将血清总蛋白和伽马球蛋白浓度作为奶牛血清免疫球蛋白 G 浓度的指标进行评估

JDS communications Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI:10.3168/jdsc.2023-0469

K. Murayama , N. Kobayashi , N. Nishizawa , M. Oba , T. Sugino

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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究旨在评估从总蛋白（TP）或γ-球蛋白（γGLB）浓度估算血清IgG浓度的精确度，并比较不同血清γGLB浓度的断奶前乳牛的发病率。在试验 1 中，对 129 头荷斯坦犊牛出生后第一周的血液进行采样，并测量血清中 TP、γGLB 和 IgG 的浓度。血清 IgG 和 TP 浓度之间的 Spearman 相关系数 (rs) 为 0.89，血清 IgG 和 γGLB 浓度之间的 rs 为 0.96。用血清 γGLB 浓度估算的血清 IgG 绝对残差（观察值 - 预测值）小于用血清 TP 浓度估算的血清 IgG 绝对残差（观察值 - 预测值），饲喂牛初乳代用品的犊牛的绝对残差（1.68 克/升 vs. 4.29 克/升）小于饲喂全牛初乳的犊牛（2.41 克/升 vs. 3.48 克/升）。在试验 2 中，对 740 头荷斯坦小母牛在一周龄时进行了血液采样，并测量了血清 γGLB 浓度。根据血清 γGLB 浓度将犊牛分为 4 类：≥1.0 g/dL（优）、0.7 ≤ γGLB <1.0g/dL（良）、0.4 ≤ γGLB <0.7g/dL（中）和 <0.4g/dL（差）。测定断奶前奶牛犊牛头 28 天和 56 天的腹泻和呼吸道疾病发病率，并根据血清 γGLB 浓度对 4 个类别进行比较。与血清γGLB浓度较低（一般和较差）的犊牛相比，血清γGLB浓度高于0.7 g/dL（好和优）的犊牛在头28日龄腹泻较少。血清 γGLB 浓度高于 1.0 g/dL（优）的犊牛与血清 γGLB 浓度较低（良、中、差）的犊牛相比，在犊牛出生后的前 56 d 患呼吸道疾病的情况较少。这些结果表明，根据γGLB的浓度可以比TP更精确地估算血清IgG的浓度，特别是对于饲喂初乳代用品的犊牛，而且γGLB在犊牛出生后第一周的浓度与犊牛的发病率有关。通过血清γGLB浓度可有效评估奶牛犊牛被动免疫的转移。

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Evaluation of serum concentrations of total protein and gamma-globulin as an indicator of serum immunoglobulin G concentration in dairy calves

The aim of this study was to evaluate precision of estimating serum IgG concentration from total protein (TP) or gamma-globulin (γGLB) concentration as an alternative approach, and to compare morbidity of preweaning dairy calves differing in serum γGLB concentration. In trial 1, blood was sampled from 129 Holstein calves in the first week after birth, and serum concentrations of TP, γGLB, and IgG were measured. Spearman's correlation coefficient (r_s) between serum IgG and TP concentrations was 0.89, and r_s between serum IgG and γGLB concentrations was 0.96. Absolute residual (observed − predicted) serum IgG concentrations were smaller when estimated by serum γGLB concentration than by serum TP concentration, and differences in the absolute residuals were smaller for calves fed colostrum replacer (1.68 vs. 4.29 g/L) than those fed whole colostrum (2.41 vs. 3.48 g/L). In trial 2, blood was sampled from 740 Holstein heifer calves during the first week of age, and serum γGLB concentration was measured. The calves were divided into 4 categories based on their serum γGLB concentration; ≥1.0 g/dL (excellent), 0.7 ≤ γGLB <1.0 g/dL (good), 0.4 ≤ γGLB <0.7 g/dL (fair), and <0.4 g/dL (poor). Morbidity for diarrhea and respiratory disease in preweaning dairy calves was determined for the first 28 and 56 d of age, and compared among the 4 categories based on serum γGLB concentration. Calves with serum γGLB concentration higher than 0.7 g/dL (good and excellent) had less diarrhea during the first 28 d of age than those with lower serum γGLB concentration (fair and poor). Calves with serum γGLB concentration higher than 1.0 g/dL (excellent) had less respiratory diseases for the first 56 d of age than those with lower serum γGLB concentration (good, fair, and poor). These results suggest that serum IgG concentration can be estimated more precisely from concentration of γGLB than TP particularly for calves fed colostrum replacer, and that γGLB concentrations in the first week of age are associated with morbidity of calves. Transfer of passive immunity in dairy calves can be assessed effectively by serum γGLB concentration.

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JDS communications Animal Science and Zoology

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2.00

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