Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)最新文献

{"title":"Two-Year Post-Market Surveillance of iStent <i>inject</i> ^® W Combined with Phacoemulsification in Japanese Open-Angle Glaucoma Eyes.","authors":"Masaru Inatani, Ichiro Kohama, Alice Chu","doi":"10.2147/OPTH.S524956","DOIUrl":"10.2147/OPTH.S524956","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate 2-year safety and effectiveness of iStent <i>inject</i> ^® W implantation with phacoemulsification in adult Japanese open-angle glaucoma (OAG) patients.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Multicenter, prospective, post-market surveillance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eyes were evaluated preoperatively and at Day 1, Week 1, and Months (M) 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24. Primary outcome was M24 cumulative probability of success defined as no additional glaucoma surgery and intraocular pressure (IOP) < preoperative value and number of glaucoma medications ≤ preoperative value or IOP ≤ preoperative value and number of glaucoma medications < preoperative value. Other endpoints included cumulative probability of achieving American Academy of Ophthalmology Glaucoma (AAO) success criteria for minimally invasive glaucoma surgery with phacoemulsification, and changes in mean IOP, number of glaucoma medications, and medication costs over time. Subanalysis was based on OAG subtype [primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), normal tension glaucoma (NTG), and exfoliative glaucoma (XFG)]. Adverse events were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cumulative probability of success at M24 was 91.7%, 98.8%, 88.9%, and 85.0% for cohort (N = 214), NTG, XFG, and POAG, respectively. The AAO M24 success was 80.7%. Statistically significant reductions in mean IOP and number of medications were observed through M24 in cohort and OAG subtypes. At M24, the estimated reductions in mean (standard error) IOP and number of medications were 2.0 (0.5) mmHg and 1.9 (0.4), respectively, in the cohort. Adverse events were minimal. At M24, the average monthly glaucoma medication costs decreased by 49.7%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Japanese OAG eyes treated with iStent <i>inject</i> W combined with phacoemulsification experienced reduced IOP and medication burden with minimal adverse events and high success rates over postoperative 2 years.</p>","PeriodicalId":93945,"journal":{"name":"Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)","volume":"19 ","pages":"1863-1876"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12170447/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Faricimab Outcomes in Chorioretinal Disorders: Indian Real-World Analysis (FOCUS Study).","authors":"Vishal Agrawal, Ayushi Gupta, Virendra Agrawal, Jay Umed Sheth","doi":"10.2147/OPTH.S521384","DOIUrl":"10.2147/OPTH.S521384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the real-world efficacy and safety of intravitreal faricimab in treating Diabetic Macular Edema (DME), neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration (nAMD), and Central Macular Edema (CME) secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO) in an Indian population.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This single‑center, retrospective observational study reviewed the records of 49 patients (49 eyes) diagnosed with DME, nAMD, or cystoid macular edema secondary to RVO, who received a total of 150 intravitreal faricimab injections and were followed for at least 24 weeks. Patients received intravitreal faricimab injections, with follow-up at four-week intervals. Outcome measures included changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT), along with resolution of intraretinal (IRF) and subretinal fluid (SRF) in nAMD patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Faricimab significantly improved BCVA and reduced CMT across all groups after a mean follow-up period of 33.31 (± 7.41) weeks. DME patients' BCVA improved from 0.71 (± 0.36) LogMAR to 0.46 (± 0.35) LogMAR (<i>P</i><0.0001), nAMD from 1.24 (± 0.73) to 0.43 (± 0.43) LogMAR (<i>P</i>=0.00003), and RVO from 0.78 (± 0.32) to 0.38 (± 24) LogMAR (<i>P</i>=0.02). CMT decreased from 454.43 (± 164.76) µm to 255.3 (± 81.17) µm (<i>P</i><0.00001) overall. Significant reductions were also observed in IRF and SRF in nAMD patients, with IRF decreasing from 48% to 16% (<i>P</i>=0.008) and SRF from 100% to 20% (<i>P</i><0.00001). No significant adverse events, including intraocular inflammation (IOI), were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Faricimab demonstrated significant visual and anatomical improvements across all diagnostic groups, including off‑label use in RVO‑associated CME during the study period, showing promise as an effective treatment for DME, nAMD, and RVO. These real-world outcomes align with clinical trial data (TENAYA, LUCERNE, YOSEMITE, RHINE), underscoring faricimab's potential as an effective, dual-action therapy for chorioretinal disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":93945,"journal":{"name":"Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)","volume":"19 ","pages":"1855-1862"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12170439/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Profile of Eye Injuries in Patients Examined at a Tertiary Eye Care Center in Peru.","authors":"Claudia María Sánchez-Huamash, Yuliana Milagros Alvarez-Torres, Jheferson Salavarría-Castillo, Silvia Sanca-Valeriano, Andres Campaña-Acuña, Marcos Espinola-Sánchez","doi":"10.2147/OPTH.S522286","DOIUrl":"10.2147/OPTH.S522286","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the profile of eye injuries in patients treated at the Emergency Room of the National Institute of Ophthalmology 'Dr. Francisco Contreras Campos' in 2023.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional, descriptive, and retrospective study was conducted in patients diagnosed in 2023 with eye injuries at the Emergency Room of the National Institute of Ophthalmology \"Dr. Francisco Contreras Campos\", in Lima - Peru.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 413 patients with eye injuries were evaluated, the majority were men (78.2%) and young adults (74.5%). The majority of injuries (79.9%) were mechanical in origin, with foreign bodies being the most common cause (53.8%) and type of injury (39.5%). 97.3% received pharmacological treatment, 7% surgical treatment, and 83.3% other treatments. Most patients (80.2%) maintained their pre-treatment visual acuity, and 12.5% saw improvements.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Mechanical injuries, particularly those involving foreign bodies, are the most common. Topical medication, particularly lubricants and antibiotics, are the primary pharmacological treatments. The majority of patients preserve their visual acuity following the intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":93945,"journal":{"name":"Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)","volume":"19 ","pages":"1835-1845"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12168926/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144310964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vivo Confocal Microscopy for Corneal and Ocular Surface Pathologies: A Comprehensive Review.","authors":"Arturo Ramirez-Miranda, Jesus Guerrero-Becerril, Manuel Ramirez, Guillermo Raul Vera-Duarte, Simran Mangwani-Mordani, Gustavo Ortiz-Morales, Alejandro Navas, Enrique O Graue-Hernandez, Jorge L Alio","doi":"10.2147/OPTH.S519705","DOIUrl":"10.2147/OPTH.S519705","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) is an advanced imaging technique that enables real-time, high-resolution visualization of corneal microstructures. Its clinical applications have expanded significantly, offering valuable insights into the pathophysiology of various ocular surface and corneal disorders. Despite its utility, challenges in standardization, accessibility, and integration into routine practice limit its widespread adoption.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed with the keywords \"in vivo confocal microscopy\", \"corneal diseases\", and \"ocular surface\". From 1835 articles retrieved, studies published within the last seven years with clinical relevance were prioritized, yielding 51 articles. Data were synthesized to evaluate IVCM's diagnostic capabilities, technical advancements, and applications across corneal pathologies, including infectious keratitis, dystrophies, and post-surgical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IVCM was shown to provide unparalleled visualization of cellular and subcellular corneal structures, enabling early diagnosis and monitoring of conditions such as keratitis caused by Acanthamoeba and fungi, corneal dystrophies, and nerve regeneration following refractive or transplant surgeries. Innovative applications include its use in regenerative therapies, such as adipose-derived stem cell implantation, demonstrating increases in keratocyte density and stromal integrity. However, limitations include operator dependency, high costs, and the need for further technological refinements, such as wide-field imaging and non-contact modalities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IVCM represents a transformative tool in ophthalmology, bridging the gap between clinical evaluation and cellular-level diagnostics. Advances in imaging technologies and the integration of artificial intelligence hold the potential to overcome current limitations, enhancing its diagnostic precision and applicability. Standardization of protocols and expanded access will be pivotal in establishing IVCM as a cornerstone in the management of corneal diseases and ocular surface disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":93945,"journal":{"name":"Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)","volume":"19 ","pages":"1817-1834"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12153954/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144276989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Normal Tension Glaucoma and Preperimetric Glaucoma and Changes in Medication Use: A Multicenter Survey in Japan.","authors":"Kenji Inoue, Shiho Kunimatsu-Sanuki, Goji Tomita, Kyoko Ishida","doi":"10.2147/OPTH.S518111","DOIUrl":"10.2147/OPTH.S518111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to compare clinical characteristics and treatment patterns between patients with normal tension glaucoma (NTG) and preperimetric glaucoma (PPG), assess medication trends over time, and benchmark these against a 2020 study to inform treatment strategies.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>During March 10-16, 2024, 6323 outpatients diagnosed with glaucoma or ocular hypertension were enrolled in a survey conducted across 82 private practices. We compared patient characteristics and medication usage between those with NTG and PPG.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the enrolled patients, 2882 were diagnosed with NTG, and 344 were diagnosed with PPG. The average age was significantly lower in the PPG group (60.2 ± 14.3 years) than in the NTG group (69.0 ± 12.9 years, P < 0.0001). The average number of medications used was significantly higher for the NTG group (1.7 ± 1.1 drugs) than for the PPG group (0.4 ± 0.7 drugs; P < 0.0001). Monotherapy was used in 1473 patients with NTG and 96 patients with PPG. The most prescribed medications were prostanoid FP receptor agonist (FP agonists) (61.6% and 47.9% for NTG and PPG, respectively), β-adrenergic blockers (β-blockers) (18.3% and 27.1% for NTG and PPG, respectively), and prostanoid EP2 receptor agonist (EP2 agonists) (12.4% and 14.6% for NTG and PPG, respectively). FP agonist prescriptions were significantly more common in patients with NTG than in patients with PPG (P < 0.05). β-blockers and ion channel opener prescriptions were significantly more common in patients with PPG than in patients with NTG (P < 0.05). FP/β fixed-combination eye drops were the most prescribed treatment for both groups. These were used in 399 patients with NTG and 10 patients with PPG.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NTG was more prevalent than PPG in this population. Patients with PPG were significantly younger and required fewer medications compared to those with NTG.</p>","PeriodicalId":93945,"journal":{"name":"Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)","volume":"19 ","pages":"1805-1816"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12147810/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Narrow Calibrated Side-Port Technique to Prevent Occurrence of Intraoperative Floppy Iris Syndrome During Phacoemulsification Surgery.","authors":"Rohit Om Parkash, Tushya Om Parkash, Trupti Sharma, Rasik Behari Vajpayee, Shruti Mahajan","doi":"10.2147/OPTH.S525725","DOIUrl":"10.2147/OPTH.S525725","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To describe the use of a narrow calibrated side-port incision technique in preventing Intraoperative Floppy Iris Syndrome (IFIS).</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Dr Om Parkash Eye Institute, Amritsar, India.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Prospective interventional study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four hundred and fifty eyes of patients using alpha-1 antagonist drug Tamsulosin were included in the study. Phacoemulsification surgery was performed with a calibrated side-port incision integrated to the existing preferred techniques in patients taking Tamsulosin. Our technique involved creating a narrow 500 microns (µm) side-port incision, paired with a differentially calibrated chopper shaft measuring 400 to 450 µm, with a 50 µm variation along the shaft. This precise calibration between the side-port and chopper sizes minimized fluid leakage, preventing surgical impediments and side-port wound distortion. The reduced fluid efflux through the side-port incision stabilized the anterior chamber near the side port, decreased iris contact with the chopper and eliminated the risk of iris prolapse. Integration of side-port calibration into the existing techniques helped prevent IFIS from developing around the side-port incision site.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our technique of calibrated side-port incision, which requires perfect calibration of the incision with the chopper, gave excellent results. Our study comprised of a total of 450 eyes from patients on Tamsulosin undergoing phacoemulsification were included. IFIS was completely absent in 271 eyes. Minimal IFIS, characterized by iris billowing, was observed in 179 eyes, while no cases of moderate or severe IFIS occurred.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>When added to existing surgical techniques, a calibrated side-port incision significantly improves patient outcomes in managing IFIS during phacoemulsification in patients taking alpha-1 antagonist drugs. This modification helps prevent the side-port incision from becoming a focal point for IFIS, thereby enhancing surgical safety and efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":93945,"journal":{"name":"Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)","volume":"19 ","pages":"1787-1792"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12147780/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depression and Associated Factors Among Diabetic Patients Undergoing Diabetic Retinopathy Assessments at a Tertiary Care Center: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Phit Upaphong, Janejit Choovuthayakorn, Jirachaya Choovuthayakorn, Phichayut Phinyo, Direk Patikulsila, Onnisa Nanegrungsunk, Voraporn Chaikitmongkol, Paradee Kunavisarut, Atitaya Apivatthakakul, Nahathai Wongpakaran, Tinakon Wongpakaran","doi":"10.2147/OPTH.S524850","DOIUrl":"10.2147/OPTH.S524850","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To explore the prevalence of depression and its associated factors among diabetic patients attending the retina unit at Chiang Mai University Hospital for diabetic retinopathy (DR) or diabetic macular edema (DME) screening and/or treatment.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study recruited consecutive diabetic patients scheduled for ophthalmic evaluations between July 1, 2022, and January 31, 2023. Participants completed in-person interviews to provide demographic information, medical history, and mental health status. Depression severity was assessed using the Outcome Inventory-21, while vision-related quality of life (VRQoL) was measured with the National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire-25 (NEI VFQ-25). Ocular characteristics were extracted from medical records. The primary outcomes included the prevalence of depression and its association with VRQoL, anxiety, visual acuity, and DR/DME severity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 304 diabetic patients participated, with 55.6% (n = 169) being male. The mean (standard deviation, SD) age was 56.3 (11.4) years, and the mean (SD) visual acuity (VA) in the better-seeing eye was 0.4 (0.3) LogMAR. Bilateral proliferative DR and bilateral center-involved DME were observed in 50.6% and 18.4% of participants, respectively. The mean (SD) composite score for the NEI VFQ-25 was 79.3 (18.1), with the color vision subscale showing the highest score at 93.3 (18.3). Depression was identified in 11 patients (3.6%, 95% confidence interval: 2.0 to 6.4%). Multivariable linear regression revealed that lower VRQoL and higher anxiety levels were significantly associated with depressive symptoms, while no significant correlation was found with VA or DR/DME severity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>VRQoL and anxiety levels are key factors associated with depression in diabetic patients with DR/DME, with VRQoL exhibiting a stronger association than VA. Incorporating patient-reported outcome measures into clinical care may enhance mental health assessment and overall healthcare quality, enabling earlier detection of depression risk among diabetic patients and supporting timely intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":93945,"journal":{"name":"Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)","volume":"19 ","pages":"1793-1803"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12148946/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144268150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of Healthcare Professionals' Knowledge on Age-Related Macular Degeneration Risk Factors in Ethiopia.","authors":"Destaye Shiferaw Alemu, Minychil Bantihun Munaw, Matiyas Mamo Bekele, Chalie Asmare Kindie, Fisseha Admassu Ayele, Miteku Andualem Limenih","doi":"10.2147/OPTH.S514480","DOIUrl":"10.2147/OPTH.S514480","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to assess knowledge of healthcare professionals on risk factors of age-related macular degeneration and to identify factors that affect their level of knowledge.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study design was employed to collect data from 607 healthcare professionals in Gondar City from August 1 to 30, 2024. Systematic random sampling was used to select study participant. Interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted using R statistical software to identify determinants affecting knowledge on age-related macular degeneration risk factors. The strength and precision of relationships between the outcome and the factors were quantified using adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. P - value below 5% was used to declare statistically significance associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six hundred seven healthcare professionals took part in this study. Less than one-third of the participants (29.7%; 95% CI: 25.0%, 34.8%) showed adequate knowledge of risk factors of age-related macular degeneration. Male sex (AOR: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.16, 2.43), healthcare service experience less than five years (AOR: 1.86; 95% CI: 1.23, 2.88), ten years of experience in healthcare (AOR: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.34, 0.95), eye health-related training (AOR: 1.91; 95% CI: 1.23, 2.83), hypertension history (AOR: 2.28; 95% CI: 1.52, 3.44) and diabetes mellitus (AOR: 2.48; 95% CI: 1.02, 6.27) determine healthcare professionals' knowledge of age-related macular degeneration risk factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlights a significant knowledge gap among healthcare professionals regarding age-related macular degeneration risk factors. Gender, years of experience in healthcare, and receiving eye health-related training are key determinates of knowledge on age-related macular degeneration risk factors, underscoring the importance of directed educational and trainings to improve healthcare professionals' knowledge on age-related macular degeneration risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":93945,"journal":{"name":"Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)","volume":"19 ","pages":"1771-1785"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12145783/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144251286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Application of Artificial Intelligence and Ambient Listening to Generate Medical Notes in Vitreoretinal Clinic Encounters.","authors":"Neeket R Patel, Corey R Lacher, Alan Y Huang, Anton Kolomeyer, J Clay Bavinger, Robert M Carroll, Benjamin J Kim, Jonathan C Tsui","doi":"10.2147/OPTH.S513633","DOIUrl":"10.2147/OPTH.S513633","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Analyze the application of large language models (LLM) to listen to and generate medical documentation in vitreoretinal clinic encounters.</p><p><strong>Subjects: </strong>Two publicly available large language models, Google Gemini 1.0 Pro and Chat GPT 3.5.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patient-physician dialogues simulating vitreoretinal clinic scenarios were scripted to simulate real-world encounters and recorded for standardization. Two artificial intelligence engines were given the audio files to transcribe the dialogue and produce medical documentation of the encounters. Similarity of the dialogue and LLM transcription was assessed using an online comparability tool. A panel of practicing retina specialists evaluated each generated medical note.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>The number of discrepancies and overall similarity of LLM text compared to scripted patient-physician dialogues, and scoring on the physician documentation quality instrument-9 (PDQI-9) of each medical note by five retina specialists.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On average, the documentation produced by AI engines scored 81.5% of total possible points in documentation quality. Similarity between pre-formed dialogue scripts and transcribed encounters was higher for ChatGPT (96.5%) compared to Gemini (90.6%, p<0.01). The mean total PDQI-9 score among all encounters from ChatGPT 3.5 (196.2/225, 87.2%) was significantly greater than Gemini 1.0 Pro (170.4/225, 75.7%, p=0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The authors report the aptitude of two popular LLMs (ChatGPT 3.5 and Google Gemini 1.0 Pro) in generating medical notes based on audio recordings of scripted vitreoretinal clinical encounters using a validated medical documentation tool. Artificial intelligence can produce quality vitreoretinal clinic encounter medical notes after listening to patient-physician dialogues despite case complexity and missing encounter variables. The performance of these engines was satisfactory but sometimes included fabricated information. We demonstrate the potential utility of LLMs in reducing the documentation burden on physicians and potentially streamlining patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":93945,"journal":{"name":"Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)","volume":"19 ","pages":"1763-1769"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12146405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thinning Choroidal Thickness and Flattening Morphology of Higher Myopia Eyes in Chinese Adults with Anisometropic Myopia: A Comparative Study.","authors":"Zhirong Zhang, Yongle Bao, Jian Cao, Yong Ma, Yanze Yu, Zhanying Wang, Jiayi Hu, Fang Liu, Yuhao Ye, Xingtao Zhou, Jing Zhao","doi":"10.2147/OPTH.S523747","DOIUrl":"10.2147/OPTH.S523747","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate variations in choroidal thickness and morphology in the eyes of Chinese adults with anisometropic myopia and their relationship with myopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 107 adults (aged 17-50 years) with myopia and normal visual acuity. Based on interocular differences in spherical equivalent (SE), participants were categorized into an anisometropia group (≥ 1 diopter, [D], N = 33) and a control group (< 1D, N = 74). Optical coherence tomography was used to measure ocular biometry and choroidal thickness at seven horizontal regions, extending from nasal (N) to temporal (T). These regions included the subfoveal region, 0.5 mm (T/N0.5), 1.5 mm (T/N1.5), and 2.5 mm (T/N2.5) from the subfoveal. A proposed fitting curve equation described the choroidal curvature.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Binocular choroidal thickness exhibited a decreasing trend from temporal to nasal regions, with slight thickening in the subfoveal region compared to choroidal thickness at T0.5 and N0.5 in both groups (<i>P</i> < 0.01). In the anisometropia group, lower myopic eyes had greater choroidal thickness than those with higher myopia (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Fitting curve analysis revealed that eyes with lower myopia exhibited greater choroidal curvature than those with higher refractive power within the anisometropia group (<i>P</i> = 0.021). Additionally, choroidal thickness at parafoveal locations positively correlated with SE and negatively correlated with axial length in all eyes (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In adults with myopia, choroidal thickness shows a decreasing trend from temporal to nasal region and is negatively correlated with myopia degree. Morphological flattening in anisometropic eyes suggests choroid remodeling for axial adaptation elongation.</p>","PeriodicalId":93945,"journal":{"name":"Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)","volume":"19 ","pages":"1751-1762"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12141424/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144251319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}