Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme最新文献

{"title":"Frequency of food marketing in recreation and sport facilities differs by presence of food sponsorship agreements and food service contracts in Canada.","authors":"Rachel Prowse, Melanie Warken, Trudy Tran, Dana Lee Olstad, Sara Fl Kirk, Kim D Raine, Erin Hobin","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0517","DOIUrl":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0517","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We aimed to evaluate whether food marketing frequency in recreation and sport facilities (RSFs) in Canada differed by the presence of food sponsorship policies, food sponsorship agreements, and food service contracts. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 85 RSFs using an observational audit using the Food and Beverage Marketing Assessment Tool for Settings (FoodMATS) and a facility survey. All instances of food marketing in RSF were recorded in the FoodMATS and the presence of food sponsorship policies, food sponsorship agreements, and food service contracts from the last fiscal year were reported in the survey by facility managers/directors. Mann-Whitney U tests evaluated differences in food marketing frequency by presence of policies (yes/no), agreements (1+/0), and contracts (1+/0). Food marketing frequency did not differ between RSF with and without a food sponsorship policy (14.5 vs. 18.0, <i>p</i> = 0.37). Food marketing frequency was significantly greater in RSF with food sponsorship agreements (26.5 vs. 12.5, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and food service contracts (60.0 vs. 21.0, <i>p</i> < 0.001), compared to RSF without. Only 22.4% and 16.8% of food marketing instances were linked to current food sponsorship agreements and food service contracts, respectively. Sponsorship agreements and contracts may contribute to food marketing in RSF, but they do not explain all marketing instances. Future research should seek to clarify the origin of food marketing exposures, and the opportunities to use policy documents (e.g., facility policies, sponsorship agreements, and food service contracts) to improve healthy food environments, including food marketing in RSF.</p>","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144055362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Canadian Nutrition Society 2024 Scientific Abstracts: Canadian Society Annual Conference.","authors":"","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2025-0167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2025-0167","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":"50 ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144661272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dose-response relationship between leisure-time physical activity and metabolic syndrome in short sleep US adults: evidence from a nationwide investigation.","authors":"Yanwei You, Hao Ding, Meihua Tang, Weizhao Wang, Ning Yan, Leizi Min, Yuquan Chen, Xindong Ma","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0347","DOIUrl":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0347","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and short sleep are prevalent health concerns in the United States, yet the relationship between leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) and MetS among individuals with short sleep duration remains unclear. This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 8999 US adults aged 20 years and older in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Short sleep duration was defined as less than 7 h per night, and MetS was diagnosed based on criteria from the American Endocrine Society and the American Society of Clinical Endocrinology. Weighted regression analyses revealed a significant inverse association between LTPA and MetS, with higher LTPA levels linked to lower MetS (OR (95% CI): 0.990 (0.984, 0.997), <i>p</i> = 0.003). Participants who achieved the World Health Organization's recommended LTPA levels had a substantially lower MetS compared to those with no LTPA (OR (95% CI): 0.624 (0.527, 0.738), <i>p</i> = 0.001). Stratified analyses showed that this protective effect varied across demographic subgroups, and a threshold effect was observed at 2000 MET-min/week, beyond which further LTPA did not significantly enhance protection against MetS. These findings highlight the importance of regular LTPA that is negatively associated with MetS among individuals with inadequate sleep, emphasizing the need for targeted health promotion efforts in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143495020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal associations between mothers' and fathers' food skills and their children's cooking skills.","authors":"Sandhya Sahye-Pudaruth, David W L Ma, Alison M Duncan, Michael Prashad, Amar Laila, Jess Haines","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2024-0519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Novelty: </strong>The findings from this study indicate that despite parents having high overall food skills, neither mothers' nor fathers' food skills were significantly associated with their children's cooking skills.</p>","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":"50 ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144055492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining changes in the sodium content of Canadian prepackaged foods: 2013 to 2017.","authors":"Anthea Christoforou, Jodi Bernstein, Kacie Dickinson, Yahan Yang, JoAnne Arcand, Mary L'Abbe","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2023-0174","DOIUrl":"10.1139/apnm-2023-0174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In an effort to improve high sodium consumption in the population, in 2012 Health Canada released voluntary sodium reduction targets for prepackaged foods to be met before 2017. This study used the University of Toronto's Food Label Information Program database (FLIP), 2013 and 2017 collections, to evaluate changes and differences in mean sodium content of Canadian prepackaged foods and manufacturers' progress in meeting Health Canada's average and maximum sodium reduction targets. Changes to sodium content (reformulation) in products present in both FLIP years and differences across years including both new and existing products were assessed via paired and independent t-tests, respectively. The average sodium content from FLIP 2017 was also compared to previously published sales-weighted average sodium content published by Health Canada to aid in the interpretation of our results. Our reformulation analyses of consistent products between years revealed that 50% of food subcategories did not have significant changes in mean sodium from 2013 to 2017. Examining both new and existing foods, 59% of subcategories had no significant difference in mean sodium content between 2013 and 2017. The proportion of foods meeting final sodium targets was 33.6% in 2013 and 37.3% in 2017. In 2013 and 2017, 20.8% and 19.6% of products exceeded the maximum sodium targets, respectively. For almost all major food categories, a greater proportion of new products in 2017 met final sodium targets compared to existing foods (present in both FLIP 2013 and 2017). Nearly, half the major food categories examined had more new products meeting the maximum sodium target than existing products. Less than half of food subcategories (48%, <i>n</i> = 45/94) from FLIP 2017 differed by ≥20% compared to sales-weighted averages published by Health Canada. Our findings reveal limited progress in the reduction of sodium in prepackaged foods. Calls for more robust policy initiatives and the continued independent monitoring of food industry efforts in Canada are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a paternal diet high in animal protein (casein) versus plant protein (pea protein with added methionine) on offspring metabolic and gut microbiota outcomes in rats.","authors":"Riley A Patterson, Nicole A Cho, Tyra S Fernandes, Erin W Noye Tuplin, Dana E Lowry, Gabriel A Venegas Silva, Raylene A Reimer","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0294","DOIUrl":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0294","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Evidence suggests that paternal diet can influence offspring metabolic health intergenerationally but whether dietary animal and plant proteins differ in their impact on fathers and their offspring is not known. Our objective was to examine the effects of a paternal diet high in casein versus pea protein on fathers and their offspring. Five-week-old male rats were fed: (1) control, (2) high animal protein (AP, 36.1% of energy as casein), or (3) high plant protein (PP, 36.1% of energy as pea protein with added methionine) diets for 8-11 weeks before being mated. Offspring were challenged with a high fat/sucrose diet (HFD) from 10 to 16 weeks of age. Metabolic and microbial outcomes were assessed in both generations. In fathers fed PP diet, enhanced insulin sensitivity and lower liver triglycerides were seen alongside altered hepatic microRNA expression and gut microbial profiles. Few changes were seen in their offspring. In contrast, the paternal AP diet influenced adult offspring hepatic microRNA expression and programmed a latent increase in adiposity, dysregulated satiety hormones, and modified gut microbial composition in their adult offspring that occurred following the HFD. Overall, a diet high in pea protein with added methionine demonstrated protective effects on biomarkers of metabolic health in the fathers but led to minimal effects on the offspring while a paternal diet high in casein led to evidence of an increase in characteristics of metabolic dysfunction in their adult offspring when unmasked by exposure to a HFD for 6 weeks.</p>","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142848610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of sex and contraction intensity on fatigability and muscle oxygenation in trained individuals.","authors":"Minyoung Kwak, Pasquale J Succi, Brian Benitez, Clara J Mitchinson, Haley C Bergstrom","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0181","DOIUrl":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fatigability varies depending on sex and contraction intensity during sustained exercise. This study examined the responses of time to task failure (TTF), performance fatigability (PF), and muscle oxygenation (SmO₂) in males and females during isometric handgrip holds to failure (HTF) at 30% and 60% maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC). Males (<i>n</i> = 12) and females (<i>n</i> = 12) performed a pre-MVIC, handgrip HTF at randomly ordered percentages of MVIC (either 30% or 60%), followed by a post-MVIC on the dominant arm. During the HTF testing, the TTF and SmO₂ responses were recorded, and PF was determined from the pre- to post-MVICs. TTF for 30% MVIC HTF was greater than 60% MVIC HTF (<i>p</i> < 0.001), but was not different between males and females (<i>p</i> = 0.117). PF exhibited an inverse relationship with intensity for each sex, while males demonstrated greater PF than females for both 30% and 60% MVIC HTF. For the 60% MVIC HTF, males demonstrated greater desaturation than females (CI_95% = [-28.1, -2.6%], <i>p</i> = 0.021, <i>d</i> = 0.621), but not for the 30% MVIC HTF (CI_95% = [-12.2, 7.9%], <i>p</i> = 0.315, <i>d</i> = 0.621). Sex differences in PF and SmO₂ may be attributed to the differences in muscle mass, absolute strength, contractile properties, and muscle metabolism between males and females. However, these proposed differences between males and females may not fully inform exercise performance (e.g., TTF). Sex-specific fatigue responses may be affected by complex physio-psychological mechanisms, and therefore, additional investigations under diverse exercise conditions are required to better prescribe exercise for both males and females.</p>","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142303212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A compositional analysis of time spent in physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep with quality of life in Canadian older adults aged 65 years and above: findings from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.","authors":"Shawn Hakimi, Luc J Martin, Mark W Rosenberg","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2023-0516","DOIUrl":"10.1139/apnm-2023-0516","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Associations between daily time spent in physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour (SB), and sleep (collectively referred to as \"movement behaviour\") and quality of life (QOL) are typically studied without considering they are compositional, co-dependant variables. Study objectives were to use compositional data analysis to: (1) examine the relationship between movement behaviour composition and QOL, (2) estimate the degree to which changing time spent in any movement behaviour within the movement behaviour composition is associated with QOL. 7918 older Canadian adults ≥65 years of age from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging were studied using a quasi-longitudinal study design. Daily time spent in PA and SB were derived from self-reported Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly responses. Nighttime sleep was self-reported separately. QOL was assessed through the Satisfaction with Life Scale. Movement behaviour composition was significantly associated with QOL. Relative time spent in SB was negatively associated with QOL (HR = 0.89 (95% CI: 0.86-0.93)). Relative time spent in sleep was positively associated with QOL (HR = 1.10 (95% CI: 1.05-1.16)). Time displacement estimates revealed that greatest change in QOL occurred when time spent in PA was decreased and replaced with SB (HR = 0.96 (95% CI: 0.92-0.99) for 45 min/day displacement). Using compositional data analysis is advantageous because it shows how reduction in SB and increase in PA and sleep can lead to improvements in QOL for older Canadian adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":" ","pages":"1-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142334223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Baseline nutrition risk as measured by SCREEN-8 predicts self-reported 12-month healthcare service use of older adults 3 years later.","authors":"Heather H Keller, Vanessa Trinca","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0288","DOIUrl":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0288","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated whether nutrition risk, as measured by SCREEN-8 at baseline, was associated with self-reported healthcare service use in the past 12 months among community-dwelling older adults who were interviewed 3 years later. Data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging were used. SCREEN-8 assessed nutrition risk among community-dwelling persons ages 55+. Multivariable logistic regression determined if baseline SCREEN-8 score was associated with the following healthcare services reported to occur in the 12 months preceding the 3-year follow-up period: (i) overnight hospital admission (<i>n</i> = 13 623), (ii) emergency room visit (<i>n</i> = 13 614), (iii) contacting a family doctor (<i>n</i> = 13 616), (iv) visiting dental professional (<i>n</i> = 13 288), and (v) visiting a doctor due to an infection (<i>n</i> = 13 171) after adjusting for demographic and health variables. Those with higher SCREEN-8 scores (lower nutrition risk) had significantly lower odds of reporting: (i) an overnight hospital admission (χ² (27, 13 587) = 10.59,  <i>p</i> < 0.001); (ii) visiting a hospital emergency room (χ² (27, 13 578) = 9.64, <i>p</i> < 0.001); and (iii) visiting a doctor due to an infection (χ² (27, 13 135) = 10.32, <i>p</i> < 0.001) at 3-year follow-up. Less nutrition risk was significantly associated with higher odds of reporting visiting a dental professional (χ² (27, 13 252) = 17.88, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Baseline nutrition risk was not significantly associated with visiting a family doctor at the 3-year follow-up. SCREEN-8 predicted future self-reported 12-month healthcare service use among older adults in expected directions.</p>","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142916483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of the cardiac cycle in Royal Canadian Mounted Police cadets.","authors":"Jyotpal Singh, R Nicholas Carleton, Gregory P Kratzig, J Patrick Neary","doi":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0340","DOIUrl":"10.1139/apnm-2024-0340","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) cadets experience high volumes of potentially psychologically traumatic events, suggesting a need of normal cardiac cycle interval data on the cadets for comparison. We characterize the cardiac cycle of incoming RCMP cadets starting the 26-week training program. The cadets collected their cardiac data using the LLA Recordis™ device. Male RCMP cadets had higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) myocardial and diastolic performance indices, aortic valve open to aortic twist time, and isovolumic relaxation time than female RCMP cadets. Monitoring the cardiac cycle intervals in RCMP cadets can provide insights into changes in their heart function from their occupational demands.</p>","PeriodicalId":93878,"journal":{"name":"Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142549499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}