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Is Enhancer Function Driven by Protein-Protein Interactions? From Bacteria to Leukemia.
IF 3.2 3区 生物学
BioEssays Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1002/bies.70006
Nicholas T Crump, Thomas A Milne
{"title":"Is Enhancer Function Driven by Protein-Protein Interactions? From Bacteria to Leukemia.","authors":"Nicholas T Crump, Thomas A Milne","doi":"10.1002/bies.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bies.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The precise regulation of the transcription of genes is essential for normal development and for the maintenance of life. Aberrant gene expression changes drive many human diseases. Despite this, we still do not completely understand how precise gene regulation is controlled in living systems. Enhancers are key regulatory elements that enable cells to specifically activate genes in response to environmental cues, or in a stage or tissue-specific manner. Any model of enhancer activity needs to answer two main questions: (1) how enhancers are able to identify and act on specific genes and (2) how enhancers influence transcription. To address these points, we first outline some of the basic principles that can be established from simpler prokaryotic systems, then discuss recent work on aberrant enhancer activity in leukemia. We argue that highly specific protein-protein interactions are a key driver of enhancer-promoter proximity, allowing enhancer-bound factors to directly act on RNA polymerase and activate transcription.</p>","PeriodicalId":9264,"journal":{"name":"BioEssays","volume":" ","pages":"e70006"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143802571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dynamic Plasma Membrane Topography Linked With Arp2/3 Actin Network Induction During Cell Shape Change.
IF 3.2 3区 生物学
BioEssays Pub Date : 2025-03-31 DOI: 10.1002/bies.70004
Tony J C Harris
{"title":"Dynamic Plasma Membrane Topography Linked With Arp2/3 Actin Network Induction During Cell Shape Change.","authors":"Tony J C Harris","doi":"10.1002/bies.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bies.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent studies show the importance of mesoscale changes to plasma membrane (PM) topography during cell shape change. Local folding and flattening of the cell surface is mechanosensitive, changing in response to both microenvironment structural elements and intracellular cytoskeletal activities. These topography changes elicit local mechanical signaling events that act in conjunction with molecular signal transduction pathways to remodel the cell cortex. Experimental manipulations of local PM curvature show its sufficiency for recruiting Arp2/3 actin network induction pathways. Additionally, studies of diverse cell shape changes-ranging from neutrophil migration to early Drosophila embryo cleavage to neural stem cell asymmetric division-show that local generation of PM folding is linked with local Arp2/3 actin network induction, which then remodels the PM topography during dynamic control of cell structure. These examples are reviewed in detail, together with known and potential causes of PM topography changes, downstream effects, and higher-order feedback.</p>","PeriodicalId":9264,"journal":{"name":"BioEssays","volume":" ","pages":"e70004"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143751200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fighting Antibiotic Resistance: Insights Into Human Barriers and New Opportunities: Antibiotic Resistance Constantly Rises With the Development of Human Activities. We discuss Barriers and Opportunities to Get It Under Control.
IF 3.2 3区 生物学
BioEssays Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1002/bies.70001
Aubin Pitiot, Camille Rolin, Carole Seguin-Devaux, Jacques Zimmer
{"title":"Fighting Antibiotic Resistance: Insights Into Human Barriers and New Opportunities: Antibiotic Resistance Constantly Rises With the Development of Human Activities. We discuss Barriers and Opportunities to Get It Under Control.","authors":"Aubin Pitiot, Camille Rolin, Carole Seguin-Devaux, Jacques Zimmer","doi":"10.1002/bies.70001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bies.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The public health issue of bacterial multi-resistance to antibiotics has gained awareness among the public, researchers, and the pharmaceutical sector. Nevertheless, the spread of antimicrobial resistance has been considerably aggravated by human activities, climate change, and the subsequent increased release of antibiotics, drug-resistant bacteria, and antibiotic resistance genes in the environment. The extensive use of antibiotics for medical and veterinary purposes has not only induced increasing resistance but also other health problems, including negative effects on the patient's microbiome. Preventive strategies, new treatment modalities, and increased surveillance are progressively set up. A comprehensive approach is, however, lacking for urgently tackling this adverse situation. To address this challenge, we discussed here the main causes driving antimicrobial resistance and pollution of the environment by factors favorable to the emergence of drug resistance. We next propose some key priorities for research, prevention, surveillance, and education to supervise an effective clinical and sustainable response.</p>","PeriodicalId":9264,"journal":{"name":"BioEssays","volume":" ","pages":"e70001"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143718004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Issue Information: BioEssays 4/2025
IF 3.2 3区 生物学
BioEssays Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1002/bies.70000
{"title":"Issue Information: BioEssays 4/2025","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/bies.70000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bies.70000","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9264,"journal":{"name":"BioEssays","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bies.70000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143690175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Known and Unknown About Female Reproductive Tract Mucus Rheological Properties.
IF 3.2 3区 生物学
BioEssays Pub Date : 2025-03-22 DOI: 10.1002/bies.70002
Luke Achinger, Derek F Kluczynski, Abigail Gladwell, Holly Heck, Faith Zhang, Ethan Good, Alexis Waggoner, Mykala Reinhart, Megan Good, Dawson Moore, Dennis Filatoff, Supriya Dhar, Elisa Nigro, Lucas Flanagan, Sunny Yadav, Trinity Williams, Aniruddha Ray, Tariq A Shah, Matthew W Liberatore, Tomer Avidor-Reiss
{"title":"The Known and Unknown About Female Reproductive Tract Mucus Rheological Properties.","authors":"Luke Achinger, Derek F Kluczynski, Abigail Gladwell, Holly Heck, Faith Zhang, Ethan Good, Alexis Waggoner, Mykala Reinhart, Megan Good, Dawson Moore, Dennis Filatoff, Supriya Dhar, Elisa Nigro, Lucas Flanagan, Sunny Yadav, Trinity Williams, Aniruddha Ray, Tariq A Shah, Matthew W Liberatore, Tomer Avidor-Reiss","doi":"10.1002/bies.70002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bies.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spermatozoa reach the fallopian tube during ovulation by traveling through the female reproductive tract mucus. This non-Newtonian viscoelastic medium facilitates spermatozoon movement to accomplish fertilization or, in some cases, blocks spermatozoon movement, leading to infertility. While rheological properties are known to affect spermatozoon motility with in vitro models using synthetic polymers, their precise effects in vivo are understudied. This paper reviews the rheological measurements of reproductive tract mucus during ovulation in humans and model animals, focusing on viscosity and its potential effect on spermatozoa. Mucus viscosity in the female reproductive tract's different compartments is poorly understood. While information on this subject is incomplete, most mammals appear to have a viscosity decrease along their female reproductive tracts. Based on this sparse information, we hypothesize that viscosity changes in female reproductive tracts may guide spermatozoa to eggs, a novel concept that could improve our understanding of reproductive biology.</p>","PeriodicalId":9264,"journal":{"name":"BioEssays","volume":" ","pages":"e70002"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143676849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Distinct Stress Regulators in the CRL Family: Emerging Roles of F-Box Proteins: Cullin-RING Ligases and Stress-Sensing.
IF 3.2 3区 生物学
BioEssays Pub Date : 2025-03-16 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202400249
Jiwon Hwang, Linda Lauinger, Peter Kaiser
{"title":"Distinct Stress Regulators in the CRL Family: Emerging Roles of F-Box Proteins: Cullin-RING Ligases and Stress-Sensing.","authors":"Jiwon Hwang, Linda Lauinger, Peter Kaiser","doi":"10.1002/bies.202400249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bies.202400249","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cullin-RING ligases (CRLs) are central regulators of environmental and cellular stress responses, orchestrating diverse processes through the ubiquitination of substrate proteins. As modular complexes, CRLs employ substrate-specific adaptors to target proteins for degradation and other ubiquitin-mediated processes, enabling dynamic adaptation to environmental cues. Recent advances have highlighted the largest CRL subfamily SCF (Skp1-cullin-F-box) in environmental sensing, a role historically underappreciated for SCF ubiquitin ligases. Notably, emerging evidence suggests that the F-box domain, a 50-amino acid motif traditionally recognized for mediating protein-protein interactions, can act as a direct environmental sensor due to its ability to bind heavy metals. Despite these advances, the roles of many CRL components in environmental sensing remain poorly understood. This review provides an overview of CRLs in stress response regulation and emphasizes the emerging functions of F-box proteins in environmental adaptation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9264,"journal":{"name":"BioEssays","volume":" ","pages":"e202400249"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Heavy Metal Meets Protein Homeostasis: Emerging Roles of F-Box Proteins?
IF 3.2 3区 生物学
BioEssays Pub Date : 2025-03-16 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202500035
Callie E W Crawford, George M Burslem
{"title":"Heavy Metal Meets Protein Homeostasis: Emerging Roles of F-Box Proteins?","authors":"Callie E W Crawford, George M Burslem","doi":"10.1002/bies.202500035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bies.202500035","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9264,"journal":{"name":"BioEssays","volume":" ","pages":"e202500035"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Signatures of Nonlinear Aging: Molecular Stages of Life: Sudden Changes During Aging as Potential Biomarkers for an Age Classification System.
IF 3.2 3区 生物学
BioEssays Pub Date : 2025-03-16 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202400222
Maja Olecka, Helen Morrison, Steve Hoffmann
{"title":"Signatures of Nonlinear Aging: Molecular Stages of Life: Sudden Changes During Aging as Potential Biomarkers for an Age Classification System.","authors":"Maja Olecka, Helen Morrison, Steve Hoffmann","doi":"10.1002/bies.202400222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bies.202400222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The traditional view of aging as a gradual, progressive process is increasingly being challenged. A growing body of evidence suggests the existence of abrupt transitions in the aging process, marked by sudden molecular shifts. Interestingly, the data indicates that such transitions occur not only in late life but also throughout the entire lifespan. Further research on the nature of such events could enhance our understanding of aging and pave the way for novel therapeutic strategies, including personalized medicine. We propose that these abrupt molecular shifts could serve as biomarkers, dividing the lifespan into distinct stages and providing the foundation for a much-needed staging system for aging. Furthermore, we argue that the sudden changes may be the hallmarks of aging tipping points, that is, points in time where aging processes are quickly amplified after surpassing critical biological thresholds.</p>","PeriodicalId":9264,"journal":{"name":"BioEssays","volume":" ","pages":"e202400222"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143647238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Experimental Approaches to Visualize Effector Protein Translocation During Host-Pathogen Interactions
IF 3.2 3区 生物学
BioEssays Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202400188
Verena Nadin Fritsch, Michael Hensel
{"title":"Experimental Approaches to Visualize Effector Protein Translocation During Host-Pathogen Interactions","authors":"Verena Nadin Fritsch,&nbsp;Michael Hensel","doi":"10.1002/bies.202400188","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bies.202400188","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Bacterial pathogens deliver effector proteins into host cells by deploying sophisticated secretion systems. This effector translocation during host-pathogen interactions is a prerequisite for the manipulation of host cells and organisms and is important for pathogenesis. Analyses of dynamics and kinetics of translocation, subcellular localization, and cellular targets of effector proteins lead to understanding the mode of action and function of effector proteins in host-pathogen interplay. This review provides an overview of biochemical and genetic tools that have been developed to study protein effector translocation qualitatively or quantitatively. After introducing the challenges of analyses of effector translocation during host-pathogen interaction, we describe various methods ranging from static visualization in fixed cells to dynamic live-cell imaging of effector protein translocation. We show the main findings enabled by the approaches, emphasize the advantages and limitations of the methods, describe recent approaches that allow real-time tracking of effector proteins in living cells on a single molecule level, and highlight open questions in the field to be addressed by application of new methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":9264,"journal":{"name":"BioEssays","volume":"47 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bies.202400188","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143613469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
AAV Genome Topology Decides ITR Secondary Structure. AAV 基因组拓扑决定 ITR 二级结构
IF 3.2 3区 生物学
BioEssays Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202400266
Patrick Wilmott, Leszek Lisowski
{"title":"AAV Genome Topology Decides ITR Secondary Structure.","authors":"Patrick Wilmott, Leszek Lisowski","doi":"10.1002/bies.202400266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bies.202400266","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intra-strand base pairing is possible when double-stranded DNA contains inverted repeats, but vanishingly improbable without so-called negative superhelicity. This superhelicity itself is conditional upon whether the molecule can retain torsional stress-a question of \"topology.\" This principle has been uncontroversial to biophysicists since the 1980s but has proven challenging for outsiders to grasp and retain. For those in AAV research, this constitutes a decades-long missed connection. AAV is one of a multitude of viruses bearing secondary-structure-forming elements on their termini. Its \"inverted terminal repeats\" (ITRs) can self-anneal into relatively large hammerhead structures on both ends of the dynamically structured genome and are central to numerous host interactions that drive the viral lifecycle. A standalone article such as this is therefore warranted to promote an understanding of these ideas in the AAV research community and highlight their significance in the basic biology of the virus and its vector gene delivery system.</p>","PeriodicalId":9264,"journal":{"name":"BioEssays","volume":" ","pages":"e202400266"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143566187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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