Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme最新文献

{"title":"Body composition method for assessing fat-free mass influences energy availability estimation in elite and pre-elite athletes.","authors":"Marcos Rueda-Córdoba, Juan J Martin-Olmedo, Sergio Espinar, J R Ruiz, Lucas Jurado-Fasoli","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2025-0469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2025-0469","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Energy availability (EA) is a critical factor in athletic performance and overall well-being, influencing athletes' physiological functions, training adaptations, and recovery. This study examined the impact of different body composition assessment methods [dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and anthropometry] for assessing fat-free mass (FFM) on calculating and classifying EA in elite and pre-elite athletes. A total of 75 elite and pre-elite athletes (27 women; 24.9±5.9 years) were included in this study. EA was computed using each method's FFM estimate, and comparisons were conducted to evaluate differences in EA values, inter-method agreement, and shifts in EA categorization. The results revealed significant variations in EA depending on the FFM method employed (p < 0.001), with anthropometry yielding higher EA estimates than both BIA and DXA. Although strong correlations and high consistency were observed between methods (ICC = 0.982), discrepancies in classification were evident, particularly for individuals with EA values near clinical thresholds (i.e., 30 kcal/day/kg FFM or 45 kcal/day/kg FFM). BIA tended to overclassify low EA compared to DXA, while anthropometry more often identified individuals as having adequate EA. These findings highlight that choosing the FFM assessment method substantially influences EA estimation and its interpretation. Caution is advised when using BIA or anthropometry in applied settings, and the development of method-specific thresholds may enhance the accuracy and reliability of EA monitoring in athletic populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147847375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Cooling Centres on BDNF and HSP70 Responses During a Simulated Heatwave Exposure in Older Adults.","authors":"Joel M Garrett, James J McCormick, Kelli E King, Fergus O'Connor, Robert D Meade, Glen P Kenny","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2025-0443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2025-0443","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cooling centres are widely recommended to protect older adults and other vulnerable populations from the heat. While there is emerging evidence that cooling centres limit physiological strain, limited data exist on their impact on biomarkers such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), which are implicated in stress adaptation and neuroprotection. We investigated the effects of a 2-h cooling intervention during a 9-h simulated heatwave on serum BDNF and HSP70 concentrations in older adults. Thirty-six adults aged 64-79 years were assigned to either a control group (n=17) or a cooling group (n=19). The cooling group rested in air-conditioning (~23°C) during hours 5-6, while controls remained in the heat (heat index: 37°C). Serum BDNF and HSP70 were measured at baseline and end-exposure. Analysis of covariance was used to evaluate end-exposure biomarker concentrations, adjusting for baseline and physiological covariates, including thermal strain (area under the curve of core temperature), cardiovascular (heart rate, blood pressure), and autonomic function (root mean square of successive differences [RMSSD]). Cooling led to significantly lower end-exposure BDNF concentrations than controls (β=-595.0 pg/mL, 95% CI:-1162.7 to -27.4, p=0.041), while HSP70 remained unchanged (p=0.779). BDNF was associated with thermal strain (β=177.8 pg/mL per °C·h, p=0.022), and RMSSD (β=22.5 pg/mL per ms, p=0.009). These findings demonstrate that a brief cooling break attenuates stress-related BDNF upregulation in older adults, with circulating BDNF reflecting cumulative thermal load and autonomic function rather than reduced neuroprotection.</p>","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147847412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of the overall nutritional quality of food categories consumed at breakfast or as snacks: a repeated cross-sectional analysis of products sold in the province of Québec (Canada).","authors":"Annie Vézina, Alicia Corriveau, Mylène Turcotte, Clara-Jane Rhéaume, Sonia Pomerleau, Véronique Provencher, Marie-Eve Labonte","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2025-0531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2025-0531","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to evaluate the evolution of the overall nutritional quality of prepackaged foods sold in Québec (Canada) regularly consumed at breakfast or as snacks. A repeated cross-sectional analysis was conducted for Breakfast cereals (<i>n₂₀₁₆</i> 306, <i>n₂₀₂₁</i> 310), Sliced breads (<i>n₂₀₁₇</i> 262, <i>n₂₀₂₁</i> 261), Granola bars (<i>n₂₀₁₈</i> 240, <i>n₂₀₂₃</i> 234), and Yogurts and dairy desserts (<i>n_2018-2019</i> 468, <i>n₂₀₂₃</i> 279), all sourced from the Food Quality Observatory's databases. Overall nutritional quality was assessed using the score generated by the Nutri-Score updated algorithm (2023). Data were sales-weighted using NielsenIQ data to better represent foods purchased. Overall nutritional quality remained stable over time in all four main food categories (all <i>p</i> ≥ 0.11). Only Yogurts and dairy desserts that specifically underwent reformulation between both data collections showed an improved overall nutritional quality (i.e. lower score; 3.95±3.84 vs. 2.80±2.13, <i>p</i> = 0.03). Moreover, the overall nutritional quality of new products in the Sliced breads, Granola bars, and Yogurts and dairy desserts categories was similar to that of discontinued products (all <i>p</i> ≥ 0.06), while new Breakfast cereals had a lower overall nutritional quality than discontinued cereals (13.45±5.60 vs. 9.75±4.92, respectively, <i>p</i> < 0.001). This study showed that opportunities for product improvement, such as reformulation and the introduction of new products, have not been well integrated yet by food manufacturers in the most commonly purchased products. It highlights the importance for public health authorities to continue to actively develop, implement, evaluate, and support initiatives aimed at improving the overall nutritional quality of prepackaged foods.</p>","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147791749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex-specific Changes in Metabolic and Musculoskeletal Biomarkers After Acute Resistance Exercise in Healthy Young Adults.","authors":"Kristen J Koltun, Adam J Sterczala, Varun Patel, Jennifer N Forse, Kellen T Krajewski, Nicole M Sekel, Mita Lovalekar, Brian J Martin, Christopher Connaboy, Thomas J O'Leary, Julie P Greeves, Bradley C Nindl","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2025-0409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2025-0409","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exercise induces acute biochemical signaling between muscle, bone, and adipose tissues that may influence whole-body metabolism and musculoskeletal adaptation. This investigation examined sex-differences in concentrations of circulating biomarkers associated with metabolic and musculoskeletal regulation before and after an acute resistance exercise test. During baseline assessments for a longitudinal exercise training study, 37 participants (22 males and 15 females) completed an acute resistance exercise test consisting of a 6 set×10-repetition back squat at 75% of their one-repetition max. Blood samples were collected before and immediately after the acute resistance exercise test to quantify biomarker concentrations. Total body DXA determined body composition. Sex-differences in absolute changes from pre- to post-exercise in biomarker concentrations were examined. After adjusting for baseline lean mass, a significant interaction was observed for irisin (p=0.043); concentrations increased in males (∆1.1±0.3µg/mL, p<0.001) but not females (p=0.515). After adjusting for baseline bone mineral content, a significant main effect of time (∆12.7±1.5pmol/L; p<0.001) was observed for sclerostin. After adjusting for baseline fat mass, significant interactions were observed for leptin (p=0.040) and HMW adiponectin (p=0.003). Leptin concentrations decreased in females (∆-7.9±2.5ng/mL, p=0.004) but not males (p=0.689). HMW adiponectin increased in females (∆630.5±194.8ng/mL, p=0.007) but not males (p=0.213). A significant interaction was observed for insulin (p=0.004), which increased in females (∆9.7±2.1μIU/mL, p<0.001) but not males (p=0.426). A significant main effect of time was observed for glucose (∆1.8±0.3mg/dL; p<0.001). Sex-specific changes in biomarkers associated with metabolic and musculoskeletal regulation were evident following acute resistance exercise and may explain differences in health and adaptation.</p>","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147791813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gestational Diabetes Exposure in Utero is Associated with Increased Aortic Stiffness in Older Children.","authors":"Cleighton Robert Boehme, Rhonda C Bell, Martha Esparza Jimenez Moran, Victor Do, Elnaz Vaghef-Mehrabany, Carminda Goersch Lamboglia, Juliana Lasso-Mendez, Deborah Fruitman, Christy-Lynn Cooke, Catherine J Field, Sandra T Davidge, Micheal Giuffre, John C Spence, Lisa K Hornberger","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2025-0243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2025-0243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adults of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease. This cross-sectional case-control study examines the role of prenatal GDM exposure and its possible association with altered CV health in childhood. Children of mothers with GDM (C-GDM) and age- and sex-matched controls (C-Controls), recruited from the Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition birth cohort (mothers recruited 2009-2012), underwent echocardiographic and other CV assessments in 2022. Primary outcome measures included left ventricular mass, systemic blood pressure, carotid intima-media thickness, aortic and peripheral arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity), and endothelial function (reactive hyperemia). Lifestyle measures (e.g. 24-h diet recall, accelerometer-based physical activity) of mothers and children were also considered. We assessed 25 C-GDM (20 females; 17 diet-controlled, 8 insulin-treated) and 27 C-Controls (20 females without GDM) (mean age 10.9±0.7 years), with comparable birth and baseline characteristics. Aortic pulse wave velocity was higher in C-GDM versus C-Controls (6.2±2.6 versus 4.8±1.6 m/s, p=0.03), and higher in C-GDM whose mothers managed their diabetes with insulin versus diet (7.9±2.6 versus 5.5±2.2 m/s, p=0.03). No other outcomes differed statistically. Mothers with GDM, but not controls, had reduced intake of less healthy foods from second to third trimesters. Intrauterine exposure to GDM may contribute to increased aortic stiffness in childhood. This association may be worse for C-GDM whose mothers require insulin rather than diet alone for glycemic control of their pregnancy, and may occur despite dietary improvements in the third trimester. Given the small sample size, additional work is needed to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147791735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological sex differences in appetite regulation following an acute bout of sprint interval training.","authors":"Seth F McCarthy, Derek P D Bornath, Philip J Medeiros, Tom J Hazell","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2025-0507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2025-0507","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous studies exploring the impact of biological sex on exercise-induced appetite suppression are unclear as females have participated during the follicular phase when concentrations of hormones (estradiol and progesterone) are low. Therefore, this study investigated potential sex differences in exercise-induced appetite suppression following sprint interval training (SIT) in males and females tested in the mid-luteal phase (LP). Twelve males (24±3 y; 24.7±2.2 kg·m-2) and twelve females (22±3 y; 22.0±1.5 kg·m-2) completed one SIT session with females participating during their mid-LP. Acylated ghrelin, total peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY), active glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and overall appetite perceptions were measured pre-exercise, 0-min, 30-min, and 90-min post-exercise. Acylated ghrelin was greater in females compared to males (p=0.096, d=0.71) and was suppressed 0-min post-exercise compared to other time points (p<0.001, d>0.96). Total PYY was greater in females compared to males (p=0.005, d=0.71) and there were no differences in active GLP-1 between sexes or across time (p>0.19, f<0.15). Appetite perceptions were suppressed 0-min post-exercise (p<0.016, d>0.98) compared to other time points and increased throughout the session (p<0.006, d>1.03) and iAUC was greater in females compared to males (p=0.078, d=0.76). Taken together these data demonstrate similar changes in appetite-regulating hormones and appetite perceptions in response to an acute bout of SIT in males and females with the exception, of appetite iAUC which warrants further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147791639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are High-Intensity Interval Training and Low Load Resistance Training Two Sides of The Same Physiological Coin? A Randomized Control Trial.","authors":"Lucas Wiens, Matthew D Fliss, Max J Abercrombie, Cameron Smith, Rowan Barclay, Gleb Valiakhmetov, Allyson Schweitzer, Benjamin Beauchamp, Cameron J Mitchell","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2026-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2026-0003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Resistance and endurance training are typically associated with mode specific physiological and functional adaptations with minimal overlap. However, low load resistance training (LL) and interval training (IT) demand maximal effort, induce fatigue over similar durations, and are characterized by comparable peak and average forces. Therefore, a high potential for overlapping functional and physiological adaptations exists following IT and LL. Untrained healthy adults (age 19-30) were recruited (N=19). Participants' legs were randomly assigned to the LL (3 sets, 30% 1-RM completed to failure, 2-3 sessions/week) or IT (a combination of 7-10 1-minute intervals at 90% of Wmax and 4-5, 30-second maximal intervals, 2-3 sessions/week) condition over a 10-week period. An overall effect of time (p<0.05) was observed for 1-RM knee extension strength, isometric knee extension (90) strength, anaerobic peak power output, Wmax, vastus lateralis muscle thickness, type I and II capillary contacts and capillary density, and mitochondrial protein content. Local muscle endurance (LME, repetitions completed at 30% 1-RM) increased from baseline in both interventions but was greater in the LL condition relative to the IT condition (p=0.007). Vastus lateralis cross-sectional area (p=0.038) and anaerobic mean power (p=0.008) were greater in the IT intervention leg following training. Both LL and IT demand comparable mechanical force and effort and induce similar physiological and functional adaptations in untrained young adults. Although, mode-specific adaptations exist for performance tests that closely resemble training interventions. Study Registration - NCT05945641.</p>","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147792096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eating pleasure according to BMI and associations with diet quality and intuitive eating in adults from the Province of Québec, Canada.","authors":"Julia Lévy-Ndejuru, Alexandra Bédard, Catherine Bégin, Ariane Bélanger-Gravel, Sophie Desroches, Andréanne Michaud, Véronique Provencher, Simone Lemieux","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2025-0319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2025-0319","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eating pleasure represents a promising lever for improving diet quality and relationship with food. It is not known whether eating pleasure is experienced similarly in people from different BMI categories. This study compared eating pleasure profiles of participants with higher BMI (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) to participants with middle (25 ≤ BMI < 30 kg/m2) and lower BMI (BMI < 25 kg/m2). It also evaluated whether the associations of eating pleasure with diet quality and intuitive eating differed according to BMI. A non-probabilistic sample was recruited and participants (n=284; 50% women; 18 to 65 years; living in Québec province; self-identifying as having suboptimal eating habits) completed the Eating Pleasure Questionnaire (EPQ), assessing seven subscales of eating pleasure. They also completed the Intuitive Eating Scale-2 (IES-2) and two web-based 24h dietary recalls to calculate the Healthy Eating Food Index-2019 (HEFI-2019). Comparisons among BMI groups were performed using ANCOVA and post-hoc comparisons. Moderation analyses were performed through multiple regressions using the PROCESS macro v4.3. Higher BMI participants scored higher on the \"emotional/ situational eating and reward\" eating pleasure subscale compared to lower BMI participants (p=0.0193). Higher BMI participants scored lower on the \"new experiences\" subscale compared to middle and lower BMI participants (p=0.0034 and 0.0194, respectively). BMI did not moderate the associations between eating pleasure scores and diet quality or intuitive eating. Thus, higher BMI individuals exhibit distinct eating pleasure profiles compared to those with middle or lower BMI. These differences should be considered in future eating pleasure-based interventions targeting this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147791581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Red rooibos tea mitigates recognition memory deficits in female rats fed a low vitamin D and calcium diet.","authors":"Sarah Bellaflor, Ahmad Mohammad, Sara Madanat, Matthew K Goncharow, Rebekah S Feld, Dawson B Kays, Mitchell A Ianiero, Shawn Beaudette, Wendy E Ward, Rebecca E K MacPherson","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2025-0399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2025-0399","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Low vitamin D status is associated with cognitive decline, while polyphenols may support brain health. This study investigated whether 3 months of supplementation with red rooibos (RR) tea, as a source of polyphenols, could mitigate recognition memory deficits in female Sprague-Dawley rats fed a low vitamin D and calcium diet. Results showed that RR tea attenuated memory impairments induced by this diet (p = 0.0034), suggesting its potential as a strategy to support recognition memory under conditions of low vitamin D and calcium status.</p>","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147791829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diet quality and change in weight in young adults.","authors":"Kevin L'Esperance, Anita Koushik, Teodora Riglea, Marie-Pierre Sylvestre, Jennifer O'Loughlin","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2025-0527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2025-0527","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Young adulthood is a key period for establishing long-term health behaviours, yet it is often marked by poor diet, which may lead to weight gain. In 304 participants from the Nicotine Dependence in Teens (NDIT) cohort study, followed from a mean age of 24.0 (2010-12) to 30.6 (2017-18), higher baseline diet quality was associated with minimal weight change over follow-up in females and males. Among females only with overweight or obesity, modest weight reductions were suggested - estimates were uncertain, as reflected by wide confidence intervals. These findings suggest that higher diet quality may be associated with more favourable weight trajectories and highlight the need for larger, sex-specific studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147791622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}