Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)最新文献

{"title":"Impact of Corneal Arcus on the Sealing of Clear Corneal Incisions in Cataract Surgery.","authors":"Mizuho Yoshida, Kouhei Hashizume, Toshiyasu Imaizumi, Tetsuya Hashiura, Daijiro Kurosaka","doi":"10.2147/OPTH.S511669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/OPTH.S511669","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To determine whether the corneal arcus affects sealing of the clear corneal incision (CCI) in cataract surgery.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This study was a retrospective cohort study. The patients were divided into two groups based on whether stromal hydration was required to close the CCI. The corneal arcus was classified according to its degree as none, partial (if corneal arcus < 180 degrees), and circumferential (if corneal arcus ≥ 180 degrees). Multiple logistic regression was conducted to identify independent variables such as age at cataract surgery, sex, laterality, surgical time, and degree of corneal arcus associated with CCI sealing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among a total of 83 eyes of 83 patients, a partial corneal arcus was found in 34 eyes (41.0%) and a circumferential arcus in 33 eyes (39.8%). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the need for stromal hydration in wound sealing increased with surgical time (OR = 1.7313, 95% CI = 1.1500-2.6063, p = 0.0085) and decreased with severity of corneal arcus (partial, OR = 0.2901, 95% CI = 0.0451-1.8665, p=0.1926; circumferential, OR = 0.0590, 95% CI = 0.0074-0.4722, p = 0.0085); age was not associated (OR = 0.9790, 95% CI = 0.9121-1.0507, p = 0.5555).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Eyes with corneal arcus required less stromal hydration. This finding suggests that corneal arcus may increase CCI sealing in cataract surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":93945,"journal":{"name":"Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)","volume":"19 ","pages":"693-698"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11872082/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Emergency Department Intraocular Pressure and Visual Acuity Assessment as a Screening Exam.","authors":"Karine D Bojikian, Thellea K Leveque, Anna McEvoy, Blake Hopkin, Nadia Popovici, Hyrum Hopkin, Grant Howell, Mary E Kim, Jennifer T Yu, Andrew Chen, Leona Ding, Parisa Taravati, Kristina Tarczy-Hornoch, Shu Feng","doi":"10.2147/OPTH.S511327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/OPTH.S511327","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the utility of Emergency Department (ED) assessment of intraocular pressure (IOP) and visual acuity (VA) measurements as a screening tool for abnormal IOP and VA on ophthalmology exams.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This retrospective cross-sectional study reviewed eye-related ED visits between February 1, 2022, and January 31, 2023, at Harborview and University of Washington Medical Centers (Seattle, WA) with same-day ophthalmology consultation. Electronic medical records were reviewed for right eye and left eye IOP and VA obtained by ED and ophthalmology services. The ED exam as a screening tool for abnormal IOP (>25 mmHg) and visual acuity (<20/40) on ophthalmology exam in either eye was evaluated using receiver operating curves (ROC). A calculator user interface was created to report sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) with a range of user inputs for both the thresholds applied to ED measurements and the targets for detection for Ophthalmology IOP and VA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1463 visits, IOP and VA were recorded in at least 1 eye by the ED in 627 (42.8%) and 821 (56.1%) patients, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) for the receiver operating curves for ED screening was 0.846 for detecting an abnormal IOP and 0.863 for detecting an abnormal VA. The sensitivity of a value >25 mmHg on ED IOP testing was 0.78 (95% CI 0.69-0.87), and the specificity was 0.84 (95% CI 0.80-0.87). The sensitivity of a VA value logMAR >0.3 (worse than 20/40) on ED testing was 0.88 (95% CI 0.85-0.91), and the specificity was 0.59 (95% CI 0.54-0.65).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ED acquired measurements of IOP and VA are useful to screen for abnormalities in IOP and VA on the ophthalmology exam. However, IOP and VA are infrequently obtained by the ED prior to ophthalmic consultation.</p>","PeriodicalId":93945,"journal":{"name":"Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)","volume":"19 ","pages":"683-690"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11871949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Direct Cyclopexy for Traumatic Cyclodialysis Cleft: A Retrospective Clinical Study.","authors":"Xiaoqiang Wang, Zhixin Jiang, Xiubin Ma","doi":"10.2147/OPTH.S484518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/OPTH.S484518","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the clinical effects of direct cyclopexy in the treatment of traumatic cyclodialysis cleft.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a retrospective case study. Patients with traumatic cyclodialysis cleft, who were treated with direct cyclopexy and had complete medical records at Tianjin Eye Hospital between February 2021 and August 2022 were selected. The detailed characteristics of the 23 patients were analyzed. Preoperative and postoperative visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), and the extent of ciliary detachment were recorded. All patients were followed up for six months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>19 of the 23 patients who underwent single direct cyclopexy, the other 4 patients with severe posterior segment damage underwent direct cyclopexy combined with vitrectomy, suprachoroidal drainage, etc. After surgery, 22 of the 23 patients successfully reset the ciliary body, including four patients who underwent combined operations, which showed a statistically significant difference (P < 0.01). The mean preoperative IOP was 6.48 ± 1.62 mmHg and it has a different degree of rebound in 21 cases reaching 13.29 ± 2.11 mmHg on 6 months after operation, including 6 cases of transient high intraocular pressure (> 21 mmHg) (P < 0.01). Best corrected visual acuity was increased from preoperatively 0.60 ± 0.21 logMAR to 0.38 ± 0.26 log MAR postoperatively, in which the vision > 0.3 logMAR reached 65.2% (P < 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Direct cyclopexy with or without vitrectomy is an effective method for treating traumatic ciliary body detachment.</p>","PeriodicalId":93945,"journal":{"name":"Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)","volume":"19 ","pages":"673-681"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11871915/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cystoid Macular Edema Following Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Repair Surgery: Incidence, Pathogenesis, Risk Factors and Treatment.","authors":"Enrico Bernardi, Neil Shah, Lorenzo Ferro Desideri, Jelena Potic, Janice Roth, Rodrigo Anguita","doi":"10.2147/OPTH.S489859","DOIUrl":"10.2147/OPTH.S489859","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To review the incidence, risk factors, and treatments for cystoid macular edema (CME) following rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases. Relevant studies published within the last 20 years were selected and reviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The incidence of CME following RRD repair ranges from 6% to 36%, with higher rates associated with silicone oil tamponade. Key risk factors include recurrent RRD, pre-existing proliferative vitreoretinopathy, older age, and post-RRD cataract surgery. Treatment options primarily focus on anti-inflammatory approaches, with topical NSAIDs and corticosteroids as first-line treatments. For persistent cases, intravitreal corticosteroid injections, particularly dexamethasone implants, have shown potential.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CME remains a significant complication following RRD repair, impacting visual recovery. While various treatment options exist, management of persistent CME remains challenging. Better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of CME is required to develop more effective treatment strategies, particularly for cases resistant to current therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":93945,"journal":{"name":"Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)","volume":"19 ","pages":"629-639"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11853832/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143506608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influential Factors and Outcome of High-Risk Keratoplasty in a Tertiary Referral Corneal Center: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Julia Aschauer, Michal Klimek, Ruth Donner, Irene Steiner, Jan Lammer, Gerald Schmidinger","doi":"10.2147/OPTH.S502563","DOIUrl":"10.2147/OPTH.S502563","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Corneal allograft survival is dramatically decreased in high-risk (HR) host beds. The purpose of this study was to investigate the outcome of HR keratoplasty (KP) in a single-center tertiary referral clinic and to determine risk factors for graft failure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included adults referred for HR penetrating KP between 2014 and 2022. HR criteria were history of re-KP, stromal neovascularization in ≥2 quadrants, and signs of significant inflammation/manifest perforation at the time of surgery. The primary endpoint was graft failure within the first postoperative year. Donor endothelial cell count, donor age, stromal neovascularization, and manifest perforation/acute inflammation at surgery were independent variables in the univariate/multivariable logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Graft survival 1 year after surgery was 56.2% (CI: 45.7, 66.4), 68.3% (CI: 59.3, 76.4), and 70.2% (CI: 56.6, 81.6) after the first, second, and third KP, respectively. The presence of perforation/acute inflammation at baseline was found to be an independent factor statistically significantly associated with graft failure. Graft failure occurred in 190 (51%) of 375 KPs in 257 patients during overall observation. The median time (95% CI) from KP until graft failure was 559 (392, 994) days for the 1^st KP, 1052 (833, 1375) days for the 2^nd KP and 1089 (689, inf) for the 3^rd KP. The most frequent cause was immune rejection (n=55, 29%), whereas in a majority (n=66, 35%) the reason remained undefined. The median time (95% CI) until neovascularization (re-) formation after KP was 739 days (550, inf) and 1566 (1055, inf) days for the 1st and the 2nd KP.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Acute inflammation/perforation at the time of surgery were the major risk factors for graft failure in HR KP. Reduced survival rates for HR KPs were confirmed in this study, which highlights the need for further developments in the treatment of these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":93945,"journal":{"name":"Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)","volume":"19 ","pages":"653-662"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11853771/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143506610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinicodemographic Profile of Visual Disability Among Applicants for Disability Certification in South India.","authors":"Nivedha Venkataraghavan, Rajesh R Nayak, Teena Mariet Mendonca, Anitha Kiran, Soumya Padenkilmar Devendra, Ajay R Kamath, Gurudutt Kamath, Gladys Rodrigues","doi":"10.2147/OPTH.S489309","DOIUrl":"10.2147/OPTH.S489309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To study the causes of visual disability and clinico-demographic factors among applicants for disability certification in a tertiary care hospital in Karnataka.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective, cross‑sectional study analyzing the applications of 194 people who applied for disability certificates between May 2022 and September 2023 at a tertiary care hospital in Karnataka. The causes of visual impairment/blindness, percentage of disability, and respective sociodemographic factors, such as age and sex, were analyzed. The analysis was performed following the visual impairment (VI) disability categories and percentages proposed by the Government of India.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 194 applications for disability certificates were analyzed, of which 60.8% (118) were males and 39.2% (76) were females. Most of the applications were from the 35-60 years age group (41.2%), followed by the 18 (26.8%), 60+ (17.5%), and 18-35 years age groups (14.4%). When the specific diagnostic causes of visual impairment and blindness were analyzed, the leading cause was retinitis pigmentosa (18.5%), followed by optic atrophy (11.8%), corneal opacities (9.79%), and pathological myopia (6.7%). Almost one-third of the cases (28.9%) were found to have been preventable causes of VI/blindness. Among these patients, most avoidable cases were under 18 years of age (40.4%). More than half of the applicants were categorized as blind (59.3%), followed by 21.1% with moderate VI, 13.4% with mild VI, and 6.2% with severe VI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights various causes and associated demographic factors of visual impairment and blindness among applicants for disability certificates. Analysis of the applications for visual disability certification proves useful in obtaining data on the burden of visual impairment on the healthcare system. Although the specific findings are more local in scope, these data provide insight into changing trends in eye disease and can be used to better plan and implement local- and national-level intervention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":93945,"journal":{"name":"Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)","volume":"19 ","pages":"641-651"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11867641/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143525578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the Effectiveness of Propensity Score-Matched Ab Interno Trabeculotomy Between Two Types of Trabecular Hooks.","authors":"Suguru Nakagawa, Kiyohito Totsuka, Yi-Ning Chen, Kimiko Okinaga, Mitsuko Takamoto, Kiyoshi Ishii","doi":"10.2147/OPTH.S498940","DOIUrl":"10.2147/OPTH.S498940","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This retrospective study compares the surgical outcomes of ab interno trabeculotomy using the Kahook Dual Blade (KDB) and Tanito microhook (TMH) combined with cataract surgery.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Twenty-four eyes from 19 and 17 patients with glaucoma in the KDB and TMH groups, respectively, were included. Background factors were matched for medication score and disease type using propensity scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Preoperative age, sex, intraocular pressure (IOP), medication scores, and disease type were comparable between the groups. The intraoperative incision range was lower in the KDB than TMH group. The postoperative medication scores and IOPs were 2.7±1.6 mmHg and 14.5 ± 2.8 mmHg in the KDB group, and 2.0±1.8 and 13.8 ± 3.4 mmHg in the TMH group, respectively. There were no significant differences between the groups regarding changes in medication scores, IOP reduction rate, or survival 6 months postoperatively. Postoperative IOP changes were significantly associated with preoperative IOP in both groups, and trabeculotomy range in the KDB group. There were no significant between-group differences regarding the incidence of postoperative complications, excluding a higher incidence of hyphema in the TMH group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Surgical outcomes for ab interno trabeculotomy using the KDB and TMH were not significantly different. There was no significant difference in the occurrence of postoperative complications, except hyphema, which may reflect the difference in the incision range of trabeculotomy between the hooks. Finally, in the KDB group, where narrow incisions range up to just over one quadrant, the trabeculotomy incision range correlated with IOP.</p>","PeriodicalId":93945,"journal":{"name":"Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)","volume":"19 ","pages":"663-671"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11853766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143506605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intermediate Vision Following Monofocal IOL Implantation.","authors":"Smita Agarwal, Erin Thornell, Sara Nadege Frye","doi":"10.2147/OPTH.S499745","DOIUrl":"10.2147/OPTH.S499745","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>While providing exceptional distance visual outcomes, intermediate vision achieved with monofocal IOLs has not been thoroughly investigated.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A total of 63 eyes from 52 patients (average age 73.48±6.8 years, 56% female) were included for analysis following implantation of the Clareon and Clareon Toric monofocal intraocular IOL with AutonoMe (CNA0T0 or CNA0T2-T6) for the treatment of cataract or refractive error. Visual and refractive outcomes including uncorrected distance, intermediate and near visual acuity, distance-corrected intermediate and near visual acuity, manifest refraction and defocus were first assessed at 4-6 weeks and then again at 12 weeks following surgery. Patient satisfaction was assessed using a modification of the IOLSAT questionnaire and subjective visual quality was assessed using a modified version of the QUVID questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Average postoperative spherical equivalent (SE) was -0.17±0.40 D, with 82% and 96% of eyes achieving within ±0.5 D and ±1.0 D of the refractive SE target, respectively. Average monocular uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) and uncorrected intermediate visual acuity (UIVA) were 0.03±0.10 and 0.35±0.13 LogMAR. Postoperative UIVA improved with more myopic SE (P < 0.0001) and spherical refractive error (P < 0.0001). Bilaterally implanted patients had higher spectacle independence for intermediate tasks compared to unilateral patients (51.1% versus 31.2% respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Clareon monofocal IOL provided excellent distance vision with a majority of patients achieving spectacle independence for intermediate tasks. While the IOL likely contributed to these visual outcomes, surgeons can also adjust refractive targets to help achieve better intermediate vision postoperatively.</p>","PeriodicalId":93945,"journal":{"name":"Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)","volume":"19 ","pages":"617-627"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11847419/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143484302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stratified Phacoemulsification Technique to Enhance Safety in Posterior Polar Cataracts.","authors":"Rohit Om Parkash, Tushya Om Parkash, Trupti Sharma, Rasik B Vajpayee","doi":"10.2147/OPTH.S507772","DOIUrl":"10.2147/OPTH.S507772","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To describe a new technique of stratified phacoemulsification of the nucleus to protect the vulnerable posterior capsule in posterior polar cataracts.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Dr Om Parkash Eye Institute, Amritsar, India.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Prospective interventional study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-six eyes of twenty-two patients with posterior polar cataracts and nuclear sclerosis of Grade 2 and above, undergoing phacoemulsification surgery, were included in the study. No hydro procedures were performed intentionally to prevent the pressure build-up within the bag or the occurrence of accidental hydrodissection in any of the eyes. Stratified separation was used to separate the nucleus from the surrounding epinucleus mass along natural separational planes in moderate to hard nuclei. Nuclear fragment was emulsified, leaving the epinucleus shell intact. This process of stratified separation and emulsification was repeated for all nuclear fragments without disrupting the epinucleus shell. The epinuclear shell acted as a scaffold and prevented fluidic turbulence and mechanical forces transmission to the fragile posterior capsule. Finally, the epinucleus shell and cortical lens matter were aspirated, and an intraocular lens was implanted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our technique of stratified phacoemulsification, which entails chopper-assisted manual delineation of the nucleus, yielded excellent outcomes. Our study included Twenty-six eyes of twenty-two patients with posterior polar cataract and nuclear sclerosis grade 2 or higher. Posterior capsular rupture occurred in one case, which showed pre-existing dehiscence with a moth-eaten appearance on Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography. The pre-existing posterior capsular rent did not result in any intraoperative complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The technique of stratified phacoemulsification can achieve safe and successful cataract surgery in posterior polar cataracts with Grade 2 or higher nuclear sclerosis, without the use of hydro maneuvers or expensive femtosecond lasers. The technique entails using standard instruments to form an epinuclear shell that protects the posterior capsule during nuclear emulsification.</p>","PeriodicalId":93945,"journal":{"name":"Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)","volume":"19 ","pages":"571-576"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11846530/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143484645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment and Knowledge of Long-Term Steroid Use and Its Related Cataract & Glaucoma Development Among Hail Residents.","authors":"Rakan Mosa Algorinees, Bader Jazzaa Alshammari, Mansour Ahmed Albalawi, Khaled Homoud Almozaini, Talal Fahad Alharbi, Turki Ali Alshammari, Manar Ali Alghaslan, Rana Nasser Almansour","doi":"10.2147/OPTH.S510432","DOIUrl":"10.2147/OPTH.S510432","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study evaluated the prevalence of steroid use and public awareness of its ocular complications, including cataracts and glaucoma, in Hail, Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Saudi Arabia's Hail region from September 2024 to November 2024, targeting eligible and accessible residents aged 18 years or older. Data was collected using a pre-structured online questionnaire developed by the researchers. The final version was independently reviewed and distributed online to eligible applicants. The collected data included socio-demographic information, medical history, personal habits, and knowledge of potential associations between steroid use and eye diseases. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 26 based on descriptive statistics and relations using the Pearson <i>X²</i> test and exact probability test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study surveyed young adults aged 18 years or more, with 51.8% being male. Most participants (74.5%) had never used steroids. Eye drops were the most common, followed by topical creams. 30.8% of participants had good knowledge about long-term steroid use with cataract development, while 21% had a good knowledge level for steroid use and glaucoma development. In total, 24.7% had good knowledge about eye diseases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A study in Hail, Saudi Arabia reveals a significant lack of public knowledge about the long-term use of steroids and associated ocular risks, particularly cataracts and glaucoma. Despite never using steroids, those who have used them often prefer short-term treatments. The study recommends improved patient education, health interventions, and regulation of over-the-counter steroids usage, especially for younger populations and those without healthcare backgrounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":93945,"journal":{"name":"Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)","volume":"19 ","pages":"585-597"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11846618/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143485066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}