JDS communications最新文献

{"title":"Near-infrared spectroscopy analysis to predict urinary allantoin in dairy cows","authors":"Leonardo A.C. Ribeiro ,&nbsp;Guilherme L. Menezes ,&nbsp;Tiago Bresolin ,&nbsp;Sebastian I. Arriola Apelo ,&nbsp;Joao R.R. Dórea","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0641","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0641","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate quantification of rumen microbial proteins is essential in dairy cow nutrition to estimate the ruminal escape of dietary protein and microbial yield. Current quantification methods rely on indirect measurements using purine derivatives (PD). However, these methods require specialized laboratory equipment and trained personnel, resources which are often not available in farm settings. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) has emerged as a powerful tool for predicting the attributes of biological samples, including meat, corn, soybeans, and liquids. Given that allantoin is the primary component in PD, this study aims to (1) develop a predictive model for allantoin levels in urine using NIR and (2) identify key spectral regions for future applications. A total of 182 urine samples were collected from 182 Holstein cows for colorimetric analysis of allantoin and spectral analysis. The raw spectra were preprocessed using scatter correlation methods and spectral derivatives. The partial least squares regression model achieved an R² of 0.55, a concordance correlation coefficient of 0.73, and a root mean squared error of prediction (RMSEP) of 3.63 mmol/L to predict allantoin concentration from the spectra data set without preprocessing. However, the use of the first derivative (FirstDev) as a preprocessing step reduced the RMSEP from 3.63 mmol/L to 3.25 mmol/L and increased the R² from 0.55 to 0.62. The FirstDev improves spectral resolution by eliminating the constant baseline, potentially explaining the improved model accuracy. Our method has the potential to evaluate the passage rate of microbial protein represented by the changes in urinary allantoin extraction and the potential to be used for AA dietary balance, thereby improving environmental sustainability and profitability in dairy farms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 2","pages":"Pages 212-216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A preliminary study on the effects of red Bonnemaisonia hamifera seaweed on methane emissions from dairy cows","authors":"M. Thorsteinsson ,&nbsp;A.A. Schönherz ,&nbsp;S.J. Noel ,&nbsp;Z. Cai ,&nbsp;Z. Niu ,&nbsp;A.L.F. Hellwing ,&nbsp;P. Lund ,&nbsp;M.R. Weisbjerg ,&nbsp;M.O. Nielsen","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0670","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0670","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The red seaweed <em>Bonnemaisonia hamifera</em> has shown potential as a CH₄-mitigating feed additive in vitro, and hence, this pilot study aimed to investigate the potential of the seaweed when fed to dairy cows. The study was conducted as a 4 × 4 Latin square using 4 Danish Holstein cows with 4 periods of 7 d where the cows were placed in respiration chambers for the last 3 d. Milk yield and feed intake were recorded daily. The cows were fed a TMR without <em>B. hamifera</em> (control) or the same diet with the addition of, on a DM basis, 0.33% (low), 0.66% (medium), and 1% (high) <em>B. hamifera</em>. Increasing inclusion levels of <em>B. hamifera</em> linearly decreased CH₄ emissions with up to a 13.3% reduction in daily CH₄ production (g/d), 15.7% reduction in CH₄ yield (g/kg DMI), and 16.4% reduction in CH₄ intensity (g/kg ECM). In contrast, linear increases were observed in daily H₂ production (g/d), H₂ yield (g/kg DMI), and H₂ intensity (g/kg ECM). The exact nature of the antimethanogenic compounds in <em>B. hamifera</em> is unknown; however, the concentration of the potentially harmful compound, bromoform, was remarkably lower in <em>B. hamifera</em> compared with reported concentrations in the known antimethanogenic red seaweed <em>Asparagopsis taxiformis.</em> In conclusion, <em>B. hamifera</em> showed CH₄-mitigating properties in this preliminary study, but further in vivo studies are needed to fully evaluate the potential of the seaweed as an antimethanogenic feed additive.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 2","pages":"Pages 217-222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"greenfeedr: An R package for processing and reporting GreenFeed data","authors":"Guillermo Martinez-Boggio ,&nbsp;Patrick Lutz ,&nbsp;Meredith Harrison ,&nbsp;Kent A. Weigel ,&nbsp;Francisco Peñagaricano","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0662","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0662","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Greenhouse gases produced by livestock are important contributors to climate change. The ability to measure large-scale exhaled metabolic gases from cattle using GreenFeed systems will help farmers to reduce enteric emissions while maintaining or increasing cow productivity. GreenFeed units are portable chamber systems that measure individual animal gas production in real time. Thus, the machines generate large amounts of daily data that can be overwhelming for users to process. This challenge motivated us to develop an R package named <em>greenfeedr</em> that offers functions for downloading, processing, and reporting GreenFeed data. Herein, we describe all functions implemented in the <em>greenfeedr</em> R package and present examples based on dairy cow data. The R package has functions for downloading GreenFeed data (<em>get_gfdata</em>), for generating daily and final reports (<em>report_gfdata</em>), for processing daily and final records (<em>process_gfdata</em>), and extra functions that help to extract information regarding pellet intakes and daily visits (<em>pellin</em> and <em>viseat</em>). Using our example data with 32 lactating dairy cows, we demonstrated the capabilities of the different functions to generate easy-to-read reports and process large amount of data. Also, we included in the function <em>process_gfdata</em> some parameters that will help users to define the best criteria to process their own GreenFeed data. Overall, <em>greenfeedr</em> represents an important advancement in the management and analysis of GreenFeed data, offering an efficient tool tailored to the needs of the user.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 2","pages":"Pages 227-230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term effects of abomasal infusion of linoleic and linolenic acids on the enrichment of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids into milk fat of lactating cows","authors":"J.M. dos Santos Neto,&nbsp;L.C. Worden,&nbsp;J.P. Boerman ,&nbsp;C.M. Bradley ,&nbsp;A.L. Lock","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0627","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0627","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Our objective was to compare abomasal infusions of linoleic (18:2n-6) and α-linolenic (18:3n-3) acid on the incorporation of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids (FA) into the milk fat of dairy cows and to evaluate their potential carryover effects. Six rumen-cannulated multiparous Holstein cows (252 ± 33 DIM) were fed the same diet and assigned to 1 of 2 treatments in a completely randomized design with repeated measures. Treatments were abomasal infusions (67 g/d total FA) of (1) n-6 FA blend (N6) to provide ∼43 g/d 18:2n-6 and 8 g/d of 18:3n-3; or (2) n-3 FA blend (N3) providing 43 g/d 18:3n-3 and 8 g/d 18:2n-6. The treatment period lasted from d 1 to 20, and the carryover period lasted from d 21 to 36. Compared with N6, the N3 treatment increased the yields of total n-3 FA, 18:3n-3, and eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3) from d 4 to 20, decreased total n-6 FA from d 8 to 20 and 18:2n-6 from d 8 to 16, and tended to decrease arachidonic acid (20:4n-6) from d 12 to 16. During the treatment period, n-3 FA transfer efficiency to milk for N3 was 47%, whereas n-6 FA transfer efficiency to milk for N6 was 39%. A similar pattern was observed for milk FA content, with N3 increasing the contents of total n-3 FA, 18:3n-3, and 20:5n-3 from d 4 to 20; and decreasing total n-6 FA from d 4 to 20, 18:2n-6 from d 4 to 16, and 20:4n-6 from d 12 to 16 compared with N6. We only observed positive carryover effects for N3, with the treatment increasing or tending to increase the yield of n-3 FA until d 28 and increasing the content of total n-3 FA until d 26. We observed no carryover effects for N6. In addition, we did not detect 22:6n-3 either during the treatment or carryover periods. In conclusion, abomasally infusing N3 and N6 for 20 d increased the yields and contents of n-3 and n-6 FA in milk fat, respectively. Interestingly, the increases were more pronounced in n-3 than in n-6 milk FA, with a transfer efficiency of 47% and 39% during the treatment period, respectively. Furthermore, a positive carryover effect was observed only for n-3 FA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 2","pages":"Pages 206-211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of fatty acids as bioactive nutrients on the development of offspring","authors":"Ana C. Carranza-Martin ,&nbsp;Donald L. Palmquist ,&nbsp;Alejandro E. Relling","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0654","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fatty acids (FA) are normally considered a source of energy. However, some FA are essential nutrients with different biological functions, such as ligands for membrane and nuclear receptors; upon binding, they modify cell function and transcript expression. The bioactive effects of the FA depend on the FA type and family (i.e., n-6 vs. n-3). The FA effects on developmental programming have been studied in cattle and sheep, with some similarities in the outcomes between species. Feeding n-3 FA during late gestation improves offspring production performance (i.e., milk yield in dairy cows and growth in beef cattle and sheep) compared with the offspring of dams supplemented with mono- and unsaturated FA or with offspring of dams with no FA supplementation. Also, there is a sexual dimorphism in the outcomes of n-3 FA supplementation, where the increase in growth due to n-3 FA seems to be more evident in males, but it might decrease growth in females. There are multiple assumptions as to how this physiological process occurs. Based on published literature, the developmental effect does not appear to be due to changes in hypothalamic regulations of DMI and energy expenditure or liver and adipose tissue functions. The changes in offspring growth can be attributed to changes in gastrointestinal tract physiology, changes in immune response, or both, probably due to epigenetic changes in those tissues. Feeding n-3 FA in late gestation to the pregnant dam increases expression of amino acid transporters (mRNA and protein) in the offspring's duodenum, associated with changes in DNA methylation. Regarding immune function, the increase in offspring performance has been associated with decreased haptoglobin after weaning in calves or increases in lipid mediators, such as resolvin-D1 at birth. Supplementation with n-3 FA during late gestation affects offspring growth; changes in the offspring's gut and immune system biology can explain the sexual dysmorphism observed in changed body weight; however, we are unaware which of these basic mechanisms is responsible for the observed changes in biology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 2","pages":"Pages 272-276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Values shared by journals of learned societies, associations, and scientific institutions in animal science","authors":"I. Ortigues-Marty ,&nbsp;I. Louveau ,&nbsp;G. Bee ,&nbsp;J.W. Oltjen ,&nbsp;P.J. Kononoff ,&nbsp;J.A.A. McArt ,&nbsp;C. Thomas ,&nbsp;B.D. Fairchild ,&nbsp;M. Kogut ,&nbsp;E. Huff-Lonergan","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0713","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0713","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 2","pages":"Pages 181-183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating cow identification reliability of a camera-based locomotion and body condition scoring system in dairy cows","authors":"D. Swartz,&nbsp;E. Shepley,&nbsp;G. Cramer","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0659","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0659","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dairy farms are growing in size, while the total number of farms is decreasing. As herd sizes grow, technology is increasingly adopted for monitoring and managing cows. However, for technology to replace subjective and labor-intensive tasks, accurate technologies are needed. Camera-based systems are being explored for improving management, particularly around lameness and body condition scoring. A key requirement a camera-based technology is its ability to accurately identify the animal being observed. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the cow identification (ID) accuracy of a camera-based technology that locomotion scores and body condition scores dairy cattle. Secondary objectives were to determine the number of days required for initial identification and evaluate the frequency of animal recognition. Two dairy sites in Minnesota were visited twice and a total of 105 cows were enrolled from site A (n = 40) and site B (n = 65). Each cow had their cow ID and radio frequency identification recorded. All cows that had been in the pen for 5 or less days were enrolled in the study and had a combination of colors, letters, and numbers painted on their rumps as unique identifiers (paint ID; PID). The video feed from the camera-based technology was observed daily from the company website for 7 d. A cow was recorded as correctly identified if the website had an uploaded video for a cow's ID that matched its PID. Successful identification was defined as the proportion of cow ID for which video was uploaded to the user platform within 7 d from the start of the study, regardless of accuracy. Correct identification was subsequently calculated as the proportion of these successfully identified cows that had a PID corresponding to their PID. The days under the camera were calculated by including the time cows would have been exposed to the camera before our 7-d observation period. Additionally, days identified reflect the total number of days that cows were identified (correctly or incorrectly) and scored during the observation period. Of the 103 cows enrolled, 87 (84.5%; 95% CI: 76%–91%) of cows were successfully identified during the 7-d study period. One cow from those 87 was incorrectly identified, resulting in a correct identification of 98.9% (95% CI: 94%–100%). Of the 86 correctly identified cows, all cows were observed between days 4 and 11 under the camera. Of the cows identified, they were identified 1 to 7 times. This technology accurately identifies cows, but 16 cows were not initially identified and ended with a minimum and maximum of 7 and 11 d under the camera, respectively. To allow management decisions to be made early in lactation or for new cows entering the herd, the technology will need to accurately identify all cows within the first week of being exposed to the camera.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 2","pages":"Pages 202-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Testing preference of alfalfa hay of different relative feed value and brome hay in lactating Jersey cows","authors":"K.K. Buse,&nbsp;P.J. Kononoff","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0653","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Forages comprise a large portion of dairy cattle rations, and quality can have a large influence on feed intake and milk production. Although factors like particle size, fiber content, and digestibility affect it, palatability can also play a role in feed intake. The objective of this study was to conduct an experiment to evaluate the effect of relative feed value (RFV) on feed preference. A taste preference sequential elimination experiment using 16 lactating Jersey cows (210 ± 4 DIM, 27.4 ± 3.24 kg/d milk yield, 19.6 ± 1.52 kg/d DMI; ± SD) was conducted to test this objective. Reduced-lignin alfalfa hay diets with a high RFV (213; HIRFV), mid RFV (163; MDRFV), and low RFV (94; LORFV) were compared with a control smooth brome grass hay (75 RFV; Brome). Cows were offered 0.45 kg of each alfalfa treatment and 0.23 kg of the hay treatment in a randomized arrangement within the feed bunk for 1 h or until the feed was fully consumed or consumed in the greatest amount. Feeds were offered for 9 d with all treatments offered the first 4 d. The most preferred feed was then removed, and the remaining 3 feeds were offered for 3 d. The process was repeated for the last 2 d. Feed preference was ranked from 1 to 4 with 1 being the most preferred and 4 the least; this was in the order they were removed. The rankings of each treatment for each cow were summed and averaged. The probability of a treatment being chosen first was determined using the Plackett-Luce model. The preference ranking of HIRFV was highest (1.06 ± 0.25), followed by LORFV (2.56 ± 0.63), MDRFV (2.75 ± 0.58), and Brome (3.25 ± 0.93). The probability of HIRFV being selected first is 95.7% ± 0.79%, whereas the probabilities of LORFV, MDRFV, and Brome being selected first are 2.09% ± 0.38%, 1.70% ± 0.38%, and 0.55% ± 0.46%, respectively. These results support the notion that higher quality alfalfa hay is preferred by cows. The secondary preference of LORFV could be associated with the presence of byproducts of Maillard reactions, which would lower the RFV while providing more favorable flavors than were present in MDRFV and Brome.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 2","pages":"Pages 223-226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic analysis of daily milk weights in US Holsteins using pen-based contemporary groups","authors":"Fiona L. Guinan ,&nbsp;Robert H. Fourdraine ,&nbsp;Francisco Peñagaricano ,&nbsp;Kent A. Weigel","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0635","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0635","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The availability of daily milk weights and pen location information provides an interesting opportunity to capture additional data and review how contemporary groups are defined for dairy cattle genetic evaluations. In the United States, dairy cows in larger herds are grouped into pens according to various characteristics such as parity, production level, reproductive status, lactation stage, and health status. Our dataset included pen location information for each daily milk weight, so instead of using herd-year-season of calving to form contemporary groups, we used herd-pen-milking date to more precisely model the environmental effects cows experience at the pen level on a given day. Our dataset included 21,000,951 aggregated daily milk records from 114,243 first-parity Holstein cows milked 3 times daily in conventional parlor systems in 157 herds representing 29 US states. Our phenotype of interest was daily milk weight, and alternative repeatability animal models were used to estimate genetic parameters and predict breeding values. Age at first calving (6 levels) and DIM (10 levels) were included as fixed effects and cow (114,243 levels) was included as a random effect. Contemporary group effects included a fixed or random herd-year-season of calving effect (1,492 levels) and a fixed or random herd-pen-milking date effect (285,592 levels). Genetic parameters (kg²; posterior SD) were estimated using GIBBSF90+ software. The additive genetic variance ranged from 10.48 (0.60) to 24.12 (0.66), herd-year-season variance was 10.34 (0.40), herd-pen-milking date variance ranged from 4.91 (0.02) to 4.96 (0.02), permanent environmental variance ranged from 10.65 (0.44) to 16.94 (0.30), and residual variance ranged from 11.81 (0.01) to 14.60 (0.01). Heritability estimates ranged from 0.21 (0.01) to 0.47 (0.01), and repeatability estimates ranged from 0.51 (0.01) to 0.71 (0.01), and mean reliability of sires' breeding value predictions ranged from 0.81 to 0.89. Although caution is needed when disentangling associations between genetic effects, permanent environmental effects, and herd-pen-milking date contemporary groups, our results suggest that using daily milk weights and pen locations may improve the precision of genetic evaluations through increased sire PTA reliabilities for milk production traits in dairy cattle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 2","pages":"Pages 237-240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of disbudding on behavior and heart rate during jugular venipuncture in dairy calves","authors":"Alycia M. Drwencke ,&nbsp;Haley Garcia ,&nbsp;Sarah J.J. Adcock ,&nbsp;Cassandra B. Tucker","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0655","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0655","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Disbudding is a common painful procedure that alters physiological and behavioral responses in calves. Other routine management procedures are commonly performed on calves while these disbudding wounds are healing, such as vaccine injections, jugular venipuncture to check for passive immunity, and ear tagging. Although disbudding is known to cause long-lasting pain, the effects of an additional invasive procedure on calf behavior and heart rate when wounds are present are understudied. To evaluate the effects of multiple, consecutive routine management procedures, we tested whether calves were more reactive to handling and a jugular venipuncture that occurred 3 d after caustic paste disbudding compared with those that were not disbudded. We assigned 26 heifers to 2 treatments at 3 d of age: sham handling (n = 13) or caustic paste disbudding (n = 13). Three days after paste was applied, heart rate and 3 behaviors (hindleg lifts, foreleg lifts, struggling) were observed while the calves were restrained and a jugular venipuncture was performed. Disbudded calves performed more hindleg lifts during the venipuncture than non-disbudded calves (mean ± SE: paste = 7.5 ± 1.1; control = 4.1 ± 0.6 lifts/min), although we found no evidence of a significant difference in average heart rate (mean ± SE: paste = 142 ± 4; control = 148 ± 7 beats/min), foreleg lifts (mean ± SE: paste = 3.3 ± 0.4; control = 2.9 ± 0.5 lifts/min), or struggling (mean ± SE: paste = 0.03 ± 0.01; control = 0.03 ± 0.01 proportion of handling time). However, foreleg lifts and struggling were likely hindered by the restraint used. Similarly, heart rate may have reached a ceiling effect associated with the stress of handling. The difference in hindleg lifts provides preliminary evidence that disbudded calves are more responsive to the combination of handling and jugular venipuncture 3 d later than non-disbudded controls.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 2","pages":"Pages 245-249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}