baumannii</em> strain MRSN31468 which also belongs to a KL58 type. The K58 CPS structure was determined by 1D and 2D NMR analysis of the oligosaccharides derived from the CPS by a phage depolymerase, and supported by the sugar composition analysis. The K58 CPS structure has the following tetra saccharide repeating unit.<span><figure><span><img><ol><li><span><span>Download: <span>Download high-res image (54KB)</span></span></span></li><li><span><span>Download: <span>Download full-size image</span></span></span></li></ol></span></figure></span></div><div>The K58 CPS differs from the CPS from BAL062 only by replacing 8-epimerized β-8ePse5NAc7NAc with β-Pse5NAc7NAc.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9415,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Research","volume":"546 ","pages":"Article 109307"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142643481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preparation of N-(2-hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride)-O-dodecylylpyridine chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and its antibacterial activities N-(2-羟基丙基三甲基氯化铵)-O-十二烷基吡啶壳聚糖季铵盐的制备及其抗菌活性。

IF 2.4 3区化学

Carbohydrate Research Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109306

Yu Pang , Lulu Shi , Lin Wang , Tao Zhang , Meihua Xin , Mingchun Li , Yangfan Mao

{"title":"Preparation of N-(2-hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride)-O-dodecylylpyridine chitosan quaternary ammonium salt and its antibacterial activities","authors":"Yu Pang , Lulu Shi , Lin Wang , Tao Zhang , Meihua Xin , Mingchun Li , Yangfan Mao","doi":"10.1016/j.carres.2024.109306","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carres.2024.109306","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chitosan derivatives, including <em>O-</em>carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), <em>N</em>-(2-hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride)-<em>O</em>-carboxymethyl chitosan (QCMC), and <em>N</em>-(2-hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride)-<em>O</em>-dodecylylpyridine chitosan quaternary ammonium salt (DQCMC), were synthesized and characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, <sup>1</sup>H nuclear magnetic resonance (<sup>1</sup>H NMR) spectroscopy, Ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy, and element analysis (EA). The antibacterial activities of chitosan and chitosan derivatives against <em>Escherichia coli</em> (<em>E. coli</em>) and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (<em>S. aureus</em>) were evaluated through the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and antibacterial rate assays. Results demonstrated that DQCMC exhibited significantly higher antibacterial efficacy compared to chitosan, CMC, and QCMC. The MIC of DQCMC against <em>E. coli</em> and <em>S. aureus</em> were 31 μg/mL and 7 μg/mL, respectively, with a 100 % antibacterial rate at a concentration of 0.5 mg/mL. Furthermore, assessment of mouse fibroblast (L929) cell viability using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) methods revealed no toxicity associated with the material.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9415,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Research","volume":"546 ","pages":"Article 109306"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142615339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Photocatalyst-free light-promoted carbohydrate synthesis and modification 无光催化剂光促进碳水化合物合成和改性。

IF 2.4 3区化学

Carbohydrate Research Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109304

Jing Wang , Fan Zhou , Yuping Xu , Lei Zhang

引用次数: 0

Entropy-enthalpy compensation in the methyl 5-thio-α-d-galactopyranoside–Jacalin interaction 5-thio-α-d-galactopyranoside-Jacalin 与甲基 5-thio-α-d-galactopyranoside 的相互作用中的熵焓补偿。

IF 2.4 3区化学

Carbohydrate Research Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2024.109305

Daniil Ahiadorme , David Crich

引用次数: 0

Structure analysis and immunomodulatory activity of novel oligosaccharide from Nicotiana tabacum roots 来自烟草根的新型寡糖的结构分析和免疫调节活性。