Brain Imaging and Behavior最新文献

{"title":"The causal relationship between polycystic ovary syndrome and structural changes in brain: a Mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Han Yang, Wei Xie, Camilo Alberto Pinzon Galvis, Si Huang, Xu He, Si-Yi Yu, Qing You, Fan-Rong Liang, Zhi-Yong Xiao, Ning Li","doi":"10.1007/s11682-026-01143-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11682-026-01143-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The impact of sex hormones on the brain has been widely recognized. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is frequently accompanied by abnormal hormone. Furthermore, psychiatric disorders are among the most common comorbidities associated with PCOS. However, whether PCOS induces alterations in brain structure remains unclear. Mendelian randomization (MR) was conducted to determine this causal association and pinpoint specific brain regions prone to PCOS. Genome wide association study (GWAS) data from the FinnGen database, for PCOS phenotypes from 39,004 PCOS patients and 731,830 controls were included. Outcomes were determined using GWAS data from the ENIGMA Consortium for brain structural traits, specifically cortical thickness and cortical surficial area, from 51,665 participants and for the volume of subcortical structures from 30,717 participants. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was adopted as the primary estimate method. Additionally, several sensitivity and pleiotropy analyses were conducted to verify MR results. Genetically predicted PCOS was nominally associated with increased cortical thickness in the paracentral lobule (β = 0.0020 mm, pIVW = 0.0097) and decreased cortical thickness in the precentral gyrus (β = -0.0038 mm, pIVW = 0.0101). In addition, it was nominally associated with increased cortical surficial area in the precentral gyrus (β = 14.4026 mm2, pIVW = 0.0088), the pars opercularis (β = 5.6965 mm2, pIVW = 0.0491), and the posterior cingulate cortex (β = 3.529 mm2, pIVW = 0.0396) and reduced cortical surficial area in the inferior parietal lobule (β = -6.1279 mm2, pIVW = 0.0273) and the caudal middle frontal gyrus (β = -20.7354 mm2, pIVW = 0.0265). The results remained consistent throughout the sensitivity and pleiotropy analyses. This hypothesis-generating study provides suggestive evidence for possible associations between genetic predisposition to PCOS and alterations in cortical structure in specific brain regions. These findings highlight the need for confirmatory studies using independent datasets and alternative methodologies to validate the observed associations and elucidate underlying mechanisms. The results should be interpreted cautiously given the exploratory nature of the analyses and the limitations inherent to MR studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9192,"journal":{"name":"Brain Imaging and Behavior","volume":"20 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147762850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myasthenia Gravis patients have reduced DTI-ALPS-Index and gBOLD-CSF coupling, suggesting impaired brain waste clearance.","authors":"Jianxian Zeng, Shuting Han, Mengying Zhu, Yi Shang, Peng Wu, Qinghua Gu, Yonggang Li","doi":"10.1007/s11682-026-01151-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11682-026-01151-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Some patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) present with cognitive impairment (CI), and dysfunction of the cerebral glymphatic system (GS) is considered a key contributor. We hypothesized that dysfunction of the GS contributes to cognitive impairment in MG and aimed to identify potential neuroimaging biomarkers. This study included 41 patients with MG (29 patients without CI, 12 patients with CI) and 35 healthy controls (HC). GS function was assessed by calculating the diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) and gBOLD-CSF coupling strength. Concurrently, neuropsychological testing (including MMSE, MoCA, CDT, etc.) was performed to examine the relationship between GS function and cognitive performance. Single factor analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis test were used for intergroup comparison. Spearman correlation analysis was used to observe the relationship between DTI-ALPS and gBOLD-CSF coupling and clinical scales. Compared with HC, patients with MG exhibited significantly reduced DTI-ALPS indices and gBOLD-CSF coupling strength (p < 0.05). Additionally, MG patients with CI demonstrated a decrease in DTI-ALPS index compared with MG patients without CI (p < 0.05). Furthermore, DTI-ALPS index demonstrated significant correlations with overall cognitive function in all participants. Patients with MG demonstrate impaired GS function, which correlates with their overall cognitive performance. These findings suggest that GS dysfunction may represent a characteristic feature of cognitive decline in MG.</p>","PeriodicalId":9192,"journal":{"name":"Brain Imaging and Behavior","volume":"20 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147762759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Procrastination as a neurocognitive syndrome: evidence from VBM, RSFC, and Temporal activation patterns in executive and Default-Mode networks.","authors":"Riza Amalia, Henny Indreswari, I M Hambali, Arbin Janu Setiyowati, Nur Hidayah, Ronal Surya Aditya, Ekachaeryanti Zain, Reem Iafi Almutairi","doi":"10.1007/s11682-026-01108-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11682-026-01108-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Procrastination—the habitual postponement of intended tasks despite anticipating negative consequences—is increasingly understood as a neurocognitive syndrome rooted in affective, motivational, and executive dysregulation. This systematic literature review synthesizes findings from 23 neuroimaging studies involving a total of 6,087 participants, predominantly university students aged 16–26 years, to examine the structural, functional, and psychological underpinnings of academic procrastination. Using voxel-based morphometry (VBM), resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC), and task-based fMRI, these studies consistently implicate reduced gray matter volume in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, insula, and precuneus, alongside disrupted connectivity within the Cognitive Control Network and Default Mode Network. Psychological mediators such as low self-control, high reward sensitivity, rumination, and boredom proneness were found to bridge neural alterations and procrastinatory behavior. Temporal activation patterns further indicate that procrastination is not a static trait but a dynamic process influenced by real-time fluctuations in attention, motivation, and emotional engagement. Key limitations include the cross-sectional design of all included studies, reliance on self-report measures, and limited demographic diversity, primarily East Asian student samples. These findings support reconceptualizing procrastination as a multidimensional neurocognitive phenomenon and highlight the potential for targeted interventions—such as cognitive training, mindfulness, and non-invasive brain stimulation—that address its core neural mechanisms to improve academic performance, mental health, and productivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":9192,"journal":{"name":"Brain Imaging and Behavior","volume":"20 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147762772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroanatomical signatures of chronotype in young adults.","authors":"Iman Beheshti, Odelia Elkana","doi":"10.1007/s11682-026-01153-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11682-026-01153-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite extensive evidence linking chronotype to behavioral and physiological outcomes, its structural neuroanatomical correlates, especially in healthy young adults, remain insufficiently characterized, and multimodal structural investigations integrating Voxel-based morphometry (VBM), cortical thickness (CT), and brain-age metrics are still limited. We examined whether chronotype—preference for early or late sleep–wake timing—is associated with structural brain variation in 136 healthy young adults (68 early chronotypes [EC], 68 late chronotypes [LC]) using high-resolution MRI. Early and late chronotypes were defined using the Morningness–Eveningness subscale of the Chronotype Questionnaire (ChQ-ME): early chronotype (EC) scores 11–21 and late chronotype (LC) scores 22–32. The VBM analyses were conducted to assess gray and white matter morphology, complemented by CT analyses and estimation of brain-predicted age difference (Brain-PAD) as an index of biological brain aging. Sensitivity analyses additionally modeled ChQ-ME as a continuous predictor. Primary voxel-wise VBM analyses did not identify between-group differences in gray or white matter morphology that survived family-wise error (FWE) correction (p < 0.05). In pre-specified exploratory analyses (voxel-wise p < 0.001, uncorrected; cluster-level false discovery rate [FDR] correction q < 0.05), late chronotype (LC) participants showed an exploratory left cerebellar/occipital cluster with lower gray matter volume. Region-wise CT differences were nominal (p < 0.05) and did not survive FDR correction across regions. No significant differences in Brain-PAD were observed. In healthy young adults, chronotype-related structural differences were not detectable under conservative voxel-wise FWE correction; however, pre-specified exploratory analyses suggested a regionally specific cerebellar gray matter pattern and nominal CT trends. These findings motivate larger and longitudinal studies with objective sleep–wake timing measures to clarify whether sleep timing is linked to early structural variation and to test its potential modifiability.</p>","PeriodicalId":9192,"journal":{"name":"Brain Imaging and Behavior","volume":"20 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13110214/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147762826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional connectivity between the caudate nucleus and the frontal lobe and its association with executive functions in children and adolescents: a resting state fMRI study.","authors":"Jiyea Kim, Tae-Hyeong Kim, Haemi Choi, Yeeun Kim, Dong-Gyun Han, Yunho Kim, Jungeun Cho, Bumhee Park, Min-Hyeon Park","doi":"10.1007/s11682-026-01101-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11682-026-01101-5","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;During childhood and adolescence, the human brain becomes structurally and functionally mature, affecting the development of various executive functions (EFs). The frontal lobe plays a significant role in managing a wide range of EFs from the understanding of the neurocognitive development of executive functioning. Along with the frontal lobe, the caudate nucleus (CN) is suggested to contribute to EFs. The frontal-subcortical circuit, which is a natural pathway connecting the basal ganglia to the frontal lobe, is suggested as a strongly associated circuit with EFs. Although significant functional connectivity (FC) between the CN and frontal lobe is claimed to play an important role in EFs, there is not enough data on functional connectivity between the bilateral CN and the frontal lobe and its relationship with EFs during childhood and adolescence. We investigated the degrees of FC between the caudate and the regions of the frontal lobe and their relationship with EFs in a community sample of Korean children and adolescents. To investigate EFs associated with functional brain networks, we recruited participants aged between 6 and 17. The present study used fMRI seed-based connectivity analyses with bilateral caudate and all frontal lobe regions as our regions of interest and performed partial correlation analyses with the Stroop, Children Color Trails Test (CCTT), and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WSCT) to measure overall EFs. Overall, 106 children and adolescents (59 males and 47 females) with a mean age of 12.40 years participated in a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI) study. We found strong positive correlations between the frontal-caudate FCs and Stroop, CCTT, and WSCT scores. The effect of sex was adjusted by partial correlation analyses, which revealed significant positive corrections between fronto-caudate FC strengths and each clinical score. The novelty of our findings provides new insights into functional interactions between the CN and the frontal sub-regions, especially since there is a significant association shown with participants aged 13 years and older after adjusting for sex. In Stroop, FC between bilateral CN and the left and right opercular part of the inferior frontal gyrus, left triangular of the inferior frontal gyrus, and right rolandic operculum are shown significantly. The left medial part of the orbitofrontal cortex, the left and right superior part of the orbitofrontal cortex, and the right inferior part of the orbital frontal cortex are associated with bilateral CN in CCTT scores. Bilateral CN and bilateral dorsolateral parts of the superior frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, medial part of the superior frontal gyrus, and anterior cingulate cortex are functionally connected with WSCT scores. Our findings highlight a significant correlation between caudate-frontal lobe functional connectivity and EFs with a sample of children and adolescents during the critical developmental period. &lt;/","PeriodicalId":9192,"journal":{"name":"Brain Imaging and Behavior","volume":"20 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147762789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep grey nuclei automated assessment in acute-subacute phase of middle cerebral artery cortical stroke helps predict the 3-month outcome.","authors":"Salim Zenkhri, Bénédicte Maréchal, Ricardo Corredor-Jerez, Silvia Pistocchi, Davide Strambo, Patrik Michel, Vincent Dunet","doi":"10.1007/s11682-026-01150-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11682-026-01150-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background: Stroke induces both focal and remote brain alterations, including early degeneration of deep grey nuclei (DGN). This study evaluates whether volumetric and diffusion changes in DGN during the acute-subacute phase after cortical middle cerebral artery (MCA) stroke can predict 3-month functional outcome. Methods: In this retrospective study, consecutive patients ≥ 18 years with first acute-subacute cortical MCA stroke (< 21 days) who underwent 3T MRI including DWI and T1-MP-RAGE imaging between 2018 and 2020 were included. Demographic variables, cardiovascular risk factors, time from stroke onset, and functional outcome were collected. DGN volumes were automatically quantified using the MorphoBox application and normalized as Z-scores. ADC values were extracted by applying segmented DGN onto the ADC map. Infarct volume was manually segmented. Ipsilateral–contralateral differences and asymmetry indices were computed. Multivariable regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of 3-month modified Rankin Scale (mRS) delta. Results: A total of 153 patients (69.3 ± 15.3 years; 85 men) were included. Mean infarct volume was 8.3 ± 20.5 mL. Ipsilateral thalamic (p = 0.001) and caudate (p = 0.006) Z-scores were significantly lower than contralateral values. Thalamic Z-score difference was associated with infarct volume (β = 0.27 [0.12, 0.42], p = 0.001). Thalamic ADC differences were also associated with time from stroke onset (F = 6.55 [3, 148], p = 0.0003). Finally, putaminal Z-score asymmetry (β = − 0.24 [–0.44, − 0.04], p = 0.021) and thalamic ADC asymmetry (β = 0.24 [0.04, 0.44], p = 0.021) independently predicted 3-month mRS delta. Conclusion: Early volumetric and diffusion alterations in deep grey nuclei occur in the acute-subacute phase after cortical MCA stroke and are associated with infarct burden and time from onset. These remote changes can predict short-term functional outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":9192,"journal":{"name":"Brain Imaging and Behavior","volume":"20 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13102836/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147762813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review of global signal topography in aging, neuropsychiatric disorders, and cognitive task performance.","authors":"Qinqin Zhu, Wei Wang, Shuxian Wu, Ling Zhang, Hongyuan Ding, Yi Zhu, Ming Qi, Shui Tian","doi":"10.1007/s11682-026-01152-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11682-026-01152-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neuropsychiatric disorders are one of the leading causes of disability worldwide, placing considerable strain on healthcare systems and resulting in significant social and economic consequences. Despite the rising incidence of these disorders, their neuropathological mechanisms remain inadequately studied. In recent years, the rapid development of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) as a non-invasive brain functional imaging technology has promoted the research of neuropsychiatric disorders into a new stage. The global signal (GS) is the average signal of all gray matter voxels in the brain, which represents the overall fluctuation of the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) activity across the entire brain. In addition to non-neuronal signals, GS also encompasses a significant number of neuronal signals, positioning it as a potentially crucial and valuable neuroimaging biomarker for neuropsychiatric disorders. In the current article, we first introduce the basic principles of GS and the dedifferentiation phenomenon that occurs with aging. Next, we summarize the progress of GS applications in the study of neuropsychiatric disorders and cognitive tasks, highlighting the GS topography changes observed across different conditions. Finally, we proposed future directions for further research on the dynamic changes of GS topography and its relationship with resting-state networks (RSNs). Research based on GS is expected to benefit the early identification and intervention of neuropsychiatric disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":9192,"journal":{"name":"Brain Imaging and Behavior","volume":"20 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147762780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meta-analysis and meta-regression of diagnostic test accuracy of connectome-based predictive modeling in OCD.","authors":"Umit Tural, Naomi L Gaggi, Emily R Stern, Dan V Iosifescu","doi":"10.1007/s11682-026-01113-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11682-026-01113-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Functional magnetic resonance imaging studies have reported disruptions in functional connectivity within brain networks, known as connectomes. Researchers have tested connectomes to see whether they serve as biomarkers for various psychiatric conditions. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the diagnostic test accuracy of predictive models of connectomes derived from resting-state fMRI in diagnosing obsessive-compulsive disorder. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted on previous studies assessing the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of connectome-based diagnostic models in obsessive-compulsive disorder and healthy controls. Eight studies were identified, comprising 563 individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder and 564 healthy controls. The results revealed robust diagnostic performance with a pooled sensitivity of 0.827 (95% CI: 0.779-0.867) and specificity of 0.794 (95% CI: 0.759-0.826). Connectome-based diagnostic models demonstrated excellent clinical utility, with an area under the curve of 87% (95% CI: 84%-90%), and significant predictive power as indicated by positive (4.15) and negative (0.21) likelihood ratios, as well as strong diagnostic odds ratio of 18.69 (95% CI: 11.84-29.49). The results highlight the potential of functional connectome-based predictive modeling as a robust tool for accurately diagnosing obsessive-compulsive disorder, with possibility of future implications for early diagnosis, monitoring treatment-related changes, involving in decision modeling, and understanding the biological mechanisms underlying obsessive-compulsive disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":9192,"journal":{"name":"Brain Imaging and Behavior","volume":"20 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147715939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classification of decomposed neural data in memory networks and LLM-based stimuli processing.","authors":"Muhammad Shahzaib, Salma Zainab Farooq, Eric H Schumacher, Shella D Keilholz, Sadia Shakil","doi":"10.1007/s11682-026-01148-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11682-026-01148-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Naturalistic paradigms, where participants are exposed to real-world stimuli (e.g., narratives) are important in memory research. They may provide a more complete assay of human memory processes and their underlying mechanisms compared to controlled task-based paradigm. In these paradigms, stimuli are continuous and do not have well-defined scene boundaries. Defining scene boundaries based on narrative events such as plot twists or character developments is crucial as these moments are known to influence memory recall. Aligning neural activity with such boundaries helps in studying the dynamics of memory recall during narrative experiences. However, segmenting narratives based on memory-driven cues is difficult due to the continuous flow of events. To overcome this, we developed an automatic scene segmentation technique using large language models (LLMs). The LLMs segment narratives into meaningful scenes offering a consistent unbiased method for recall-based segmentation. These segments are then used to analyze brain dynamics from fMRI data. In our study, 180 participants listened to four different stories while undergoing fMRI. Functional connectivity (FC) was computed based on the LLM-derived scene segments. For memory recall analysis, classification models were trained using participants’ recall scores as labels. To further understand the neural basis of memory, FC matrices were decomposed into shared (low-rank) and individual (idiosyncratic) components. Classification results demonstrate that LLM-based segmentation effectively defines scene boundaries and that memory recall is not solely tied to common or idiosyncratic activity. This approach offers a robust framework for exploring brain-behavior relationships in naturalistic memory research.</p>","PeriodicalId":9192,"journal":{"name":"Brain Imaging and Behavior","volume":"20 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13091883/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147715931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variation in systemic biological health risk is associated with white matter integrity differences in young adult veterans.","authors":"Emily J Van Etten, Madeleine K Nowak, Caitlin M Bolduc, Shira Hao, Arielle R Knight, Aubrey A Knoff, William P Milberg, Catherine B Fortier, David H Salat","doi":"10.1007/s11682-026-01149-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11682-026-01149-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biological health risk factors (e.g., hypertension, high cholesterol, insulin resistance, kidney and liver dysfunction) have been associated with reduced brain white matter integrity (WMI) in middle-aged and older adults. However, less is known about how these risk factors may impact WMI in younger populations, a critical time to capture early effects given the increasing prevalence of these conditions in young people. This study assessed relationships between biological health risk markers and global and regional WMI within a sample of 491 young adult post-9/11 Veteran participants 18–40 years of age (Mean ± SD = 30.64 ± 5.05). T1 and diffusion weighted 3T MRI scans were processed using the FreeSurfer image analysis suite and FSL Diffusion Toolbox. Atlas-based regions of interest of WMI were derived from the white matter skeleton using FSL Tract-Based Spatial Statistics. Biological health markers were clustered into four factors using exploratory factor analysis: Factor 1–4 weighted by (1) blood pressure, (2) HDL cholesterol, (3) glucose/protein, and (4) cholesterol/glucose/kidney function, respectively. Factor 2 was associated with reduced global and regional fractional anisotropy (FA), primarily in frontal and parietal regions. Factor 4 was associated with variation in global mean diffusivity (MD), radial diffusivity (RD), and axial diffusivity (AD), and showed different regional effects across the WMI indices. The other two factors (factors 1 and 3) were not significantly related to WMI. These findings indicate biological health risk factors may have dissociable influences on global and regional WMI that are observable early in the adult lifespan, suggesting increased risk for accelerated WMI aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":9192,"journal":{"name":"Brain Imaging and Behavior","volume":"20 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147697200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}