Annales d'endocrinologie最新文献

{"title":"Cardiovascular and thromboembolic risks of sex hormone therapy: from contraception to transgender care.","authors":"Fabrice Bonnet, Patricia Vaduva, Arnaud Dosda","doi":"10.1016/j.ando.2026.103115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ando.2026.103115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The risk of venous thromboembolism is increased with combined oral contraceptives, rises with the dose of ethinylestradiol, and is higher with desogestrel, gestodene, drospirenone or cyproterone acetate than with levonorgestrel; the determinant is not the generation of the pill but the residual androgen-receptor activity of the progestin, which modulates the hepatic effect of the estrogen. Age over 35 years, obesity, smoking and a family history of thrombosis amplify it. Pills based on a native estrogen have a more limited hepatic impact and rank below most ethinylestradiol combinations in contemporary cohorts, but their clinical safety is not demonstrated and no comparative outcome data exist for estetrol/drospirenone. Androgenicity is not a general marker of venous safety: injectable depot medroxyprogesterone acetate, given alone at supraphysiological doses, carries an increased risk. Myocardial infarction and stroke are also more frequent, but against a very low background - about 21 additional strokes and 10 additional infarctions per 100,000 person-years, four times fewer than the venous excess - and, unlike venous events, independent of progestin type. Menopause hormone therapy increases venous thromboembolic risk, especially in the first year; the route of administration is the main determinant, transdermal estradiol with micronized progesterone appearing safest. In cisgender men, testosterone deficiency carries increased cardiovascular risk, and randomized and real-world data support the safety of transdermal replacement, although more pulmonary embolism and atrial fibrillation have been observed. In trans women, observational data show an increased risk of stroke and venous thromboembolism, particularly with oral estradiol and cyproterone acetate, whereas recent large-scale data show no excess of major cardiovascular events with testosterone in trans men. The practical consequences are specific: no combined pill is acceptable after a venous thromboembolic event, with a thrombogenic mutation or with migraine with aura, native-estrogen pills included; transdermal estradiol should be preferred for menopause and feminising hormone therapy; and haematocrit should guide the dose and route of testosterone.</p>","PeriodicalId":93871,"journal":{"name":"Annales d'endocrinologie","volume":" ","pages":"103115"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149247975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Administration of metyrapone via nasogastric tube in a critically ill patient: A case report.","authors":"Lucia Bedatsova, Marine Mondon, Emmanuele Guignard, Nawfel Ben-Hamouda, Georgios E Papadakis","doi":"10.1016/j.ando.2026.103096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ando.2026.103096","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93871,"journal":{"name":"Annales d'endocrinologie","volume":" ","pages":"103096"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149026837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virtual museum studies and medical semiology: a pilot study of training in iconodiagnosis at the Paris Faculty of Pharmacy.","authors":"Bertrand Lefrère, Farah Berrich, Zachary Beauvarlet, Alice Boyer, Jean-Louis Beaudeux, Didier Borderie, Stéphane Carraz, Florence Campeotto","doi":"10.1016/j.ando.2026.103095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ando.2026.103095","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93871,"journal":{"name":"Annales d'endocrinologie","volume":" ","pages":"103095"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148993122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thyroid metastases: a 45-year population-based descriptive study (1979-2024).","authors":"Adeline Theresette-Guilbert, Camil M'gabar, Pierre Martin, Mohamad Zalzali","doi":"10.1016/j.ando.2026.103094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ando.2026.103094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Metastases to the thyroid are rare but clinically important, as they may mimic primary thyroid malignancy and can be the first sign of recurrence of a prior solid tumor.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective descriptive population-based study using a thyroid cancer registry in northeastern France. All patients diagnosed with thyroid metastasis between 1975 and 2024 were identified; medical records and pathology reports were reviewed to confirm secondary origin and to collect demographic, clinical, pathological and treatment data. Thyroid metastases diagnosed within 6 months of the primary cancer were classified as synchronous; all others were considered metachronous. Overall survival was estimated from the dates of primary cancer diagnosis and of thyroid metastasis diagnosis using Kaplan-Meier methods and compared by primary tumor site using the log-rank test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 3,647 thyroid tumors recorded between 1975 and 2024, 37 potential secondary thyroid tumors were identified; after medical record review, 8 cases were excluded (insufficient clinical data or uncertain histological origin), leaving 29 confirmed thyroid metastases. Mean age at thyroid metastasis diagnosis was 61.7 years (median 65; range 38-84), with slight male predominance (55.2%; sex ratio 1.23). Primary sites were kidney (24.1%), head and neck (20.7%), lung (17.2%) and lower gastrointestinal (13.8%). Metastases were metachronous in nearly half of the cases (48.3%). Thyroid surgery was performed in 62.1% of cases. Median survival was 5 years after initial diagnosis and 30 months after the diagnosis of thyroid metastasis. Renal cancers showed more favorable outcomes (120 vs 17 months' survival; log-rank, p=0.0037).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this population-based series spanning 50 years, thyroid metastases were a rare but not exceptional clinical situation. They should be considered in the evaluation of thyroid nodules in patients with history of solid cancer. Renal primaries are associated with more favorable survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":93871,"journal":{"name":"Annales d'endocrinologie","volume":" ","pages":"103094"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148993095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of growth hormone deficiency with long-acting growth hormones in children, adolescents and adults: Clinical evidence and practical considerations.","authors":"Agnès Linglart, Régis Coutant, Véronique Kerlan, Marc Nicolino, Michel Polak, Gérald Raverot, Patrice Rodien, Thierry Brue","doi":"10.1016/j.ando.2026.103093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ando.2026.103093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) is a rare endocrine disorder affecting both children and adults that may occur in isolation or as part of multihormonal hypopituitarism. Recombinant human growth hormone (GH) administered as daily injections has long been the standard of care and improves growth, body composition and quality of life. However, daily administration is associated with a substantial treatment burden and adherence is frequently suboptimal, particularly in children and adolescents. Long-acting growth hormone (LAGH) formulations have been developed to reduce injection frequency and potentially support long-term adherence. Three once-weekly LAGH products are currently available in the EU: lonapegsomatropin, somatrogon and somapacitan. Clinical trials have demonstrated non-inferiority of LAGHs compared with daily GH in children in terms of annualised height velocity. Safety profiles were consistent with those of daily GH. This review summarises the clinical evidence for LAGH formulations, including patient preference and the impact on metabolism, bone health and muscle strength. With a focus on somapacitan, currently the only LAGH approved in France for both children and adults, the review discusses practical aspects of dosing and monitoring across age groups and addresses use in special populations and during the transition period from paediatric to adult care. Ongoing follow-up and real-world studies will further clarify long-term safety, adherence and metabolic outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":93871,"journal":{"name":"Annales d'endocrinologie","volume":" ","pages":"103093"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148946152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"All you need to know about testosterone results: caution and feedback from laboratories.","authors":"Nathalie Reix, François Fraissinet, Safouane Hamdi, Jean Guibourdenche, David Guénet, Manuela Lotierzo, Valérie Moal, Véronique Raverot, Julie Brossaud","doi":"10.1016/j.ando.2026.103075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ando.2026.103075","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article, presenting three clinical cases, discusses the analytical issues of testosterone measurement in blood (immunoassay and liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry). It also describes the different circulating testosterone fractions (total, free and bioavailable) and how to measure or calculate them. Beyond these analytical aspects, the article addresses the challenges encountered in establishing reference ranges and the specific difficulties related to different patient populations: men, women and children. Finally, in light of the evidence outlined in the article, we review the three cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":93871,"journal":{"name":"Annales d'endocrinologie","volume":" ","pages":"103075"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148889719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adrenal incidentaloma revealing unrecognized 21-hydroxylase deficiency: From non-classical to late-onset classical forms.","authors":"Sidonie Marguerettaz, Mathilde Barrallier, Agathe Guenego, Robin Pflaum, Rita Menassa, Delphine Mallet, Jordan Teoli, Charles Lefevre, Marie-Anne Maubert, Isabelle Abeille, Patricia Vaduva","doi":"10.1016/j.ando.2026.103059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ando.2026.103059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disorder. While salt-wasting forms are detected early, simple virilizing forms may remain occult until adulthood. We report two atypical cases of 21-hydroxylase deficiency revealed by adrenal incidentaloma (AI). Case 1, a 71-year-old male, presented a hypermetabolic left adrenal mass on 18FDG-PET/CT. Case 2, a 53-year-old male, showed bilateral AI on renal colic evaluation. Both patients showed significantly elevated basal 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) and were confirmed as compound heterozygotes for CYP21A2 pathogenic variants. These cases highlight how chronic ACTH elevation in unrecognized CAH can promote adrenal nodulogenesis. Systematic 17-OHP screening in bilateral AI and hypermetabolic adrenal nodules, combined with genetic analysis, is essential for identifying late-onset classical 21-hydroxylase deficiency and preventing associated cardiometabolic and skeletal complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":93871,"journal":{"name":"Annales d'endocrinologie","volume":" ","pages":"103059"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148803008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to the letter to the editor \"Non-invasive markers refine suspicion but do not by themselves establish etiology in ACTH-dependent Cushing syndrome\".","authors":"Carmen Gándara Gutiérrez, Marta Araujo-Castro","doi":"10.1016/j.ando.2026.103060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ando.2026.103060","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93871,"journal":{"name":"Annales d'endocrinologie","volume":" ","pages":"103060"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148803022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stroke risk in diabetic patients with concomitant cardiovascular disease the CARDIAB-Stroke study.","authors":"Ziad Arow, Tzipi Hornik-Lurie, Ranin Hilu, Ela Giladi, Mustafa Gabarin, Yoav Arnson, Joseph Levy, Hana Vaknin-Assa, Abid Assali, David Pereg","doi":"10.1016/j.ando.2026.103058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ando.2026.103058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) are at high risk of stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA), yet many remain undertreated with cardioprotective therapies. We assessed stroke risk, its predictors, and the impact of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2-I) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The nationwide CARdiovascular and DIABetes (CARDIAB) cohort included patients with T2DM and ASCVD. Stroke predictors and associations between SGLT2-I andGLP-1RA use and outcomes were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 138,397 patients (60% male; median age 72 years) were followed for a median of 5.5 years. Overall, 28,676 patients (20.7%) experienced stroke or TIA. Higher risk was associated with smoking, prior stroke or TIA, chronic kidney disease, older age, male sex, and Arab ethnicity. Follow-up in cardiology or endocrinology clinics and treatment with aspirin, statins, SGLT2-I, and GLP-1RA were protective. Patients treated with both SGLT2-I and GLP-1RA had the lowest event rates (361 per 10,000 patient-years), corresponding to a 22% relative risk reduction (HR 0.78; 95% CI, 0.75-0.81).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with T2DM and ASCVD face a markedly elevated stroke risk. SGLT2-I and GLP-1RA use was associated with significant risk reduction, particularly when combined. Greater uptake of these therapies and comprehensive risk factor management are needed to mitigate stroke burden in this high-risk group.</p>","PeriodicalId":93871,"journal":{"name":"Annales d'endocrinologie","volume":" ","pages":"103058"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148803005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decision-making in primary hyperparathyroidism in older patients: Surgical or conservative management?","authors":"Nathanaël Bassas Letissier, Evelyne Liuu, Gianluca Donatini, Aurélie Miot, Sophie Deshayes, Marc Paccalin, Helena Mosbah","doi":"10.1016/j.ando.2026.102602","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ando.2026.102602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is a frequent endocrine disorder, with prevalence increasing with age, affecting approximately 1.5% of adults aged over 65. While management is well codified before the age of 50, with surgery being preferred, recommendations for older individuals are less clear. In this population, however, surgery is still the only curative option, and several studies demonstrated improvement in cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms, following parathyroidectomy. However, this indication must be weighed against the patient's co-morbidities, frailty and wishes. Drug-based alternatives are a valid option for patients unable or unwilling to undergo surgery. The fundamental question, however, is to evaluate the suitability of one treatment over another, depending on the patient's phenotype. A transdisciplinary approach involving endocrinologists, endocrine surgeons and geriatricians can ensure personalized care. A robust older patient may benefit from surgery, just like a younger patient, whereas a frail patient would benefit more from conservative management. In what are known as \"pre-frail\" patients, comprehensive geriatric assessment can optimize of the patient's general condition prior to surgery, and help anticipate postoperative complications. The present article firstly describes the clinical and biological specificities of PHPT in older adults, secondly compares the therapeutic strategies available, and thirdly identifies geriatric markers to guide the therapeutic decision.</p>","PeriodicalId":93871,"journal":{"name":"Annales d'endocrinologie","volume":" ","pages":"102602"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148564070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}