Carbohydrate Research最新文献

{"title":"Diastereoselective 1,3-dipolar intramolecular nitrone olefin cycloaddition (INOC) reaction of a sugar-derived allyl alcohol: Synthesis of functionalized aminocyclopentitols","authors":"Rajendra Rohokale","doi":"10.1016/j.carres.2024.109223","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carres.2024.109223","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The DIBAL-H reduction of the Baylis-Hillman sugar adduct, obtained from 3-<em>O</em>-benzyl-1,2-isopropylidene-<em>α</em>-D-<em>xylo</em>-pentodialdo-1,4-furanose yielded trisubstituted alkenes by eliminating the <em>β</em>-hydroxyl group. Subsequently, the hydrolysis of the isopropylidene acetal to the corresponding hemiacetal was reacted with <em>N</em>-benzyl hydroxylamine hydrochloride to generate the nitrone, which underwent diastereoselective intramolecular 1,3-dipolar nitrone olefin cycloaddition (INOC) to give an isoxazolidine skeleton. The concomitant reductive cleavage of the N-O bond and benzyl group of the fused isoxazolidines afforded new functionalized aminocyclopentitols in good yields.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9415,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Research","volume":"543 ","pages":"Article 109223"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141848407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cloning, expression and characterization of novel hyaluronan lyases Vhylzx1 and Vhylzx2 from Vibrio sp. ZG1","authors":"Xinru Zhang ,&nbsp;Kaiwen Lv ,&nbsp;Hongjie Xie ,&nbsp;Yutai Gan ,&nbsp;Wengong Yu ,&nbsp;Qianhong Gong","doi":"10.1016/j.carres.2024.109221","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carres.2024.109221","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hyaluronidases are a class of enzymes that can degrade hyaluronic acid and have a wide range of applications in the medical field. In this study, the marine bacterium <em>Vibrio</em> sp. ZG1, which can degrade HA, was isolated, leading to the discovery of two novel hyaluronan lyases, Vhylzx1 and Vhylzx2, through genome sequencing and bioinformatic analysis. These lyases belong to the polysaccharide lyase-8 family. Vhylzx1 and Vhylzx2 specifically degrade HA, with highest activity at 35 °C, pH 5.7 and 50 °C, pH 7.1. Vhylzx1 and Vhylzx2 are endo-type enzymes that can fully degrade HA into unsaturated disaccharides. Sequence homology assessment and site-directed mutagenesis revealed that the catalytic residues of Vhylzx1 are Asn²³¹, His²⁸¹, and Tyr²⁹⁰, and that the catalytic residues of Vhylzx2 are Asn²²⁷, His²⁷⁷, and Tyr²⁸⁶. Moreover, this study used consensus sequences to enhance the specific activity of Vhylzx2 mutants. Notably, the mutants V564I, N742D, L619F, and D658G increases the specific activity by 2.4, 2.2, 1.3, and 1.2-fold. These characteristics are useful for further basic research and applications, and have a promising application in the preparation of biologically active hyaluronic acid oligosaccharides.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9415,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Research","volume":"543 ","pages":"Article 109221"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141787260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applications of chitosan in the agri-food sector: A review","authors":"Mathilde Bertrand ,&nbsp;Scott Simonin ,&nbsp;Benoit Bach","doi":"10.1016/j.carres.2024.109219","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carres.2024.109219","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chitosan is a natural and renewable polysaccharide that can form biopolymers. It is derived from the deacetylation of chitin mainly from crustaceans' shells, but also from fungi and insects. Thanks to unique characteristics such as antimicrobial effects, antioxidant properties or film forming capacities, it has triggered an important amount of research in the last decade about possible applications in industrial fields. The main application field of chitosan is the food industry where it can be used for preservation purposes and shelf-life improvement for fresh food products such as fruits or meat. For beverages, it is used for clarification and fining as well as elimination of spoilage flora in beverages like fruit juices or wine. And in agriculture, it can be used as a plant protection product through different mechanisms like the elicitation of plant defences. The mechanisms of action of chitosan on microorganisms are multiple and complex but revolve mostly around the disturbance of microorganisms’ membranes and cell walls resulting in the leakage of cell material. The use of chitosan is still minor but is promising in finding environmentally friendly alternatives to synthetic chemicals and plastics. Therefore, its characterization is primordial for the future of sustainable production and preservation processes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9415,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Research","volume":"543 ","pages":"Article 109219"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0008621524001988/pdfft?md5=c6484fbef33059886e2cd18afae6afe1&pid=1-s2.0-S0008621524001988-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141757213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the potential of chitin and chitosan in nanobiocomposites for fungal immunological detection and antifungal action","authors":"Manuela Gómez-Gaviria,&nbsp;Héctor M. Mora-Montes","doi":"10.1016/j.carres.2024.109220","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carres.2024.109220","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chitin is a polymer of <em>N</em>-acetylglucosamine and an essential component of the fungal cell wall. Chitosan is the deacetylated form of chitin and is also important for maintaining the integrity of this structure. Both polysaccharides are widely distributed in nature and have been shown to have a variety of applications in biomedicine, including their potential in immune sensing and as potential antifungal agents. In addition, chitin has been reported to play an important role in the pathogen-host interaction, involving innate and adaptive immune responses. This paper will explore the role of chitin and chitosan when incorporated into nanobiocomposites to improve their efficacy in detecting fungi of medical interest and inhibiting their growth. Potential applications in diagnostic and therapeutic medicine will be discussed, highlighting their promise in the development of more sensitive and effective tools for the early diagnosis of fungal infections. This review aims to highlight the importance of the convergence of nanotechnology and biology in addressing public health challenges.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9415,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Research","volume":"543 ","pages":"Article 109220"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141736437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catalyst and base-free, direct oxidation of chitin to lactic acid with hydrogen peroxide","authors":"Xiao Du,&nbsp;Tengfei Li,&nbsp;Lumei Wang,&nbsp;Dezhang Ren,&nbsp;Zhibao Huo","doi":"10.1016/j.carres.2024.109218","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carres.2024.109218","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent years, the research on the conversion of chitin to high value-added chemicals has attracted more and more attention. At present, the method of preparing lactic acid from chitin mostly uses strong base or catalyst. The reaction system under alkaline condition not only corrodes the container but also easily harms the human body. Herein, a simple and effective method to convert chitin to organic acids in catalyst and base-free conditions is developed. The use of H₂O₂ only can efficiently convert chitin to organic acids in the absence of bases and catalysts. Under the optimal conditions of 30 mg chitin, 2.1 mL water, 0.9 mL H₂O₂ at 230 °C for 1.5 h, the lactic acid yield of chitin can reach 58.2 % and the total organic acid yield can reach 84.0 %. This work provides an efficient method for the resource utilization of chitin biomass.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9415,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Research","volume":"543 ","pages":"Article 109218"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141736438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of hydrogels from biomaterials and their potential application in tissue engineering","authors":"Gabriela Martínez-Mejía ,&nbsp;Ricardo Cuadras-Arconada ,&nbsp;Nadia Adriana Vázquez-Torres ,&nbsp;Rubén Caro-Briones ,&nbsp;Andrés Castell-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;José Manuel del Río ,&nbsp;Mónica Corea ,&nbsp;Rogelio Jiménez-Juárez","doi":"10.1016/j.carres.2024.109216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carres.2024.109216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, a series of hydrogels were synthesized from chitosan(s) that was crosslinking with glutaraldehyde at different concentrations. Ascorbic acid in an acidic medium was used to facilitate non-covalent interactions. The chitosan(s) was obtained from shrimp cytoskeleton; while ascorbic acid was extracted from xoconostle juice. The hydrogel reaction was monitored by UV–vis spectroscopy (550 nm) to determine the reaction kinetics and reaction order at 60 °C. The hydrogels structures were characterized by NMR, FT-IR, HR-MS and SEM, while the degree of cross-linking was examined with TGA-DA. The extracellular matrices were obtained as stable hydrogels where reached maximum crosslinking was of 7 %, independent of glutaraldehyde quantity added. The rheological properties showed a behavior of weak gels and a dependence of crosslinking agent concentration on strength at different temperatures. The cytotoxicity assay showed that the gels had no adverse effects on cellular growth for all concentrations of glutaraldehyde.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9415,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Research","volume":"543 ","pages":"Article 109216"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141714797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enzyme immobilization with nanomaterials for hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass: Challenges and future Perspectives","authors":"Neha Kotwal ,&nbsp;Deepak Pathania ,&nbsp;Anita Singh ,&nbsp;Zaheer Ud Din Sheikh ,&nbsp;Richa Kothari","doi":"10.1016/j.carres.2024.109208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carres.2024.109208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Enzyme immobilization has emerged as a prodigious strategy in the enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) promising enhanced efficacy and stability of the enzymes. Further, enzyme immobilization on magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) facilitates the easy recovery and reuse of biocatalysts. This results in the development of a nanobiocatalytic system, that serves as an eco-friendly and inexpensive LCB deconstruction approach. This review provides an overview of nanomaterials used for immobilization with special emphasis on the nanomaterial-enzyme interactions and strategies of immobilization. After the succinct outline of the immobilization procedures and supporting materials, a comprehensive assessment of the catalysis enabled by nanomaterial-immobilized biocatalysts for the conversion and degradation of lignocellulosic biomasses is provided by gathering state-of-the-art examples. The challenges and future directions associated with this technique providing a potential solution in the present article. Insight on the recent advancements in the process of nanomaterial-based immobilization for the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass has also been highlighted in the article.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9415,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Research","volume":"543 ","pages":"Article 109208"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141623193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GSH-responsive and folate receptor-targeted pyridine bisfolate-encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles for enhanced intracellular drug delivery in MCF−7 cells","authors":"Fawzya I. Elshami ,&nbsp;Gehad Elrefaei ,&nbsp;Mohamed M. Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Ibrahim Elmehasseb ,&nbsp;Shaban Y. Shaban","doi":"10.1016/j.carres.2024.109207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carres.2024.109207","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Folic acid receptor-targeted drug delivery system is a promising candidate for tumor-targeted delivery because its elevated expression specifically on tumor cells enables the selective delivery of cytotoxic cargo to cancerous tissue, thereby minimizing toxic side effects and increasing the therapeutic index. Pyridine bisfolate-chitosan (PyBFA@CS NPs) and folate-chitosan nanocomposite (FA@CS NPs) were synthesized with suitable particle size (256.0 ± 15.0 and 161.0 ± 5.0 nm), high stability (ζ = −27.0 ± 0.1 and −30.0 ± 0.2 mV), respectively, and satisfactory biocompatibility to target cells expressing folate receptors and try to answer the question: Is the metal center always important for activity? Since almost all pharmaceuticals work by binding to specific proteins or DNA, the in vitro binding of human serum albumin (HSA) to PyBFA@CS NPs and FA@CS NPs has been investigated and compared with PyBFA. Strong affinity to HSA is shown by quenching and binding constants in the range of 10⁵ and 10⁴ M⁻¹, respectively with PyBFA@CS NPs showing the strongest. The compounds-HSA kinetic stability, affinity, and association constants were investigated using a stopped-flow method. The findings showed that all formulations bind by a static quenching mechanism that consists of two reversible steps: rapid second-order binding and a more slowly first-order isomerization reaction. The overall coordination affinity of HSA to PyBFA@CS NPs (6.6 × 10⁶ M⁻¹), PyBFA (4.4 × 10⁶ M⁻¹), and FA@CS NPs (1.3 × 10⁶ M⁻¹) was measured and The relative reactivity is roughly (PyBFA@CS NPs)/(PyBFA)/(FA@CS NPs) = 5/3/1. Additionally, in vitro cytotoxicity revealed that, consistent with the binding constants and coordination affinity, active-targeting formulations greatly inhibited FR-positive MCF-7 cells in compared to FRs-negative A549 cells in the following trend: PyBFA@CS NPs &gt; PyBFA &gt; FA@CS NPs. Furthermore, in vitro drug release of PyBFA@CS NPs was found to be stable in PBS at pH 7.4, however, the in pH 5.4 and in pH 5.4 containing 10 mM glutathione (GSH) (mimicking the tumor microenvironment) reached 43 % and 73 %, respectively indicating that the PyBFA@CS NPs system is sensitive to GSH. Folate-modified nanoparticles, PyBFA@CS NPs, are a promising therapeutic for MCF-7 therapy because they not only showed a greater affinity for HSA, but also showed higher cleavage efficiency toward the minor groove of pBR322 DNA via the hydrolytic way, as well as effective antibacterial activity that avoids the usage of extra antibiotics.‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬ ‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9415,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Research","volume":"543 ","pages":"Article 109207"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141623192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"pH-responsive chitosan-mediated spherical mesoporous silica microspheres for high loading and controlled delivery of 5-Fluorouracil","authors":"Qianqian Zhang ,&nbsp;Tong Wan ,&nbsp;Guocheng Jin ,&nbsp;Shiai Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.carres.2024.109206","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carres.2024.109206","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The objective of this study is to develop a drug carrier to overcome the inherent drawbacks of 5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu), including low bioavailability, short half-life, and systemic toxicity. In the present work, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) capped by chitosan (CS) to encapsulate 5-Fu (5-Fu MSNs/CS) were fabricated by the sol-gel process, ultrasonic impregnation, and emulsion cross-linking. The 5-Fu MSNs/CS microspheres exhibit pH-responsive drug release and remarkable drug encapsulation capacity, as well as perfect sphericity, high specific surface area (680.62 cm²/g), and uniform particle size (2.64 ± 0.05 μm). The drug-loading content and encapsulation efficiency are 14.12 ± 0.53 % and 82.21 ± 2.13 %, respectively. The cumulative release of 5-Fu from MSNs/CS microspheres is fast and sustained at pH 5.0 (89.56 ± 0.97 %) compared to that at pH 7.4 (57.88 ± 0.91 %) in 96 h, and it is Fickian diffusion controlled. In conclusion, the MSNs/CS microspheres prepared in this study could be potential carriers for 5-Fu delivery.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9415,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Research","volume":"543 ","pages":"Article 109206"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141603312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In silico approaches for better understanding cysteine cathepsin-glycosaminoglycan interactions","authors":"Krzysztof K. Bojarski ,&nbsp;Alexis David ,&nbsp;Fabien Lecaille ,&nbsp;Sergey A. Samsonov","doi":"10.1016/j.carres.2024.109201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.carres.2024.109201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cysteine cathepsins constitute the largest cathepsin family, with 11 proteases in human that are present primarily within acidic endosomal and lysosomal compartments. They are involved in the turnover of intracellular and extracellular proteins. They are synthesized as inactive procathepsins that are converted to mature active forms. Cathepsins play important roles in physiological and pathological processes and, therefore, receive increasing attention as potential therapeutic targets. Their maturation and activity can be regulated by glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), long linear negatively charged polysaccharides composed of recurring dimeric units. In this review, we summarize recent computational progress in the field of (pro)cathepsin-GAG complexes analyses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9415,"journal":{"name":"Carbohydrate Research","volume":"543 ","pages":"Article 109201"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0008621524001800/pdfft?md5=65a3e2ba2fe717908a4a73cc72c3fe61&pid=1-s2.0-S0008621524001800-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141623194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}