EcoMatPub Date : 2025-12-10DOI: 10.1002/eom2.70042
Joon Ha Moon, Deukhyeon Nam, Youngho Jin, Chan Woong Na, Duckjong Kim, Jung-Jae Lee, Yoon Myung, Jaewon Choi
{"title":"High-Temperature Stable and Long-Life FeS@Hollow Carbon Composite as Anode Material for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries","authors":"Joon Ha Moon, Deukhyeon Nam, Youngho Jin, Chan Woong Na, Duckjong Kim, Jung-Jae Lee, Yoon Myung, Jaewon Choi","doi":"10.1002/eom2.70042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eom2.70042","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are a promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries due to their cost-effectiveness and abundant sodium resources. However, their electrochemical performance is limited by the larger ionic radius and severe volume expansion of Na<sup>+</sup> ions. In this study, hollow yolk-shell structured iron sulfide (FeS) was encapsulated in graphitized carbon (H-C@FeS) to address these challenges. The material was synthesized using a solvothermal technique, followed by SiO<sub>2</sub> templating, carbon coating, and thermal treatment. The hollow structure buffered volume changes, while the carbon shell enhanced conductivity and structural stability. H-C@FeS exhibited excellent electrochemical performance, delivering 450 and 350 mAhg<sup>−1</sup> at 1.0 and 5.0 Ag<sup>−1</sup>, respectively, with high-capacity retention. Moreover, the electrode maintained stable capacities of 600 mAhg<sup>−1</sup> at 60°C, indicating superior high-temperature stability. Electrochemical analyses, including CV, GITT, and in situ EIS with DRT interpretation, confirmed enhanced Na<sup>+</sup> diffusion kinetics. The results suggest H-C@FeS as a promising high-performance and thermally stable anode for next-generation SIBs.</p><p>\u0000 \u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":93174,"journal":{"name":"EcoMat","volume":"7 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eom2.70042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145739635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EcoMatPub Date : 2025-11-21DOI: 10.1002/eom2.70041
Shumin Lin, Zewen Lin, Jialiang Li, Zhouqishuo Cai, Bo Peng, Shuang Luo, Yinping Zeng, Dan Zhong, Xiaolan Hu, Hua Bai
{"title":"All-Wood-Based Structural Supercapacitors","authors":"Shumin Lin, Zewen Lin, Jialiang Li, Zhouqishuo Cai, Bo Peng, Shuang Luo, Yinping Zeng, Dan Zhong, Xiaolan Hu, Hua Bai","doi":"10.1002/eom2.70041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eom2.70041","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Natural wood is an excellent lightweight and renewable structural material, and recent studies have also demonstrated its potential as an electrode matrix for energy storage owing to its inherently porous structure. However, most existing wood-based electrochemical storage devices overlook the load-bearing capability of wood. In this work, we construct an all-wood-based structural supercapacitor, realizing the synergistic integration of wood as both a structural material and an energy storage device. The device is fabricated using delignified wood as a three-dimensional scaffold, with its pore walls uniformly coated with carbon nanotubes and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), thereby imparting both energy storage capability and electronic conductivity. Combined with a high-strength bicontinuous phase electrolyte, the result is an integrated structural supercapacitor with both excellent mechanical load-bearing performance and efficient energy storage capability. Benefiting from the intrinsic mechanical robustness of wood and the strength of the electrolyte, the supercapacitor demonstrates outstanding mechanical properties, including a bending modulus of up to 467.1 MPa and a bending strength of 14.1 MPa. Meanwhile, the well-preserved porous architecture of the wood matrix and uniform distribution of electroactive materials impart high electrochemical performance, achieving an areal specific capacitance of 112.0 mF cm<sup>−2</sup>, a maximum energy density of 0.011 mWh cm<sup>−2</sup>, and a maximum power density of 0.029 mW cm<sup>−2</sup>. This all-wood-based supercapacitor not only broadens the application scope of wood but also provides a new strategy for structural-functional integration, enhanced energy storage efficiency, and sustainable material utilization.</p><p>\u0000 \u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":93174,"journal":{"name":"EcoMat","volume":"7 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eom2.70041","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145581234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cicada-Wing Inspired Cellulose Paper Sensor for Sustainable Wearable and Smart Home Applications","authors":"Zihao Wang, Shanshan Liu, Xingxiang Ji, Dehai Yu, Qiang Wang, Pedram Fatehi","doi":"10.1002/eom2.70039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eom2.70039","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Flexible, eco-friendly, wearable pressure sensors are crucial for human monitoring and smart home applications. Cellulose paper, a sustainable and flexible material, is promising for these applications but faces challenges, that is low sensitivity and poor durability. Inspired by cicada wings, the thin, yet resilient, papersheet was produced through commercially refining and wet-end upgrading (i.e., treating with alkyl ketene dimer and polyamide epoxy chloropropane), and the nano- and micro-scale of fibrillated cellulose fibers formed multi-level hierarchy branches, which significantly increased the paper's physical strength (tensile index of 84.2 kN·m/kg) and resilient properties (folding endurance over 1000 times). Taking advantage of the high strength paper, a sandwich structure of dual-layer paper sensor was assembled, that is the inner two pieces of ultra-thin insulation layer (5 g/m<sup>2</sup>), and the outer two sensing paper layers (30 g/m<sup>2</sup>) coated with Carboxylated Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT-COOH) as a conductive network. The resulting paper-based sensor exhibited excellent performance, such as ultra-wide detection range (0–4.13 MPa), ultra-high sensitivity (1.513 × 10<sup>5</sup> kPa<sup>−1</sup> in the 0–16.5 kPa range), low detection limit (~8.1 Pa), rapid response/recovery times (44/21 ms), and excellent cyclic stability (over 12 000 cycles). It was successfully used to monitor pulse, respiration, voice, and joint motion, and could also be integrated into furniture such as floors, cushions, and mattresses for smart home and elderly care health monitoring. The humidity resistance (98% RH) and high-temperature tolerance (up to 80°C) further expand its application potential. In short, a reliable, cost-effective, and eco-friendly paper-based sensor was developed for wearable and smart home applications.</p><p>\u0000 \u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":93174,"journal":{"name":"EcoMat","volume":"7 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eom2.70039","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145537971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Contamination-Resilient, High-Output Triboelectric Nanogenerator With Fully-Recycled, Multi-Material Crumpled Balls","authors":"Minju Jee, Kyunghwan Cha, Seh-Hoon Chung, Hyungseok Yong, Youngho Jin, Jinkee Hong, Sangmin Lee","doi":"10.1002/eom2.70040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eom2.70040","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With rapid industrialization, municipal solid waste (MSW) production has increased, necessitating effective recycling solutions. However, material sorting and chemical post-treatment processes reduce user convenience and contribute to environmental pollution. To solve this problem, this study introduces a fully recycled, multi-material crumpled-ball triboelectric nanogenerator (FRMC-TENG). This device is composed entirely of recycled materials by applying a unique and effective crumpled ball design. Among fully recycled material-based TENGs, the FRMC-TENG showed excellent electrical performance by adopting an electrostatic discharge generation mechanism and exhibited a high peak current output of 1.76 A. Output performance was improved by using a multi-ball mixing structure, and the optimal structure was determined through various experiments. The effect of kitchen contaminants on the device was assessed. Even after exposure to contaminants, its electrical performance quickly recovered with a simple wipe. The FRMC-TENG can be fabricated in less than 1 min using recycled materials, lit up 1000 LEDs, and maintained the performance for over 30 min of hand operation. Its contamination resistance and diverse applicability suggest an effective and novel strategy for waste-to-energy.</p><p>\u0000 \u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":93174,"journal":{"name":"EcoMat","volume":"7 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eom2.70040","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145537972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EcoMatPub Date : 2025-11-08DOI: 10.1002/eom2.70038
Shoaib Anwer, Dalaver Hussain Anjum, Anas Alazzam, Eiyad Abu-Nada
{"title":"Photon-Trapping Cu2S Architectures for Next-Generation Solar Thermal Conversion","authors":"Shoaib Anwer, Dalaver Hussain Anjum, Anas Alazzam, Eiyad Abu-Nada","doi":"10.1002/eom2.70038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eom2.70038","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Solar energy harvesting using photothermal nanofluids (NFs) depends greatly on how well light interacts with the suspended particles and how stable those particles remain in the base fluid. This work presents a geometrically engineered hierarchical design of hollow-core copper sulfide (H-Cu<sub>2</sub>S) nanostructures (NSs) dispersed in ethylene glycol (EG) to enhance photothermal performance. The tailored shell morphology with hollow-core facilitates multiple light scattering and extended photon trapping, significantly enhancing solar absorption, particularly in the near-infrared region. This morphology-driven approach addresses limitations of conventional polymer or surfactant coatings, which, while improving colloidal stability, often compromise light accessibility and thermal conversion efficiency. The synthesized H-Cu<sub>2</sub>S/EG NF demonstrated exceptional colloidal stability, negligible sedimentation, low viscosity enhancement, and robust thermal cycling, even at ultra-low loading of 0.01 wt%. Compared to 2D Cu<sub>2</sub>S counterparts, this enhanced photon trapping, combined with the material's intrinsic semiconductor properties, yields an exceptional photothermal conversion efficiency of 86.8%, representing a 64.72% increase over EG as the base fluid. These features are achieved without the need for surface modification, benefiting from the intrinsically low density and optimized geometry of the NS. The resulting NFs exhibit significantly enhanced solar absorption and efficient light-to-heat conversion, establishing H-Cu<sub>2</sub>S/EG NFs as promising candidates for next-generation solar thermal technologies.</p><p>\u0000 \u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":93174,"journal":{"name":"EcoMat","volume":"7 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eom2.70038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145470183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"COF@MXene Composites: A Paradigm Shift in Advanced Materials for Multifunctional Applications in Energy, Environmental Protection, and Catalysis","authors":"Abbas Ali, Badshah Ullah, Ruimin Cai, Mengchi Li, Fang Gao, Yijian Liu, Qian Lei, Peng Li, Yumin Xia, Liang Tian","doi":"10.1002/eom2.70036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eom2.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<p>COF@MXene composites are an emerging class of hybrid materials that integrate excellent electrical conductivity and chemical activity of MXenes with the structural tunability and porosity of covalent organic frameworks (COFs). This review outlines their synthesis strategies, structural features, and diverse applications in energy storage, environmental remediation, catalysis, and water treatment. The synergistic integration of COF@MXene enhances ion transport, active site exposure, and stability, enabling improved performance in lithium-sulfur batteries, supercapacitors, hydrogen production, and pollutant removal. These hybrids also offer promising design flexibility for tailored applications. Key challenges related to fabrication, scalability, and interface control are discussed, along with potential pathways for industrial adoption. COF@MXene composites represent a significant step forward in developing multifunctional materials for next-generation sustainable technologies.</p><p>\u0000 \u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":93174,"journal":{"name":"EcoMat","volume":"7 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eom2.70036","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145469499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ultra-Broad Range and High Sensitivity Flexible Pressure Sensing Enabled by Hierarchical Microstructure With Multi-Path Conduction Mechanisms","authors":"Xingfa Gao, Rixuan Wang, Yuzhen Huang, Yujing Sheng, Yixiang Song, Yinglun Sun","doi":"10.1002/eom2.70037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eom2.70037","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Flexible pressure sensors hold transformative potential in personalized healthcare and motion-aware electronics. However, constrained by a single conduction mechanism, current sensors still face significant challenges in simultaneously achieving high sensitivity, wide range, and robust stability. Herein, a gradient doping hierarchical microstructure flexible piezoresistive sensor with multi-path conduction mechanisms is developed. The synergistic combination of micro-engineered surfaces and spatially graded doping enables significant resistance variation at low pressures, yielding a high sensitivity of 101.1 kPa<sup>−1</sup>. Multi-path conduction mechanisms (including surface resistance, interlayer electrode resistance, interlayer contact resistance, interlayer tunneling resistance, and bulk resistance) enable tunable resistivity under high loads, extending the sensing range from 0.32 Pa to 3.6 MPa (a span of seven orders of magnitude). Moreover, the integrated full-carbon nanotubes/polydimethylsiloxane design shows high stability, durability (over 5000 cycles), and fast response/recovery time (10/58 ms). As a proof of concept, the sensor's application for broad-range biomechanical monitoring has been validated, spanning from subtle pulse waveform detection to high-intensity plantar pressure monitoring. This work advances next-generation wearables for simultaneous high-fidelity physiological tracking and extreme-force kinematic analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":93174,"journal":{"name":"EcoMat","volume":"7 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eom2.70037","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145426272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Accelerated Data-Driven Discovery of Dual-Functional Ionic Liquid Passivation for FAPbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells Using Graph Neural Network","authors":"Jiazheng Wang, Qiang Lou, Qingqing Zhang, Haibiao Chen, Zhengjie Xu, Hongye Liu, Hao Zhang, Xinxin Xu, Guibo Luo, Yen-Hung Lin, Gehan Amaratunga, Hang Zhou","doi":"10.1002/eom2.70033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eom2.70033","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Achieving efficient and stable formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI<sub>3</sub>) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) requires integrated control of crystallization kinetics and defect suppression. While ionic liquids (IL) have shown promise as multifunctional additives, their rational design remains challenging. Here, we develop an attention-focus graph neural network (GNN) framework that combines the molecular features of IL with device-level characteristics of FAPbI<sub>3</sub> PSCs. Our model identifies N-methyl-N-butylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([MBPY][TFSI]) as an ideal dual-functional passivator. The [MBPY]<sup>+</sup>, acting as a Lewis base, passivates undercoordinated Pb<sup>2+</sup> via Pb-N coordination bonds, whereas the [TFSI]<sup>−</sup> anion mitigates interfacial defects via hydrogen bonding with FA<sup>+</sup>. It is found that the [MBPY]<sup>+</sup> cation not only suppresses non-radiative recombination but also enhances the moisture resistance of the perovskite layer due to its hydrophobic alkyl chains. With the synergetic effect of [MBPY]<sup>+</sup> and [TFSI]<sup>−</sup> additives, the PSCs achieve a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.03% with an open circuit voltage of 1.182 V, and retain 90.5% of their initial PCE after 1200 h storage at room temperature in air atmosphere (35% relative humidity). This work contributes to ongoing computational and experimental efforts in accelerating the exploration and prediction of potential ionic liquid passivation materials for perovskite solar cells.</p><p>\u0000 \u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":93174,"journal":{"name":"EcoMat","volume":"7 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eom2.70033","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145426175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mussel-Inspired and Recyclable Cardanol-Based Supramolecular Networks for Multifunctional and Sustainable Resins","authors":"Yun Hu, Ye Sha, Meng Zhang, Yonghong Zhou, Tianyu Zhu, Dawei Zhao, Puyou Jia","doi":"10.1002/eom2.70034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eom2.70034","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Dynamic covalent epoxy resins integrate the merits of thermoplastics and thermosets, enabling reprocessability while maintaining covalent crosslinking. However, achieving simultaneous shape memory, intrinsic flame retardancy, and antibacterial properties in biomass-derived epoxy resins remains a significant challenge. Inspired by mussel byssus, we developed a supramolecular strategy to construct cardanol-based epoxy resins incorporating adaptive phosphate networks and robust dynamic noncovalent interactions. The synergistic effects of supramolecular interactions and entropy-driven dynamics enabled by functional group engineering endowed the material with shape memory (<i>R</i><sub>f</sub> = 99%, <i>R</i><sub>r</sub> = 80%), self-healing, and reprocessability. The conjugated π-bond system of benzene rings, phenolic hydroxyl radical scavenging, and dynamic phosphate ester carbonization collectively enhanced flame retardancy. The resins achieved a limiting oxygen index of 30.3% and V0 rating under UL-94 standards. Furthermore, the synergistic antibacterial activity of phenolic polyphenols and phosphate esters resulted in 100% antibacterial efficiency against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. This mussel-inspired supramolecular design establishes a sustainable platform for next-generation epoxy resins, offering multifunctional performance critical for medical and food packaging applications under stringent flame retardancy and antibacterial requirements.</p><p>\u0000 \u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":93174,"journal":{"name":"EcoMat","volume":"7 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eom2.70034","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145426176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EcoMatPub Date : 2025-10-12DOI: 10.1002/eom2.70031
Arshid Numan, Lijie Li, Salem AlFaify, Muhammad Sheraz Ahmad, Syam Krishnan, Mohammad Khalid
{"title":"Progress in Contactless 3D Printing and 2D Material Integration for Next-Generation Electrochemical Sensing Applications","authors":"Arshid Numan, Lijie Li, Salem AlFaify, Muhammad Sheraz Ahmad, Syam Krishnan, Mohammad Khalid","doi":"10.1002/eom2.70031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eom2.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The convergence of two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials and additive manufacturing has emerged as a transformative frontier in materials science and advanced fabrication techniques. This review systematically examines the integration of 2D materials, such as graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides, and MXenes, with 3D printing technologies, highlighting their synergistic potential in functional applications. We assessed the structural, electronic, optical, and mechanical properties of 2D materials that render them ideal for engineered inks, along with key three-dimensional (3D) printing approaches (inkjet, extrusion, and stereolithography) optimized for processing these nanomaterials. Critical challenges in ink design, including rheological control, interfacial engineering, and parameter optimization, were analyzed to bridge synthesis strategies with scalable fabrication. State-of-the-art applications in energy storage, flexible electronics, sensing, and high-performance composites have demonstrated the versatility of 3D-printed 2D architectures. Emerging opportunities in multimaterial printing, algorithmic-driven manufacturing, and sustainable production are outlined to address the current limitations in resolution, scalability, and functional integration. By integrating the progress and prospects across disciplines, this review provides a roadmap for the advancement of 2D material-enabled 3D printing in next-generation technologies.</p><p>\u0000 \u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":93174,"journal":{"name":"EcoMat","volume":"7 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/eom2.70031","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145316678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}