JDS communications最新文献

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Evaluating cow identification reliability of a camera-based locomotion and body condition scoring system in dairy cows” (JDS Commun. 6:202–205)","authors":"D. Swartz, E. Shepley, G. Cramer","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2025-6-5-720","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2025-6-5-720","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 5","pages":"Page 720"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using automated activity monitoring to detect resumption of cyclicity in early lactation—Meta-analysis","authors":"S. Borchardt ,&nbsp;T.A. Burnett ,&nbsp;T.C. Bruinjé ,&nbsp;A.M.L. Madureira","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2025-0785","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2025-0785","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of automated activity monitoring (AAM) in detecting estrous expression and ovulatory status in cows during the voluntary waiting period (VWP). A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar using specific search terms. Inclusion criteria focused on studies that assessed estrous expression within the VWP using modern AAM systems alongside blood progesterone (P4) measurements. Four manuscripts involving 2,198 cows were included. Data extraction was performed by a single investigator and validated by a coauthor. The analysis considered estrous expression and ovulatory status determined through serial blood P4 measurements. Cows were classified based on P4 concentrations and estrus alerts into true positive, false positive, true negative, and false negative categories. Statistical analyses were conducted using MedCalc, incorporating 7 experimental groups from the selected manuscripts. The pooled proportion of ovulatory cows with P4 ≥1 ng/mL by 49 DIM (in most studies) was 79.8% (95% CI: 74.9%–84.3%), with significant heterogeneity (I² = 86.1%). The proportion of cows with estrous expression detected by AAM by 60 DIM (in most studies) was 64.0% (95% CI: 48.3%–78.3%), also showing significant heterogeneity (I² = 98.1%). Sensitivity and specificity of AAM systems to identify ovulatory cows were 70.3% (95% CI: 55.1%–83.4%) and 60.0% (95% CI: 42.5%–76.3%), respectively, both with significant heterogeneity. Positive predictive value was 88.1% (95% CI: 84.9%–91.0%), and negative predictive value was 35.3% (95% CI: 26.3%–44.7%), indicating variability among experimental groups. The findings suggest that although AAM systems show promise in confirming ovulation in early lactation, the lack of estrus detection by AAM does not confirm anovulatory status. The heterogeneity in the data suggests there might be inconsistencies in the precision or configuration of the AAM systems across farms and studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 5","pages":"Pages 705-709"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A respirometry system designed for small ruminants","authors":"C.S. Silva,&nbsp;J. Diavão,&nbsp;E.F. Motta,&nbsp;A.S. Silva,&nbsp;R.G. Tonucci,&nbsp;T.R. Tomich,&nbsp;F.S. Machado,&nbsp;M.M. Campos","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2025-0755","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2025-0755","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This technical note describes a small ruminant respiration chamber system designed to accurately quantify the production of carbon dioxide (CO₂) and methane (CH₄). The system consists of 3 open-circuit respiration chambers, flow meters, gas analyzers, and an accessible environmental control system. To validate its performance, gas recovery tests were conducted by injecting CO₂ and CH₄ at 4 constant flow rates: 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, and 1.6 standard liters per minute (SLPM) for CO₂, and 0.16, 0.20, 0.24, and 0.28 SLPM for CH₄. Each injection level was tested across the 3 chambers. The average percentage recoveries for CO₂ and CH₄ were 97.8% ± 1.46% for chamber 1, 101.1% ± 1.49% for chamber 2, and 104.1% ± 1.98% for chamber 3 and 98.7% ± 0.97% for chamber 1, 99.4% ± 2.06% for chamber 2, and 101.6% ± 2.90% for chamber 3, respectively, demonstrating the system's accuracy in quantifying livestock GHG emissions from small ruminants, such as young cattle, goats, and sheep. Therefore, this system represents a viable methodology for nutritional and environmental studies with small ruminants. Future studies conducted in this facility can contribute to a better understanding of the dynamic and flow of GHG emissions in small ruminants and target measures to increase the sustainability of small ruminant production systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 5","pages":"Pages 669-674"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feeding of high-quality hay modulates hepatic lipid and energy metabolism in weaned dairy calves","authors":"Barbara U. Metzler-Zebeli ,&nbsp;Arife Sener-Aydemir ,&nbsp;Georg Terler ,&nbsp;Qendrim Zebeli","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2025-0793","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2025-0793","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study aimed to investigate the effects of feeding different hay qualities with or without concentrate supplementation on the mRNA expression of genes related to hepatic lipid and glucose metabolism and cellular energy status in weaned calves. Holstein Friesian calves (5 per dietary group) were fed 4 solid diets: (1) 100% medium-quality hay (MQH; 9.4 MJ of ME, 149 g CP, 522 g NDF/kg of DM); (2) 100% high-quality hay (HQH; 11.2 MJ of ME, 210 g CP, 455 g NDF/kg of DM); (3) 30% medium-quality hay + 70% starter concentrate (MQHC); and (4) 30% high-quality hay + 70% starter concentrate (HQHC). Calves were slaughtered at 100 ± 4 d of age and an average BW of 128.8 ± 19.8 kg. Liver tissue was collected, snap-frozen in liquid N₂, and used in the mRNA expression experiment. The trend for lower mRNA expression of AMP-kinase with HQH compared with MQH indicated higher energetic status of hepatocytes with HQH, which probably triggered the increased mRNA expression of enzymes responsible for lipogenesis and cholesterogenesis. The greater hepatic availability of propionate with the hay-concentrate diets may have upregulated the mRNA expression of AMP-kinase by triggering gluconeogenesis. Both HQH and concentrate supplementation downregulated genes related to nutrient catabolism, such as fatty acid oxidation or amino acid breakdown. In conclusion, results demonstrate the importance of the type of solid feed for the energetic state and respective signaling in hepatocytes of weaned calves.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 5","pages":"Pages 700-704"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relative milk production of dairy cattle in tropical Costa Rica that are heterozygous and homozygous for the SLICK1 allele","authors":"E.G. Donkersloot ,&nbsp;A.M. Winkelman ,&nbsp;I.L. Leathwick ,&nbsp;J.A. Arias ,&nbsp;J. Manuel-Sanchez ,&nbsp;R.J. Spelman ,&nbsp;S.R. Davis","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2025-0810","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2025-0810","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>SLICK1 is an allelic variant of the prolactin receptor (<em>PRLR</em>) that is found in Senepol beef cattle. The presence of a single copy of this allele produces a short hair coat and confers heat tolerance. We aimed to determine the effect of 2 copies of this allele on milking performance of dairy cattle. Data were obtained from a commercial dairy farm in Costa Rica where crossbreeding of the dairy herd with Senepol had been undertaken for more than 15 yr. Random regression modeling was used to generate lactation curves for individual cattle. Homozygous SLICK1 cows produced 9% more milk (356 L), predominantly over the first 200 d of a 305-d lactation. Milk production of wild-type cattle in the same herd was much lower than SLICK1 carriers, but the number of cows in this group was too low (n = 13) to provide a conclusive assessment of milking performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 5","pages":"Pages 710-713"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonesterified fatty acids during the dry period and their association with peripartum disorders, culling, and pregnancy in dairy cows","authors":"J. Denis-Robichaud ,&nbsp;I. Nicola ,&nbsp;H. Chupin ,&nbsp;J.-P. Roy ,&nbsp;S. Buczinski ,&nbsp;V. Fauteux ,&nbsp;N. Picard-Hagen ,&nbsp;J. Dubuc","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2025-0784","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2025-0784","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this ambidirectional observational cohort study was to explore how nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) 22 to 35 d before calving were related to NEFA 1 to 14 d before calving and to determine a threshold that could be used to identify cows at risk of poor postpartum health. We enrolled 855 dairy cows from 46 herds, 362 prospectively and 493 retrospectively. The NEFA concentrations were measured during the far-off period (foNEFA; 3 to 5 wk before calving) and in the close-up period (cuNEFA; up to 2 wk before calving), and postpartum infectious and metabolic disorders, reproduction success, and culling were recorded. Using a split dataset, we (1) determined a threshold maximizing the sum of sensitivity and specificity to identify peripartum conditions by classifying elevated NEFA and (2) assessed the associations between elevated NEFA and altered health and reproduction. The associations were expressed as the odds ratio (OR) and the 95% Bayesian credible interval (BCI). The concentration of foNEFA varied from 60 to 700 µmol/L (median = 149), and a threshold of ≥160 µmol/L was identified. Cows with elevated foNEFA had greater odds to have elevated cuNEFA (OR = 183, 95% BCI = 52.1–458), hyperketonemia (OR = 2.0, 95% BCI = 1.0–3.6), displaced abomasum (OR = 12.3, 95% BCI = 1.6–45.8), metritis (OR = 9.4, 95% BCI = 1.3–36.0), and clinical mastitis (OR = 5.8, 95% BCI = 1.9–12.1) than cows below the threshold. Our results suggest that foNEFA, using a threshold of ≥160 µmol/L, could be used by veterinarians as a monitoring or investigating tool to assess cows' negative energy balance before calving, even earlier than 2 wk prepartum. This monitoring could be used to implement early corrective actions to prevent the effect of negative energy balance on reproduction and peripartum health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 5","pages":"Pages 688-693"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transgenerational skin adaptations to late-gestation heat stress in great-granddaughters","authors":"B.D. Davidson,&nbsp;K. Hardy,&nbsp;J. Laporta","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2025-0786","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2025-0786","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Homeostasis and thermoregulation depend on the interplay of the hair and skin. Maternal heat stress in late gestation triggers postnatal hair and skin adaptations in daughters and granddaughters. Herein, we investigated the transgenerational effects of late-gestation heat stress on the hair and skin of the great-granddaughters. Pregnant dams (F₀) were heat stressed (shade) or cooled (shade, fans, water soakers) during the last ~56 d of gestation in a subtropical summer. The first generation of heifers (F₁) that experienced in utero heat stress (HT_F1) or cooling (CL_F1) were managed as a cohort until they gave birth to the second generation of heifers (F₂) that experienced heat stress (HT_F2) or cooling (CL_F2) as a germ cell within the F₁ fetal ovaries. All F₂ heifers were managed as a cohort and gave birth to the third generation of heifers (F₃; great-granddaughters) that were unexposed to the F₀ treatments (HT_F3 and CL_F3). At 70 d of age, a hair sample and skin biopsy were collected from the neck on a subset of F₃ heifers (n = 6/group). Hair length and diameter; skin epidermis thickness and area; dermis thickness; sweat gland (SWTG) number, area, and depth; and sebaceous gland (SEBG) number, area, and depth were evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin staining and analyzed in ImageJ. Data were analyzed using PROC MIXED in SAS. No differences were captured in hair length or diameter, epidermis thickness or area, depth of the shallowest SWTG, depth of the SEBG, dermis thickness, and the number or size of SWTG. The HT_F3 had fewer (13.3 vs. 17.8 ± 1.1 glands) and smaller SEBG (61,641 vs. 89,963 ± 6,768 µm²), relative to CL_F3. Although SWTG number or size did not differ, distance from the skin surface to the deepest SWTG tended to be shorter in the HT_F3 (1.1 vs. 1.3 ± 0.04 mm). Late-gestation heat stress alters SEBG size and number and SWTG localization of F₃ heifers, suggesting a transgenerational programming of postnatal thermal adaptivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 5","pages":"Pages 694-699"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CalfSim tool: A free and user-friendly decision support tool for designing and simulating optimized feeding plans for dairy calves—A prediction assessment study","authors":"T.E. Da Silva,&nbsp;J.H.C. Costa","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2025-0777","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2025-0777","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Optimizing calf feeding strategies is critical for improving performance, health, and weaning transitions of preweaning animals. Despite the updated National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM, 2021) <em>Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle</em>, decision support tools integrating these equations for simulating optimized calf feeding strategies remain limited. To address this gap, we developed and tested the CalfSim, a free, user-friendly decision support tool designed to simulate and optimize feeding plans for dairy calves. CalfSim incorporates inputs that farmers can readily collect, enabling users to establish baseline scenarios, explore “what-if” questions, and evaluate the impacts of nutritional strategies on calf performance and rearing cost. The tool is built based on NASEM (2021) equations, with adaptations for predicting energy-allowable growth and solid feed intake under varying conditions. CalfSim's performance predictions were assessed using data from 27 studies, 24 from the <em>Journal of Dairy Science</em> and 3 other unpublished studies (n = 76 treatments, 258 BW observations, and 1,585 calves), demonstrating accurate and precise predictions (root mean square error = 8.56 kg, R² = 0.91, and concordance correlation coefficient = 0.93). However, farm-specific factors (e.g., disease incidence, environmental stress, genetics) can influence predictions, and these factors are not accounted for. This highlights the need for on-farm data to assist users in making more informed decisions (e.g., by comparing scenarios, calculating cost per kilogram of gain). CalfSim provides actionable insights for designing cost-effective feeding plans, making it a valuable resource for dairy nutritionists, farmers, students, and consultants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 5","pages":"Pages 654-659"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144912375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is methane emission genetically the same trait in young bulls and lactating dairy cows?","authors":"B. Heringstad ,&nbsp;K.A. Bakke","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2025-0792","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2025-0792","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is of interest to examine whether methane (CH₄) emission is genetically the same trait in young bulls and lactating dairy cows. The aim was therefore to estimate the genetic correlation between CH₄ emissions for Norwegian Red young bulls and lactating cows. Measures of CH₄ from GreenFeed (GF) were available from Geno's test station for young bulls and from GF units installed across 14 commercial dairy herds. Data from the years 2020 to 2023 were included. After data editing, the dataset consisted of 771,989 GF visits from 1,370 cows, and from the test station we had 112,071 GF visits from 244 young bulls. Each young bull had, on average, 40 d with CH₄ data, measured at 11 to 12 mo of age. Each visit to the GF provided an estimate of the animal's daily CH₄ emission originating from rumen fermentation. The traits analyzed were grams of CH₄ per animal per day, calculated as the daily average. The mean (SD) for cows and young bulls were 406 (108) and 222 (46) g of daily CH₄, respectively. A bivariate linear animal repeatability model was used to estimate (co)variance components. The estimated heritability (SE) of CH₄ emissions was 0.39 (0.04) for cows and 0.49 (0.15) for young bulls, and the estimated genetic correlation (SE) between the 2 traits was 0.63 (0.22). The large SE reflects that the genetic correlation was estimated based on information from relatively few animals, and results should therefore be interpreted cautiously. However, the results suggest that phenotyping future young artificial insemination bulls is valuable for the genetic evaluation of methane emissions in Norwegian Red, even if CH₄ emission is not exactly the same trait genetically in young bulls and lactating cows.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 5","pages":"Pages 681-682"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144914033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacillus spp. supplementation promotes feed efficiency in mid- to late-lactation dairy cows and affects rumen fermentation traits of rumen-fistulated females offered a corn silage–based total mixed ration diet","authors":"Bruno A.V. Arthur ,&nbsp;Luiz Gustavo Nussio ,&nbsp;Oscar C.M. Queiroz ,&nbsp;Greicieli de Morais ,&nbsp;Rafael H.P. Reis ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Copani ,&nbsp;Jens N. Joergensen ,&nbsp;Bruno I. Cappellozza","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0686","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0686","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two experiments evaluated the effects of supplementing a <em>Bacillus</em>-based direct-fed microbial (DFM) on productive performance of mid- to late-lactating dairy cows (experiment [Exp.] 1), and on rumen fermentation traits of rumen-fistulated Holstein cows (Exp. 2). In Exp. 1, 60 mid-lactating (126 ± 11.5 DIM), primiparous (n = 14), and multiparous (n = 46) Holstein cows were blocked, within parity, by milk yield into (1) TMR (CON; n = 30) and (2) CON with <em>Bacillus licheniformis</em> 809 and <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> 810 (n = 30; BAC). Diets were offered for 12 wk, following a 3-wk covariate period. All cows received a corn silage–based TMR throughout the study. Dry matter intake and milk yield were evaluated daily, whereas milk, blood, and fecal samples were collected on wk 4, 8 and 12 for milk composition, metabolite analysis (urea and glucose), and nutrient digestibility, respectively. In Exp. 2, 16 rumen-fistulated nonlactating multiparous Holstein cows were ranked by initial BW and assigned to the treatments described in Exp. 1. The experimental period lasted 25 d and samples were taken on d 22 to 25 for in situ DM degradability, rumen ammonia, and pH. All data were analyzed with the MIXED procedure of SAS using cow as the experimental unit. In Exp. 1, DMI was reduced in BAC-fed cows, but no differences were observed on milk yield. Cows offered BAC had a grater feed efficiency versus CON (+100 g/kg feed). <em>Bacillus</em> spp. supplementation increased milk fat content, reduced MUN, and tended to reduce milk protein content. Mean BUN was reduced and plasma glucose was greater in cows fed BAC. No treatment effects were observed for DM or starch digestibility, but NDF digestibility was greater for BAC-fed cows. In Exp. 2, a treatment × hour interaction was observed on DM degradability, being greater at 12 h postfeeding in BAC cows versus CON. Rumen pH tended to be greater for BAC at 12, 24, and 72 h, whereas mean rumen pH and DM degradability were greater in BAC. In summary, feeding a <em>Bacillus</em>-based DFM to mid- to late-lactating dairy cows improved feed efficiency and increased mean glucose, while also stimulating DM and NDF digestibility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 4","pages":"Pages 490-496"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144518032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}