JDS communications最新文献

{"title":"Automating hock wound detection in dairy cattle","authors":"W. Flanders ,&nbsp;P.S. Basran ,&nbsp;M. Wieland","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0671","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0671","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hock scoring in dairy cattle is a crucial welfare assessment tool used to evaluate the condition of a cow's hocks, particularly for signs of injury, swelling, or lesions. These scores provide insight into the overall well-being of the animals and are essential for ensuring proper management and housing conditions. Accurate hock scoring is vital because it can indicate issues such as poor bedding quality or inadequate space, which directly affect the health and productivity of the herd. Traditionally, hock scoring is performed manually by trained observers. However, consistency in scoring can be a challenge. Two studies were conducted to quantify inconsistency in hock scoring. In one study, manual scoring reproducibility was measured. In the second study, manual and video scoring repeatability was measured. Repeatability was quantified with a weighted Cohen's kappa metric. Manual scoring was found to be inconsistent but more consistent than video scoring. This variability highlights the need for a more reliable, objective method of scoring. To address this, we explored the automation of hock score detection using artificial intelligence. Specifically, we employed a simple U-net semantic segmentation algorithm to detect wounds on the hocks without classifying them into specific categories. Automating the detection process can reduce observer bias, improve consistency, and allow for continuous monitoring of large herds. This approach holds promise for enhancing animal welfare by providing a more efficient and accurate method of assessing hock health in dairy cattle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 1","pages":"Pages 122-124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11770321/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143061820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the impact of 3-nitrooxypropanol supplementation on enteric methane emissions in pregnant nonlactating dairy cows offered grass silage","authors":"B. Lahart ,&nbsp;L. Shalloo ,&nbsp;C. Dwan ,&nbsp;N. Walker ,&nbsp;H. Costigan","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0591","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0591","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although 3-nitrooxypropanol (3-NOP; Bovaer10) has been proven to reduce enteric methane (CH₄) by ∼30% in indoor systems of dairying when the additive is mixed throughout TMR and partial mixed ration (PMR) diets, there has been limited research to date on the CH₄ abatement potential of 3-NOP when mixed within a diet based on perennial ryegrass silage only and fed to pregnant nonlactating dairy cows. To investigate the effect of 3-NOP supplementation on enteric CH₄ emissions of pregnant nonlactating dairy cows, a 6-wk study was undertaken in which treatment cows were supplemented with 3-NOP mixed within grass silage, whereas control cows were offered grass silage without additive supplementation. Enteric CH₄, hydrogen (H₂), and carbon dioxide (CO₂) were measured using a GreenFeed machine. Body weight, BCS, DMI, and calf birth weight were monitored to determine the effect of 3-NOP supplementation on productivity. The measured dietary concentration of 3-NOP was 63 (range 53.2–77.1) mg/kg DM. Cows supplemented with 3-NOP produced 22% less enteric CH₄ per day and CH₄ per kilogram of DMI, respectively, than cows offered the control diet. Cows supplemented with 3-NOP also produced 4.4-fold more H₂ and H₂ per kilogram of DMI, respectively, relative to the control. The 3-NOP supplementation had no impact on DMI, BW, BCS, or calf birth weight. Supplementing pregnant nonlactating dairy cows with 3-NOP during the winter housing period effectively reduced enteric CH₄ emissions without detriment to productivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 1","pages":"Pages 44-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11770311/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143061855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing rumen fluid collection methods on fermentation profile and microbial population in lactating dairy cows","authors":"N. Pathak,&nbsp;H. Guan,&nbsp;P. Fan,&nbsp;H. Sultana,&nbsp;K. Arriola,&nbsp;A. Oyebade,&nbsp;C. Nino de Guzman,&nbsp;M. Malekkhahi,&nbsp;K.C. Jeong,&nbsp;D. Vyas","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0566","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0566","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this study was to compare fermentation profile and microbial diversity from rumen samples collected using a rumen cannula (RC) or stomach tube (ST) in lactating dairy cows. Three ruminally cannulated lactating dairy cows were used in a 3 × 3 Latin square design. The experimental period was 28 d and rumen fluid was collected 4 h after feeding on d 22 and 26 of each experimental period. Treatments were rumen fluid collected from the ST or RC. The pH of rumen contents was measured immediately after fluid collection and samples were analyzed for VFA, ammonia-N (NH₃-N) concentration, and microbiome composition. Rumen pH was greater for ST compared with RC (6.88 vs. 6.25). However, NH₃-N (15.2 vs. 10.6 mg/dL) and total VFA (121.8 vs. 95.5 m<em>M</em>) were greater for RC compared with ST. The rumen fluid collection methods had no effects on the molar proportion of acetate and propionate; however, the acetate-to-propionate ratio tended to increase with ST compared with RC. The majority of sequences obtained with microbiome analysis belonged to <em>Bacteroidetes</em>, <em>Firmicutes</em>, and <em>Cyanobacteria</em>, regardless of the rumen fluid collection method. However, the abundance of <em>Bacteroidetes</em> was greater and the abundance of <em>Firmicutes</em> was lower for ST compared with RC. No effects were observed on the abundance of phylum <em>Cyanobacteria</em>. The rumen fluid collection methods had no effects on Chao1 and Shannon index. In conclusion, the molar proportion of individual VFA, Chao1, and Shannon index were similar, whereas rumen pH, NH₃-N, and total VFA were affected by the rumen fluid collection method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 1","pages":"Pages 34-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141694113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prepartum skeletal muscle reserves and branched-chain volatile fatty acid supplementation have minimal effects in response to intravenous glucose tolerance tests in periparturient dairy cattle","authors":"K.M. Gouveia,&nbsp;L.M. Beckett,&nbsp;M.N. Flinders,&nbsp;T.M. Casey,&nbsp;J.P. Boerman","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0603","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0603","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Periparturient dairy cows experience metabolic adaptations to prepare for increased nutrient requirements of the fetus and the onset of lactation. Adaptations include increased peripheral tissue insulin resistance, which can be evaluated experimentally using intravenous glucose tolerance tests (IVGTT). The objective of this study was to determine if prepartum skeletal muscle reserves and supplementation of branched-chain volatile fatty acids (BCVFA) in the prepartum period affected blood glucose, β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), and insulin concentrations 2 wk prepartum and 1 wk postpartum utilizing an IVGTT. At 42 d before expected calving (BEC), the longissimus dorsi muscle depth was measured from an ultrasound image, and based on muscle depth, cows were assigned to either the high muscle (HM; &gt;4.6 cm, n = 17) or low muscle (LM; ≤4.6 cm, n = 17) group. Cows were randomly assigned to either the branched-chain volatile fatty acid (BCVFA) treatment (fed as 39.1 g/d isobutyrate product; 19.4 g/d isovalerate product; 19.6 g/d 2-methylbutyrate product, all on a DM basis) or control (73.0 g/d soyhull pellets on a DM basis) treatment, which were top-dressed daily. Assignment to muscle group and treatment resulted in a 2 × 2 factorial design and the following 4 combinations: HM-CON (n = 7), HM-BCVFA (n = 10), LM-CON (n = 9), and LM-BCVFA (n = 8). On 14 d BEC and 7 DIM an IVGTT was performed following a 1 h fasting period. Baseline blood samples were taken −15 and −5 min before dextrose administration (250 mg/kg BW); blood was then collected at 12 time points over a 3-h time period. Skeletal muscle reserves had no impact on glucose or insulin response across the IVGTT period, whereas BCVFA supplementation increased glucose area under the curve (AUC) in the prepartum period but had no effect in the postpartum period. Prepartum glucose and insulin AUC were higher than the postpartum glucose and insulin AUC. Findings indicate that muscle reserves in the prepartum period do not affect insulin and glucose clearance in periparturient dairy cows, reflecting no differences in insulin sensitivity in response to IVGTT. Changes observed in glucose and insulin AUC between pre- and postpartum IVGTT reflect normal metabolic adaptations to increased energetic requirements of dairy cows between late gestation and early lactation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 1","pages":"Pages 131-136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141707040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dairy Victory Platform: A novel benchmarking platform to empower economic decisions on dairy farms","authors":"E.N.A. Freitas ,&nbsp;V.E. Cabrera","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0617","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2024-0617","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the face of diminishing economic margins, dairy farmers globally are compelled to maintain economic competitiveness. Benchmarking emerges as a strategic tool to establish new, achievable improvement objectives that balance ambition with practicality. This typically requires integrating diverse data sources, such as feed, milk production, diet, and market prices. However, many farms lack essential cow-level data like daily milk output and milk income over feed cost (IOFC), which hampers economic performance visibility and informed decision making. To address this challenge, we introduce Dairy Victory Platform (DVP), a novel cloud-based benchmarking platform designed to simplify complex analyses. The DVP uniquely calculates zootechnical and economic key performance indicators (KPI) at the cow and herd levels and benchmarks these against a dynamically selected cohort of farms, facilitating comparisons across various farm sizes, and milk production levels. The primary objective of this paper is to demonstrate the utility of DVP as a decision-making tool in supporting farmers and consultants with both operational and strategic decisions. It emphasizes leveraging benchmarking information to enhance decision-making processes, thereby highlighting the significant value that DVP brings to farmers, consultants, and dairy farm stakeholders. Our study analyzed data from 712 farms from December 2023, focusing on several KPI, such as milk production, milk quality, feed efficiency, and IOFC using DHI records. This approach showcases DVP's ability to use minimal data inputs for detailed analysis, leveraging peer performance to set desirable and achievable goals. We present a case study demonstrating how the DVP platform can guide dairy farms using anonymized peer data. This approach enables users to potentially improve their IOFC by up to 35%. Our findings highlight the potential of DVP as a powerful tool for generating insightful analyses, simulations, and recommendations, primarily from test-day data, but also integrated with market and estimated data. This supports more strategic decision-making in dairy management, including automatic goal-setting based on peer performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"6 1","pages":"Pages 69-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11770288/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143061830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Specificity of 2 peripartum blood markers for early-lactation acute uterine inflammation in pasture-fed, seasonal-calving dairy cows","authors":"O.K. Spaans ,&nbsp;J.R. Roche ,&nbsp;C.R. Burke ,&nbsp;C.V.C. Phyn ,&nbsp;S. McDougall ,&nbsp;C.B. Reed ,&nbsp;B. Kuhn-Sherlock ,&nbsp;A. Hickey ,&nbsp;A. Heiser ,&nbsp;M.A. Crookenden","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2023-0509","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2023-0509","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A delayed recovery of the reproductive tract from natural inflammatory processes associated with postpartum involution will compromise further reproductive function. Following a literature review, we selected serum amyloid A (SAA) and α1-acid glycoprotein (α1-AGP) to assess as potential circulating markers of acute uterine inflammation, as concentrations of these 2 acute phase proteins were reported to be elevated early postpartum in dairy cows with active uterine infection. Convenience serum samples from an induced model of uterine infection were used to measure concentrations of these markers. Infection was induced by infusing either 10⁷ or 10⁹ cfu of <em>Trueperella pyogenes</em> (n = 9 cows each; bacteria group n = 18) or saline as a control (n = 18) into the uterus at 48 d postpartum. Although infection stimulated an increase in uterine polymorphonuclear neutrophils, SAA and α1-AGP concentrations in serum were not different between infusion groups. Cows were subsequently classified into uterine health groups based on the presence of endometritis, with or without the presence of <em>T. pyogenes</em> in uterine culture in response to uterine infusion. Mean SAA concentrations were greater in cows that were either endometritis negative–infection positive (n = 9), endometritis positive–infection negative (n = 5), or endometritis positive–infection positive, compared with the endometritis negative–infection negative (n = 11) cows. There was no difference between uterine health groups for α1-AGP concentrations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"5 6","pages":"Pages 613-617"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140765025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive integration of factors affecting vitamin B12 concentration in milk of Holstein cows: Genetic variability, milk productivity, animal characteristics, and feeding management","authors":"Mélissa Duplessis ,&nbsp;Christiane L. Girard ,&nbsp;Doris Pellerin ,&nbsp;Liliana Fadul-Pacheco ,&nbsp;Roger I. Cue","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2023-0535","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2023-0535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Daily vitamin B₁₂ (VB₁₂) requirements of humans can naturally be fulfilled by animal product consumption, especially products from ruminants because of bacteria dwelling in their rumen. Indeed, only bacteria can synthesize this vitamin. Milk is hence an excellent source of VB₁₂. This cross-sectional study was undertaken to unravel factors, such as genetic variation, diet and cow characteristics, and milk production, explaining the large variation in milk VB₁₂ concentration among cows by using an integrative approach. Milk samples from 2 consecutive milkings were collected from 3,533 Canadian Holstein cows (1,239 first, 932 second, and 1,362 third and more lactations) located in 99 herds with various feeding management. For the purpose of genetic variation analysis, pedigrees were traced back for 3 complete generations for each sire and dam. A total of 10,021 identities were used in the subsequent genetic analyses. Milk VB₁₂ averaged 4.2 ng/mL with a range between 0.7 and 9.0 ng/mL. Dietary fiber (NDF from forage, dietary NDF, ADF, and lignin) increased and dietary components related to energy (NFC, starch, NE_L, and percentage of concentrate) decreased VB₁₂ in milk. Milk VB₁₂ varied with DIM, with a similar pattern as milk fat and protein concentration lactation curves. Milk VB₁₂ increased as age at calving increased. When disregarding the herd variance, the heritability value was 0.37, meaning that milk VB₁₂ can be modified by genetic selection. The final model including factors related to the diet, animal characteristics and milk productivity, and genetic variation explained 79% (pseudo-R²) of the milk VB₁₂ variation. When excluding the random effect of the cow (i.e., excluding the animal and genetic relationships), the pseudo-R² dropped to 43%, reinforcing the importance of genetic variation in explaining milk VB₁₂ variation. To our knowledge, the present study is the most comprehensive evaluation of factors affecting milk VB₁₂ variation including the greatest number of cows from various lactation stages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"5 6","pages":"Pages 577-581"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141045321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-omics analysis elucidates the host-microbiome interplay in severe udder cleft dermatitis lesions in dairy cows","authors":"A.S. Vermeersch ,&nbsp;F. Van Nieuwerburgh ,&nbsp;Y. Gansemans ,&nbsp;M. Ali ,&nbsp;R. Ducatelle ,&nbsp;P. Geldhof ,&nbsp;D. Deforce ,&nbsp;J. Callens ,&nbsp;G. Opsomer","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2023-0537","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2023-0537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Udder cleft dermatitis is a skin disease in dairy cattle that is characterized by painful, large open wounds between the udder halves or at the front udder attachment. Its impact on animal welfare and production warrants an in-depth investigation of its pathogenesis. The present study delves into the pathophysiology of severe udder cleft dermatitis, employing a multi-omics approach by integrating transcriptomic and metagenomic data obtained from samples of severe udder cleft dermatitis lesions and healthy udder skin of dairy cattle. All dominant features selected from the virulence factor, taxonomic, and transcriptomic datasets, except for the facultative pathogen <em>Streptococcus pyogenes</em>, form a network that could be associated with the healthy udder skin. The severe udder cleft dermatitis–associated <em>Streptococcus pyogenes</em> exhibited a negative correlation with these virulence factors and genes, but was not correlated with the other commensal bacteria in the analysis. Examining the different components interacting with each other could advance our understanding of the pathogenesis of severe udder cleft dermatitis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"5 6","pages":"Pages 598-601"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140402166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ST8-t008-SCCmec IV methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in retail fresh cheese","authors":"Carolina Chaves ,&nbsp;Melissa Montenegro ,&nbsp;Hyrina Piedra ,&nbsp;Marta Pérez-Villanueva ,&nbsp;César Rodríguez","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2023-0521","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2023-0521","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study reports the finding of 3 ST8-t008-SCC<em>_mec</em> IVa (2B) methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MRSA) strains in fresh cheese purchased within a single market in Costa Rica. In line with the finding of the resistance genes <em>mecA</em>, <em>blaZ</em>, <em>mph</em>(C), and <em>msr</em>(A) in their genomes, these bacteria showed phenotypic resistance to multiple β-lactams and erythromycin. In addition, they carry genes for acquired resistance to aminoglycosides (<em>aph(3′)-III</em>) and fosfomycin (<em>fosD</em>), and genes for a myriad of virulence factors, including adhesins, hemolysins, and exotoxins. Our strains share multiple genomic features with MRSA from the USA300 lineage, which is a widely distributed and highly virulent strain implicated in community infections. As a result, consuming these or similar products could lead to multidrug infections in susceptible individuals. These results highlight safety deficiencies in cheese production practices and emphasize the risk of foodborne transmission of hard-to-treat ST8 MRSA strains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"5 6","pages":"Pages 531-534"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140762646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of serum concentrations of total protein and gamma-globulin as an indicator of serum immunoglobulin G concentration in dairy calves","authors":"K. Murayama ,&nbsp;N. Kobayashi ,&nbsp;N. Nishizawa ,&nbsp;M. Oba ,&nbsp;T. Sugino","doi":"10.3168/jdsc.2023-0469","DOIUrl":"10.3168/jdsc.2023-0469","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this study was to evaluate precision of estimating serum IgG concentration from total protein (TP) or gamma-globulin (γGLB) concentration as an alternative approach, and to compare morbidity of preweaning dairy calves differing in serum γGLB concentration. In trial 1, blood was sampled from 129 Holstein calves in the first week after birth, and serum concentrations of TP, γGLB, and IgG were measured. Spearman's correlation coefficient (r_s) between serum IgG and TP concentrations was 0.89, and r_s between serum IgG and γGLB concentrations was 0.96. Absolute residual (observed − predicted) serum IgG concentrations were smaller when estimated by serum γGLB concentration than by serum TP concentration, and differences in the absolute residuals were smaller for calves fed colostrum replacer (1.68 vs. 4.29 g/L) than those fed whole colostrum (2.41 vs. 3.48 g/L). In trial 2, blood was sampled from 740 Holstein heifer calves during the first week of age, and serum γGLB concentration was measured. The calves were divided into 4 categories based on their serum γGLB concentration; ≥1.0 g/dL (excellent), 0.7 ≤ γGLB &lt;1.0 g/dL (good), 0.4 ≤ γGLB &lt;0.7 g/dL (fair), and &lt;0.4 g/dL (poor). Morbidity for diarrhea and respiratory disease in preweaning dairy calves was determined for the first 28 and 56 d of age, and compared among the 4 categories based on serum γGLB concentration. Calves with serum γGLB concentration higher than 0.7 g/dL (good and excellent) had less diarrhea during the first 28 d of age than those with lower serum γGLB concentration (fair and poor). Calves with serum γGLB concentration higher than 1.0 g/dL (excellent) had less respiratory diseases for the first 56 d of age than those with lower serum γGLB concentration (good, fair, and poor). These results suggest that serum IgG concentration can be estimated more precisely from concentration of γGLB than TP particularly for calves fed colostrum replacer, and that γGLB concentrations in the first week of age are associated with morbidity of calves. Transfer of passive immunity in dairy calves can be assessed effectively by serum γGLB concentration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94061,"journal":{"name":"JDS communications","volume":"5 6","pages":"Pages 618-621"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140793112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}