Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme最新文献_第5页

Moderators of movement behaviour changes among Canadian toddlers and preschoolers throughout the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic. 在 COVID-19 大流行的头两年中，加拿大幼儿和学龄前儿童运动行为变化的调节因素。

Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-30 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2023-0453

Valerie Carson, Zhiguang Zhang, Madison Boyd, Morgan Potter, Joshua Li, Nicholas Kuzik, Stephen Hunter

{"title":"Moderators of movement behaviour changes among Canadian toddlers and preschoolers throughout the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Valerie Carson, Zhiguang Zhang, Madison Boyd, Morgan Potter, Joshua Li, Nicholas Kuzik, Stephen Hunter","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2023-0453","DOIUrl":"10.1139/apnm-2023-0453","url":null,"abstract":"Primary objectives were to examine: (1) changes in movement behaviours (i.e., outdoor play (OP), organized physical activity (PA), screen time (ST), sleep) across the first 2 years of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) among Canadian toddlers and preschoolers, and (2) intrapersonal, interpersonal, community, and policy moderators of change in movement behaviors. Participants were 341 Canadian parents of children (start of study: 1-4 years; 48% female). Participants completed online questionnaires regarding their children's movement behaviours and intrapersonal, interpersonal, and community factors at five time-points before and throughout the pandemic (T1-T5). Data from government websites were also used for some community and policy factors. Linear mixed models were conducted. Compared to pre-COVID-19 (T1): OP was on average 30 min/day higher at T2 and T3; organized PA was on average 62, 44, and 37 min/day lower at T2, T3, and T4, respectively; ST was on average 67, 17, 38, and 52 min/day higher at T2, T3, T4, and T5, respectively; and sleep was on average 30, 36, and 82 min/day lower at T3, T4, and T5, respectively. Significant moderating variables were observed for OP (parental education, parental work inside home, COVID-19 restriction severity), organized PA (children's sex, started kindergarten, nonparental care, parental education, household income, parental employment status, house type, indoor home space and support for PA), ST (nonparental care, parental marital status) and sleep (children's T1 age group, started kindergarten, parental place of birth, parental employment status). All movement behaviors changed across the first 2 years of COVID-19 but patterns and moderators were behaviour-specific. Children from lower socioeconomic status families had the least optimal patterns.","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141181590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Physiological Consequences of and Recovery following the Australian Special Forces Selection Course. 澳大利亚特种部队选拔课程的生理后果和恢复。

Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2024-0117

Angela Clare Uphill, Kristina L Kendall, Bradley A Baker, Stuart N Guppy, Hannah Brown, Michael Vacher, Bradley C Nindl, G Gregory Haff

{"title":"The Physiological Consequences of and Recovery following the Australian Special Forces Selection Course.","authors":"Angela Clare Uphill, Kristina L Kendall, Bradley A Baker, Stuart N Guppy, Hannah Brown, Michael Vacher, Bradley C Nindl, G Gregory Haff","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2024-0117","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to determine the energy requirements, physiological consequences, and recovery rate from the Australian Special Forces Selection Course. Ninety-three male soldiers (mean ± SD, 28.1 ± 3.6 y, 1.81 ± 0.1 m, 85.1 ± 8.1 kg) volunteered for this study. Body composition via dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, hormones and resting metabolic rate were assessed before, immediately after, and at one, three, five, and eight weeks post-course. Energy expenditure, assessed via doubly-labelled water during the first 10 days of the course significantly exceeded energy intake (expenditure: 7680 ± 1095 kcal.d-1, intake: 3859 ± 704 kcal.d-1). Body mass (△ -6.8 ± 1.9 kg, p<0.01), fat mass (△ -4.2 ± 1.0 kg, p<0.0001) and lean mass (△ -3.0 ± 1.7 kg, p<0.0001) were significantly reduced in response to the course and returned to baseline 1-3 weeks post-course. Total testosterone, free testosterone, free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine and insulin like growth factor-1 significantly (p<0.001) declined following the course, while cortisol and sex hormone binding globulin increased (p<0.001). All hormones, except insulin like growth factor-1, returned to baseline concentrations within 1-3 weeks post-course. Resting metabolic rate decreased (p<0.01) in response to the course, and subsequently rebounded above baseline levels at one week post-course. The Special Forces Selection Course involved high energy output and a substantial caloric deficit, resulting in body mass loss and significant hormonal disruption that took weeks to recover. These results highlight the energy requirements, physiological consequences, and recovery processes from the Australian Special Forces Selection Course.","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142086465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The relationship between youth's exposure to unhealthy digital food marketing and their dietary intake in Canada. 加拿大青少年接触不健康数字食品营销与其饮食摄入量之间的关系。

Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2024-0224

Laura Vergeer, Carolina Soto, Mariangela Bagnato, Elise Pauzé, Ashley Amson, Tim Ramsay, Dana Lee Olstad, Vivian Welch, Monique Potvin Kent

{"title":"The relationship between youth's exposure to unhealthy digital food marketing and their dietary intake in Canada.","authors":"Laura Vergeer, Carolina Soto, Mariangela Bagnato, Elise Pauzé, Ashley Amson, Tim Ramsay, Dana Lee Olstad, Vivian Welch, Monique Potvin Kent","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2024-0224","url":null,"abstract":"There is limited evidence on how exposure to digital marketing of unhealthy foods affects youth's dietary behaviours. This study therefore aimed to examine the association between youth's self-reported digital food marketing exposure and dietary intakes, and explore predictors of frequent unhealthy food consumption. A survey was conducted among 1075 youth in Canada (aged 10-17 years) in April 2023. Proportional odds models examined associations between frequency of exposure to digital marketing of unhealthy foods and frequency of consumption of those foods, adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics and digital device usage. Compared with participants reporting no exposure to digital fast-food marketing in the past week, those exposed ≥4 times per week were more likely to consume fast food more frequently. Youth exposed to digital marketing of sugary drinks and salty/savoury snacks ≥1 time(s) in the previous week were more likely to consume these foods on a greater number of days, compared with those reporting no exposure to this marketing in the past week. Reporting exposure to digital marketing of desserts/sweet treats every day or more than once a day was associated with more frequent consumption of desserts/sweet treats. Province of residence (Ontario/Quebec) and total daily time spent online predicted more frequent consumption of fast-food, sugary drinks, salty/savoury snacks and desserts/sweet treats. Overall, more frequent self-reported exposure to digital marketing of unhealthy foods is associated with more frequent consumption of these foods by Canadian youth. Regulations are needed to help protect youth from digital food marketing, which may help reduce their unhealthy food consumption.","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142082913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dietary Factors May Be Associated With Measures of Ultrasound-derived Skeletal Muscle Echo Intensity. 饮食因素可能与骨骼肌超声回波强度测量有关

Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2024-0256

Joe Page, Georgia A Scott, James N Aggett, Georgina K Stebbings, Liam Kilduff, Caoileann H Murphy, Mark Waldron, Shane M Heffernan

{"title":"Dietary Factors May Be Associated With Measures of Ultrasound-derived Skeletal Muscle Echo Intensity.","authors":"Joe Page, Georgia A Scott, James N Aggett, Georgina K Stebbings, Liam Kilduff, Caoileann H Murphy, Mark Waldron, Shane M Heffernan","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2024-0256","url":null,"abstract":"Skeletal muscle echo intensity (EI) is affected by ageing and physical activity; however, the effects of nutrition are less understood. The aim of this study was to explore whether habitual nutrient intake may be associated with ultrasound-derived EI. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) models were trained on an initial sample (n=100, M=45; F=55; 38±15 years) to predict EI of two quadriceps muscles from 19 variables, using the 'jack-knife' function within the 'pls' package (RStudio), which was then tested in an additional dataset (n= 30, M=13; F=17; 38±16 years). EI was determined using B-mode ultrasonography of the rectus femoris (RF) and vastus lateralis (VL) and nutritional intake determined via three-day weighed food diaries. Mean daily intake of specific nutrients were included as predictor variables with age, sex and self-reported physical activity. PLSR training model 1 explained ~52% and model 2 ~46% of the variance in RF and VL EI, respectively. Model 1 also explained ~35% and model 2 ~30% of the variance in RF and VL EI in the additional testing dataset. Age and biological sex were associated with EI in both models (P<0.025). Dietary protein (RF: β=-7.617,VL: β=-7.480), and selenium (RF: β=-7.144,VL: β=-4.775) were associated with EI in both muscles (P<0.05), whereas fibre intake (RF: β=-5.215) was associated with RF EI only and omega-3 fatty acids (n-3/ω-3 FAs, RF: β=3.145) with VL EI only (P<0.05). Therefore, absolute protein, selenium, fibre and n-3 FAs may be associated with skeletal muscle EI, although further mechanistic work is required before claiming causal inference.","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142044253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the Ergogenic Potential of Carbohydrate-Caffeine Combined Mouth Rinse on Exercise and Cognitive Performance: A Systematic Review. 探索碳水化合物-咖啡因复合漱口水对运动和认知表现的致能潜力：系统性综述。

Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2024-0228

Eric Tsz-Chun Tsz-Chun Poon, Jaclyn Hei Tsang, Feng-Hua Sun, Ajmol A Ali, Ian Rollo, Stephen Heung-Sang Wong

{"title":"Exploring the Ergogenic Potential of Carbohydrate-Caffeine Combined Mouth Rinse on Exercise and Cognitive Performance: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Eric Tsz-Chun Tsz-Chun Poon, Jaclyn Hei Tsang, Feng-Hua Sun, Ajmol A Ali, Ian Rollo, Stephen Heung-Sang Wong","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2024-0228","url":null,"abstract":"Carbohydrate (CHO) and caffeine (CAF) mouth rinsing have been independently reported to benefit sport performance. The proposed mechanisms by which mouth rinsing CHO exerts an influence are reported to be different to those for mouth rinsing CAF. However, the potential ergogenic effects of combining CHO and CAF in a single mouth rinse solution, are unclear. This study aimed to review the available evidence of CHO-CAF combined mouth rinse on exercise and cognitive performance in human participants. A systematic literature search was conducted using five databases until April 2024, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. Among the nine randomized crossover studies included, only one study showed significant improvements in lower-body muscular endurance with CHO-CAF mouth rinse (effect size [ES]: 0.48; p<0.05), while two studies reported non-statistically significant improvements in repeated sprint performance compared to other mouth rinse and placebo conditions (ES: 0.20-0.81;p=0.07-0.18). However, for other performance measures including repeated jumps, upper-body strength and endurance, endurance cycling, and intermittent recovery run, most evidence (five studies) did not demonstrate significant ergogenic effects. Notably, of the two studies that examined cognitive performance, both reported significant improvements with CHO-CAF mouth rinse compared with the placebo condition (ES: 0.45-3.45; p<0.05). Overall, a synergistic influence of CHO-CAF mouth rinse on physical exercise performance is not evident, but preliminary evidence suggests potential benefits on cognitive performance. Future studies are required to address various methodological issues identified in this review, while practitioners and athletes should exercise caution when considering this novel nutritional strategy.","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142019833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating the relationship between emotions and physical literacy in a quality physical education context. 调查优质体育教育背景下情绪与体育素养之间的关系。

Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2024-0082

Adam Woolley, Natalie Houser, Dean Kriellaars

{"title":"Investigating the relationship between emotions and physical literacy in a quality physical education context.","authors":"Adam Woolley, Natalie Houser, Dean Kriellaars","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2024-0082","url":null,"abstract":"Affective experiences have been shown to influence attitudes and future behaviors related to physical activity, but no studies have related these experiences to physical literacy or examined affective experiences in quality physical education (QPE). The aim of this study was to describe emotions experienced in a QPE context and relate those emotions to students' physical literacy and self-esteem. A cross-sectional study of 145 4th and 5th grade students were surveyed after a PE class on their emotional experiences, physical literacy (self-description and movement valuation) and self-esteem. In this QPE context, 73% of students reported only positive emotions, 26% mixed positive and negative emotions and 1% expressed only negative emotions. Pride and enjoyment were strongly co-occurring (89%). Among students expressing mixed emotions, 90% still yielded positive aggregate emotional experiences. Positive emotions have significant (p<0.001), moderate to strong positive correlations with physical literacy (rho=0.65 pride, 0.50 enjoyment) and self-esteem (rho=0.48 pride, 0.38 enjoyment) and negative emotions have significant (p<0.001), moderate negative correlations with physical literacy (rho=-0.47 shame, -0.30 anger, -0.32 boredom) and self-esteem (rho=-0.33 shame, -0.29 anger, -0.21 boredom). This study reveals strong positive emotional responses by students in a purported QPE context. The presence of mixed emotions with net positive aggregate experiences highlights the importance of consideration of both negative and positive emotions in movement contexts. Affective states have been proposed as key elements of physical literacy, and this study supports this through valence matched associations between both positive/negative affect with physical literacy and self-esteem.","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142006033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Comparison of the Effects of Dairy Products with their Plant-based Alternatives on Metabolic Responses in Healthy Young Canadian Adults: a randomized cross-over study. 比较乳制品和植物替代品对加拿大健康年轻人代谢反应的影响：一项随机交叉研究。

Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme Pub Date : 2024-08-15 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2024-0158

Nicole Da Silva, G Harvey Anderson, Amira M Amr, Shirley Vien, Hrvoje Fabek

{"title":"A Comparison of the Effects of Dairy Products with their Plant-based Alternatives on Metabolic Responses in Healthy Young Canadian Adults: a randomized cross-over study.","authors":"Nicole Da Silva, G Harvey Anderson, Amira M Amr, Shirley Vien, Hrvoje Fabek","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2024-0158","url":null,"abstract":"Plant-based food demand is rapidly increasing. However, the metabolic responses of plant proteins within their commercially available form remains unclear. Two randomized crossover experiments compared plant-based alternatives to dairy on postprandial glycemia, metabolic hormones, and appetite before and after a fixed size (12 kcal/kg body weight) pasta meal in sixteen healthy young adults (eight males and eight females). In experiment one, participants (22.8±2.3y) consumed one-serving of Greek yogurt (175g), cheddar cheese (30g), plant-based cheese (30g), or plant-based yogurt (175g). In experiment two, participants (22.3±2.4y) consumed one-serving (250 mL) of cow's milk, vanilla soy beverage or vanilla almond beverage, and (30 g) of cheddar cheese or plant-based cheese. Blood glucose, insulin, and appetite were measured at baseline, post-treatment, and following a fixed-size pasta meal (post-meal) within 15-30 min. In experiment two, C-peptide, GLP-1, and ghrelin were measured. Greek yogurt and cheddar cheese lowered post-meal blood glucose more than their plant-based alternatives (p <0.01) and post-treatment blood glucose was higher following almond beverage than cheddar cheese and plant-based cheese (p <0.01). In experiment 1, post-treatment insulin was higher after Greek yogurt than cheddar cheese and plant-based cheese and all treatments post-meal (p <0.02). Post-meal appetite was lower after plant-based yogurt than cheddar cheese and plant-based cheese (p <0.01). In experiment 2, post-treatment insulin was higher after almond beverage compared to all treatments (p <0.01) and post-meal GLP-1 was higher after milk than almond beverage (p =0.03). We conclude that the physiological functionality of plant-based alternatives as measured by blood glucose, insulin, C-peptide, and GLP-1 did not replicate the metabolic functions of dairy products.","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141989725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Determining Cold Strain in Cold Air: A Comparison of Two Methods of Partitional Calorimetry to Calculate Heat Storage and Debt in Cold Air with Mild hypothermia. 测定冷空气中的冷应变：比较用部分量热法计算轻度体温过低的冷空气中热量储存和消耗的两种方法。

Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme Pub Date : 2024-08-14 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2024-0204

Phillip Wallace, Geoff Hartley, Stephen S Cheung

{"title":"Determining Cold Strain in Cold Air: A Comparison of Two Methods of Partitional Calorimetry to Calculate Heat Storage and Debt in Cold Air with Mild hypothermia.","authors":"Phillip Wallace, Geoff Hartley, Stephen S Cheung","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2024-0204","url":null,"abstract":"We compared two methods of partitional calorimetry to calculate heat storage and heat debt during cold air (0°C) exposure causing mild core cooling. Twelve participants performed a 5-min baseline in thermoneutral conditions (~22.0°C, ~50% relative humidity) followed by cold air exposure (~0°C) until rectal temperature was reduced by ∆-0.5°C. Partitional calorimetry was used to calculate avenues of heat exchange (radiative, convective, and evaporative), heat storage, and heat debt continuously throughout cold exposure. We compared deriving these variables using prediction equations based on environmental and participant characteristics (PCALPRED) versus using measurement tools such as humidity sensors and heat flux discs (PCALHF). There were significant differences between methods (all p ≤ 0.001) for determining heat exchange, heat storage, and heat debt. At ∆-0.5°C, PCALHF had greater levels of radiative and convective heat exchange (PCALHF: -143.0 ± 16.8 W∙m2 vs PCALPRED: -123.0 ± 12.9 W∙m2, p ≤ 0.001), evaporative heat exchange (PCALHF: -9.0 ± 1.7 W∙m2 vs PCALPRED: -4.1 ± 0.0 W∙m2, p ≤ 0.001), heat storage (PCALHF: -15.0 ± 31.0 W∙m2 vs PCALPRED: +6.0 ± 25.9 W∙m2, p = 0.020), and heat debt (PCALHF: -692.0 ± 315.0 kJ vs PCALPRED: -422.0 ± 136.0 kJ, p ≤ 0.001). Overall, this study found the largest discrepancies between the two methods was when the environmental conditions and skin temperature were in high flux, as well as when core temperature was reduced by ∆-0.5°C. The use of PCALHF may be more advantageous to use in the cold to provide a higher resolution measurement of cold strain.","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141984109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of foot immersion and neck cooling on cardiac autonomic function in older adults exposed to indoor overheating : a randomized crossover trial. 浸脚和颈部降温对暴露于室内过热环境中的老年人心脏自主神经功能的影响：随机交叉试验。

Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme Pub Date : 2024-08-13 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2024-0126

Emma Rebecca McCourt, Robert D Meade, Brodie J Richards, Nicholas J Koetje, Nicholas B Santucci, James J McCormick, Pierre Boulay, Ronald J Sigal, Glen P Kenny

{"title":"The effect of foot immersion and neck cooling on cardiac autonomic function in older adults exposed to indoor overheating : a randomized crossover trial.","authors":"Emma Rebecca McCourt, Robert D Meade, Brodie J Richards, Nicholas J Koetje, Nicholas B Santucci, James J McCormick, Pierre Boulay, Ronald J Sigal, Glen P Kenny","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2024-0126","url":null,"abstract":"Foot immersion and neck cooling are recommended cooling strategies for protecting heat-vulnerable persons during heat waves. While we recently showed that these strategies do not limit core temperature increases in older adults during prolonged heat exposure, we did observe small reductions in heart rate. Expanding on these findings, we examined the effects of foot immersion with and without neck cooling on cardiac autonomic function. Seventeen adults (9 females; 65-81 years) underwent 3 randomized, 6-hour exposures to 38°C and 35% relative humidity with: no cooling (control), foot immersion (20°C water), or foot immersion with a wet towel (20°C) around the neck. Cardiac autonomic responses were measured at baseline and end-exposure. These included heart rate variability, cardiac and systolic blood pressure responses to standing, indexed via the 30:15 ratio and supine-to-standing systolic pressure change, respectively, and baroreflex sensitivity during repeated sit-to-stand maneuvers. The 30:15 ratio was 0.04 [95% CI: 0.01, 0.07] greater with foot immersion and neck cooling (1.08 (0.04)) relative to control (1.04 (0.06); P=0.018). Similarly, standing systolic pressure was elevated 9 [0, 17] mm Hg with foot immersion and neck cooling (P=0.043). That said, neither difference remained statistically significant after adjusting for multiplicity (Padjusted≥0.054). No differences in 30:15 ratio or standing systolic pressure were observed with foot immersion alone, while heart rate variability and baroreflex sensitivity were unaffected by either cooling intervention. While foot immersion with neck cooling potentially improved cardiac autonomic responses in older adults exposed to simulated indoor overheating, these effects were small and of questionable clinical importance.","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141977457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Translational approach to establish the cardiometabolic health effects and mechanisms of action of fish nutrients-it takes a village. 采用转化方法确定鱼类营养素对心脏代谢健康的影响和作用机制--这需要一个村庄。

Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme Pub Date : 2024-08-13 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2024-0111

Patricia L Mitchell, Geneviève Pilon, Laurent Bazinet, Claudia Gagnon, S John Weisnagel, Hélène Jacques, Marie-Claude Vohl, André Marette

{"title":"Translational approach to establish the cardiometabolic health effects and mechanisms of action of fish nutrients-it takes a village.","authors":"Patricia L Mitchell, Geneviève Pilon, Laurent Bazinet, Claudia Gagnon, S John Weisnagel, Hélène Jacques, Marie-Claude Vohl, André Marette","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0111","DOIUrl":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0111","url":null,"abstract":"People use dietary supplements to offset nutritional deficiencies and manage metabolic dysfunction. While the beneficial effect of fish proteins on glucose homeostasis is well established, the ability of fish peptides to replicate the protein findings is less clear. With financial support from a programmatic Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) Team grant, we aimed to identify salmon peptide fractions (SPFs) with the potential to mitigate metabolic dysfunction. Additionally, the grant aims included assessing whether vitamin D, a nutrient commonly found in salmon, could potentiate the beneficial effects of salmon peptides. In parallel, technologies were developed to separate and filter the isolated peptides. We employed an integrative approach that combined nutritional interventions in animal models and human subjects to identify metabolic pathways regulated by salmon peptides and other fish nutrients. This combination of interdisciplinary expertise revealed that a SPF could be a therapeutic tool used in the prevention and management of cardiometabolic diseases. Herein, we present a perspective of our CIHR funded grant that utilized a translational approach to establish the cardiometabolic health effects and mechanisms of action of fish nutrients: from animal models to clinical trials.","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141977469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0