Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons最新文献

{"title":"Recurrent parietal lobe supratentorial ependymoma, ZFTA fusion-positive, CNS WHO grade 3, with new dural and calvarial reactive changes in a child: illustrative case.","authors":"Justin N Passman, Emily Bellow, Heshwin Singh, Robert S Kleyner, Roberta Seidman, David A Chesler","doi":"10.3171/CASE25146","DOIUrl":"10.3171/CASE25146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Supratentorial ependymoma, ZFTA fusion-positive, CNS WHO grade 3, is a rare pediatric brain tumor characterized by brisk mitotic activity and sometimes microvascular proliferation and/or necrosis. Typical treatment includes a combination of resection, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. These tumors often present at age 3 or 4 years and have a poor prognosis.</p><p><strong>Observations: </strong>The authors present the case of a 4-year-old girl who presented asymptomatically with recurrence of a supratentorial ependymoma, ZFTA fusion-positive, CNS WHO grade 3, of the right parietal lobe with a homozygous CDKN2A deletion through chemotherapy after an initial gross-total resection. Tumor recurrence presented with a traditional intraparenchymal cystic component that initially appeared to invade through the dura mater, diploë, and outer table of the skull. On closer examination of the calvaria and dura in the operating room, a trabeculated and soft tissue mixed with invasion into the outer table contiguous with calcifications on the native dura was observed. Histopathological analysis confirmed that the recurrent tumor was confined intradurally with treatment effect, and the dural and calvarial findings represented a reactive inflammatory process likely related to prior surgery, chemotherapy, and possibly the neoplasm itself.</p><p><strong>Lessons: </strong>This case illustrates an atypical presentation of a recurrent supratentorial ependymoma, ZFTA fusion-positive, CNS WHO grade 3, where reactive inflammatory changes of the dura and calvaria mimicked dural and calvarial invasion. These findings demonstrate the importance of histopathological evaluation in distinguishing true tumor recurrence from atypical inflammatory responses to prior surgery, chemotherapy, or the neoplasm itself and close postoperative follow-up. https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE25146.</p>","PeriodicalId":94098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons","volume":"9 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12184531/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refractory hemorrhage in chronic subdural hematoma: primary myelofibrosis with subdural extramedullary hematopoiesis. Illustrative case.","authors":"Keijiro Shomura, Yoshio Nakashima, Nozomu Kurose, Kinya Ohata, Hironori Fujisawa","doi":"10.3171/CASE25255","DOIUrl":"10.3171/CASE25255","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with underlying hematological disorders often experience unexpected intracranial hemorrhage during or after neurosurgical procedures. The authors present a case of underlying myelofibrosis in a patient who experienced recurrent rebleeding within a short period following burr hole surgery for a chronic subdural hematoma, ultimately necessitating decompressive craniectomy. This case highlights the potential challenges of managing hemorrhages in patients with underlying hematological conditions.</p><p><strong>Observations: </strong>A 75-year-old male presented with impaired consciousness. CT revealed a left chronic subdural hematoma, and burr hole surgery was performed. Within 7 days, he experienced three recurrent intracranial hemorrhages, necessitating decompressive craniectomy. Routine blood tests showed no bleeding tendency; however, a detailed evaluation led to the diagnosis of primary myelofibrosis, and multiple extramedullary hematopoiesis was identified in the subdural hematoma.</p><p><strong>Lessons: </strong>Extramedullary hematopoiesis can occur in the chronic subdural hematoma space, and surgical intervention can lead to severe intracranial hemorrhage. https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE25255.</p>","PeriodicalId":94098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons","volume":"9 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12184529/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pial collateral shift after unilateral bypass in bilateral moyamoya disease: illustrative cases.","authors":"O'Donnell Devon B, Jonathan Rychen, Zoey Croft, Shyle H Mehta, Jung Park, Timothy G White, Christian Ferreira, Jason A Ellis, David J Langer","doi":"10.3171/CASE25229","DOIUrl":"10.3171/CASE25229","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bilateral revascularization surgery is commonly performed in patients with bilateral moyamoya disease (MMD), even when ischemic symptoms or strokes are confined to one hemisphere. However, in select cases, a unilateral bypass may suffice to revascularize both hemispheres due to the development of post-revascularization pial collateral shift. This report aims to introduce the concept of pial collateral shift and presents 3 cases of bilateral MMD in which unilateral revascularization alone was deemed sufficient.</p><p><strong>Observations: </strong>Three adult patients with ischemic MMD exhibited bilateral type III vascular insufficiency on single-photon emission CT (SPECT) imaging after Diamox challenge. Each underwent unilateral revascularization of the symptomatic hemisphere. Postoperatively, cerebral angiography and SPECT with Diamox were performed. The angiograms revealed a phenomenon the authors term \"pial collateral shift,\" an adaptive redistribution of pial collateral flow following cerebral revascularization, specifically an increase in pial collateral flow toward the non-bypassed hemisphere in those 3 cases. Postoperative SPECT with Diamox demonstrated normalization of cerebrovascular reserve in both hemispheres, eliminating the need for contralateral revascularization.</p><p><strong>Lessons: </strong>Pial collateral shift observed on the postoperative angiogram suggests a fully augmentative bypass. Patients with bilateral MMD should be reassessed after the initial bypass, as bilateral revascularization may not be necessary in all cases. https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE25229.</p>","PeriodicalId":94098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons","volume":"9 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12184528/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical treatment to resect giant intraspinal epidural cavernous hemangioma of Cobb syndrome: illustrative case.","authors":"Yu-Zhe Ying, Gui-Huai Wang, Hooshang Saberi, Hari Shanker Sharma, Zhen-Xing Sun","doi":"10.3171/CASE24838","DOIUrl":"10.3171/CASE24838","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cobb syndrome is a rare nonfamilial neurocutaneous syndrome. It is characterized by vascular malformations of the skin, spine, spinal membrane, and spinal cord of the same body segment. However, epidural cavernous hemangioma as the main manifestation of intravertebral canal space is extremely rare, and the treatment is often more complex and difficult. Only a few cases have been reported.</p><p><strong>Observations: </strong>Here, the author reported a case of Cobb syndrome with a large intraspinal cavernous hemangioma in a 23-year-old man with paresthesia and paralysis of both lower limbs. The authors highlight the case presentation, operative technique, and postoperative course. Following surgery, there were no immediate surgical complications, and the patient noted clinical improvement in neurological function.</p><p><strong>Lessons: </strong>This report presents a case of Cobb syndrome involving a large spinal epidural cavernous hemangioma, with the aim to enhance the understanding of this rare condition. Although delayed treatment still yielded favorable recovery in this case, early MRI screening (in patients with cutaneous hemangiomas and neurological symptoms) could prevent irreversible spinal cord damage. An ultrasonic bone cutter should be considered the instrument of choice for epidural hypervascular lesions, particularly in reoperations or high-bleeding-risk scenarios, due to its hemostatic mechanical effect, which minimizes intraoperative risks (dural injury or major hemorrhage). https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE24838.</p>","PeriodicalId":94098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons","volume":"9 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12184525/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management and outcomes for thoracic anterior spinal artery aneurysms: illustrative case.","authors":"S Harrison Farber, Luke A Mugge, Nikhil Dholaria, Lea Scherschinski, Redi Rahmani, Joseph D DiDomenico, Andrew F Ducruet, Jay D Turner, Michael T Lawton","doi":"10.3171/CASE24649","DOIUrl":"10.3171/CASE24649","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Anterior spinal artery (ASA) aneurysms are uncommon and difficult to diagnose due to their variable presentation and limited visibility with traditional imaging. They often present with severe back pain from rupture and spinal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). There are few published studies and no established treatment recommendations. This study reports a ruptured thoracic ASA aneurysm treated with clip reconstruction and reviews the literature.</p><p><strong>Observations: </strong>A man in his late 40s presented with sudden, intense interscapular pain that progressed to paraplegia and sensory loss below T5. He regained neurological function within 6 hours, with residual back pain. Imaging showed SAH and an aneurysm from the left ASA at T5. After a left T4 costotransversectomy, the aneurysm was clipped, and postoperative angiography confirmed ASA patency and aneurysm occlusion. A review of 31 patients (mean [SD] age 43.4 [17.8] years) showed varied treatments: microsurgery (n = 13, 42%), endovascular embolization (n = 3, 10%), conservative management (n = 13, 42%), and surgical exploration followed by conservative management (n = 1, 3%). Complete symptom resolution occurred in 45% (n = 14) of cases.</p><p><strong>Lessons: </strong>Thoracic ASA aneurysms present diagnostic and treatment challenges. This case illustrates that open microsurgical treatment can successfully decompress the spinal cord and occlude the aneurysm while preserving parent artery flow. https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE24649.</p>","PeriodicalId":94098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons","volume":"9 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12184527/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diaphragm pacing for central hypoventilation syndrome due to unilateral cerebellomedullary infarction: illustrative case.","authors":"Hiroki Kobayashi, Ryuta Yamada, Yuichi Nomura, Naoki Oka, Jouji Kokuzawa, Yasuhiko Kaku","doi":"10.3171/CASE25172","DOIUrl":"10.3171/CASE25172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Central hypoventilation syndrome due to unilateral cerebellomedullary infarction is rare and difficult to manage using conventional treatment. Diaphragm pacing can support ventilation in patients with hypoventilation syndrome, mainly because of the high risk of cervical injury. There have been few reports of diaphragm pacing for central hypoventilation syndrome due to unilateral cerebellomedullary infarction.</p><p><strong>Observations: </strong>A 77-year-old man presented with dizziness, truncal ataxia, and dysarthria. MRI showed cerebral infarction in the right lateral medulla oblongata and right cerebellar hemisphere. The patient presented with respiratory failure immediately after admission. The patient required mechanical ventilation and tracheostomy support. Spontaneous breathing was insufficient, particularly during sleep. After a 2-month interval, the ventilator-dependent patient underwent diaphragm pacing. He was weaned from the ventilator 13 days after diaphragm pacing.</p><p><strong>Lessons: </strong>The authors reported successful treatment with diaphragm pacing for central hypoventilation syndrome due to unilateral cerebellomedullary infarction. Diaphragm pacing is a good treatment option for patients with central hypoventilation syndrome. https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE25172.</p>","PeriodicalId":94098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons","volume":"9 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12184532/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sequential and coexisting bilateral suboccipital cavernous sinus arteriovenous fistulas successfully treated with unilateral transvenous coil embolization: illustrative case.","authors":"Ryosuke Ogura, Kouichirou Okamoto, Toru Takino, Tomoaki Suzuki, Hitoshi Hasegawa, Makoto Oishi","doi":"10.3171/CASE25137","DOIUrl":"10.3171/CASE25137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The suboccipital cavernous sinus (SCS) is a venous compartment surrounding the horizontal segment of the vertebral artery (VAh), from the transverse foramen of the atlas (C1) to the dura mater at the foramen magnum. The SCS is structurally and functionally similar to the cavernous sinus (CS). The CS is frequently involved in dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs), and bilateral CS-DAVFs are not rare. However, SCS-arteriovenous fistulas (SCS-AVFs) are extremely rare, with no documented cases of bilateral occurrence.</p><p><strong>Observations: </strong>A 58-year-old renovation worker presented with a right SCS-AVF and pulsatile tinnitus, which worsened at night. After diagnostic cerebral angiography, his tinnitus slightly improved, but worsened again 6 months later, becoming bilateral and significantly affecting his sleep and daily life. Repeat cerebral angiography demonstrated decreased feeding arteries and draining veins of the right SCS-AVF, with a new left SCS-AVF. Treatment of the dominant left SCS-AVF with ipsilateral transvenous embolization with coils (TVE-c) led to gradual improvement in residual SCS-AVFs, and the tinnitus completely disappeared within 1 year.</p><p><strong>Lessons: </strong>Similar to bilateral CS-DAVFs, which can be obliterated with unilateral TVE-c, the bilateral SCS-AVFs in this patient were successfully managed with unilateral TVE-c. Treatment strategies for bilateral SCS-AVFs may therefore resemble those for bilateral CS-DAVFs. https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE25137.</p>","PeriodicalId":94098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons","volume":"9 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12184526/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous two-level minimally invasive lumbar laminectomy performed with dual tubular retractor systems in a 93-year-old under spinal anesthesia: illustrative case.","authors":"Parker R Buck, Jean-Paul Bryant, Jeffrey J Stewart, Dhiraj Jagasia, Jean-Marc Voyadzis","doi":"10.3171/CASE2521","DOIUrl":"10.3171/CASE2521","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lumbar spinal stenosis is a common degenerative condition in elderly patients that often requires surgical intervention. Minimally invasive techniques combined with spinal anesthesia (SA) can reduce patient complications and improve outcomes. Here the authors present the case of an elderly patient who underwent minimally invasive surgery, using dual tubular retractors and SA to address severe lumbar stenosis.</p><p><strong>Observations: </strong>A 93-year-old female presented with severe back pain radiating bilaterally to her lower extremities. MRI demonstrated severe central canal stenosis at L4-5 and severe left lateral recess stenosis at L5-S1. Under SA, the patient underwent both L4 and L5 laminectomies simultaneously with two surgeons using dual tubular retractors. The patient was ambulatory within 4 hours of surgery with complete symptom resolution.</p><p><strong>Lessons: </strong>SA can be utilized safely during spinal surgery in the geriatric population. The use of dual tubular retractors by two surgeons working simultaneously allows for a safe and efficient decompression of stenosis at multiple levels. Dual tubular retractors can safely be used in conjunction with SA to achieve maximal benefit to the patient and surgical efficiency. https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE2521.</p>","PeriodicalId":94098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons","volume":"9 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12184524/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Staged carotid artery stenting for nilotinib-induced cervical internal carotid artery stenosis: illustrative case.","authors":"Kakeru Kushino, Tomoya Kamide, Takashi Muranaka, Yoka Hirano, Kenshu Nogami, Sho Takata, Daisuke Wajima, Kouichi Misaki, Mitsutoshi Nakada","doi":"10.3171/CASE25153","DOIUrl":"10.3171/CASE25153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nilotinib is known to cause vascular adverse events. No case of staged carotid artery stenting (CAS) for cervical internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis by nilotinib has been reported. This report describes a case of staged CAS for nilotinib-induced cervical ICA stenosis.</p><p><strong>Observations: </strong>A 67-year-old man who had been receiving nilotinib for 13 years for chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and had undergone stent placement for arteriosclerosis obliterans 10 years after starting nilotinib treatment developed transient right hemiparesis. MRI and MR angiography showed disseminated high-intensity areas in the left hemisphere and severe stenosis of the left cervical ICA. Single-photon emission CT revealed severe steal phenomenon in the left hemisphere. Therefore, a staged CAS was performed. He made good progress to recovery and was discharged a week after the endovascular surgery.</p><p><strong>Lessons: </strong>An increasing number of patients are being treated with nilotinib because of its effectiveness in treating CML. Therefore, clinicians should recognize that patients treated with nilotinib may develop adverse vascular events, including those affecting the cervical and intracranial arteries. https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE25153.</p>","PeriodicalId":94098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons","volume":"9 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12184530/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144478322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robot-assisted trigeminal nerve rhizotomy with radiofrequency ablation using Globus ExcelsiusGPS: illustrative case.","authors":"Joseph Rajasekaran, Rajan Thakore, Rohaid Ali, Hael Abdulrazeq, Carlin Chuck, Deus Cielo, Clark C Chen, Prakash Sampath","doi":"10.3171/CASE2510","DOIUrl":"10.3171/CASE2510","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a disorder of chronic facial pain and can be treated by radiofrequency ablation (RFA) rhizotomy of the trigeminal nerve. The use of robotic systems like the Globus ExcelsiusGPS may enhance precision and safety in intracranial procedures.</p><p><strong>Observations: </strong>A 58-year-old male with a history of TN unresponsive to multiple treatments, including microvascular decompression (MVD) and Gamma Knife radiosurgery, underwent robot-assisted RFA rhizotomy. The Globus ExcelsiusGPS robot was used to guide a needle precisely to the gasserian ganglion through the foramen ovale. The needle's trajectory was confirmed via intraoperative CT, and RFA was performed at 70°C for 90 seconds. The procedure was well tolerated with no complications. The patient reported immediate improvement in left-sided facial pain postoperatively and was discharged the following day. At the 2-week follow-up, the patient showed resolution of preoperative symptoms. The successful implementation of robot-assisted RFA rhizotomy using the Globus ExcelsiusGPS robot for TN resulted in significant pain relief and minimal complications.</p><p><strong>Lessons: </strong>This report demonstrates the potential of robot-assisted RFA in improving surgical precision, control, and patient outcomes in TN treatment. Further investigation into the long-term efficacy and safety of this innovative approach is warranted to fully understand its benefits and accuracy. https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE2510.</p>","PeriodicalId":94098,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurosurgery. Case lessons","volume":"9 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12171105/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144311103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}