Carbon Capture Science & Technology最新文献

{"title":"Performance analysis of oil recovery and CO2 retention in a greenfield residual oil zone: CO2-EOR in Tall Cotton Field (Permian Basin, West Texas, USA)","authors":"C. Özgen Karacan","doi":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Residual oil zones (ROZs) can offer significant oil resources via enhanced oil recovery (EOR) as well as subsurface carbon dioxide (CO₂) retention during injection. If injected CO₂ is anthropogenic, the ROZs can offer a substantial geologic storage potential. The ROZs below the oil/water contact (OWC) of main pay zones (MPZ) in conventional reservoirs or brownfields, are more commonly developed for CO₂ injection and oil production and reported in the literature. However, CO₂-EOR in greenfield ROZs, reservoirs without a MPZ present, have rarely been developed for CO₂-EOR operation. The Tall Cotton Field of West Texas, Permian Basin, which started production in 2015 (Phase 1) and expanded in 2017 (Phase 2) from the San Andres Limestone, is one of the first examples of greenfield ROZs developed for EOR by injecting CO₂.</div><div>This paper analyses EOR and CO₂ retention performance of Tall Cotton Field using allocated injection and production data from inverted 5-spot well patterns of Phase-1 and -2 developments. Production and injection data allocated to each of the 28 identified patterns (nine 20-acre patterns for Phase-1, three 20-acre and sixteen 10-acre patterns for Phase-2) were analyzed for historical and forecasted oil recovery using ratio-trend decline analysis, and for CO₂ retention performance of the patterns. The allocated data were further used to calculate injected reservoir pore volume and void replacement ratios (VRR) for the analysis period. Quantitative results indicated that oil recovery factors of the 5-spot patterns varied between 4–10 %, and 5–30 % between the end of injection and the forecast periods, respectively. Storage of CO₂, on the other hand, increased to a mean value of ∼7130 MMscf per pattern in Phase-1 and to a mean storage of 3700 MMscf per pattern in Phase-2 until the end of injection, followed by a decline after the end of injection and into the forecast period. Resulting CO₂ utilization factors ∼6–50 Mscf/bbl were estimated at the end of injection. Overall, presented results suggested that developing greenfield ROZs for CO₂-EOR can be as promising as brownfield ROZs and mature MPZs for EOR and underground storage of injected CO₂. For Tall Cotton Field, results suggest that Phase-2 patterns generally outperformed Phase-1 for oil recovery factors, while Phase-1 performed better in CO₂ retention performance metrics. This is the first study in the literature that reports a detailed CO₂-EOR performance analysis of a greenfield ROZ in the Permian Basin, which can potentially allow for comparison with MPZs and brownfield ROZs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9387,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Capture Science & Technology","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100544"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145568416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon dioxide storage in depleted gas reservoirs in northeastern Alberta: Prioritizing CO2 storage sites within a CCS value chain framework","authors":"Zhuoheng Chen ,&nbsp;Wanju Yuan ,&nbsp;Xiaolong Peng ,&nbsp;Di Lu ,&nbsp;Hyojong Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100529","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100529","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thousands of depleted shallow gas reservoirs in northeast Alberta offer a promising CO₂ storage complements to deep saline aquifers, supporting carbon removal in the oilsands region. This study presents a three-step framework to evaluate their suitability: a) initial screening to ensure sufficient capacity and injectivity, and containment, b) multi-criteria ranking to identify the most strategic candidates, and c) source–sink (S–S) optimization to integrate spatial and economic constraints within a carbon capture and storage (CCS) value chain framework, enabling the prioritization of optimal storage sites. From an initial inventory of 4694 depleted pools, 874 reservoirs with a combined capacity of 1518 Mt CO₂ were shortlisted. These were aggregated into fields and further integrated into four distinct trends based on geological and engineering characteristics within a CCS value chain framework. The Lower Cretaceous Kirby–Leming rend emerged as the most favorable, with capacity of 772 Mt CO₂, strong injectivity, and economic viability. The Resdeln–Duncan trend followed closely, having a storage capacity of 366 Mt CO₂, offering similar geological advantages but located farther from proposed pipelines. The Craigend–Lindbergh trend, while less optimal geologically with smaller capacity of 227 Mt CO₂ storage, aligns well with the planned Oil Sands Pathways Alliance CO₂ hub, making it a strategic complementary site. In contrast, the Devonian carbonate reservoirs in the Granor–Ukalta trend ranked lowest due to poor injectivity, long transport distances and lower capacity of 154 Mt. Altogether, the top three trends offer nearly 1400 Mt of storage potential. This study pinpoints high-potential CO₂ storage zones, providing insights for regional carbon management strategies. Integrating shallow gas reservoirs into Alberta’s CCS infrastructure could accelerate near-term carbon removal while reinforcing long-term net-zero objectives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9387,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Capture Science & Technology","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100529"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145358425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Graphene-doped membranes for direct air capture (m-DAC) of CO2","authors":"Omnya Al-Yafiee ,&nbsp;Priyanka Kumari ,&nbsp;Christophe Castel ,&nbsp;Ze-Xian Low ,&nbsp;Lei Wang ,&nbsp;Yichang Pan ,&nbsp;Konstantinos Papadopoulos ,&nbsp;Dionysios Vroulias ,&nbsp;Theophilos Ioannides ,&nbsp;George E. Romanos ,&nbsp;Eric Favre ,&nbsp;Georgios Karanikolos ,&nbsp;Ludovic F. Dumée","doi":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100541","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100541","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rising atmospheric CO₂ levels drive the urgent need for efficient capture technologies. Conventional methods such as amine-based absorption and solid desiccants are energy-intensive and costly. Membrane gas separation offers a promising alternative due to its process simplicity and potential cost reduction, though its application in Direct Air Capture (DAC) remains underexplored. Unlike cyclic sorbent-based DAC systems, membrane-based separation enables continuous CO2 capture without chemical regeneration steps. This approach offers a scalable, modular pathway for low-maintenance DAC operation. This study presents highly CO₂-selective and permeable polymeric membranes able to strip CO₂ from synthetic ambient air. The performance of the membranes was enhanced by incorporating amine-functionalized graphene oxide (GO) into micron-thin block-copolymer membranes, supporting interfacial engineering to increase CO₂ affinity and enhance flux via interstitial diffusion. The membranes achieved CO₂/N₂ selectivities of 68±2 and permeabilities of 21.27±0.5 GPU under DAC conditions (0.04 % v/v CO₂ in N₂). The stability of the performance in humid conditions up to 45 RH% was also tested and the selectivities found to remain on par with dry air testing, supporting the development of m-DAC as a viable route to support atmospheric CO₂ capture. A multi-stage membrane process simulation was also conducted to evaluate the scalability of the process, demonstrating its feasibility and cost for large-scale CO₂ capture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9387,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Capture Science & Technology","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100541"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145568351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Volatile nitrosamine manual stack monitoring method: sampling validation and performance assessment on stack simulated conditions","authors":"Haydn Barros,&nbsp;Richard Harvey,&nbsp;Hannah Cheales-Norman,&nbsp;Chris Dimopoulos,&nbsp;Rod Robinson","doi":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100539","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Degradation products of sorbent amines used in Post Combustion CO₂ Capture (PCC) (amines, nitrosamines, etc.) are potentially emitted to the atmosphere, impacting health and the environment. This paper proposes and validates for the first time a manual stack sampling method for monitoring nitrosamine emissions, using a purpose-built test bench and simulating nitrosamine sampling through monitoring tests under controlled conditions mimicking those of a PCC plant. The method uses isokinetic sampling (due to the presence of water droplets in the PCC flue gas), a combination of liquid sampling (three impingers in series) and dry sampling cartridges. Collected samples were refrigerated and send to for laboratory analysis (using a Gas Chromatography - Thermal Energy Analyser). In terms of the recovered mass of the target analytes, the method was successfully validated for the five more volatile compounds (NDMA, NMEA, NDEA, NDPA, and NPIP), while the three less volatile nitrosamine’s (NDBA, NPYR, and NMOR) had recoveries of 75–80 %. However, based on the same experimental data but using the criterion of recovering in the last impinger &lt;5 % of the total (for each species), only the linear nitrosamines with medium volatility failed, NDPA and NDBA, capturing 11 and 22 % respectively. As expected, these last two nitrosamines were also found in sizeable amounts in the back-end cartridge, demonstrating significant breakthrough from all the impingers. In spite of the general good recovery of the method for volatile nitrosamines, the results for some of the semi-volatile species show that is advisable to enhance the method to achieve a recovery closer to 100 % for all the nitrosamines. Two simple proposals to achieve that goal are discussed. The sampling recovery depends on the volatility and chemical structure of the specific nitrosamines. The conclusions presented here could be carefully extrapolated to other species with similar volatilities and structures, but not to low volatile nitrosamines which will require different sample media to be sampled, for that reason they are outside of the scope of this work.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9387,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Capture Science & Technology","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100539"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145614607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From LLMs to sustainable proteins: fine-tuning and prompt engineering for multi-agent AI in waste carbon-utilising microbial protein production","authors":"Alexander D. Kalian ,&nbsp;Jaewook Lee ,&nbsp;Stefan P. Johannesson ,&nbsp;Lennart Otte ,&nbsp;Christer Hogstrand ,&nbsp;Miao Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100525","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100525","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global demand for sustainable protein sources has accelerated the need for intelligent tools that can rapidly process and synthesise domain-specific scientific knowledge. In this study, we present a multi-agent Artificial Intelligence (AI) framework designed to support sustainable protein production research, with an initial focus on microbial protein fermentation using side-streams which enables waste carbon capture and utilisation (CCU). Our Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)-oriented system consists of two GPT-based LLM agents: (1) a literature search agent that retrieves relevant scientific literature on microbial protein production for a specified microbial strain, and (2) an information extraction agent that processes the retrieved content to extract relevant biological and chemical information. Two parallel methodologies, fine-tuning and prompt engineering, were explored for agent optimisation. Both methods demonstrated effectiveness at improving the performance of the information extraction agent in terms of transformer-based cosine similarity scores between obtained and ideal outputs. Mean cosine similarity scores were increased by up to 25 %, while universally reaching mean scores of ≥0.89 against ideal output text. Fine-tuning overall improved the mean scores to a greater extent (consistently of ≥0.94) compared to prompt engineering, although lower statistical uncertainties were observed with the latter approach. A user interface was developed and published for enabling the use of the multi-agent AI system, alongside preliminary exploration of additional chemical safety-based search capabilities relevant to CCU-integrated sustainable protein production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9387,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Capture Science & Technology","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100525"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization and deactivation mechanisms of molten salt-promoted MgO for intermediate-temperature CO2 capture","authors":"Yaozu Wang ,&nbsp;Yuqi Niu ,&nbsp;Yunrong Zhao ,&nbsp;Bocheng Yu ,&nbsp;Jinyang Xu ,&nbsp;Yongqing Xu ,&nbsp;Shijie Yu ,&nbsp;Xuan Bie ,&nbsp;Qinghai Li ,&nbsp;Yanguo Zhang ,&nbsp;Jingyuan Ma ,&nbsp;Shuzhuang Sun ,&nbsp;Fei Song ,&nbsp;Hui Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100492","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100492","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The incorporation of nitrate molten salts has been demonstrated as an effective strategy to enhance the CO₂ uptake of MgO for intermediate-temperature (200–400 °C) CO₂ capture. However, the slow carbonation kinetics in flue gas capture, coupled with poor stability, hinder its industrial application. In this study, the addition of Na₂CO₃ was found to significantly improve the sorption kinetics of MgO in a 15 % CO₂ atmosphere, achieving a CO₂ capacity of 19.9 mmol/g at 275 °C with a 15 mol% total promoter loading (Na₂CO₃/NaNO₃ = 1:4). Mechanistic analysis revealed that Na₂CO₃ promotes the formation of Na₂Mg(CO₃)₂, which acts as an effective nucleation site for MgCO₃ formation, accelerating the carbonation rate by a factor of eight. The Hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES) revealed that an increased Na/Mg ratio caused subsurface migration and aggregation of molten salts, leading to a permanent rise in local salt concentrations, which negatively affected CO₂ capture performance. These findings offer valuable insights into the structural degradation mechanisms and provide guidance for enhancing the stability of nitrate-enhanced MgO, thereby improving its potential for intermediate-temperature CO₂ capture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9387,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Capture Science & Technology","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100492"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145027387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic elucidation of cascade CO2 hydrogenation enabled by Cu–Fe interfaces and oxygen vacancies","authors":"Hyeonji Yeom,&nbsp;Yongseok Kim,&nbsp;Woosung Leem,&nbsp;Jongmin Park,&nbsp;Kyungsu Na","doi":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100500","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100500","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The direct hydrogenation of CO₂ using green hydrogen offers a sustainable route to produce carbon-neutral liquid hydrocarbons, emerging as a viable alternative to conventional naphtha cracking. Although Fe-based CuAl₂O₄ catalysts have been widely studied for CO₂ hydrogenation, the mechanistic role of hydrogen spillover across dynamic Cu–Fe and associated oxygen vacancies has remained elusive. Here, the structure of FeK/CuAl₂O₄ catalysts was systematically tailored by controlling the reduction temperature to elucidate the exsolution-driven restructuration of pristine catalyst structure and its influences on the catalytic performance. We investigated the reaction process using in-situ DRIFTS analysis, from which we for the first time observed a cascade mechanism activated by hydrogen spillover, revealing various elementary reaction steps: (i) preferential adsorption of CO₂ as carbonate species on oxygen vacancies created by Cu exsolution in CuAl₂O₄ lattice, (ii) effective formate-mediated reverse water–gas shift (RWGS) reaction via the hydrogen spillover from exsolved Cu, (iii) promoted Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) reaction on Fe₅C₂ formed by the facilitated Fe carburization at the exsolved Cu–Fe₃O₄ interfaces, (iv) rapid desorption of hydrocarbons produced via controlled carbon chain growth. This cooperative interaction enabled the selective production of C_5–11 hydrocarbons, achieving the highest C_5–11 productivity of 290.7 mL g_cat^–1 h^–1, surpassing our previous work at a CO₂ conversion of 36.4%. These findings establish a quantitative structure–performance–mechanism relationship and offer design principles for selectivity control toward desired hydrocarbon ranges in multifunctional CO₂ hydrogenation catalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9387,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Capture Science & Technology","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100500"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144933166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility assessment of a spray tower for gas-liquid reactive precipitation in CO2 capture","authors":"Robert Kiefel ,&nbsp;Jonas Görtz ,&nbsp;Jan Haß ,&nbsp;Julius Walorski ,&nbsp;Falk Zimmer ,&nbsp;Andreas Jupke","doi":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100509","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;The industrial deployment of &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;C&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; capture technologies for purifying gases with low &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;C&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; partial pressure (e.g., flue gas) has been limited due to substantial economic hurdles. Process intensification offers a pathway to enhance the cost efficiency of &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;C&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; sequestration. One approach that has garnered significant attention is the process integration of phase-change absorbents. Among these, bis(iminoguanidines) have shown considerable promise in recent literature. Particularly, glyoxal-bis(iminoguanidine) (GBIG) has demonstrated the ability to precipitate &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;HCO&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; with low regeneration energy demand. However, GBIG and comparable phase-change absorbents require the integration of alkaline scrubbing with reactive precipitation in a single unit operation (gas-liquid reactive precipitation), introducing operational challenges such as scaling and clogging in conventionally applied packed-bed columns. To mitigate these issues, this study investigates the use of a spray tower as a gas-liquid reactive precipitator for &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;C&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; capture from a flue gas surrogate. A pilot-scale spray tower is designed, constructed, and operated. Contrary to expectations, Rayleigh breakup of liquid jets induces a bimodal droplet size distribution in the lower sections of the tower, indicating limited scalability and highlighting the need for liquid recycling. For comparative purposes, the investigation includes a &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msubsup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;C&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msubsup&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;-precipitating system (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Ba&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;OH&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;mo&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) and a non-precipitating system (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;NaOH&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;), alongside GBIG. All systems demonstrate stable operability in single-pass and batch modes. During liquid recycling, small amounts of solids are entrained to the tower top. Nevertheless, no evidence of scaling or clogging is detected at the orifice plate, suggesting that the precipitated solids are significantly smaller than the orifice diameter. In the final performance comparison, the &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;GBIG&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; system demonstrates superior &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;C&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; capture efficiency relative to the &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;Ba&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mtext&gt;OH&lt;/mtext&gt;&lt;mo&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; system. However, achieving this efficiency com","PeriodicalId":9387,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Capture Science & Technology","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100509"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145096340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing humidity for direct air capture: Moisture-swing sorbent design and mechanisms","authors":"Baljeet Singh,&nbsp;Zahra Eshaghi Gorji,&nbsp;Luc Charbonneau,&nbsp;Timo Repo","doi":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100497","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100497","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Direct Air Capture (DAC) and Post-Combustion CO₂ capture (PCC) using liquid and solid amine sorbents, received enormous attention due to worsening weather and climate change. Enhancing the efficiency of CO₂ capture and removal technologies is crucial, with a primary focus on reducing the energy demand for continuous capture-release cycles. Low-energy CO₂ removal strategies offer promising durability and low operational costs, and a low levelized cost per ton of CO₂ removal is preferred for large-scale implementation. This review highlights low-energy CO₂ removal approaches, such as moisture/humidity swing sorbents. This discussion covers the influence of structural and molecular characteristics, the effect of counter anions on CO₂ removal efficiency and kinetics, the impact of different operational factors on performance, and the long-term stability of these materials. Continuous exploration and optimization of these materials and methods are vital for advancing the moisture swing method, contributing to global efforts to combat climate change and promoting environmental sustainability. Finally, recommendations are provided for the design of innovative materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9387,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Capture Science & Technology","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100497"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145096441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Next-Generation Cu-MOF-based electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction: Bridging mechanistic insights and rational design","authors":"Hafiz Muhammad Waqar Abid ,&nbsp;Mannix P. Balanay","doi":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100521","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccst.2025.100521","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO₂RR) represents a promising pathway toward sustainable and carbon-neutral production of fuels and chemicals. Among various electrocatalysts, copper-based metal–organic frameworks (Cu-MOFs) have emerged as a highly versatile class of materials. This review provides a comprehensive overview of Cu-MOF-based electrocatalysts, with a particular focus on controlling rate and product selectivity toward C₁ (CO, HCOOH, CH₄, CH₃OH) and C₂ (C₂H₄, C₂H₅OH) compounds. We critically examine how operando/DFT informed factors such as metal-ligand coordination, framework topology, and electronic structure influence key mechanistic steps of CO₂RR. Persistent challenges such as low intrinsic electrical conductivity, structural instability, and insufficient selectivity toward multicarbon products are thoroughly examined. This review is distinctive in connecting fundamental mechanistic pathways of CO₂RR with material design, highlighting how π-conjugated linkers, heteroatom doping, in situ reconstruction and derivatives, as well as hydrophobic surface engineering can be harnessed to optimize activity, selectivity and stability. Particular attention is given to operando and in situ characterization techniques. Finally, we propose a future roadmap that integrates band structure engineering, development of bimetallic and multi-functional active sites, and implementation of standardized testing protocols. By bridging mechanistic understanding with rational material design, this review aims to accelerate the development of high-performance, durable, and scalable Cu-MOF-based electrocatalysts for efficient CO₂ reduction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9387,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Capture Science & Technology","volume":"17 ","pages":"Article 100521"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145155274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}